The document discusses global water resources and the growing water crisis. It notes that while the total amount of water on Earth has remained the same, the population has doubled since 1940 and freshwater use has increased over four times. By 2025, two thirds of the world's population is estimated to be under water stress conditions. The water crisis is caused by factors like increased population, pollution from agriculture, domestic and industrial waste, and the unequal distribution of water resources versus population.

1. Global Water RESOURCES CBSE – Std X As per NCERT geography textbook – Contemporary India II

2. THE BLUE PLANET From outer space, the Earth looks BLUE in colour. That’s because approximately 70% of the Earth is covered with water

3. Q. Do we have less water today than a million years ago? Then

4. Now A. The same amount of water

5. The water cycle Transpiration

6. Is there a water problem? Approximately 70% of the Earth’s surface is covered with water. The absolute quantity of water has not changed over the years. Then why are we talking of a water crisis? Why do we need to conserve water?

7. DISTRIBUTION OF GLOBAL WATER

8. If all the world’s water could fit into a bucket Water available for drinking would be less than a teaspoon Sustainable freshwater supply for human use = 0.01% Recommended activity - A drop of water Salt Water = 97.5%

9. Mismatch between regions of large population and available freshwater resources Fresh Water Stress By 2025 2 / 3 of the world’s population estimated to be underwater-stress conditions. 3 billion people may be affected by water scarcity . Source: http://www.unep.org/dewa/assessments/ecosystems/water/vitalwater/21.htm#21b

10. The total amount of water in the world is the same, but there are more people wanting to use this water 1940 World population doubled ( increased by 3 bn ) Freshwater use increased more than 4 times 1995 Population and water Resources There is just not enough water!!!! 2050 Estimated population increase = 2.7 bn

11. Every item that we use needs water for production CAUSES FOR WATER STRESS Water evaporation from reservoirs of large hydro power projects Domestic Extensive farming. High usage of water Industry Increase in Population Water stress!!!! Power Agriculture People require food to eat Increased demand for goods bathing, flushing, washing, cooking, drinking…

12. Global water use by Sector Evolution Of Global Water Use Withdrawal And Consumption By Sector Source: http://www.unep.org/dewa/assessments/ecosystems/water/vitalwater/15.htm , accessed November 2008

13. India, with more than a billion people, needs a lot of water to grow food for its population Agriculture Source: http://www.unep.org/dewa/assessments/ecosystems/water/vitalwater/15.htm

14. Run off from agricultural fields Untreated municipal sewage Air pollutants Dissolve in rainwater It’s not just increased consumption… For more details refer to the presentation on ‘Water pollution’. Increasing pollution of freshwater sources ( surface and groundwater ) Untreated industrial wastes

15. Lakes, tanks and ponds being destroyed. Land filled for construction purposes. Unsustainable extraction of groundwater in urban areas, affecting groundwater quality. Receive sewage that cannot be handled by sewage treatment plants. Disposal of solid and liquid wastes above or into groundwater aquifers. Additional stress in urban areas For more details refer to the presentation on ‘ Water resources of our city ’

16. SO… Is there a Water Problem? Yes , there definitely is. There is a greater demand for freshwater Freshwater resources are being polluted and are therefore unfit for consumption Skewed distribution of population and freshwater resources leads to unequal access

17. India – status and projections 1 / 6 of World’s Population 1 / 25 of world’s Freshwater Resources Source: TERI

18. Dumb Charades A game to check how much you have learnt Play

19. Divide the class into 5 teams. Team A selects 2 people who will guess the answer. These 2 people turn their face to the wall or go out of the room, so that they can’t see the clue. Play

20. Team A have to act out the clue for the 2 guessers. Either all members of Team A can act it out (very boisterous, but all children are involved) or a representative is selected to do the acting. The other members of Team A (and the rest of the class) see the clue.

21. If the guessers got the right answer in 30 secs, they get 5 points If the guessers get the right answer in 60 secs, they get 3 points Otherwise  The chance then goes to Team B and so on. Rules: No mouthing of words

22. Round 1 Team A – Team B – Team C – Team D – Team E – Ready ? Agriculture Domestic use Reservoir Population Industrial production

23. Round 2 Team A – Team B – Team C – Team D – Team E – Unequal access Over exploitation Urbanization Lifestyle Lake destruction

24. Round 3 Team E – Domestic waste water Team A – Fertilizer runoff Team B – Sewage disposal Team C – Industrial waste water Team D – Pesticides

25. Round 4 Team A – Water stress Team B – Groundwater depletion Team C – Diseases Team D – Life threatening Team E – Slum dwellers