Sjogren-Parotitis
•Download as PPT, PDF•
25 likes•11,939 views
This document summarizes a study that evaluated the role of minor salivary gland biopsy and sialometry tests in classifying Sjogren's syndrome. The study included 72 patients, 26 with Sjogren's syndrome and 46 without. Both those with and without underwent minor salivary gland biopsy and sialometry testing. The biopsy showed higher sensitivity and specificity than sialometry for diagnosing Sjogren's syndrome. The biopsy results supported using it to help confirm a Sjogren's diagnosis when autoantibody tests are positive.
Report
Share
Report
Share
![Outline ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
Recommended
sjogren's syndrome
Sjogren's syndrome is an autoimmune disease characterized by dry mouth and dry eyes due to lymphocytic infiltration and destruction of the salivary and lacrimal glands. It was first described in 1933 by Swedish ophthalmologist Henrik Sjogren. The disease causes immune-mediated inflammation of the salivary, lacrimal, and sweat glands. Diagnosis involves evaluating symptoms, signs of dryness, blood tests for autoantibodies, and biopsy of the salivary glands showing lymphocytic infiltration. Treatment focuses on relieving dryness symptoms with artificial tears and saliva, as well as immunosuppressants in severe cases.
Hypersalivation
This document discusses hypersalivation (sialorrhea or drooling). It summarizes that sialorrhea is a common problem in neurological diseases that can cause physical and psychosocial complications. It describes the anatomy and physiology of saliva production and various etiologies of hypersalivation including neuromuscular dysfunction, hypersecretion, sensory dysfunction, and anatomic abnormalities. Management requires a multidisciplinary approach including medications, behavioral therapies, and sometimes surgical interventions.
Tubercular lymphadenitis management
1. Managing lymph node tuberculosis can be challenging as it has varied clinical manifestations and diagnostic challenges.
2. It most commonly involves cervical lymph nodes but can affect nodes throughout the body.
3. Diagnosis may involve imaging like ultrasound, CT, or MRI to identify enlarged or cystic lymph nodes, as well as biopsy to confirm the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
4. Treatment often requires a multi-drug antibiotic regimen over a prolonged period.
Acute gingival infections
Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (ANUG), also known as Vincent's gingivitis or Vincent's infection, is a polymicrobial infection of the gums that results in ulceration, necrosis, and pain. It is caused by an overgrowth of oral bacteria like spirochetes and fusiform bacteria when the immune system is weakened by factors like stress, malnutrition, or HIV infection. ANUG begins as small ulcers on the gums that can spread and deepen over time if left untreated, potentially resulting in bone and tissue loss. Symptoms include bleeding, foul taste, and pain when eating. Treatment focuses on improving oral hygiene and nutrition to restore immune function and resolve the
Hemangioma
Hemangioma is a benign vascular endothelial tumor that is common in girls. It grows rapidly in the first year and 70% involute by 7 years. Hemangiomas can be capillary or cavernous. Capillary hemangiomas appear as strawberry-like lesions and usually resolve by age 7, while cavernous hemangiomas appear bluish and may grow larger. Treatment depends on the type and location but may include corticosteroids, laser therapy, or surgery.
Vzv infections
This document discusses human herpesviruses, focusing on varicella zoster virus which causes shingles (herpes zoster) and chickenpox. It describes how varicella zoster virus can reactivate after a latent infection to cause shingles, presenting as a painful skin rash localized to specific dermatomes. Complications of shingles can include postherpetic neuralgia, zoster ophthalmicus affecting the eye, and Ramsay Hunt syndrome impacting the ear and facial nerve. Advanced age is a risk factor for shingles as cellular immunity declines over time.
Ramsay hunt syndrome
Ramsay Hunt syndrome is caused by reactivation of the varicella zoster virus, which causes chickenpox, in the facial nerve ganglia near the ear. This causes a rash around one ear and facial paralysis on the same side. It affects cranial nerves 7 and 8, resulting in symptoms like facial weakness, hearing loss, and pain. Treatment involves antiviral drugs to treat the infection along with steroids to reduce inflammation. Prognosis is better if treatment begins within 3 days and for children compared to adults. Early diagnosis and treatment improves chances of recovery from facial paralysis.
Splenomegaly
Explanation of what splenomegaly is in relation to its dimension deviation from normal spleen.Classification of splenomegaly according to it's size in adult and pediatric. The causes of splenomegaly along with the symptom that would manifest as a result of this anomaly. Lastly, diagnosis of splenomegaly
Recommended
sjogren's syndrome
Sjogren's syndrome is an autoimmune disease characterized by dry mouth and dry eyes due to lymphocytic infiltration and destruction of the salivary and lacrimal glands. It was first described in 1933 by Swedish ophthalmologist Henrik Sjogren. The disease causes immune-mediated inflammation of the salivary, lacrimal, and sweat glands. Diagnosis involves evaluating symptoms, signs of dryness, blood tests for autoantibodies, and biopsy of the salivary glands showing lymphocytic infiltration. Treatment focuses on relieving dryness symptoms with artificial tears and saliva, as well as immunosuppressants in severe cases.
Hypersalivation
This document discusses hypersalivation (sialorrhea or drooling). It summarizes that sialorrhea is a common problem in neurological diseases that can cause physical and psychosocial complications. It describes the anatomy and physiology of saliva production and various etiologies of hypersalivation including neuromuscular dysfunction, hypersecretion, sensory dysfunction, and anatomic abnormalities. Management requires a multidisciplinary approach including medications, behavioral therapies, and sometimes surgical interventions.
Tubercular lymphadenitis management
1. Managing lymph node tuberculosis can be challenging as it has varied clinical manifestations and diagnostic challenges.
2. It most commonly involves cervical lymph nodes but can affect nodes throughout the body.
3. Diagnosis may involve imaging like ultrasound, CT, or MRI to identify enlarged or cystic lymph nodes, as well as biopsy to confirm the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
4. Treatment often requires a multi-drug antibiotic regimen over a prolonged period.
Acute gingival infections
Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (ANUG), also known as Vincent's gingivitis or Vincent's infection, is a polymicrobial infection of the gums that results in ulceration, necrosis, and pain. It is caused by an overgrowth of oral bacteria like spirochetes and fusiform bacteria when the immune system is weakened by factors like stress, malnutrition, or HIV infection. ANUG begins as small ulcers on the gums that can spread and deepen over time if left untreated, potentially resulting in bone and tissue loss. Symptoms include bleeding, foul taste, and pain when eating. Treatment focuses on improving oral hygiene and nutrition to restore immune function and resolve the
Hemangioma
Hemangioma is a benign vascular endothelial tumor that is common in girls. It grows rapidly in the first year and 70% involute by 7 years. Hemangiomas can be capillary or cavernous. Capillary hemangiomas appear as strawberry-like lesions and usually resolve by age 7, while cavernous hemangiomas appear bluish and may grow larger. Treatment depends on the type and location but may include corticosteroids, laser therapy, or surgery.
Vzv infections
This document discusses human herpesviruses, focusing on varicella zoster virus which causes shingles (herpes zoster) and chickenpox. It describes how varicella zoster virus can reactivate after a latent infection to cause shingles, presenting as a painful skin rash localized to specific dermatomes. Complications of shingles can include postherpetic neuralgia, zoster ophthalmicus affecting the eye, and Ramsay Hunt syndrome impacting the ear and facial nerve. Advanced age is a risk factor for shingles as cellular immunity declines over time.
Ramsay hunt syndrome
Ramsay Hunt syndrome is caused by reactivation of the varicella zoster virus, which causes chickenpox, in the facial nerve ganglia near the ear. This causes a rash around one ear and facial paralysis on the same side. It affects cranial nerves 7 and 8, resulting in symptoms like facial weakness, hearing loss, and pain. Treatment involves antiviral drugs to treat the infection along with steroids to reduce inflammation. Prognosis is better if treatment begins within 3 days and for children compared to adults. Early diagnosis and treatment improves chances of recovery from facial paralysis.
Splenomegaly
Explanation of what splenomegaly is in relation to its dimension deviation from normal spleen.Classification of splenomegaly according to it's size in adult and pediatric. The causes of splenomegaly along with the symptom that would manifest as a result of this anomaly. Lastly, diagnosis of splenomegaly
Dermoid cyst
This document discusses dermoid cysts and abscesses. It defines a dermoid cyst as a cavity lined by epithelium that contains desquamated cells, sebum, and hair follicles, often forming along embryonic fusion lines. It describes various types of dermoid cysts including sequestration, tubular, implantation, and teratomatous. It then defines an abscess as a collection of pus and describes the main types as pyogenic, pyemic, metastatic, and cold abscesses. The document outlines pathogenesis, clinical features, investigations, and management of dermoid cysts and abscesses.
Clubbing
Clubbing, also known as Hippocrates fingers, is the bulbous enlargement of the fingertips and nails. It is caused by proliferation of subcutaneous tissues due to chronic hypoxemia from conditions like lung diseases, heart diseases, and liver or gastrointestinal diseases. Examination involves comparing the fingernails to look for reduced or absent diamond-shaped spaces, indicating clubbing. While clubbing itself has no treatment, addressing the underlying condition can potentially reverse it over time.
Ludwigs angina
Ludwig's angina is a serious neck infection that can compromise the airway. It involves the sublingual and submandibular spaces and spreads through connective tissue planes. The infection is usually polymicrobial, involving bacteria like Streptococcus and Staphylococcus. It commonly originates from an odontogenic infection. Symptoms include neck swelling, difficulty swallowing and breathing. Immediate priorities in treatment are airway protection through intubation or tracheostomy and IV antibiotics.
Lichen planus
Lichen planus is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the skin and mucous membranes. It is characterized by pruritic polygonal papules and plaques that are flat topped and violaceous. The disease commonly affects middle aged women more than men. Oral lichen planus presents as white lacy lesions inside the mouth, while skin lesions typically occur on the wrists and legs. Treatment focuses on reducing symptoms through topical corticosteroids and immunosuppressants. While usually self-limiting, oral lichen planus poses a small risk of malignant transformation over the long term.
Oral candidiasis
This document discusses various types of oral candidiasis, including acute pseudomembranous (thrush), acute atrophic, chronic atrophic forms such as denture stomatitis and angular cheilitis, and chronic hyperplastic candidiasis. It describes the clinical features, predisposing factors, histological findings, and treatments for each type. Immunocompromised individuals such as those with HIV/AIDS are more susceptible to oral candidiasis. Topical and systemic antifungal medications are used to treat infections, though relapses may occur due to underlying immune deficiencies.
Dermoid cyst
Dermoid cysts are cysts lined with squamous epithelium that contain skin adnexa such as sweat glands, sebaceous glands, and hair follicles. There are several types of dermoid cysts including congenital dermoid cysts that form along embryonic fusion lines and can cause bony defects, implantation dermoid cysts that form after skin implantation injuries, and teratomatous dermoid cysts containing tissues from all germ layers. Dermoid cysts typically present as slow-growing, painless swellings and are diagnosed based on location and imaging findings showing cystic masses sometimes eroding adjacent bone. Excision is the treatment.
Sjogren syndrome
This document provides information on Sjögren's syndrome including its definition, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnostic criteria, and treatment approaches. Sjögren's syndrome is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of the exocrine glands resulting in dry eyes and dry mouth. It primarily affects middle-aged women and has a prevalence of 0.5-1%. The pathogenesis involves lymphocytic infiltration of the exocrine glands and B lymphocyte hyperreactivity. Clinical manifestations include dry eyes, dry mouth, arthritis, and involvement of other organ systems. Diagnosis is based on symptoms, objective measures of ocular and oral involvement, histopathology, and serology. Treatment focuses on
Ulcer case presentation
Kailash son of Bherulalji, a 30-year old married Hindu male, was admitted to the surgery ward with a large infected ulcer on his left lower leg resulting from a road accident and cartwheel injury 15 days prior. He reported worsening pain, swelling, pus discharge, and discoloration of the skin around the ulcer. On examination, a large irregular ulcer was found on his lower left foot extending from his toe to ankle, with inflamed edges and sloughy floor. He underwent debridement of the necrotizing fasciitis and infected non-healing ulcer.
Salivary glands disorders ii
The document discusses various salivary gland disorders including infections, inflammatory conditions, cysts, tumors and other pathologies. It provides details on:
- Acute and chronic bacterial sialadenitis, most commonly caused by retrograde infection from the mouth. Acute infections more often affect the parotid gland.
- Viral infections like mumps can cause acute non-suppurative sialadenitis. Mumps is spread through droplets and involves the parotid glands.
- Sjögren's syndrome is an autoimmune condition characterized by lymphocytic destruction of exocrine glands causing dry mouth and eyes. Diagnosis involves labial biopsy.
- Common benign sal
Lipomas
This document discusses lipomas, which are benign soft tissue tumors composed of adipose tissue enclosed in connective tissue. It covers the epidemiology, causes, classification, clinical features, diagnosis, complications and treatment of lipomas. Lipomas most commonly occur in adults aged 40-60 and can be removed surgically, usually via simple excision, for cosmetic reasons or if the diagnosis is uncertain. While generally benign, liposarcomas can rarely develop with similar clinical features and require complete excision and histological examination.
Periodontal diseases ppt
This document summarizes diseases of the periodontium. The periodontium comprises the gingiva, periodontal ligament, root cementum, and alveolar bone. It attaches the tooth to the jaw bone and maintains the integrity of the oral mucosa. Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis is a specific type of gingivitis characterized by pain, interdental ulceration, and bleeding. It is caused by an endogenous polymicrobial infection facilitated by factors like stress, smoking, and poor nutrition. Treatment involves cleaning, scaling, antibiotics, and surgical procedures to restore tissue contours. Gingival enlargement causes an increase in gingival size, overfilling interproximal spaces and protr
Ulcers
Ulcerative lesions of the oral cavity can be caused by local trauma, infections, recurrent aphthous stomatitis, or systemic conditions. Traumatic ulcers are usually solitary and caused by factors like sharp teeth or dental appliances. They heal within 6-10 days after removing the cause. Recurrent aphthous stomatitis causes painful ulcers and comes in minor, major, and herpetiform types. Infections like herpes virus or tuberculosis can also lead to oral ulcerations. A thorough history and examination is needed to diagnose the underlying cause of ulcers.
Case study on Varicose Veins & Venous Ulcers
A clinically based study of a case of Varicose Veins & Venous Ulcers.
Moderator:
Dr M. K. Mazumdar
Asst. Professor,
Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynaecology,
Gauhati Medical College & Hospital
Presented by:
29: Abhineet Dey
30: Devasree Kalita
31: Parishmita Sharma
32: Samadrita Borkakoty
33: Ankur Jain
34: Dhurjyoti Nath
35: Mousumi Mehtaz
Students of 8th Semester,
Gauhati Medical College & Hospital, Guwahati, Assam
Leukoplakia
Leukoplakia is a predominantly white lesion of the oral mucosa that is characterized by thickened white patches. It is primarily linked to tobacco use and smoking is the most common cause. Leukoplakia is usually diagnosed through an oral exam and if patches look suspicious, a biopsy may be performed to check for precancerous or cancerous cells. Treatment depends on the severity and type of leukoplakia, ranging from simply monitoring the patches to surgical removal, especially if cancer is detected. Preventive measures include stopping smoking and reducing alcohol consumption.
Dental Abscess
A dental abscess (also termed a dentoalveolar abscess, tooth abscess or root abscess), is a localized collection of pus associated with a tooth.
For more information, you can book an appointment at
Dr Sachdeva's Dental Aesthetic And Implant Institute,
I 101, Ashok Vihar Phase 1, Delhi- 110052
Contact us at
• Phone : +919818894041,01142464041
• Our Websites:
• www.sachdevadentalcare.com
• www.dentalclinicindelhi.com
• www.dentalimplantindia.co.in
• www.dentalcoursesdelhi.com
• www.facialaestheticsdelhi.com
• Google+ link: https://goo.gl/vqAmvr
• Facebook link: https://goo.gl/tui98A
• Youtube link: https://goo.gl/mk7jfm
• Linkedin link: https://goo.gl/PrPgpB
• Slideshare link : http://goo.gl/0HY6ep
• Twitter Page : https://goo.gl/tohkcI
• Instagram page : https://goo.gl/OOGVig
Swelling - Examination
Examination of Swelling in a patient is always a task for MBBS students. This PPT provides the students, how to elicit a history & also the easy way to examine a swelling.
Herpes zoster
Herpes zoster, also known as shingles, is an acute viral infection caused by the varicella zoster virus which also causes chickenpox. It is characterized by a painful rash of blisters that typically occurs on one side of the body. The virus can reactivate decades after the initial chickenpox infection, causing shingles. Risk factors include older age and weakened immune systems. Treatment focuses on antiviral medication and management of postherpetic neuralgia. A shingles vaccine is recommended for older adults to prevent occurrence.
Behcet's disease
Behcet's disease is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory disease that causes blood vessel inflammation throughout the body. It is characterized by oral and genital ulcers, eye inflammation, skin lesions, and joint, gastrointestinal, and neurological symptoms. The cause is unknown but involves genetic and environmental factors. It is associated with genes related to immune function like HLA-B51. Symptoms typically begin in the 3rd or 4th decade of life and affect males more than females. Diagnosis is based on recurrent oral and genital ulcers along with other clinical features. Treatment focuses on reducing inflammation and symptoms.
Infections and salivary gland disease in pediatric age: how to manage - Slide...
The slideset by Professor Susanna Esposito aims at explaining how to manage the salivary gland infections in pediatric age, from pathogenesis, to transmission, treatments and vaccination coverage, that should be urgently increased in Italy as well as in EU Countries.
Aphthous Ulcer
This document discusses aphthous ulcers, also known as canker sores, which are characterized by recurring, painful ulcers in the mouth. It describes the three main types: minor aphthous ulcers, which are less than 10mm and heal within 2 weeks; major aphthous ulcers, which are larger than 10mm and can take over 6 weeks to heal, often leaving scars; and herpetiform ulcers, which present as multiple small ulcers that may join together into larger ones and persist for 1-3 years. The document provides details on symptoms, locations in the mouth, appearances, durations, and histopathology of the different types of aphthous ulcers.
Management of Parotitis
Parotid gland anatomy and pathophysiology of parotitis are described. Parotitis is inflammation of the parotid gland most commonly caused by viral or bacterial infection when saliva production is decreased. Symptoms include pain, swelling, and pus draining from the parotid duct. Diagnosis involves medical history, physical exam, and imaging tests. Treatment ranges from conservative measures like antibiotics, heat therapy and increased fluids to surgery in severe cases. Complications are rare if treated properly.
Salivary gland infections
This document discusses salivary gland infections, including different types (bacterial, viral), signs and symptoms, management, and prevention. It focuses on acute bacterial parotitis, noting that Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococci are common causes. Symptoms include swelling of the face and pain when eating. Management includes warm salt water rinses, antibiotics, and surgery to drain abscesses. Mumps virus is also discussed, describing its pathogenesis and clinical presentation, including potential complications like deafness, orchitis, and meningitis.
More Related Content
What's hot
Dermoid cyst
This document discusses dermoid cysts and abscesses. It defines a dermoid cyst as a cavity lined by epithelium that contains desquamated cells, sebum, and hair follicles, often forming along embryonic fusion lines. It describes various types of dermoid cysts including sequestration, tubular, implantation, and teratomatous. It then defines an abscess as a collection of pus and describes the main types as pyogenic, pyemic, metastatic, and cold abscesses. The document outlines pathogenesis, clinical features, investigations, and management of dermoid cysts and abscesses.
Clubbing
Clubbing, also known as Hippocrates fingers, is the bulbous enlargement of the fingertips and nails. It is caused by proliferation of subcutaneous tissues due to chronic hypoxemia from conditions like lung diseases, heart diseases, and liver or gastrointestinal diseases. Examination involves comparing the fingernails to look for reduced or absent diamond-shaped spaces, indicating clubbing. While clubbing itself has no treatment, addressing the underlying condition can potentially reverse it over time.
Ludwigs angina
Ludwig's angina is a serious neck infection that can compromise the airway. It involves the sublingual and submandibular spaces and spreads through connective tissue planes. The infection is usually polymicrobial, involving bacteria like Streptococcus and Staphylococcus. It commonly originates from an odontogenic infection. Symptoms include neck swelling, difficulty swallowing and breathing. Immediate priorities in treatment are airway protection through intubation or tracheostomy and IV antibiotics.
Lichen planus
Lichen planus is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the skin and mucous membranes. It is characterized by pruritic polygonal papules and plaques that are flat topped and violaceous. The disease commonly affects middle aged women more than men. Oral lichen planus presents as white lacy lesions inside the mouth, while skin lesions typically occur on the wrists and legs. Treatment focuses on reducing symptoms through topical corticosteroids and immunosuppressants. While usually self-limiting, oral lichen planus poses a small risk of malignant transformation over the long term.
Oral candidiasis
This document discusses various types of oral candidiasis, including acute pseudomembranous (thrush), acute atrophic, chronic atrophic forms such as denture stomatitis and angular cheilitis, and chronic hyperplastic candidiasis. It describes the clinical features, predisposing factors, histological findings, and treatments for each type. Immunocompromised individuals such as those with HIV/AIDS are more susceptible to oral candidiasis. Topical and systemic antifungal medications are used to treat infections, though relapses may occur due to underlying immune deficiencies.
Dermoid cyst
Dermoid cysts are cysts lined with squamous epithelium that contain skin adnexa such as sweat glands, sebaceous glands, and hair follicles. There are several types of dermoid cysts including congenital dermoid cysts that form along embryonic fusion lines and can cause bony defects, implantation dermoid cysts that form after skin implantation injuries, and teratomatous dermoid cysts containing tissues from all germ layers. Dermoid cysts typically present as slow-growing, painless swellings and are diagnosed based on location and imaging findings showing cystic masses sometimes eroding adjacent bone. Excision is the treatment.
Sjogren syndrome
This document provides information on Sjögren's syndrome including its definition, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnostic criteria, and treatment approaches. Sjögren's syndrome is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of the exocrine glands resulting in dry eyes and dry mouth. It primarily affects middle-aged women and has a prevalence of 0.5-1%. The pathogenesis involves lymphocytic infiltration of the exocrine glands and B lymphocyte hyperreactivity. Clinical manifestations include dry eyes, dry mouth, arthritis, and involvement of other organ systems. Diagnosis is based on symptoms, objective measures of ocular and oral involvement, histopathology, and serology. Treatment focuses on
Ulcer case presentation
Kailash son of Bherulalji, a 30-year old married Hindu male, was admitted to the surgery ward with a large infected ulcer on his left lower leg resulting from a road accident and cartwheel injury 15 days prior. He reported worsening pain, swelling, pus discharge, and discoloration of the skin around the ulcer. On examination, a large irregular ulcer was found on his lower left foot extending from his toe to ankle, with inflamed edges and sloughy floor. He underwent debridement of the necrotizing fasciitis and infected non-healing ulcer.
Salivary glands disorders ii
The document discusses various salivary gland disorders including infections, inflammatory conditions, cysts, tumors and other pathologies. It provides details on:
- Acute and chronic bacterial sialadenitis, most commonly caused by retrograde infection from the mouth. Acute infections more often affect the parotid gland.
- Viral infections like mumps can cause acute non-suppurative sialadenitis. Mumps is spread through droplets and involves the parotid glands.
- Sjögren's syndrome is an autoimmune condition characterized by lymphocytic destruction of exocrine glands causing dry mouth and eyes. Diagnosis involves labial biopsy.
- Common benign sal
Lipomas
This document discusses lipomas, which are benign soft tissue tumors composed of adipose tissue enclosed in connective tissue. It covers the epidemiology, causes, classification, clinical features, diagnosis, complications and treatment of lipomas. Lipomas most commonly occur in adults aged 40-60 and can be removed surgically, usually via simple excision, for cosmetic reasons or if the diagnosis is uncertain. While generally benign, liposarcomas can rarely develop with similar clinical features and require complete excision and histological examination.
Periodontal diseases ppt
This document summarizes diseases of the periodontium. The periodontium comprises the gingiva, periodontal ligament, root cementum, and alveolar bone. It attaches the tooth to the jaw bone and maintains the integrity of the oral mucosa. Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis is a specific type of gingivitis characterized by pain, interdental ulceration, and bleeding. It is caused by an endogenous polymicrobial infection facilitated by factors like stress, smoking, and poor nutrition. Treatment involves cleaning, scaling, antibiotics, and surgical procedures to restore tissue contours. Gingival enlargement causes an increase in gingival size, overfilling interproximal spaces and protr
Ulcers
Ulcerative lesions of the oral cavity can be caused by local trauma, infections, recurrent aphthous stomatitis, or systemic conditions. Traumatic ulcers are usually solitary and caused by factors like sharp teeth or dental appliances. They heal within 6-10 days after removing the cause. Recurrent aphthous stomatitis causes painful ulcers and comes in minor, major, and herpetiform types. Infections like herpes virus or tuberculosis can also lead to oral ulcerations. A thorough history and examination is needed to diagnose the underlying cause of ulcers.
Case study on Varicose Veins & Venous Ulcers
A clinically based study of a case of Varicose Veins & Venous Ulcers.
Moderator:
Dr M. K. Mazumdar
Asst. Professor,
Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynaecology,
Gauhati Medical College & Hospital
Presented by:
29: Abhineet Dey
30: Devasree Kalita
31: Parishmita Sharma
32: Samadrita Borkakoty
33: Ankur Jain
34: Dhurjyoti Nath
35: Mousumi Mehtaz
Students of 8th Semester,
Gauhati Medical College & Hospital, Guwahati, Assam
Leukoplakia
Leukoplakia is a predominantly white lesion of the oral mucosa that is characterized by thickened white patches. It is primarily linked to tobacco use and smoking is the most common cause. Leukoplakia is usually diagnosed through an oral exam and if patches look suspicious, a biopsy may be performed to check for precancerous or cancerous cells. Treatment depends on the severity and type of leukoplakia, ranging from simply monitoring the patches to surgical removal, especially if cancer is detected. Preventive measures include stopping smoking and reducing alcohol consumption.
Dental Abscess
A dental abscess (also termed a dentoalveolar abscess, tooth abscess or root abscess), is a localized collection of pus associated with a tooth.
For more information, you can book an appointment at
Dr Sachdeva's Dental Aesthetic And Implant Institute,
I 101, Ashok Vihar Phase 1, Delhi- 110052
Contact us at
• Phone : +919818894041,01142464041
• Our Websites:
• www.sachdevadentalcare.com
• www.dentalclinicindelhi.com
• www.dentalimplantindia.co.in
• www.dentalcoursesdelhi.com
• www.facialaestheticsdelhi.com
• Google+ link: https://goo.gl/vqAmvr
• Facebook link: https://goo.gl/tui98A
• Youtube link: https://goo.gl/mk7jfm
• Linkedin link: https://goo.gl/PrPgpB
• Slideshare link : http://goo.gl/0HY6ep
• Twitter Page : https://goo.gl/tohkcI
• Instagram page : https://goo.gl/OOGVig
Swelling - Examination
Examination of Swelling in a patient is always a task for MBBS students. This PPT provides the students, how to elicit a history & also the easy way to examine a swelling.
Herpes zoster
Herpes zoster, also known as shingles, is an acute viral infection caused by the varicella zoster virus which also causes chickenpox. It is characterized by a painful rash of blisters that typically occurs on one side of the body. The virus can reactivate decades after the initial chickenpox infection, causing shingles. Risk factors include older age and weakened immune systems. Treatment focuses on antiviral medication and management of postherpetic neuralgia. A shingles vaccine is recommended for older adults to prevent occurrence.
Behcet's disease
Behcet's disease is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory disease that causes blood vessel inflammation throughout the body. It is characterized by oral and genital ulcers, eye inflammation, skin lesions, and joint, gastrointestinal, and neurological symptoms. The cause is unknown but involves genetic and environmental factors. It is associated with genes related to immune function like HLA-B51. Symptoms typically begin in the 3rd or 4th decade of life and affect males more than females. Diagnosis is based on recurrent oral and genital ulcers along with other clinical features. Treatment focuses on reducing inflammation and symptoms.
Infections and salivary gland disease in pediatric age: how to manage - Slide...
The slideset by Professor Susanna Esposito aims at explaining how to manage the salivary gland infections in pediatric age, from pathogenesis, to transmission, treatments and vaccination coverage, that should be urgently increased in Italy as well as in EU Countries.
Aphthous Ulcer
This document discusses aphthous ulcers, also known as canker sores, which are characterized by recurring, painful ulcers in the mouth. It describes the three main types: minor aphthous ulcers, which are less than 10mm and heal within 2 weeks; major aphthous ulcers, which are larger than 10mm and can take over 6 weeks to heal, often leaving scars; and herpetiform ulcers, which present as multiple small ulcers that may join together into larger ones and persist for 1-3 years. The document provides details on symptoms, locations in the mouth, appearances, durations, and histopathology of the different types of aphthous ulcers.
What's hot (20)
Infections and salivary gland disease in pediatric age: how to manage - Slide...
Infections and salivary gland disease in pediatric age: how to manage - Slide...
Viewers also liked
Management of Parotitis
Parotid gland anatomy and pathophysiology of parotitis are described. Parotitis is inflammation of the parotid gland most commonly caused by viral or bacterial infection when saliva production is decreased. Symptoms include pain, swelling, and pus draining from the parotid duct. Diagnosis involves medical history, physical exam, and imaging tests. Treatment ranges from conservative measures like antibiotics, heat therapy and increased fluids to surgery in severe cases. Complications are rare if treated properly.
Salivary gland infections
This document discusses salivary gland infections, including different types (bacterial, viral), signs and symptoms, management, and prevention. It focuses on acute bacterial parotitis, noting that Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococci are common causes. Symptoms include swelling of the face and pain when eating. Management includes warm salt water rinses, antibiotics, and surgery to drain abscesses. Mumps virus is also discussed, describing its pathogenesis and clinical presentation, including potential complications like deafness, orchitis, and meningitis.
Salivary gland infections
This document discusses salivary gland infections. It notes that salivary gland infections can be viral, bacterial, or fungal, with viruses being the most common cause. The parotid glands are more commonly infected than the submandibular glands. Sialadenitis refers to inflammation of the salivary glands. Mumps is a common viral cause of sialadenitis that infects the parotid glands. Bacterial infections are usually due to retrograde spread of bacteria via the salivary ducts when salivary flow is reduced. Actinomycosis is a rare fungal infection that can affect the salivary glands. Diagnosis involves clinical examination and sometimes
A case of submandibular swelling
This case report describes a 22-year-old male presenting with a painful swelling in the right submandibular region for 7 days that was aggravated by eating. Clinical examination revealed a sublingual hard mass that was mobile with an irregular surface. Ultrasound showed a sialolithiasis measuring 20 x 8 mm in the right Wharton's duct with secondary sialadenitis of the right submandibular gland. The patient underwent transoral excision of the sialolithiasis and was discharged after recovery with no complications.
Oral Pathology - Diseases of salivary glands
This document discusses diseases of the salivary glands. It begins by identifying the major salivary glands as the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands. It then discusses various diseases including developmental anomalies, sialadenitis (inflammatory disorders), obstructions, Sjögren's syndrome (an autoimmune disease causing dry mouth and eyes), sialadenosis (recurrent swelling), and HIV-associated salivary gland disease. For many of these diseases, it provides details on causes, clinical features, histopathology, and investigations. In summary, it provides an overview of the major diseases that can affect the salivary glands.
Sjogren's syndrome
Sjogren's syndrome is an autoimmune disease that causes dryness in the body's moisture-producing glands due to antibodies attacking the glands. It most commonly affects the eyes and mouth, causing dryness, as well as other organs. Complications can include infections, kidney problems, or pancreatitis in rare cases. Symptoms include dry eyes and mouth, fatigue, joint pain, and lung involvement. The condition is diagnosed through tests of tear and saliva production, along with biopsies of affected glands. Treatment focuses on replacing moisture and suppressing the immune system.
salivary gland diseases
The document discusses various salivary gland diseases including functional disorders like sialorrhea and xerostomia, obstructive disorders like sialolithiasis, non-neoplastic disorders such as acute and chronic sialadenitis, and neoplastic disorders including adenomas, mucoepidermoid tumors, carcinomas, and malignant lymphomas. It also covers sinus diseases such as acute and chronic sinusitis, their causes, symptoms, treatments, and potential complications.
Reducing the Incidence of 131I Induced Sialadenitis - The Role of Pilocarpine
My presentation
Reducing the Incidence of 131I Induced Sialadenitis - The Role of Pilocarpine.
THE JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE Vol. 49 No. 4 April 2008 by Edward B. Silberstein from Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
My Blog : http://ImagingSing.wordpress.com
Mumps 1234
Mumps is an infectious viral disease characterized by swelling of the salivary glands, usually the parotid glands. It is caused by the mumps virus, which is transmitted through direct contact with the saliva of an infected person. The mumps virus most commonly affects children between 5-15 years of age. Complications can include orchitis, pancreatitis, meningitis and deafness. Prevention is through immunization with the MMR vaccine.
Facial pain due to TMJ, trigminal neuralgia, Sjogren syndrome, Eagles etc..
This lecture covers the most common sources of facial pain, including trigeminal neuralgia, TMJ, Sjogren's, Eagles syndrome, glossopharyngeal neuralgia and other..This is based on a lecture on facial pain, given at University of Maryland School of Dental Surgery
Saliva
This document discusses salivary gland diseases and conditions. It provides a classification of salivary gland diseases including developmental, inflammatory, cystic, autoimmune, and neoplastic. Specific conditions discussed in more detail include mumps, acute and chronic bacterial sialadenitis, mucocele, ranula, sialoliths, and ptyalism. Imaging techniques for salivary glands such as sialography are also summarized. The document provides an overview of the etiology, clinical features, investigations, and management of various salivary gland diseases.
S. sjogrens
Sjögren’s (show-grin) syndrome - a syndrome describing xerophthalmia (dry eyes) and xerostomia (dry mouth)- (Sicca complex)-due to immune-mediated destruction of exocrine glands, predominately of lacrimal and salivary.
Salivary gland Viral infections
Salivary gland infections are usually viral but can also be bacterial or fungal. The parotid glands are most commonly infected. Mumps is a viral infection that causes parotitis and is transmitted through airborne droplets. It has an incubation period of 2-3 weeks and causes bilateral swelling of the parotid glands. Diagnosis is made through viral serology and treatment is usually supportive. Complications can include orchitis, meningitis, and hearing loss. Vaccination has reduced mumps cases.
Dry eye: A Multifactorial Disease
Dry eye, also known as dry eye disease, is a multifaceted condition that affects millions of people worldwide. It occurs when the eye does not produce enough tears or when the tears are not of the correct quality and consistency. Common symptoms include dryness, pain, discomfort, and visual disturbance. The prevalence increases with age, with over 75% of people over 65 affected. Women are more likely to suffer from dry eye than men. It can be caused by various underlying factors including meibomian gland dysfunction, autoimmune conditions like Sjogren's syndrome, allergies, medications, and environmental conditions. Dry eye exists on a spectrum of severity and can negatively impact quality of life.
Mumps presentation s agun
Mumps is a contagious viral disease that is spread through saliva and respiratory droplets from infected individuals. It causes painful swelling of the salivary glands. While most cases are mild, complications can include infection of the central nervous system, testicles, or pancreas in some cases. Vaccination has significantly reduced rates of mumps infection, though outbreaks can still occasionally occur.
Mumps
This document summarizes information about mumps, including its description, epidemiology, causative agent, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment, prevention, control, and references. Mumps is an acute viral disease that causes swelling of the parotid salivary glands and is typically seen in children. It is highly contagious and prevented through the measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) vaccine. Common symptoms include fever and tender swollen parotid glands. Complications can include orchitis, oophoritis, or inflammation of the brain. Diagnosis is usually clinical but can be confirmed through virus detection or serology. Treatment focuses on pain relief and prevention through vaccination.
Diseases of salivary glands
This document summarizes diseases that can affect the salivary glands. It discusses developmental anomalies, sialadenitis (inflammation of the salivary glands), obstructions, Sjögren's syndrome, sialadenosis, and tumors. Sialadenitis can be caused by bacterial or viral infections like mumps. Sjögren's syndrome is an autoimmune disorder that causes dry mouth and eyes due to lymphocytic infiltration of the lacrimal and salivary glands. Obstructions like salivary calculi can also cause inflammation by blocking ducts. The document provides details on symptoms, causes, and histopathology of several salivary gland conditions.
Viewers also liked (20)
Reducing the Incidence of 131I Induced Sialadenitis - The Role of Pilocarpine
Reducing the Incidence of 131I Induced Sialadenitis - The Role of Pilocarpine
Facial pain due to TMJ, trigminal neuralgia, Sjogren syndrome, Eagles etc..
Facial pain due to TMJ, trigminal neuralgia, Sjogren syndrome, Eagles etc..
Similar to Sjogren-Parotitis
Sjogren
1. Sjögren's syndrome is an autoimmune disease that primarily affects the lacrimal and salivary glands, causing dry eyes and dry mouth.
2. It most commonly affects women in the fourth to fifth decade of life, with a female to male ratio of approximately 9:1.
3. The disease can range from purely glandular involvement to systemic features affecting organs like the lungs, kidneys, liver, blood vessels, and nerves. Treatment focuses on managing sicca symptoms as well as systemic manifestations.
A Case of Sjogren's Syndrome
The patient is a 60-year-old female who presented with a 2-year history of difficulty swallowing solid foods and dryness of the mouth and eyes. Various tests were performed and she was found to have Sjogren's syndrome based on positive labial biopsy and serum autoantibodies. Sjogren's syndrome is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of the exocrine glands, predominantly affecting middle-aged women. The patient's symptoms, test results, and biopsy findings were consistent with a diagnosis of primary Sjogren's syndrome.
Sjogren syndrome, halitosis & treatment of osf
This document discusses Sjogren's syndrome, halitosis, and treatment of oral submucous fibrosis. It provides information on:
Sjogren's syndrome - An autoimmune disease that attacks the exocrine glands. It most commonly affects women after menopause. Causes include genetic and environmental factors. Symptoms include dry mouth and eyes.
Halitosis - Bad breath from oral or non-oral sources. Intraoral causes include poor oral hygiene, periodontal disease, and tongue coating. Extraoral causes include gastrointestinal and respiratory issues. Volatile sulfur compounds produced by bacteria are the main contributors to odor.
Treatment of oral submucous fibrosis - There is no surgery available
Case of sjogren’s syndrome
This document describes a case of a 52-year-old female patient presenting with joint pain, cough, dryness of mouth and breathlessness who was diagnosed with primary Sjogren's syndrome based on positive ANA, anti-SSA and anti-Ro52 antibodies and interstitial lung disease seen on HRCT chest. Investigations also revealed renal tubular acidosis. The rare simultaneous involvement of lungs and kidneys in a case of primary Sjogren's syndrome is discussed along with treatment initiated including low dose steroids, hydroxychloroquine and oral bicarbonates.
SJOGREN'S SYNDROME
Venus Williams, a 32-year-old African American female professional tennis player, presented with symptoms of dry eyes, dry mouth, dry skin, and enlarged parotid glands. Laboratory tests confirmed Sjogren's syndrome with a high ESR, positive biopsy and antibody results, and abnormal salivary gland function tests. Sjogren's syndrome is an autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of exocrine glands causing sicca symptoms. Treatment focuses on symptom management with artificial tears, moisturizers, NSAIDs, and immunosuppressants for major organ involvement.
Sjogrens's Syndrome
Sjogren's syndrome is an autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltration and destruction of the salivary and lacrimal glands, resulting in dry mouth and eyes. It was first described in 1933 by Swedish ophthalmologist Henrik Sjogren. The disease has a 9:1 female predominance and usually occurs in the 4th-6th decades of life. It is believed to have genetic, environmental, and hormonal components. Diagnosis involves tests for dry mouth and eyes like Schirmer's test, as well as blood tests for autoantibodies. Treatment focuses on managing dryness symptoms with artificial tears and saliva, along with medications to reduce inflammation and treat complications.
Sjogren's syndromee
this presentation will give you the overview of Sjogrens syndrome. The types, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations criteria for diagnosis, investigations, treatment and differential diagnosis of Sjogrens syndrome.
Dns
This document provides a summary of rubella in 3 sentences:
Rubella, also known as German measles, is a mild viral infection usually affecting children under 10 years old. While the illness is usually mild, rubella infection during pregnancy can cause serious birth defects in the fetus known as congenital rubella syndrome. The rubella virus is transmitted through respiratory droplets and causes a rash and mild fever.
Psgn nephrotic syndrome
A 7-year-old boy presented with facial puffiness, decreased urinary output, and fever for one week. Examination found pallor, elevated blood pressure, and a skin lesion on his elbow. Urine tests found protein and red blood cells. Blood tests showed elevated urea and low C3 levels. Ultrasound showed enlarged pale kidneys. He was diagnosed with acute nephritis likely due to a preceding streptococcal infection based on the clinical presentation and serological tests. Treatment focused on controlling blood pressure and supporting kidney function until recovery, which generally occurs within 6-8 weeks.
Sle by dr qudsia
This document presents the case of a 14-year-old female patient who presents with a 1-day fever and a 1-month history of a rash on her cheeks and nose with accompanying burning sensation when exposed to sunlight. Her other symptoms include mouth and nose ulcers for 1 week. Her history and examination are documented. A provisional diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus is made based on her presenting signs and symptoms. Relevant details on SLE including epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnostic criteria, clinical manifestations and management are then summarized.
@ Non neoplasitc salivary gland diseases
This document discusses various non-neoplastic diseases of the salivary glands. It covers common and uncommon infectious diseases like viral and bacterial sialadenitis. It also discusses specific infections like mumps which causes parotid gland swelling. Other conditions covered include Sjögren's syndrome, sialolithiasis (salivary stones), drug-induced salivary gland disorders, sialosis (non-inflammatory swelling) and bulimia nervosa related salivary gland enlargement. The document provides details on clinical features, investigations, diagnosis and treatment of these salivary gland conditions.
Str Pyo+ Sequelae
A 10-year-old girl presented with fever and sore joints after having a sore throat 3 weeks ago. Her symptoms began with a sore and swollen right knee, which improved as her left elbow became sore and swollen, consistent with migratory polyarthritis. This clinical presentation, following a prior Group A Streptococcal (GAS) infection, is suggestive of acute rheumatic fever, an immune-mediated disease that can develop after untreated GAS infections.
Infective Endocarditis Pediatrics
Children with congenital heart disease or rheumatic heart disease are at highest risk for developing bacterial endocarditis. It commonly presents with fever, heart murmur, and embolic phenomena. Diagnosis is made using modified Duke criteria, which considers major and minor clinical criteria as well as positive blood cultures. Treatment involves prolonged intravenous antibiotics targeting the causative organism. Surgery may be needed for complications like heart failure or abscesses. Prevention focuses on antibiotic prophylaxis for high-risk patients during certain medical procedures.
Management salivary gland disease .pptx
1. The document discusses various inflammatory diseases of the parotid gland including risk factors, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of conditions like parotid infections, Sjogren's syndrome, mumps, and sarcoidosis.
2. Key risk factors for parotid infection include reduced saliva flow, drugs, irradiation, and abnormalities in gland structure. Acute parotid infections usually cause swelling and tenderness that can be relieved by milking the gland.
3. Sjogren's syndrome is an autoimmune disease that causes dry mouth and eyes and increases risk of lymphoma. Mumps causes painful swelling of the parotid glands due to viral parotitis.
cerebral toxoplasmosis
This document summarizes the medical records of a 32-year-old male patient admitted to the hospital with fever, headache, and altered sensorium. Brain imaging showed multiple lesions consistent with cerebral toxoplasmosis. The patient had a suppressed immune system due to HIV. He was diagnosed with HIV/AIDS complicated by cerebral toxoplasmosis based on clinical presentation, imaging and lab findings. He was started on cotrimoxazole and steroids, and showed improvement in symptoms within a week.
Sjogrens
Sjogren's syndrome is an autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of the exocrine glands resulting in dry eyes and mouth. It predominantly affects middle-aged women. Approximately one-third of patients experience systemic manifestations such as arthritis, lung involvement, or vasculitis. Pulmonary manifestations include airway disease, interstitial lung disease such as nonspecific interstitial pneumonia, lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis, and usual interstitial pneumonia. Treatment involves managing dryness symptoms and suppressing inflammation.
Fever of unkown origin
This document discusses fever of unknown origin (FUO). It begins by classifying FUO into categories like classical FUO and nosocomial FUO. It then discusses the epidemiology and common etiologies of FUO, which include infections, collagen vascular diseases, and malignancies. The diagnostic approach involves a thorough history, repeated physical exams, and diagnostic testing like blood tests, imaging, and biopsies. Empirical therapeutic drug trials can help diagnose certain conditions but have limitations. The prognosis depends on the underlying cause, with poorer outcomes seen in elderly patients or those with neoplasms or diagnostic delays.
Typoidfever
Typhoid and paratyphoid fevers are acute enteric infectious diseases caused by Salmonella typhi and paratyphi bacteria, respectively. They present with prolonged fever, relative bradycardia, rose spots, splenomegaly and hepatomegaly. Diagnosis involves blood, bone marrow and stool cultures. Treatment includes antibiotics like fluoroquinolones and chloramphenicol. Complications include intestinal hemorrhage, perforation and toxic myocarditis. Paratyphoid fever A, B and C are caused by different Salmonella bacteria but have similar epidemiology, pathogenesis and treatment as typhoid fever.
Sjogren syndrome by aseem
Sjögren's syndrome is an autoimmune disease that causes inflammation of the exocrine glands, most commonly the salivary and lacrimal glands, leading to dry eyes and dry mouth. It exists as either a primary form that occurs alone or a secondary form associated with other connective tissue diseases like rheumatoid arthritis. Diagnosis involves evaluating symptoms of dry eyes and dry mouth along with tests like salivary gland biopsy, salivary flow tests, and lab tests for autoantibodies. Treatment focuses on managing symptoms while complications can involve other organ systems.
Dengue Fever Clinical
This document provides information on the clinical management of Dengue Syndrome. It discusses dengue facts, pathophysiology, immunopathogenesis, clinical presentations and classifications. It describes the case definitions for dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. It also outlines the differential diagnosis, appropriate laboratory investigations, approach to management, and guidelines for home care versus hospital admission.
Similar to Sjogren-Parotitis (20)
More from Flavio Guzmán
Ops
This document discusses the classification and cellular mechanisms of opioid receptors. There are four main types of opioid receptors: mu, delta, kappa, and ORL-1. Each receptor type is activated by different endogenous peptides and exogenous drugs. When activated, the receptors modulate various central and physiological processes like pain, locomotion, stress, and reward/addiction pathways. The document provides an overview of the endogenous and exogenous agonists and antagonists that act on each receptor subtype.
Pk2
This document discusses clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. It defines pharmacokinetics as how the body affects a drug through absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination. Factors like age can impact these processes in pediatric patients. It also discusses pharmacodynamics, how drugs act on the body, and how pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics together can help individualize drug therapy and decrease adverse effects.
Kinetika En 2002
- Pharmacokinetics is the study of the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of drugs in the body over time. It aims to quantitatively account for the amount of drug in the body and the rate it is cleared.
- Distribution of drugs throughout tissues is affected by factors like membrane permeability, blood flow, lipid solubility, pH, and plasma protein binding. The apparent volume of distribution indicates how much volume a drug appears to distribute into based on its concentration in plasma.
- Clearance is the rate of drug elimination from plasma relative to its concentration and depends on hepatic and renal elimination. It is used to calculate maintenance dosing to achieve a target concentration.
Pk1 Ppt
This document provides an overview of pharmacokinetic concepts including the four main processes of absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and various pharmacokinetic models. It discusses how drugs move through the body, factors that affect drug concentrations over time, and complexity of drug interactions within the body. Examples are provided to illustrate key pharmacokinetic principles such as the effect of dosage form on absorption rate and how organ function influences drug elimination rates.
Kinetika En 2002
Pharmacokinetics is the study of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion in the body. The key pharmacokinetic parameters include volume of distribution (Vd), clearance (CL), and elimination half-life (t1/2). Vd represents the apparent volume needed to contain the total amount of drug at the observed plasma concentration. CL is the volume of plasma cleared of drug per unit time, determined by metabolism and excretion. t1/2 is the time for drug concentration to reduce by half, dependent on Vd and CL. These parameters allow quantification of drug behavior in the body over time.
Ceorins
Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics that share a beta-lactam ring structure with penicillins and other beta-lactams. They work by binding to penicillin-binding proteins in bacterial cell walls to inhibit cell wall synthesis. First generation cephalosporins are mainly active against gram-positive cocci, while later generations have increased gram-negative coverage. Each generation also has distinct and expanded clinical uses depending on their antimicrobial spectrum.
AUPDATE
This document discusses various antibiotics, their uses, and emerging issues with antibiotic resistance. It provides guidance on empiric treatment for common infections like community-acquired pneumonia and skin/soft tissue infections.
For a case of community-acquired pneumonia, the patient was initially treated empirically with Augmentin and clarithromycin per guidelines. Testing later found penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae, requiring a change to higher dose beta-lactams, vancomycin, or fluoroquinolones.
A case of cellulitis grew methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus despite initial Augmentin treatment. The drug of choice for MRSA is vancomycin,
05052008OvarianTelehealth
The document discusses ovarian cancer treatment and management. It covers symptoms, risk factors, diagnosis methods, surgical staging and debulking, chemotherapy options including the gold standard of intravenous carboplatin and paclitaxel as well as emerging intraperitoneal chemotherapy showing increased survival. It emphasizes the importance of complete surgical staging and aggressive cytoreductive surgery for optimal outcomes and challenges of ensuring all patients receive standard of care treatment by gynecologic oncologists.
mati
- Ovarian cancer is the 4th leading cause of cancer death in women in the US, with a 5-year survival rate of only 35% for advanced cases. Most cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage due to non-specific early symptoms.
- There is no consensus on screening guidelines due to a lack of evidence that screening reduces mortality. Current screening methods like ultrasound and CA-125 lack sensitivity and specificity.
- Several large trials are underway to evaluate new screening strategies using ultrasound, tumor markers, and genetic testing to enable earlier detection when treatment is most effective. Improved screening methods are needed to reduce ovarian cancer mortality rates.
DrTerespolsky
This document discusses hereditary breast and ovarian cancer and the role of genetics in cancer risk. It provides an overview of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes which are known to increase the risk of breast and ovarian cancers when mutated. Individuals with mutations in these genes have a high lifetime risk, up to 85%, of developing breast cancer and 16-44% risk for ovarian cancer. Referral to a cancer genetics clinic is recommended for those with a strong family history or personal history of related cancers to determine risk and recommend screening and management options.
15
1. Ovarian cancer is the most common type of ovarian tumor and the 7th most common cancer in women.
2. Early stages of ovarian cancer are often asymptomatic but later stages can cause pressure symptoms like abdominal pain or bloating.
3. Ovarian cancer commonly spreads directly to nearby structures in the abdomen or through the lymphatic system to distant lymph nodes.
gopalan031607
Ovarian cancer is the 8th most common cancer in women and the 5th leading cause of cancer death. It has a median age of diagnosis of 60 years old and 68% of cases are metastatic at diagnosis. Risk factors include family history, personal history of breast cancer, infertility, and lack of pregnancy. Genetic mutations like BRCA1/2 account for 10-15% of cases. Symptoms are often vague. Treatment involves surgical staging and debulking followed by platinum-based chemotherapy, with the goal of optimal cytoreduction to ≤1cm residual disease.
IncidentalomaTalk
The document discusses the evaluation and management of incidental adrenal lesions, or "incidentalomas", discovered on imaging. It outlines criteria for categorizing incidentalomas as benign, indeterminate low/intermediate/high risk, or malignant based on imaging features and patient history. Benign lesions may require no follow up, while potentially malignant lesions are further evaluated using imaging algorithms, biopsy, or functional testing to establish a diagnosis and guide management.
Nikiforov
This document summarizes genetic alterations involved in the progression of well-differentiated thyroid carcinomas to poorly differentiated and anaplastic carcinomas. It discusses mutations in genes such as BRAF, RAS, RET/PTC, and PAX8-PPARγ that are involved in early-stage well-differentiated and follicular carcinomas. Additional mutations in p53 and β-catenin are thought to direct dedifferentiation and progression to later stages. Studies of mutations and loss of heterozygosity support a model where well-differentiated tumors progress through poorly differentiated to anaplastic carcinomas through the accumulation of these genetic alterations.
Thpt
1. The patient has a history of thyroid cancer with metastases to the lungs and skull, and underwent total thyroidectomy and parathyroidectomy.
2. Treatment options for recurrent or metastatic thyroid cancer include radioactive iodine treatment, surgery, external beam radiation, and molecularly targeted therapies.
3. Molecular targeted therapies that show promise for thyroid cancer work by inhibiting pathways involved in cell signaling and angiogenesis, such as the MAPK and PI3K pathways, or by restoring radioiodine uptake.
Thyroid Disease
- Thyroid cancer accounts for 1.5% of cancers in the US, with papillary carcinoma being the most common at 80% of cases.
- A 45-year-old female presented with a thyroid nodule that was found to be papillary carcinoma on biopsy. Near-total or total thyroidectomy is the recommended treatment.
- Her prognosis is favorable at ~90% 10-year survival given her diagnosis of papillary carcinoma and surgery. Ongoing monitoring is still recommended.
THYCER
1. Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy, with papillary thyroid cancer being the most common type.
2. Treatment involves surgical removal of part or all of the thyroid gland followed by radioactive iodine ablation and thyroid hormone suppression.
3. Follow up care involves monitoring of thyroid levels and imaging tests to check for recurrence or spread of cancer. Outcomes depend on cancer type, stage, and individual risk factors.
DrRobertFoxUtahSSF
1. New diagnostic criteria have been developed to clarify the diagnosis of Sjogren's syndrome and diminish confusion in clinical practice and research.
2. The diagnosis of Sjogren's syndrome can be challenging as minor salivary gland biopsies and ANA blood tests sometimes have variable or non-specific results.
3. While Sjogren's syndrome and SLE share some similarities, Sjogren's syndrome has distinct clinical manifestations and treatment considerations compared to SLE.
Sjögren's_syndrome~_Role_for_Cevimeline
1) The document discusses Sjogren's Syndrome, an autoimmune disease characterized by dry eyes and mouth, and evolving concepts for treating it based on pathogenesis involving lymphocytic infiltrates impairing salivary and lacrimal gland function rather than full destruction.
2) It explores using the muscarinic receptor agonist cevimeline to stimulate residual gland function by activating M1/M3 receptors, and insights from Sjogren's into related conditions involving dryness from cholinergic imbalances like multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's, and fibromyalgia.
More from Flavio Guzmán (20)
Recently uploaded
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptx
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptxHolistified Wellness
We’re talking about Vedic Meditation, a form of meditation that has been around for at least 5,000 years. Back then, the people who lived in the Indus Valley, now known as India and Pakistan, practised meditation as a fundamental part of daily life. This knowledge that has given us yoga and Ayurveda, was known as Veda, hence the name Vedic. And though there are some written records, the practice has been passed down verbally from generation to generation.Best Ayurvedic medicine for Gas and Indigestion
Here is the updated list of Top Best Ayurvedic medicine for Gas and Indigestion and those are Gas-O-Go Syp for Dyspepsia | Lavizyme Syrup for Acidity | Yumzyme Hepatoprotective Capsules etc
Part II - Body Grief: Losing parts of ourselves and our identity before, duri...
Learn about body grief and ways to cope with it. We will also explore methods to heal from this challenging experience.
Does Over-Masturbation Contribute to Chronic Prostatitis.pptx
In some case, your chronic prostatitis may be related to over-masturbation. Generally, natural medicine Diuretic and Anti-inflammatory Pill can help mee get a cure.
Phone Us ❤8107221448❤ #ℂall #gIRLS In Dehradun By Dehradun @ℂall @Girls Hotel...
Phone Us ❤8107221448❤ #ℂall #gIRLS In Dehradun By Dehradun @ℂall @Girls Hotel...chandankumarsmartiso
Phone Us ❤8107221448❤ #ℂall #gIRLS In Dehradun By Dehradun @ℂall @Girls Hotel With 100% Satisfaction
Efficacy of Avartana Sneha in Ayurveda
Avartana Sneha is a unique method of Preparation of Sneha Kalpana in Ayurveda, mainly it is indicated for the Vataja rogas.
Role of Mukta Pishti in the Management of Hyperthyroidism
Muktapishti is a traditional Ayurvedic preparation made from Shoditha Mukta (Purified Pearl), is believed to help regulate thyroid function and reduce symptoms of hyperthyroidism due to its cooling and balancing properties. Clinical evidence on its efficacy remains limited, necessitating further research to validate its therapeutic benefits.
The Electrocardiogram - Physiologic Principles
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
10. Define the mean QRS vector
11. Describe the axes of leads (hexagonal reference system)
12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
13. Determine the mean electrical axis of the ventricular QRS and appreciate the mean axis deviation
14. Explain the concepts of current of injury, J point, and their significance
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Light House Retreats: Plant Medicine Retreat Europe
Our aim is to organise conscious gatherings and retreats for open and inquisitive minds and souls, with and without the assistance of sacred plants.
#cALL# #gIRLS# In Dehradun ꧁❤8107221448❤꧂#cALL# #gIRLS# Service In Dehradun W...
#cALL# #gIRLS# In Dehradun ꧁❤8107221448❤꧂#cALL# #gIRLS# Service In Dehradun W...chandankumarsmartiso
#cALL# #gIRLS# In Dehradun ꧁❤8107221448❤꧂#cALL# #gIRLS# Service In Dehradun Women Seeking Service
Osteoporosis - Definition , Evaluation and Management .pdf
Osteoporosis is an increasing cause of morbidity among the elderly.
In this document , a brief outline of osteoporosis is given , including the risk factors of osteoporosis fractures , the indications for testing bone mineral density and the management of osteoporosis
Journal Article Review on Rasamanikya
Rasamanikya is a excellent preparation in the field of Rasashastra, it is used in various Kushtha Roga, Shwasa, Vicharchika, Bhagandara, Vatarakta, and Phiranga Roga. In this article Preparation& Comparative analytical profile for both Formulationon i.e Rasamanikya prepared by Kushmanda swarasa & Churnodhaka Shodita Haratala. The study aims to provide insights into the comparative efficacy and analytical aspects of these formulations for enhanced therapeutic outcomes.
Identification and nursing management of congenital malformations .pptx
Identification and nursing management of congenital malformations .pptxMGM SCHOOL/COLLEGE OF NURSING
Identification and nursing management of congenital malformations Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune Disease
There is increasing confidence that cell therapies will soon play a role in the treatment of autoimmune disorders, but the extent of this impact remains to be seen. Early readouts on autologous CAR-Ts in lupus are encouraging, but manufacturing and cost limitations are likely to restrict access to highly refractory patients. Allogeneic CAR-Ts have the potential to broaden access to earlier lines of treatment due to their inherent cost benefits, however they will need to demonstrate comparable or improved efficacy to established modalities.
In addition to infrastructure and capacity constraints, CAR-Ts face a very different risk-benefit dynamic in autoimmune compared to oncology, highlighting the need for tolerable therapies with low adverse event risk. CAR-NK and Treg-based therapies are also being developed in certain autoimmune disorders and may demonstrate favorable safety profiles. Several novel non-cell therapies such as bispecific antibodies, nanobodies, and RNAi drugs, may also offer future alternative competitive solutions with variable value propositions.
Widespread adoption of cell therapies will not only require strong efficacy and safety data, but also adapted pricing and access strategies. At oncology-based price points, CAR-Ts are unlikely to achieve broad market access in autoimmune disorders, with eligible patient populations that are potentially orders of magnitude greater than the number of currently addressable cancer patients. Developers have made strides towards reducing cell therapy COGS while improving manufacturing efficiency, but payors will inevitably restrict access until more sustainable pricing is achieved.
Despite these headwinds, industry leaders and investors remain confident that cell therapies are poised to address significant unmet need in patients suffering from autoimmune disorders. However, the extent of this impact on the treatment landscape remains to be seen, as the industry rapidly approaches an inflection point.
Histololgy of Female Reproductive System.pptx
Dive into an in-depth exploration of the histological structure of female reproductive system with this comprehensive lecture. Presented by Dr. Ayesha Irfan, Assistant Professor of Anatomy, this presentation covers the Gross anatomy and functional histology of the female reproductive organs. Ideal for students, educators, and anyone interested in medical science, this lecture provides clear explanations, detailed diagrams, and valuable insights into female reproductive system. Enhance your knowledge and understanding of this essential aspect of human biology.
Promoting Wellbeing - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotes
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
How STIs Influence the Development of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease.pptx
STIs may cause PID. For the both disease, herbal medicine Fuyan Pill can be a solution.
Recently uploaded (20)
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptx
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptx
Part II - Body Grief: Losing parts of ourselves and our identity before, duri...
Part II - Body Grief: Losing parts of ourselves and our identity before, duri...
Does Over-Masturbation Contribute to Chronic Prostatitis.pptx
Does Over-Masturbation Contribute to Chronic Prostatitis.pptx
Phone Us ❤8107221448❤ #ℂall #gIRLS In Dehradun By Dehradun @ℂall @Girls Hotel...
Phone Us ❤8107221448❤ #ℂall #gIRLS In Dehradun By Dehradun @ℂall @Girls Hotel...
Role of Mukta Pishti in the Management of Hyperthyroidism
Role of Mukta Pishti in the Management of Hyperthyroidism
Light House Retreats: Plant Medicine Retreat Europe
Light House Retreats: Plant Medicine Retreat Europe
#cALL# #gIRLS# In Dehradun ꧁❤8107221448❤꧂#cALL# #gIRLS# Service In Dehradun W...
#cALL# #gIRLS# In Dehradun ꧁❤8107221448❤꧂#cALL# #gIRLS# Service In Dehradun W...
Osteoporosis - Definition , Evaluation and Management .pdf
Osteoporosis - Definition , Evaluation and Management .pdf
Identification and nursing management of congenital malformations .pptx
Identification and nursing management of congenital malformations .pptx
Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune Disease
Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune Disease
Promoting Wellbeing - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotes
Promoting Wellbeing - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotes
How STIs Influence the Development of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease.pptx
How STIs Influence the Development of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease.pptx
Sjogren-Parotitis
- 1. Sialadenitis/Parotitis/Sjogren’s Vincent Steniger, D.M.D 4-17-08
- 12. Mumps
- 24. “ Crocodile Skin” Tongue, Carious Teeth
- 28. Tests and Studies: Serology 30 Cryoglobulins (type II) 60 Ro/SSA 80 Rheumatoid factors (Igs) 95 a-fodrin 30 La/SSB % positive Autoantibodies
- 33. Sjogren's Syndrome Algorithm for the diagnosis If positive Sjogren's Syndrome Dry mouth Dry eyes Salivary gland enlargement Raynaud’s phenomenon Purpura Renal tubular acidosis or or Eye & salivary gland tests Serology If any positive
- 37. Normal
- 38. Pathological
- 39. Sjogren’s Syndrome: Systemic Manifestations Skopouli et al., Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2000, 29:296 30 Raynaud’s phenomenon 60 Arthralgia/arthritis 10 (25) Lung involvement (increased liver enzymes) 15 (1) Purpura/Vasculitis 1 Muscle involvement 5 Liver involvement 8 (25) Kidney involvement (Interstitial Nephritis/Glomerulonephritis) Frequency (%) Systemic manifestations