Perspectives on the role of interpreter
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The document discusses the role of interpreters in translation. It makes three key points: 1. Interpreters must be bilingual and understand cultural differences to effectively translate between oral speeches and written texts for two clients. 2. Interpreters serve as the link between individuals with different statuses, backgrounds, and languages, putting them in a pivotal position that can influence group interactions. 3. Interpreters have obligations to multiple clients but their role is overloaded, as they are expected to translate faithfully while dealing with challenges like simultaneous speech, fatigue, and extemporaneous remarks.
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Perspectives on the role of interpreter
The document discusses the role and challenges of interpreters. It notes that interpreters must maintain rapport while translating conversations across cultural and social situations. They have a dual role as both producer and consumer of the interpretation. The interpreter's bilingualism depends on how they learned both languages, and identifying with speakers helps. However, the role is undefined as interpreters struggle to listen, analyze and translate simultaneously. Long exchanges also become stressful. Powerful interpreters could help by structuring turns and breaks. The interpreter has to remain nonpartisan but risks manipulating the message if selectively translating. Defining their role remains a challenge.
Presentación
The document discusses the role of interpreters, noting that they orally translate between languages while translators work with written texts. It outlines that interpreters must understand cultural knowledge and language types like colloquial or formal. Interpretation occurs in social situations involving at least three people, with the interpreter playing a pivotal role connecting the producer and consumer who would otherwise not understand each other. The role of interpreters is complex as they generally more easily understand languages than speak them, and must identify with and serve the interests of both clients impartially while providing more information than asked.
Perspectives on the role of interpreter
The document discusses the role of interpreters and some key differences between interpreting and translation. It notes that interpreters work with people directly, using their voice, while translators work in isolation using paper and pencil. Interpreters exert more influence through interaction and must be impartial intermediaries to effectively facilitate communication between monolingual clients. The role of interpreters is complex as they serve two clients simultaneously and can experience overload, fatigue, and selective translation due to controlling the interaction flow. Overall, interpreters must be fully bilingual and mediate communication impartially as powerful facilitators.
The Profession Of An Interpreter
Interpreters enable cross-cultural communication by converting one language to another while understanding concepts and ideas between languages. They must thoroughly understand subject matter to accurately translate information and be sensitive to associated cultures. Students can prepare by taking foreign language and computer courses, spending time abroad, engaging with foreign cultures, and extensive reading. Formal interpreting programs are available, but experience through internships or apprenticeships is also important for building skills. Interpreters must pay close attention, understand both languages clearly, and express thoughts accurately with strong research, analytical, and memory skills.
Ppt modes of interpreting
This document discusses four major modes of interpreting: simultaneous interpreting, consecutive interpreting, whispering interpreting, and relay interpreting. Simultaneous interpreting involves listening and speaking at the same time to convey sentences before the speaker finishes. Consecutive interpreting occurs after the speaker finishes, allowing time for note-taking. Whispering interpreting involves whispering to a small group nearby. Relay interpreting is used when there are multiple target languages, with interpreters relaying through a common language.
Lecture1
This document discusses the differences between interpreting and translation. Interpreting involves orally communicating the exact meaning and tone of a spoken message between languages, either simultaneously or consecutively. Interpreters must bridge cultural gaps without resources, while translators can research when working with written text. Effective interpreting requires linguistic and cultural knowledge, background information, language skills, and adherence to codes of ethics like impartiality and active listening.
Types and modes of interpretation
It´s a short homework about interpretation, its modes and types and some stuffs like that.
Es un pequeño trabajo sobre la interpretación, sus tecnicas y modalidades y algunas otras curiosidades sobre la misma.
A quick look at the interpreting study (chpt 1)
This document discusses various types of interpretation and provides definitions of key terms. It outlines 7 main types of interpretation: simultaneous interpretation, consecutive interpretation, guide/escort interpretation, sign language interpretation, sight interpretation, telephone interpretation, and whispered interpretation. It also defines translation versus interpretation, and describes translation terms like source language, target language, native language, fluent language, and working language. The document concludes by outlining elements of the code of ethics for interpreters, including accuracy, confidentiality, impartiality, knowledge, education, professionalism, discretion, and respect.
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Perspectives on the role of interpreter
The document discusses the role and challenges of interpreters. It notes that interpreters must maintain rapport while translating conversations across cultural and social situations. They have a dual role as both producer and consumer of the interpretation. The interpreter's bilingualism depends on how they learned both languages, and identifying with speakers helps. However, the role is undefined as interpreters struggle to listen, analyze and translate simultaneously. Long exchanges also become stressful. Powerful interpreters could help by structuring turns and breaks. The interpreter has to remain nonpartisan but risks manipulating the message if selectively translating. Defining their role remains a challenge.
Presentación
The document discusses the role of interpreters, noting that they orally translate between languages while translators work with written texts. It outlines that interpreters must understand cultural knowledge and language types like colloquial or formal. Interpretation occurs in social situations involving at least three people, with the interpreter playing a pivotal role connecting the producer and consumer who would otherwise not understand each other. The role of interpreters is complex as they generally more easily understand languages than speak them, and must identify with and serve the interests of both clients impartially while providing more information than asked.
Perspectives on the role of interpreter
The document discusses the role of interpreters and some key differences between interpreting and translation. It notes that interpreters work with people directly, using their voice, while translators work in isolation using paper and pencil. Interpreters exert more influence through interaction and must be impartial intermediaries to effectively facilitate communication between monolingual clients. The role of interpreters is complex as they serve two clients simultaneously and can experience overload, fatigue, and selective translation due to controlling the interaction flow. Overall, interpreters must be fully bilingual and mediate communication impartially as powerful facilitators.
The Profession Of An Interpreter
Interpreters enable cross-cultural communication by converting one language to another while understanding concepts and ideas between languages. They must thoroughly understand subject matter to accurately translate information and be sensitive to associated cultures. Students can prepare by taking foreign language and computer courses, spending time abroad, engaging with foreign cultures, and extensive reading. Formal interpreting programs are available, but experience through internships or apprenticeships is also important for building skills. Interpreters must pay close attention, understand both languages clearly, and express thoughts accurately with strong research, analytical, and memory skills.
Ppt modes of interpreting
This document discusses four major modes of interpreting: simultaneous interpreting, consecutive interpreting, whispering interpreting, and relay interpreting. Simultaneous interpreting involves listening and speaking at the same time to convey sentences before the speaker finishes. Consecutive interpreting occurs after the speaker finishes, allowing time for note-taking. Whispering interpreting involves whispering to a small group nearby. Relay interpreting is used when there are multiple target languages, with interpreters relaying through a common language.
Lecture1
This document discusses the differences between interpreting and translation. Interpreting involves orally communicating the exact meaning and tone of a spoken message between languages, either simultaneously or consecutively. Interpreters must bridge cultural gaps without resources, while translators can research when working with written text. Effective interpreting requires linguistic and cultural knowledge, background information, language skills, and adherence to codes of ethics like impartiality and active listening.
Types and modes of interpretation
It´s a short homework about interpretation, its modes and types and some stuffs like that.
Es un pequeño trabajo sobre la interpretación, sus tecnicas y modalidades y algunas otras curiosidades sobre la misma.
A quick look at the interpreting study (chpt 1)
This document discusses various types of interpretation and provides definitions of key terms. It outlines 7 main types of interpretation: simultaneous interpretation, consecutive interpretation, guide/escort interpretation, sign language interpretation, sight interpretation, telephone interpretation, and whispered interpretation. It also defines translation versus interpretation, and describes translation terms like source language, target language, native language, fluent language, and working language. The document concludes by outlining elements of the code of ethics for interpreters, including accuracy, confidentiality, impartiality, knowledge, education, professionalism, discretion, and respect.
TYPES OF INTERPRETING
Conference interpreting involves orally translating discussions between speakers of different languages, such as at international meetings. Conference interpreters must be fluent in multiple languages, have excellent memory and concentration, be able to understand complex topics quickly, and be comfortable traveling. Judicial interpreting involves translating legal documents and court proceedings. Escort interpreting provides simultaneous translation for small group meetings over extended periods of time, such as business trips. Public sector interpreting, also called community interpreting, translates in social services settings like healthcare, education, and local government. Sign language interpreting orally translates between speakers of sign languages and spoken languages. Medical interpreting specifically facilitates communication between medical professionals and patients who speak different languages.
Goldman Introduction to Nonverbal Communication
This document discusses nonverbal communication from five perspectives: defining nonverbal communication, classifying nonverbal behavior, nonverbal communication in the communication process, the history of nonverbal communication, and nonverbal communication in everyday life. Nonverbal communication includes behaviors beyond words that create shared meaning, and it is an omnipresent, multifunctional part of the communication process that interrelates with verbal communication. Nonverbal communication plays an important role in first impressions, occupations, and effective communication more broadly.
Presentation interpretation
This document provides an overview of translation and interpretation. It defines key terms like translation, interpretation, source language and target language. It distinguishes between simultaneous and consecutive interpretation and describes the skills required of translators and interpreters. The document also discusses different approaches to translation like word-for-word, sentence-level and conceptual translation. It emphasizes that translation requires understanding concepts and culture in addition to language.
Interpretation
This document discusses various aspects of interpretation, including:
1. What interpretation is, involving expressing a spoken message from one language to another simultaneously or consecutively.
2. Different levels of interpreter skills from minimal to master professional performance. The higher levels demonstrate greater accuracy, nuance, and ability to interpret complex spoken language.
3. The key difference between interpretation, which involves orally translating real-time spoken language, versus translation, which involves converting written text between languages with more time for accuracy.
4. The main modes of interpretation, including simultaneous, consecutive, whispered, relay, liaison and escort interpreting used in different contexts.
02 non verbal communication
Nonverbal communication conveys most of the meaning in interactions. It includes gestures, facial expressions, eye contact, posture, proxemics, paralanguage, and other cues. These cues are often ambiguous and culturally dependent, but are seen as more reliable than words. A good communicator ensures their nonverbal behavior aligns with and reinforces their verbal messages.
Types of interpreting
The document discusses different types of interpreting including:
1. Conference interpreting which involves oral translation of speeches between languages at international conferences.
2. Judicial interpreting which involves oral translation between languages in legal proceedings with the interpreter delivering the judge's statements and questions to the accused.
3. Healthcare interpreting which can include sight translation of basic health documents and interpreting over phone or video to serve patients with limited English proficiency.
4. Public sector interpreting which provides various translation and interpreting services like face to face, telephone, written, audio and large print/braille to public organizations.
Non verbal communication
This document discusses non-verbal communication (NVC), defining it as communication without words through facial expressions, gestures, body language, etc. It outlines the importance of NVC in expressing emotions, relationships, and personality. The types of NVC discussed include kinesics, proxemics, haptics, oculesics, and includes examples like eye contact, posture, physical appearance, and gestures. The document provides definitions and examples of different aspects of NVC.
Translation and Interpretation
Translation is converting written text from one language to another with the same meaning, while interpretation involves orally conveying meaning between languages in real time. There are various translation methods like word-for-word, semantic, and idiomatic, and interpretation modalities like simultaneous, consecutive, and whispered. Interpretation can also be relay, liaison, on-site, via telephone, or through video technology.
Interpreting and Audiovisual Translation
Interpreting involves facilitating oral or sign language communication between speakers of different languages, either simultaneously or consecutively. Interpreting refers to the process while interpretation refers to the product. An interpreter converts thoughts or expressions from one language to another with comparable meaning. There are several modes of interpreting including consecutive, simultaneous, whisper, liaison, and relay. Audiovisual interpreting can involve voice over, dubbing, sign language, subtitling and captioning. Translation differs from interpreting in that it involves written conversion of meaning from one written text to another, while interpreting is an oral exchange.
Communication skills
This document discusses different aspects of non-verbal communication. It defines non-verbal communication as transmitting information without words through body language, gestures, facial expressions, eye contact, posture, physical space and time. It describes several components of non-verbal communication including kinesics (body movement), proxemics (perception of space), chronemics (time usage), haptics (touch), oculesics (eye contact), and paralanguage (vocal cues). Specific examples are provided for each such as handshakes, eye contact, physical distance between people, speed of speech. Non-verbal communication allows people to express emotions, attitudes and views without using words.
translation and interpretation
Translation deals with written text, transforming the source text into an equivalent target text, while interpretation involves giving understanding through spoken language so the meaning can be easily understood by listeners. Interpretation occurs in real time through in-person, phone, or video services, whereas translation involves the written word and typically takes more time after a text is created. While translators have time to evaluate and revise for accuracy, interpreters aim to be completely accurate but may omit some details, as they interpret live conversations without reference materials.
Translation vs. Interpretation
This document provides an introduction to translation and interpretation. It defines key terms like translation, interpretation, source language and target language. It distinguishes between translation and interpretation, noting that translation involves written text while interpretation can be simultaneous or consecutive. It also outlines some of the necessary skills, fields of specialization, challenges and rewards of working as a translator or interpreter. The document concludes by discussing requirements for training and contact information for further information.
Non-Verbal Communication
Assignment submitted by students of 5EEE of batch 2012-16,Amity University.
Members:
Aakash Kumar - A2324612060
Brian H. Francis - A2324612024
Srikant Parasar - A2324612007
Prateek Singh - A2324612050
Paralinguistics
This document discusses paralinguistics, which is the study of non-verbal elements of speech. It defines paralinguistics and lists its key components: volume, speed of voice, intonation, tone, pronunciation, articulation, pause, and punctuation marks. For each component, it provides a brief explanation of how it is used and perceived in communication. The document suggests that paralinguistics conveys meaning beyond the words themselves and that understanding paralinguistics can help improve communication effectiveness and understand others better. It concludes by attributing more meaning to how something is said rather than just the words.
Interpretation vs. translation
The document compares and contrasts interpretation and translation. It states that interpretation involves transferring meaning between spoken languages in real time, either in person or remotely, while translation transfers meaning between written languages and can be done after the fact. Interpreters aim for accuracy but may omit some details in live conversation, while translators have time to evaluate and revise for greater accuracy. Interpreters must be fluent in both the source and target languages to work in both directions simultaneously without references, whereas translators typically only work from their native language. Both roles involve making cultural references understandable, but interpreters must also convey tone, voice, and other intangible elements of speech.
Non verbal communication
Non-verbal communication refers to communicating through wordless messages and body language rather than spoken words. It makes up 65% of daily communication and is a powerful way to express emotions and create impressions. There are several types of non-verbal communication including eye contact, facial expressions, body language, gestures, touch, appearance, voice, and visual signals. Non-verbal cues help convey much through body actions without using words.
Dimensions of voice and paralinguistic features
The document discusses paralanguage as a component of nonverbal communication. Paralanguage includes intentional and unintentional nonverbal messages that accompany speech, such as tone of voice, pitch, speed, and pauses. It affects the true meaning of what is said. Nonverbal communication can be studied to understand how emotions are conveyed and how it relates to verbal communication. However, nonverbal cues can also be ambiguous and depend on culture. The document outlines some characteristics of paralanguage like quality, volume, and articulation of speech. It also discusses dimensions of voice like resonance, relaxation, rhythm and pacing that impact tone of voice.
Communicationskills
The document provides an overview of non-verbal communication. It discusses several types of non-verbal communication including kinesics (body language), oculesics (eye contact), haptics (touch), proxemics (personal space), appearance, voice and tone, chronemics (use of time), sign language, and the importance of silence. It provides examples for each type and discusses how non-verbal cues convey important messages beyond words in communication.
Non verbal communication
This document discusses nonverbal communication and its importance. It defines nonverbal communication as communication without words through signs, symbols, and behaviors. Some key points made include:
- Verbal communication accounts for about 35% of daily interactions while nonverbal makes up 65%.
- Nonverbal communication such as eye contact, facial expressions, posture, gestures, touch, space, and time are more powerful ways to express emotions and create impressions than words.
- Nonverbal communication norms vary across cultures and regions, so it is important to be aware of cultural differences in behaviors like physical contact, greetings, and personal space.
- Nonverbal communication must be understood in context, as some behaviors like the "Chicken
3LEA Intro to interpreting
This document provides an introduction and overview of an interpreting class. It discusses different types of interpreting, including consecutive, simultaneous, and liaison interpreting. It also discusses sight translation, which involves orally translating a written text. The class will involve sight translation and consecutive interpreting activities from English to French and vice versa. Students will complete individual oral translations both in class and as recordings, and evaluations will include individual translations and an in-class test.
Interpreters
The document discusses the role and challenges of interpreters and translators. It notes that interpreters must work with at least three people, understand cultural differences, and be bilingual. The interpreter mediates communication between monolingual speakers of different languages. Their role is complex, as they are expected to be neutral but have power over the interaction by choosing what to translate. Maintaining impartiality while translating all content fully and accurately is difficult. The interpreter's role is pivotal in allowing intercultural communication.
Perspectivas
The document discusses the role of interpreters in translation. It notes that translation occurs in social situations involving at least three people: a producer, interpreter, and consumer. The role of the interpreter is pivotal as they enable communication between monolingual individuals. An interpreter owes competence in two languages - their native language and the foreign language being interpreted. As a bilingual individual in the middle of two clients, interpreters can experience ambiguities from conflicting expectations and mental fatigue. They also wield a degree of power over the interaction due to their ability to selectively translate or withhold parts of the discussion.
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TYPES OF INTERPRETING
Conference interpreting involves orally translating discussions between speakers of different languages, such as at international meetings. Conference interpreters must be fluent in multiple languages, have excellent memory and concentration, be able to understand complex topics quickly, and be comfortable traveling. Judicial interpreting involves translating legal documents and court proceedings. Escort interpreting provides simultaneous translation for small group meetings over extended periods of time, such as business trips. Public sector interpreting, also called community interpreting, translates in social services settings like healthcare, education, and local government. Sign language interpreting orally translates between speakers of sign languages and spoken languages. Medical interpreting specifically facilitates communication between medical professionals and patients who speak different languages.
Goldman Introduction to Nonverbal Communication
This document discusses nonverbal communication from five perspectives: defining nonverbal communication, classifying nonverbal behavior, nonverbal communication in the communication process, the history of nonverbal communication, and nonverbal communication in everyday life. Nonverbal communication includes behaviors beyond words that create shared meaning, and it is an omnipresent, multifunctional part of the communication process that interrelates with verbal communication. Nonverbal communication plays an important role in first impressions, occupations, and effective communication more broadly.
Presentation interpretation
This document provides an overview of translation and interpretation. It defines key terms like translation, interpretation, source language and target language. It distinguishes between simultaneous and consecutive interpretation and describes the skills required of translators and interpreters. The document also discusses different approaches to translation like word-for-word, sentence-level and conceptual translation. It emphasizes that translation requires understanding concepts and culture in addition to language.
Interpretation
This document discusses various aspects of interpretation, including:
1. What interpretation is, involving expressing a spoken message from one language to another simultaneously or consecutively.
2. Different levels of interpreter skills from minimal to master professional performance. The higher levels demonstrate greater accuracy, nuance, and ability to interpret complex spoken language.
3. The key difference between interpretation, which involves orally translating real-time spoken language, versus translation, which involves converting written text between languages with more time for accuracy.
4. The main modes of interpretation, including simultaneous, consecutive, whispered, relay, liaison and escort interpreting used in different contexts.
02 non verbal communication
Nonverbal communication conveys most of the meaning in interactions. It includes gestures, facial expressions, eye contact, posture, proxemics, paralanguage, and other cues. These cues are often ambiguous and culturally dependent, but are seen as more reliable than words. A good communicator ensures their nonverbal behavior aligns with and reinforces their verbal messages.
Types of interpreting
The document discusses different types of interpreting including:
1. Conference interpreting which involves oral translation of speeches between languages at international conferences.
2. Judicial interpreting which involves oral translation between languages in legal proceedings with the interpreter delivering the judge's statements and questions to the accused.
3. Healthcare interpreting which can include sight translation of basic health documents and interpreting over phone or video to serve patients with limited English proficiency.
4. Public sector interpreting which provides various translation and interpreting services like face to face, telephone, written, audio and large print/braille to public organizations.
Non verbal communication
This document discusses non-verbal communication (NVC), defining it as communication without words through facial expressions, gestures, body language, etc. It outlines the importance of NVC in expressing emotions, relationships, and personality. The types of NVC discussed include kinesics, proxemics, haptics, oculesics, and includes examples like eye contact, posture, physical appearance, and gestures. The document provides definitions and examples of different aspects of NVC.
Translation and Interpretation
Translation is converting written text from one language to another with the same meaning, while interpretation involves orally conveying meaning between languages in real time. There are various translation methods like word-for-word, semantic, and idiomatic, and interpretation modalities like simultaneous, consecutive, and whispered. Interpretation can also be relay, liaison, on-site, via telephone, or through video technology.
Interpreting and Audiovisual Translation
Interpreting involves facilitating oral or sign language communication between speakers of different languages, either simultaneously or consecutively. Interpreting refers to the process while interpretation refers to the product. An interpreter converts thoughts or expressions from one language to another with comparable meaning. There are several modes of interpreting including consecutive, simultaneous, whisper, liaison, and relay. Audiovisual interpreting can involve voice over, dubbing, sign language, subtitling and captioning. Translation differs from interpreting in that it involves written conversion of meaning from one written text to another, while interpreting is an oral exchange.
Communication skills
This document discusses different aspects of non-verbal communication. It defines non-verbal communication as transmitting information without words through body language, gestures, facial expressions, eye contact, posture, physical space and time. It describes several components of non-verbal communication including kinesics (body movement), proxemics (perception of space), chronemics (time usage), haptics (touch), oculesics (eye contact), and paralanguage (vocal cues). Specific examples are provided for each such as handshakes, eye contact, physical distance between people, speed of speech. Non-verbal communication allows people to express emotions, attitudes and views without using words.
translation and interpretation
Translation deals with written text, transforming the source text into an equivalent target text, while interpretation involves giving understanding through spoken language so the meaning can be easily understood by listeners. Interpretation occurs in real time through in-person, phone, or video services, whereas translation involves the written word and typically takes more time after a text is created. While translators have time to evaluate and revise for accuracy, interpreters aim to be completely accurate but may omit some details, as they interpret live conversations without reference materials.
Translation vs. Interpretation
This document provides an introduction to translation and interpretation. It defines key terms like translation, interpretation, source language and target language. It distinguishes between translation and interpretation, noting that translation involves written text while interpretation can be simultaneous or consecutive. It also outlines some of the necessary skills, fields of specialization, challenges and rewards of working as a translator or interpreter. The document concludes by discussing requirements for training and contact information for further information.
Non-Verbal Communication
Assignment submitted by students of 5EEE of batch 2012-16,Amity University.
Members:
Aakash Kumar - A2324612060
Brian H. Francis - A2324612024
Srikant Parasar - A2324612007
Prateek Singh - A2324612050
Paralinguistics
This document discusses paralinguistics, which is the study of non-verbal elements of speech. It defines paralinguistics and lists its key components: volume, speed of voice, intonation, tone, pronunciation, articulation, pause, and punctuation marks. For each component, it provides a brief explanation of how it is used and perceived in communication. The document suggests that paralinguistics conveys meaning beyond the words themselves and that understanding paralinguistics can help improve communication effectiveness and understand others better. It concludes by attributing more meaning to how something is said rather than just the words.
Interpretation vs. translation
The document compares and contrasts interpretation and translation. It states that interpretation involves transferring meaning between spoken languages in real time, either in person or remotely, while translation transfers meaning between written languages and can be done after the fact. Interpreters aim for accuracy but may omit some details in live conversation, while translators have time to evaluate and revise for greater accuracy. Interpreters must be fluent in both the source and target languages to work in both directions simultaneously without references, whereas translators typically only work from their native language. Both roles involve making cultural references understandable, but interpreters must also convey tone, voice, and other intangible elements of speech.
Non verbal communication
Non-verbal communication refers to communicating through wordless messages and body language rather than spoken words. It makes up 65% of daily communication and is a powerful way to express emotions and create impressions. There are several types of non-verbal communication including eye contact, facial expressions, body language, gestures, touch, appearance, voice, and visual signals. Non-verbal cues help convey much through body actions without using words.
Dimensions of voice and paralinguistic features
The document discusses paralanguage as a component of nonverbal communication. Paralanguage includes intentional and unintentional nonverbal messages that accompany speech, such as tone of voice, pitch, speed, and pauses. It affects the true meaning of what is said. Nonverbal communication can be studied to understand how emotions are conveyed and how it relates to verbal communication. However, nonverbal cues can also be ambiguous and depend on culture. The document outlines some characteristics of paralanguage like quality, volume, and articulation of speech. It also discusses dimensions of voice like resonance, relaxation, rhythm and pacing that impact tone of voice.
Communicationskills
The document provides an overview of non-verbal communication. It discusses several types of non-verbal communication including kinesics (body language), oculesics (eye contact), haptics (touch), proxemics (personal space), appearance, voice and tone, chronemics (use of time), sign language, and the importance of silence. It provides examples for each type and discusses how non-verbal cues convey important messages beyond words in communication.
Non verbal communication
This document discusses nonverbal communication and its importance. It defines nonverbal communication as communication without words through signs, symbols, and behaviors. Some key points made include:
- Verbal communication accounts for about 35% of daily interactions while nonverbal makes up 65%.
- Nonverbal communication such as eye contact, facial expressions, posture, gestures, touch, space, and time are more powerful ways to express emotions and create impressions than words.
- Nonverbal communication norms vary across cultures and regions, so it is important to be aware of cultural differences in behaviors like physical contact, greetings, and personal space.
- Nonverbal communication must be understood in context, as some behaviors like the "Chicken
3LEA Intro to interpreting
This document provides an introduction and overview of an interpreting class. It discusses different types of interpreting, including consecutive, simultaneous, and liaison interpreting. It also discusses sight translation, which involves orally translating a written text. The class will involve sight translation and consecutive interpreting activities from English to French and vice versa. Students will complete individual oral translations both in class and as recordings, and evaluations will include individual translations and an in-class test.
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The document discusses the role and challenges of interpreters and translators. It notes that interpreters must work with at least three people, understand cultural differences, and be bilingual. The interpreter mediates communication between monolingual speakers of different languages. Their role is complex, as they are expected to be neutral but have power over the interaction by choosing what to translate. Maintaining impartiality while translating all content fully and accurately is difficult. The interpreter's role is pivotal in allowing intercultural communication.
Perspectivas
The document discusses the role of interpreters in translation. It notes that translation occurs in social situations involving at least three people: a producer, interpreter, and consumer. The role of the interpreter is pivotal as they enable communication between monolingual individuals. An interpreter owes competence in two languages - their native language and the foreign language being interpreted. As a bilingual individual in the middle of two clients, interpreters can experience ambiguities from conflicting expectations and mental fatigue. They also wield a degree of power over the interaction due to their ability to selectively translate or withhold parts of the discussion.
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Foreign Language Teaching Methods: Some Issues And New Moves
Fernando Cerezal Sierra Universidad de Alcalá
This article deals with the differences between approaches, methods and techniques, as well as the three major issues which are recurrent! in FLT. Then, the main characteristics, the psychological bases and the pedagogical features of the principal FLT methods are considered chronologically, presenting the contributions and imitations of the different approaches and methods
Methods have advantages and disadvantages
Grammar-Translation Method
The Grammar-Translation Method focuses on the teaching of the foreign language grammar through the presentation of rules together with some exceptions and lists of vocabulary translated into the mother tongue. Translation is considered its most important classroom activity. The main procedure of an ordinary lesson followed this plan: a presentation of a grammatical rule, followed by a list of vocabulary and, finally, translation exercises from selected texts
Disadvantages of the Grammar-Translation Method
Translations are often unsatisfactory as they are done word by word.
Perspectives on the role of interpreter
The document discusses some of the key differences and challenges between translating and interpreting. It notes that interpreters must work in social situations with both clients simultaneously and keep the communication flowing, while translators can work alone using paper and pencil. Effective interpreting requires cultural and linguistic knowledge as well as strong social skills to interact with people of varying statuses using a single shared language.
Translation vs. Interpretation
This document provides an introduction to translation and interpretation. It defines key terms like translation, interpretation, source language and target language. It distinguishes between translation and interpretation, noting that translation involves written text while interpretation can be simultaneous or consecutive. It outlines the skills, qualities and training needed for those careers. It also discusses approaches to translation and the differences between translation and interpretation as professions.
Bilinguals and Bilingualism
This document discusses different types of bilingualism and bilingual speakers. It defines bilingualism as using two languages, not necessarily with equal proficiency. There are several types of bilingual acquisition depending on factors like the languages of the parents and community. The document also discusses concepts like early vs late bilinguals, balanced vs dominant bilinguals, simultaneous vs sequential bilinguals, additive vs subtractive bilingualism, elite vs folk bilinguals, and code switching vs code mixing. Key aspects of a bilingual speaker include when they learned their languages, the opportunities and contexts in which they use each language, and their relative proficiency in the different languages.
perspectives on the role of interpreter
The document discusses the role of interpreters and some of the challenges they face. It notes that interpreters work with multiple people simultaneously and must interpret conversations instantly, using their voice as their tool. This can lead to issues like fatigue and difficulty interpreting when clients speak over each other or too quickly. Additionally, as the intermediary between clients who speak different languages, interpreters hold power over the interaction and communication, so they must remain neutral and impartial. Overall, the document emphasizes that interpreters require strong bilingual and bicultural skills to effectively facilitate communication between monolingual clients.
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Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
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Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
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Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
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Perspectives on the role of interpreter
- 1. PERSPECTIVES ON THE ROLE OF INTERPRETER
- 2. Translation Interpretation • Methodological issues • Methodological issues • Cultural knowledge • Cultural knowledge • Written texts • Oral speech • Works for two clients too A writer and reader. • The interpreter commonly serves two clients • He exerts considerable influence on the evolution of group structure.
- 3. Translation Interpretation • He works with different statuses and background with a single –language community • He is »the man in the middle» (positive and negative consequences) • He has obligations to both (2 clients) • He role is overload He acts as «faithful echo
- 5. Basic elements of translation situations • Social situations it involving interaction among at least three persons. • He works for two actors ( producer and consumer) are roles adopted interchangeably • He is pivotal.
- 6. Roles of the interpreter and some hypotheses about his behavior • He must be bilingual • He have to deal with the nature and types de bilingualism. • Most of bilinguals learn his «mother tongue» in childhood.
- 7. For the interpreter dominance linguistic has 2 consecuences. • First ,it si easier undrestand a language than to speak it with it this is the reason why, he wiil have more succes that when he is traslating from it. • Second ,He will identify with monolingual speaker of the dominant language .
- 8. The interpreter position is also characterized by role overlod. • He is also frecuently expected to do more than is objectivebly posible. • If too many peoples are talking at the same time ,the interpreter can´t translate what they say. • The activity of traslating may cause fatigue and maental strain • When client talks extemporaneously , it may be a problem for the interpreter
- 9. conclusions 1. The interpreter have to be bilingual so he´ll have success in his traslationes. 2. The interpreter is very important, he aid to communicate people who speak different languages and different statuses. 3. He exerts influence on the interaction of a group.