This document provides information about output devices used in computing. It discusses softcopy and hardcopy output types. For softcopy, it describes computer monitors and factors that affect screen clarity like resolution, color depth, and refresh rate. It also discusses LCD and LED display technologies. For hardcopy, it describes different printer types like inkjet, laser, and dot matrix printers. It provides details on audio, video, and multimedia output devices.

1. Course:
MAM SADAF
MBA 1st
Semester
Class:
Course instructor:

2. Out Put Devices

3. 1. Mirza Sajid Mahmood
2. Haris Javed

5. Any peripheral that presents output from the computer, such
as a screen or printer
OUTPUT HARDWARE:
Types of Output:
There are two types of Output that are mentioned below
1. Softcopy
2. Hardcopy
1. Softcopy:
Softcopy is data that is shown on a display
screen or in audio or voice form; it exists only
electronically.
This kind of output not tangible.

6. 2. Hardcopy:
Hardcopy is printed output
i.e. Printouts (Text or graphics) from Printers
Hardcopy’s are tangible
Traditional Softcopy output:
Display Screens (Monitor)
Display screens also variously called monitors or simply
screens are output devices that show programming
instructions and data
•Computer screen is measured by diagonally from
corner to corner in inches
• Monitors are available in size 14 to 24 inches
• For Laptop screen size are 12 to 17 inches

7. Viewable Image Size (VIS):
Computer ads state the actual display area are called
Viewable image size (VIS)
•VIS in 15 inch monitor may have 13.8 inch
• VIS in 17 inch monitor may have 16 inch
Factors affecting Screen clarity (Features):
Factors affecting screen clarity are mentioned below
1. Dot Pitch
2. Resolution
3. Color Depth
4. Refresh Rate
These relate to the individual dots on screen is known as
pixels, which represent the images on screen

8. Pixels:
A pixel for “picture element” is the
Smallest unit on the screen that can be
turned on and off or made different shades
Pixels are tiny squares not circle
1. Dot Pitch (dp)
Dot Pitch is the amount of space between the Centers of
adjacent pixels
pixels
Dot Pitch
2. Resolution:
Resolution refers to image sharpness of the display
Screen; the more pixels, or dots, there are per square inch, the
finer the level of detail.

9. Resolution clarity is measured by formula
(Horizontal row Pixels) x (Vertical row Pixels)
For example: 1024 x 768 screen display ( 1024 pixels in 768
lines total 786,432 pixels)
3. Color Depth:
4. Refresh Rate:
Refresh rate is the number of times per second that the pixels
are recharged so that their glow remains bright
General Display Refreshed 56-120 times per second
General Display Refreshed 70-87 Hertz
Color depth or bit depth is the amount of information
expressed in bits, that is stored in a dots
24 bit color depth mean each primary color (Red,
Green & Blue)

10. Types of Monitor:
There are two types of monitor or display screen
1. Cathode-Ray tube or CRTs:
1. CRTs
2. Flat Penal
It is a vacuumed tube used as a display screen in a
computer or video display terminal
2. Flat Penal:
They are made up of two plates of glass separated
by a layer of a substance in which light is manipulated
There are two types of flat penal technologies
A. Liquid Crystal display (LCD)
B. Organic Light Emitting Diodes (oLED)

11. A. Liquid Crystal Display:
LCD, in which molecules of liquid crystal line
up in a way that alters their optical properties,
creating images on screen by transmitting or blocking
out light
organic light-emitting diode,
a display device that
sandwiches carbon-based
films between two charged
electrodes, one a metallic
cathode and one a
transparent anode, usually
being glass
B. Organic Light Emitting Diodes:

12. 3. Ultra Extended Graphics Array(UXGA)
4. Quantum Extended Graphic Array(QXGA)
5. Wide aspect Extended Graphics Array(WXGA)
1. Extended Graphics Array:
XGA has a resolution up to 1024*768 pixels with
65536 possible colors. Its used in 15” & 17" CRT
monitors.
Resolution Standard for Monitor
The picture quality of a display screen is known as
resolution
1. Extended graphics Array(XGA)
2. Super Extended Graphics Array (SXGA)

13. 2. Super Extended Graphics Array:
It has a resolution up to 1280*1024 pixels. Its used
in 15" LCD
3. Ultra Extended Graphics Array:
It has a resolution up to 1600*1200 pixels
and support up to 16.8 million colors. Its
used with 1280*1024 15” &17” CRT
monitors and 17 & 19” LCD
It has a resolution up to 2048*1536 pixels. Its used
in large LCD screens for computer users to view
extreme detail in advancer graphics
4. Quantum Extended Graphics Array:

14. 5. Wide Aspect Extended Graphics Array:
It has a resolution up to 1366*768 and WUXGA
1920*1200 its used in HDTV’s and HD movies with
wide screen note book computers

16. Printers
Its an output device that prints characters, symbols, and perhaps graphics on paper or
on another hardcopy medium.
Kinds of printers
 Impact printers
An impact printer forms characters or images by striking a
mechanism such as a print hammer or wheel against an inked
ribbon leaving an image on paper.
Nonimpact printers
It forms characters and images without direct physical contact
 between the printing mechanism and paper.

17. Types of Impact printers
Dot matrix
These printers print each character as a pattern of dots. They
produce a draft quality a coarser looking 72 dpi or near latter
quality(NLQ) a crisper looking 240 dpi.
Daisy wheel
Also known as letter quality use a printwheel font. Each
wheel has a character embossed on it. The speed normally
ranges 10-50 characters per second.
Line printer
They are most medium and large computers with a speed
ranging from 300 lines to 2500 lines per minute. The output
efficiency can be increased with multiple part papers
(carbon papers) for more than one copy.

18. Types of Nonimpact printers
Laser printer
It creates images with dots. However as enough as in a
photocopy machine these images are produced on a drum
treated with a magnetically charged ink like toner(powder) and
then transferred from drum to paper. They are also called page printers.
Inkjet printers
They spray on the paper small electrically charged droplets on
ink from four nozzles through holes in a matrix at high speed.
Thermal printers
They are low to medium resolution printers that use a type of
coated paper that darkens when heat is applied to it.

19. Other types of printers
Photo Printer
They are specialized machines for printing continuous tone
( typically 3*5” & 4*6”).
Plotters
They are a specialized output device designed to produce
large high quality graphics in a verity of colors.
Multifunction printer
Multi functions printers combine several capabilities such
as printing, scanning, copying and faxing.
Specialty Printer
They are special purpose printers for specific tasks like
printing tickets, labels etc

20. Audio & Video output devices
Audio output device
Audio output devices produce digitized sounds ranging
from bits and chirps to music.
Voice output device
Voice output device converts digital data into speech like
sound
Video output device
Video consists of photographic images which are played at
15-19 frames per second to give the appearance of full motion.
Video Conferencing
People in different geographic locations can have a
meeting, can see and hear one another using computers
and communications.