This document discusses various types of computer output devices. It describes monitors/displays, printers, plotters, speakers/headphones, and multimedia projectors. For monitors, it covers CRT, LCD, plasma, and touch screen monitors. For printers, it discusses impact printers like dot matrix and daisy wheel, and non-impact printers like inkjet, laser, thermal, photo, and mobile printers. Plotters are used to produce high-quality color graphics. Speakers and headphones provide audio output, while projectors are used to project computer displays onto screens for presentations.
This document provides an introduction to computers and their components. It defines a computer as an electronic device that takes input, processes it, and produces output. The three main parts of a computer are identified as input, output, and processing. Input devices are then described in detail, including keyboards, pointing devices like mice and trackballs, biometric devices, microphones, digital cameras, and scanners. Common input devices are explained along with their purposes.
what is computer mouse? Mouse is an input device. Parts of a mouse, uses and different types of mouse actions. Different types of mouse click are left click, right click, double click and dragging. Parts of mouse include left button, right button and scroll wheel.
This document discusses different types of system software. It defines system software as software that operates computer hardware and provides a platform for running application software. It describes operating systems, system languages including low-level languages like machine language and assembly language and high-level languages. It also discusses translators like compilers and interpreters, loaders, linkers, and system utility software which help analyze, configure, optimize and maintain the computer.
What is Computer Hardware and Software :: Computer Hardware is defined as the physical part or component of computer system which can be feel, seen and touched. Computer monitor which we use to view the display is a Hardware Device, A printer which we use to Produce ouputs,a computer memory which is used to store data or programs all are the types of hardware used in computer system for better functionality of computers.
Computer software can be defined as a set of instructions or collection of programs which are designed and developed to perform specific tasks. IT professionals develop customized programs which can be used in certain areas of our day to day life .These types of software or programs are very helpful and can reduce human efforts immensely.
Input devices such as keyboards, mice, and scanners allow users to enter data into a computer. Common input devices include keyboards for text entry, mice for navigation, and scanners for digitizing images and documents. Output devices like monitors, printers, and speakers allow users to see, hear, and physically output the computer's processed data. Monitors are either CRT or LCD and are described by their screen size, resolution, and refresh rate. Printers include inkjet, laser, and multifunction printers and produce physical copies of digital documents.
The document discusses the differences between software and hardware for personal computers. It defines software as the programs and electronic instructions that tell the hardware how to perform tasks, while hardware refers to the physical electronic components inside the computer case. It provides examples of both software and hardware components. Input devices like keyboards, mice, and touchscreens allow users to provide information to the computer. Output devices like monitors, audio, and printers allow the computer to provide information to users. The hardware and software work together, with software giving the hardware instructions to perform tasks.
An output device is computer hardware that uses received data and commands from a computer in order to perform a task.
Any peripheral that receives data from a computer, usually for display, projection, or physical reproduction.
Computer hardware equipment used to communicate the results of data processing carried out by a computer to the outside world.
This document provides an introduction to computers and their components. It defines a computer as an electronic device that takes input, processes it, and produces output. The three main parts of a computer are identified as input, output, and processing. Input devices are then described in detail, including keyboards, pointing devices like mice and trackballs, biometric devices, microphones, digital cameras, and scanners. Common input devices are explained along with their purposes.
what is computer mouse? Mouse is an input device. Parts of a mouse, uses and different types of mouse actions. Different types of mouse click are left click, right click, double click and dragging. Parts of mouse include left button, right button and scroll wheel.
This document discusses different types of system software. It defines system software as software that operates computer hardware and provides a platform for running application software. It describes operating systems, system languages including low-level languages like machine language and assembly language and high-level languages. It also discusses translators like compilers and interpreters, loaders, linkers, and system utility software which help analyze, configure, optimize and maintain the computer.
What is Computer Hardware and Software :: Computer Hardware is defined as the physical part or component of computer system which can be feel, seen and touched. Computer monitor which we use to view the display is a Hardware Device, A printer which we use to Produce ouputs,a computer memory which is used to store data or programs all are the types of hardware used in computer system for better functionality of computers.
Computer software can be defined as a set of instructions or collection of programs which are designed and developed to perform specific tasks. IT professionals develop customized programs which can be used in certain areas of our day to day life .These types of software or programs are very helpful and can reduce human efforts immensely.
Input devices such as keyboards, mice, and scanners allow users to enter data into a computer. Common input devices include keyboards for text entry, mice for navigation, and scanners for digitizing images and documents. Output devices like monitors, printers, and speakers allow users to see, hear, and physically output the computer's processed data. Monitors are either CRT or LCD and are described by their screen size, resolution, and refresh rate. Printers include inkjet, laser, and multifunction printers and produce physical copies of digital documents.
The document discusses the differences between software and hardware for personal computers. It defines software as the programs and electronic instructions that tell the hardware how to perform tasks, while hardware refers to the physical electronic components inside the computer case. It provides examples of both software and hardware components. Input devices like keyboards, mice, and touchscreens allow users to provide information to the computer. Output devices like monitors, audio, and printers allow the computer to provide information to users. The hardware and software work together, with software giving the hardware instructions to perform tasks.
An output device is computer hardware that uses received data and commands from a computer in order to perform a task.
Any peripheral that receives data from a computer, usually for display, projection, or physical reproduction.
Computer hardware equipment used to communicate the results of data processing carried out by a computer to the outside world.
Computer is an electronic device that processes data according to programmed instructions. It has hardware components that can be seen like input devices to enter data, output devices to display processed information, processing devices to execute instructions on data, and storage devices to store data. It also uses software programs installed on the hardware to perform specific tasks, including system software to manage the hardware, application software to perform user-oriented tasks, and utility software provided by vendors to perform common functions.
Lecture-1: Introduction to Computer - Basic Definitions & Concepts- Computer ...Mubashir Ali
This document provides an overview of key topics covered in an introductory lecture on computers including:
- Classifications of assignments, quizzes, projects and exams and the grading policy.
- An overview of the components of a computer including input/output devices, storage, and the system unit.
- Advantages and disadvantages of using computers such as speed, storage, health risks, and privacy concerns.
- An introduction to computer software including system software, application software, and programming.
- Different categories of computers including personal computers, mobile devices, servers, mainframes and embedded systems.
The document discusses how computers process data. It explains that data are raw facts while information is meaningful data. Computers represent data using binary numbers for simplicity and accuracy. The CPU, which contains a control unit and arithmetic logic unit, processes data. The control unit directs data flow while the ALU performs calculations. RAM and ROM are types of memory that differ in volatility and speed of access. Processor speed and number of transistors impact processing speed. Major CPU manufacturers include Intel, Motorola, and AMD.
This document defines and compares different types of software licensing and distribution models:
- Retail software is sold in stores with packaging and manuals, making it generally more expensive than downloadable versions.
- OEM software is sold by manufacturers to be pre-installed on hardware systems at a reduced price without retail packaging.
- Shareware and freemium allow limited use for free as a trial with options to purchase a full license.
- Adware and spyware are usually free but collect user data or show ads without fully disclosing this in the license agreement.
This document discusses various input and output devices used with computers. It describes common input devices like the mouse, keyboard, joystick, scanner, and barcode reader which are used to enter data and instructions into a computer. It then explains key output devices such as computer monitors, printers in different types like dot matrix, inkjet and laser, plotters which produce drawings, and microfilm/microfiche which store large amounts of data on film.
This document provides an overview of computer software. It begins by defining software as computer instructions or data that can be stored electronically, in contrast to hardware which refers to physical devices. It then discusses the relationship between hardware and software, noting that both are necessary for a computer to function and that software refers to programs written in a language understood by computers. The document goes on to describe the two major types of software - system software, which acts as an interface between hardware and applications, and application software, which is designed to perform specific tasks. It provides examples and details of both types of software and outlines the typical software development life cycle.
The document discusses the basic components and operations of a computer. It explains that a computer requires both hardware and software to function. The key hardware components include the central processing unit, memory, storage devices like hard disks, input devices like keyboards and mice, and output devices like monitors and printers. It also discusses the basic operations of a computer like following step-by-step instructions to complete tasks, and compares how computers and humans perform similar operations like division.
This document discusses computer input and output devices. It lists common input devices like the keyboard, mouse, scanner, digital camera, and microphone. It states that the keyboard and mouse are the most widely used input devices. It also discusses common output devices like the monitor and printer. It provides details on different types of monitors like LCD and CRT, and different types of printers like inkjet and laser printers.
This document provides an introduction to different types of software:
1) System software like operating systems and compilers provide an interface between users and computer hardware. Examples include Windows 10 and Android.
2) Application software runs on platforms created by system software and are designed for specific tasks like spreadsheets, word processors, and Microsoft Office programs.
3) Utility software helps maintain computers, ensuring correct and efficient operation, through programs like antivirus software, firewalls, and disk fragmenters. Antivirus software protects against viruses that can harm computers.
These slides shortly explain Computer Software and Its types with Examples.
Prepared by: Ahmad Hussain, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan,Pakistan.
Email: mr.literature123@gmail.com
A mouse is a handheld input device that controls the on-screen cursor and allows users to select, open, and manipulate items in a graphical user interface (GUI). It contains buttons that perform tasks like selecting objects and opening programs. Mice connect to computers through ports like USB or wirelessly. There are different types of mice including mechanical mice with rolling balls, optical mice that use light sensors, and wireless mice that connect without wires. The mouse was invented in 1968 by Douglas Engelbart to help users control computers.
This document provides an overview of computer basics, including:
- Hardware refers to the physical components of a computer like the case, monitor, keyboard. Software refers to programs and instructions that make the hardware work.
- The CPU (central processing unit) is the brain of the computer and contains the arithmetic/logic and control units. RAM (random access memory) is short-term memory the computer uses to run programs.
- The basic process of how a computer works involves inputting data, the CPU processing it using programs stored in memory, and producing an output. Proper care and ergonomics are important for health and safety.
A computer is a device that accepts input, processes it according to programmed instructions, and produces output. Computers can be classified by function, data type handled, and size/processing power. They range from special purpose computers designed for single tasks to general purpose computers that can perform many tasks. Computers are also classified as analog, digital, or hybrid based on the type of data handled. Classification by size includes supercomputers, mainframes, minicomputers, and microcomputers such as desktops, laptops, and embedded systems. While computers are very capable, they are limited in that they require programming and cannot think or feel independently.
System software includes operating systems and utility programs. Operating systems control and manage computer hardware and allow other programs to run. They provide user interfaces like graphical user interfaces and perform functions like booting the computer and managing memory. Utility programs help maintain the computer by performing tasks like antivirus scanning. Application software helps users perform tasks and solve problems using programs like word processors and graphics software.
The document describes the basic components and functions of a computer system. It explains that the monitor displays visual output, while the CPU contains the computer's processor and can be in desktop or tower cases. The document outlines different input devices like keyboards, mice, scanners, and their functions. It also discusses internal memory components like RAM and ROM that help the CPU process and store information, as well as long-term storage devices like hard disk drives. Finally, it mentions that the motherboard coordinates communication between all computer components and is essential to the computer's operation.
The document discusses the components and functions of a computer system unit. It describes the system unit as the box-like case that contains the computer's electronic components. The main components include the motherboard, CPU, RAM, ROM, power supply, and input/output ports. The motherboard is the main circuit board that has electronic components attached or built into it. The CPU interprets instructions and processes data. RAM is used for temporary storage while programs are running, and ROM permanently stores basic startup instructions. Expansion slots allow additional capabilities to be added via circuit boards.
Input devices
WHAT IS INPUT?
WHAT ARE INPUT DEVICES?
WHAT IS HARDWARE?
WHAT IS SOFTWARE?
input Devices
1) KEYBOARD
2) POINTING DEVICES
3) MOUSE
TYPES OF MOUSE
1. Mechanical mouse
2. Optical mouse
3. Wireless mouse
JOY STICK
TRACKBALL
TOUCHPAD
TOUCHSCREEN
DIGITAL PEN
LIGHT PEN
WHEEL
BIOMETRIC INPUT DEVICES
VOICE RECOGNITION
THUMB IMPRESSION
SIGNATURE VERIFICATION
RETINA SCANNER
FACE RECOGNITION
MIC/ HEAD PHONE
DIGITAL CAMERA
DIGITAL SCANNER
1. The document discusses various input and output devices used in computing including keyboards, mice, joysticks, scanners, light pens, trackballs, touch screens, monitors, and printers.
2. Input devices allow users to enter data into computers through typing, pointing, speaking, or scanning. Output devices display or print information from computers in visual or physical forms.
3. Monitors are the main visual output device and include CRT, LCD, LED, and flat screen variants. Printers provide physical printouts and include impact printers like dot matrix and daisy wheel, as well as non-impact printers like inkjet and laser printers.
Computer is an electronic device that processes data according to programmed instructions. It has hardware components that can be seen like input devices to enter data, output devices to display processed information, processing devices to execute instructions on data, and storage devices to store data. It also uses software programs installed on the hardware to perform specific tasks, including system software to manage the hardware, application software to perform user-oriented tasks, and utility software provided by vendors to perform common functions.
Lecture-1: Introduction to Computer - Basic Definitions & Concepts- Computer ...Mubashir Ali
This document provides an overview of key topics covered in an introductory lecture on computers including:
- Classifications of assignments, quizzes, projects and exams and the grading policy.
- An overview of the components of a computer including input/output devices, storage, and the system unit.
- Advantages and disadvantages of using computers such as speed, storage, health risks, and privacy concerns.
- An introduction to computer software including system software, application software, and programming.
- Different categories of computers including personal computers, mobile devices, servers, mainframes and embedded systems.
The document discusses how computers process data. It explains that data are raw facts while information is meaningful data. Computers represent data using binary numbers for simplicity and accuracy. The CPU, which contains a control unit and arithmetic logic unit, processes data. The control unit directs data flow while the ALU performs calculations. RAM and ROM are types of memory that differ in volatility and speed of access. Processor speed and number of transistors impact processing speed. Major CPU manufacturers include Intel, Motorola, and AMD.
This document defines and compares different types of software licensing and distribution models:
- Retail software is sold in stores with packaging and manuals, making it generally more expensive than downloadable versions.
- OEM software is sold by manufacturers to be pre-installed on hardware systems at a reduced price without retail packaging.
- Shareware and freemium allow limited use for free as a trial with options to purchase a full license.
- Adware and spyware are usually free but collect user data or show ads without fully disclosing this in the license agreement.
This document discusses various input and output devices used with computers. It describes common input devices like the mouse, keyboard, joystick, scanner, and barcode reader which are used to enter data and instructions into a computer. It then explains key output devices such as computer monitors, printers in different types like dot matrix, inkjet and laser, plotters which produce drawings, and microfilm/microfiche which store large amounts of data on film.
This document provides an overview of computer software. It begins by defining software as computer instructions or data that can be stored electronically, in contrast to hardware which refers to physical devices. It then discusses the relationship between hardware and software, noting that both are necessary for a computer to function and that software refers to programs written in a language understood by computers. The document goes on to describe the two major types of software - system software, which acts as an interface between hardware and applications, and application software, which is designed to perform specific tasks. It provides examples and details of both types of software and outlines the typical software development life cycle.
The document discusses the basic components and operations of a computer. It explains that a computer requires both hardware and software to function. The key hardware components include the central processing unit, memory, storage devices like hard disks, input devices like keyboards and mice, and output devices like monitors and printers. It also discusses the basic operations of a computer like following step-by-step instructions to complete tasks, and compares how computers and humans perform similar operations like division.
This document discusses computer input and output devices. It lists common input devices like the keyboard, mouse, scanner, digital camera, and microphone. It states that the keyboard and mouse are the most widely used input devices. It also discusses common output devices like the monitor and printer. It provides details on different types of monitors like LCD and CRT, and different types of printers like inkjet and laser printers.
This document provides an introduction to different types of software:
1) System software like operating systems and compilers provide an interface between users and computer hardware. Examples include Windows 10 and Android.
2) Application software runs on platforms created by system software and are designed for specific tasks like spreadsheets, word processors, and Microsoft Office programs.
3) Utility software helps maintain computers, ensuring correct and efficient operation, through programs like antivirus software, firewalls, and disk fragmenters. Antivirus software protects against viruses that can harm computers.
These slides shortly explain Computer Software and Its types with Examples.
Prepared by: Ahmad Hussain, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan,Pakistan.
Email: mr.literature123@gmail.com
A mouse is a handheld input device that controls the on-screen cursor and allows users to select, open, and manipulate items in a graphical user interface (GUI). It contains buttons that perform tasks like selecting objects and opening programs. Mice connect to computers through ports like USB or wirelessly. There are different types of mice including mechanical mice with rolling balls, optical mice that use light sensors, and wireless mice that connect without wires. The mouse was invented in 1968 by Douglas Engelbart to help users control computers.
This document provides an overview of computer basics, including:
- Hardware refers to the physical components of a computer like the case, monitor, keyboard. Software refers to programs and instructions that make the hardware work.
- The CPU (central processing unit) is the brain of the computer and contains the arithmetic/logic and control units. RAM (random access memory) is short-term memory the computer uses to run programs.
- The basic process of how a computer works involves inputting data, the CPU processing it using programs stored in memory, and producing an output. Proper care and ergonomics are important for health and safety.
A computer is a device that accepts input, processes it according to programmed instructions, and produces output. Computers can be classified by function, data type handled, and size/processing power. They range from special purpose computers designed for single tasks to general purpose computers that can perform many tasks. Computers are also classified as analog, digital, or hybrid based on the type of data handled. Classification by size includes supercomputers, mainframes, minicomputers, and microcomputers such as desktops, laptops, and embedded systems. While computers are very capable, they are limited in that they require programming and cannot think or feel independently.
System software includes operating systems and utility programs. Operating systems control and manage computer hardware and allow other programs to run. They provide user interfaces like graphical user interfaces and perform functions like booting the computer and managing memory. Utility programs help maintain the computer by performing tasks like antivirus scanning. Application software helps users perform tasks and solve problems using programs like word processors and graphics software.
The document describes the basic components and functions of a computer system. It explains that the monitor displays visual output, while the CPU contains the computer's processor and can be in desktop or tower cases. The document outlines different input devices like keyboards, mice, scanners, and their functions. It also discusses internal memory components like RAM and ROM that help the CPU process and store information, as well as long-term storage devices like hard disk drives. Finally, it mentions that the motherboard coordinates communication between all computer components and is essential to the computer's operation.
The document discusses the components and functions of a computer system unit. It describes the system unit as the box-like case that contains the computer's electronic components. The main components include the motherboard, CPU, RAM, ROM, power supply, and input/output ports. The motherboard is the main circuit board that has electronic components attached or built into it. The CPU interprets instructions and processes data. RAM is used for temporary storage while programs are running, and ROM permanently stores basic startup instructions. Expansion slots allow additional capabilities to be added via circuit boards.
Input devices
WHAT IS INPUT?
WHAT ARE INPUT DEVICES?
WHAT IS HARDWARE?
WHAT IS SOFTWARE?
input Devices
1) KEYBOARD
2) POINTING DEVICES
3) MOUSE
TYPES OF MOUSE
1. Mechanical mouse
2. Optical mouse
3. Wireless mouse
JOY STICK
TRACKBALL
TOUCHPAD
TOUCHSCREEN
DIGITAL PEN
LIGHT PEN
WHEEL
BIOMETRIC INPUT DEVICES
VOICE RECOGNITION
THUMB IMPRESSION
SIGNATURE VERIFICATION
RETINA SCANNER
FACE RECOGNITION
MIC/ HEAD PHONE
DIGITAL CAMERA
DIGITAL SCANNER
1. The document discusses various input and output devices used in computing including keyboards, mice, joysticks, scanners, light pens, trackballs, touch screens, monitors, and printers.
2. Input devices allow users to enter data into computers through typing, pointing, speaking, or scanning. Output devices display or print information from computers in visual or physical forms.
3. Monitors are the main visual output device and include CRT, LCD, LED, and flat screen variants. Printers provide physical printouts and include impact printers like dot matrix and daisy wheel, as well as non-impact printers like inkjet and laser printers.
The document discusses different types of output devices used in computing. It describes soft copy devices like monitors that display output temporarily, as well as hard copy devices like printers that provide permanent printed output. Specific devices covered include CRT and LCD monitors, dot matrix printers, inkjet printers, and laser printers. It analyzes the key features and differences between these common output hardware components.
This document provides information about computer output devices and monitors. It discusses the types of monitors, including CRT and flat panel monitors. CRT monitors use electron guns to project beams onto phosphor screens to display images, while flat panel monitors like LCD and LED are thinner. It also discusses monitor features such as size, pixels, resolution, refresh rate, and dot pitch. The document then covers printers, including impact printers like dot matrix and non-impact printers like inkjet and laser printers. It compares different printers and discusses high quality printers used for photos.
This document discusses different types of computer output hardware. It describes monitors, including CRT, LCD, and plasma monitors. It discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each type. It also covers data projectors, printers including impact (dot matrix, character, line) and non-impact (inkjet, laser) printers. Finally, it briefly mentions plotters and speakers.
Input and output devices allow data and instructions to enter and exit a computer system. Common input devices include keyboards, mice, and scanners, while common output devices include monitors, speakers, and printers. The central processing unit (CPU) controls the system and performs computations, with memory and storage holding instructions and data for processing.
The document discusses various types of output devices used in business, including monitors, printers, and plotters. It describes the key characteristics and technologies of CRT and LCD monitors, dot matrix, inkjet, and laser printers, and photo and multifunction printers. Other output devices mentioned include headphones, earbuds, and data projectors. Printers are categorized as either impact printers that use pins to transfer ink to paper, or non-impact printers like inkjet and laser printers that use other methods to place ink on pages.
Input and output devices are essential components of computers. Common input devices include keyboards, mice, scanners, joysticks, and bar code readers. Keyboards allow text entry and contain letter, number, function, control, and special keys. Mice are popular pointing devices that control cursor position. Scanners convert images to digital form. Output devices take information from the computer and present it for human use. Common output devices are monitors and printers. Monitors display visual information and include CRT and flat panel displays. Printers produce hard copies of documents and are either impact printers that use pins to strike paper or non-impact printers like laser and inkjet models.
Output devices convey information from computers to users. Common output devices include display devices like LCD monitors and screens, printers, and speakers. LCD screens are often used in mobile devices and produce images using active or passive matrix technology. Inkjet printers are non-impact printers that form images by spraying tiny ink drops. Photo printers can produce photo-quality images.
The document summarizes common computer input and output devices. It describes the keyboard and mouse as standard input devices. It then focuses on key output devices like monitors, printers, and touch screens. It explains that monitors receive signals from video cards to provide visual displays, and that printers create physical outputs using various technologies like inkjet or laser printing. It also defines common printer types and characteristics like speed, which is measured in characters per second (cps) or pages per minute (ppm).
This document discusses different types of printers, including impact printers like dot matrix and daisy wheel printers, and non-impact printers like inkjet, thermal, laser, and plotter printers. It describes the printing mechanisms and characteristics of each type, such as printing speed, noise level, quality, and applications. The document also provides guidance on selecting appropriate printers for different users like home, small office, and large businesses based on factors like budget, printing needs, and quality requirements.
The document discusses various input and output devices used in computers. It describes common input devices like the keyboard, mouse, joystick, scanners, microphones, and digital cameras. It explains how these devices work and their advantages and disadvantages. The document also covers various types of output devices including monitors, printers, plotters and speakers. It provides details on CRT and LCD monitors and different types of printers like impact, non-impact, inkjet and laser printers.
A printer is a hardware device that takes electronic data from a computer and prints it onto paper. There are different types of printers categorized as either impact printers like daisy wheel printers that use a spinning disk to imprint characters, or non-impact printers like inkjet printers that spray ink onto paper and laser printers that use toner. Key qualities of printers are color capability, resolution, speed, and memory. New printing technologies may include inkless printing and 3D printing.
This document provides an overview of computer output and output devices. It discusses the different types of output including text, graphics, video, and audio. Common output devices are then described, including monitors, printers, speakers, and others. The document focuses on monitors, explaining the differences between CRT and LCD monitors. It covers LCD monitor types, resolution, refresh rates, and other specifications for comparing monitors.
The document discusses various types of computer output devices, including display screens, printers, plotters, audio output, video output, virtual reality devices, and robots. It covers the different technologies used in common output devices like CRT and LCD screens, inkjet and laser printers, and provides examples of how output is used across different mediums like audio, video, and virtual reality simulations.
Monitors display computer output using pixels arranged on a screen. There are two main types of monitors - CRT monitors which are bulkier and use cathode ray tubes, and flat-panel displays like LCD which are thinner, lighter, and more power efficient. Printers produce hard copies of documents and come in two varieties - impact printers that use ink ribbons and are noisier, and non-impact printers like laser and inkjet that work silently without ribbons. Plotters are specialized printers used for technical drawings, with different types existing like drum, flatbed, and roller plotters.
The document discusses the different components that make up a computer system. It begins by defining a computer as an electronic device that can store and process data according to programmed instructions. It then describes the main components of a computer which include hardware, software, and firmware. The document goes into detail about the various hardware components such as the central processing unit, memory, mass storage devices, input devices like keyboards and mice, and output devices like monitors and printers. It also discusses different types of software and input/output peripherals.
This document provides information about output devices used in computing. It discusses softcopy and hardcopy output types. For softcopy, it describes computer monitors and factors that affect screen clarity like resolution, color depth, and refresh rate. It also discusses LCD and LED display technologies. For hardcopy, it describes different printer types like inkjet, laser, and dot matrix printers. It provides details on audio, video, and multimedia output devices.
The document discusses various types of output devices including display screens, printers, audio devices, and virtual reality devices. It provides details on CRT monitors, describing screen resolution, dot pitch, and refresh rate. It also covers LCD monitors, inkjet printers, laser printers, photo printers, thermal printers, plotters, and audio output devices such as speakers. Facsimile machines and data projectors are also mentioned as other examples of output hardware.
Computers have basic components including a case, motherboard, processor, memory, storage devices, and input/output devices. The central processing unit (CPU) acts as the computer's brain and controls all operations. It consists of an arithmetic logic unit, memory unit, and control unit. Common input devices are keyboards, mice, and scanners, while common output devices are monitors, printers, and plotters.
Similar to 2. Components of Computer (CSI-321) (20)
TCP is a connection-oriented protocol that ensures reliable delivery of data through sequence numbers, acknowledgments, and retransmissions. It has larger headers than UDP but provides reliability. UDP is connectionless and does not guarantee delivery, making it faster but less reliable than TCP. Key applications using TCP include HTTP, FTP, and SMTP, while UDP is used for DNS, VoIP, and streaming applications requiring low latency.
The document discusses various HTML form elements including:
- The <form> element which is used to create an HTML form for user input.
- The <label> element which defines a label for form elements to help screen readers and users click on small elements.
- Radio buttons and checkboxes which allow users to select single or multiple options respectively using the <input> element.
- The submit button which uses <input type='submit'> to submit the form data to a server-side form handler specified in the form's action attribute.
This document discusses HTML elements and CSS positioning properties. It covers common HTML elements like classes, IDs, semantic elements, and entities. It also covers the CSS position property and its values - static, relative, fixed, absolute, and sticky. For each position value, it provides an example of how elements are positioned and the behavior of top, bottom, left, and right properties depending on the position value.
This document discusses HTML elements and CSS positioning properties. It covers common HTML elements like classes, IDs, semantic elements, and entities. It also covers the CSS position property and its values - static, relative, fixed, absolute, and sticky. For each position value, it provides an example of how elements are positioned and the behavior of top, bottom, left, and right properties depending on the position value.
This document provides an outline of key topics in web development including HTML links, images, tables, and lists. It describes how to add and style hyperlinks, embed images and set image properties, construct tables with rows and cells, and create ordered, unordered, and description lists. Code examples are given to demonstrate how to implement these various HTML elements using tags and attributes.
This document provides instructions for navigating and editing documents in Microsoft Word using both keyboard shortcuts and mouse functions. It covers navigation keys like arrow keys, home/end keys, and scrolling. Keyboard shortcuts are provided for common editing tasks like cut/copy/paste, formatting, alignments, and saving/closing documents. Mouse functions like clicking, dragging, and zooming are also described.
This document provides an overview of HTML formatting elements, comments, and colors. It discusses various HTML elements for formatting text, such as <b> for bold text and <i> for italicized text. It also covers specifying colors in HTML using RGB, hexadecimal, and HSL values. Finally, the document introduces Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) and explains how CSS can be used to control formatting and layout on webpages, either inline within HTML, internally via <style> tags, or externally via linked CSS files.
HTML is the standard markup language used to create web pages. It uses tags like <h1> for headings and <p> for paragraphs to structure content and define semantics. Common HTML elements were described like headings, paragraphs, links, images, and line breaks. The document also covered HTML attributes which provide additional information about elements through name/value pairs, and editors that can be used to write HTML code.
CSI-503 - 13. Scheduler and Dispatcher ghayour abbas
The scheduler selects processes to execute from those waiting in the ready queue. The dispatcher then allocates CPU time to the process selected by the scheduler by moving it from ready to running state, performing context switching. While the scheduler decides which process is executed next based on scheduling algorithms, the dispatcher handles the actual transition of processes on and off the CPU.
CSI-503 - 11.Distributed Operating Systemghayour abbas
A distributed operating system connects multiple computers via a single communication channel. It allows for the distribution of computing resources and I/O files across several central processors to serve multiple users and real-time applications simultaneously. Distributed operating systems come in various types, including client-server systems, peer-to-peer systems, middleware, three-tier, and n-tier architectures. Their key features are openness, scalability, resource sharing, flexibility, transparency, and heterogeneity. Examples include Solaris, OSF/1, Micros, and DYNIX. Distributed operating systems find applications in network applications, telecommunication networks, parallel computation, and real-time process control.
SWE-401 - 10. Software Testing Overviewghayour abbas
Software testing involves validating and verifying software to ensure it meets requirements and specifications. There are different types of testing such as unit, integration, system, and acceptance testing. Testing can be done manually or automatically using tools. Black-box testing focuses on functionality without knowledge of internal design, while white-box testing examines internal structure and design. Thorough documentation is required throughout the testing process.
This document discusses structured programming, functional programming, programming style, coding guidelines, software documentation, and challenges in software implementation. Structured programming breaks problems down into smaller pieces and uses modular programming and structured coding. Functional programming uses mathematical functions and avoids side effects. Good programming style and coding guidelines make code more readable and maintainable. Software documentation includes requirements, design, technical, and user documentation. Challenges include code reuse and compatibility issues.
SWE-401 - 8. Software User Interface Designghayour abbas
User interface is the front-end that allows users to interact with software. It can be graphical, text-based, or audio/video. Well-designed interfaces are attractive, simple, responsive, clear, and consistent. There are two main types of interfaces: command line interfaces (CLI) which use text commands, and graphical user interfaces (GUI) which use visual elements like windows, icons, menus. GUI became more popular than CLI with advances in display technology. Proper interface design involves requirements gathering, user analysis, task analysis, and testing to create an intuitive interface.
SWE-401 - 7. Software Design Strategiesghayour abbas
Software design is a process that conceptualizes software requirements into an implementation plan. It takes user requirements as challenges and tries to find optimal solutions. There are multiple design approaches, including structured, function-oriented, and object-oriented design. Structured design breaks problems into smaller modules arranged hierarchically. Function-oriented design divides a system into functions capable of significant tasks. Object-oriented design focuses on entities and their characteristics, modeling them as objects that can be grouped into classes.
Software design is the process of transforming user requirements into a suitable form for programmers to use for coding and implementation. It is the first step in the software development life cycle and moves the focus from understanding user needs to determining technical solutions. The output of software design can be directly used for programming. Software design yields three levels of results - architectural design, high-level design, and detailed design - which break the system down into more specific components and their interactions. Modularization, concurrency, coupling, and cohesion are important concepts in software design. Verification of the software design output is important before implementation to detect any issues early.
SWE-401 - 6. Software Analysis and Design Toolsghayour abbas
The document discusses several software analysis and design tools used by software designers including:
- Data Flow Diagrams (DFDs) which graphically depict the flow of data in a system. DFDs come in logical and physical types.
- Structure Charts which represent the hierarchical structure and functions of system modules in greater detail than DFDs.
- HIPO Diagrams which decompose system functions hierarchically and depict functions performed without data or control flow.
- Additional tools discussed are Structured English, Pseudo-Code, Decision Tables and Entity-Relationship Models.
SWE-401 - 4. Software Requirement Specifications ghayour abbas
The document defines a Software Requirements Specification (SRS) as a formal report that lays the foundation for software engineering activities by eliciting and analyzing all system requirements. An SRS should have several key characteristics, including being correct, complete, consistent, unambiguous, modifiable, verifiable, and traceable. It should also be structured, concise, written from a black-box perspective, demonstrate conceptual integrity, and contain requirements that can be verified. The purpose of an SRS is to formally represent the desired software system and allow customers to review that the system meets their needs.
SWE-401 - 3. Software Project Managementghayour abbas
The document discusses various aspects of software project management including defining a software project, the need for software project management, roles and responsibilities of a project manager, key project management activities like planning, estimation, scheduling, resource management, risk management, execution and monitoring, communication management, configuration management, and change control. It also discusses tools that can help with project management like Gantt charts, PERT charts, resource histograms, and critical path analysis.
Memory management is the process by which an operating system manages and allocates primary memory. It tracks both allocated and free memory locations. Key techniques include single contiguous allocation, partitioned allocation, paged memory management, and segmented memory management. Swapping moves processes temporarily from memory to disk to improve performance. Memory allocation assigns space to processes, and fragmentation occurs when free spaces are too small to use. Paging and segmentation retrieve processes from disk to memory. Dynamic loading and linking load libraries only when needed at runtime rather than during compilation.
Process synchronization coordinates processes accessing shared resources to maintain consistency. When multiple processes access the same data concurrently, the outcome depends on the execution order. A critical section is code that can only be executed by one process at a time. It contains shared variables and resources. The critical section problem aims to satisfy mutual exclusion, progress, and bounded waiting to fairly control access to the critical section.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
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তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
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it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
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2. Components of Computer (CSI-321)
1. 2
COMPONENTS OF COMPUTER
OUTPUT DEVICES
Prepared By: Ghayour Abbas
WHAT IS OUTPUT?
An output is the data that has been processed in that form which is useful by user
or machine for future processing. Output can be in two forms Soft Copy and Hard
Copy. (Describe further)
WHAT ARE OUTPUT DEVICES?
Any hardware component used to show results after processing to any user
and it use to send the results of processing to the user. Output can be text, Audio,
Video & graphics.
Examples
• Monitor
• Printer
• Plotter
• Projectors
• Speakers
• Headphone etc
2.
3. 1) MONITOR/DISPLAY DEVICES
Definition:
“Monitor or display devices are used to get output on screen. It is like small
television and available in different sizes and specifications. The text which is
displayed on screen is called softcopy (as defined above)”
TYPES OF MONITOR
There are majorly two type of monitor according to its specification. These are
• Monochrome monitor
• Color monitor
1.1) MONOCHROME MONITOR
Monochrome monitor is based on a single color that can be white, blue, black
or gray etc. these type of monitors is same like the old mobile phones which
have a single color in back ground with black text in display. That is very much
useful in these devices where we need simple display. Like some ATM
machines, mobile phones, specific digital devices like PDA, pagers etc
1.2) COLOR MONITOR
Color monitor is such monitor which is based on colors as its name implies.
Today mostly monitor are based on color display rather it is flat panel or tube
based monitors. The basic colors in that monitors are three which are RGB
stands for Red, Blue, Green by these basic colors a monitor can generate
many other colors by the combination of these basic colors.
4. 1.2) COLOR MONITORS
FEATURES & SPECIFICATIONS
When we talked about monitor specification and features then there are
several factors which we have to keep in our view. Whenever we want to buy
monitor we have to keep these features in our view, defined as under:
• Color
• Size
• Resolution
• PixelPitch
• Refresher rate
COLOR
Monitor can view different colors specifically some monitor can view only
single color in its background and black text on its screen these monitors are
very simple (as defined above) is called monochrome monitors.
Monitor work with three basic colors and by these three colors it makes
different colors in by combinations. These colors are RGB, mean Red, Green
and Blue. By combinations it can make 256 colors. More colors more
exclusive display.
SIZE
Like television monitor is also available in different sizes. The size started
from15 inches to 22 inches monitor.
RESOLUTION
An important characteristic of all monitor screens is its resolution. The screen is
divided in to vertical and horizontal lines and intersecting of these lines make many
small boxes and these boxes in used to display images, called pixels
5. Each point of light on the screen is called a pixel. The resolution of a screen is the
number of pixels that the screen can display. This is given as the number of pixels
across (horizontal resolution) by the number of pixels down (vertical resolution). For
example, 800 x 600. The greater the resolution the better. Modern screens can
display 1024 X 768 or better.
PIXEL PITCH
The distance between two pixels on screen is called pixel pitch. it is also an
important feature of monitor. If we want to view clear images on monitors it must
have less distance between pixels. That pixel pitch is also called dot pitch. It is
measured in millimeters.
REFERESHER RATE
Every monitor has a electric gun behind screen. That gun omits light and makes
images to the screen. Refresher rate is that time which gun used to regenerate new
image on screen. Refresher rate is measured in hertz .it is also an important feature
for better quality of display. , this is the number of times the image is refreshed
every second. A low refresh rate makes the image appear to flicker. You need
a refresh rate of at least 72 Hz (72 times a second) to avoid the appearance of
flicker.
Pixel
6. 1.2.1) CRT MONITORS
The cathode ray tube (CRT) type monitors and makes use of the same
technology as a television screen. A beam of electronics is fired from an
electronic gun at the back of the tube. This strikes the front of the tube which
is covered in a phosphorescent material which glows when struck by
electrons. Between the electron gun and the screen the beam is modulated
by a signal to produce the image you see on the screen.
7. 1.2.2) LCD MONITORS
The LCD monitors bring lots of advantages when
compared to the CRT ones. The first advantage
which is also the most obvious one is the fact that
the LCD monitors are smaller and have a smaller
weight than the CRT monitors.
The LCD monitors can be placed on the table and
they use far less space than the CRT monitors. This
is a great advantage. The picture quality of the LCD
monitors will be increased as well which means that
the movies will be displayed in a better quality and
the games will have better colors, and so on.
In most of the cases the LCD monitors will have certain features which provide
additional functionality. Some of the LCD monitors have USB hubs, HDMI input, TV
tuner, and so on. The TV tuner is very important because you can use the computer
for watching TV. The aspect ratio of the monitors has changed.
The resolution will be highly influenced by the monitor size. The larger the size of
the monitor is the larger resolutions it will have. If you buy the biggest monitor that
you can buy because the experience of watching movies or playing games on it will
be much more enjoyable. This was my info on the LCD computer monitors.
1.2.3) GAS PLASMAMONITORS
A gas-plasma display works by sandwiching neon gas between two plates.
Each plate is coated with a conductive print. The print on one plate contains
vertical conductive lines and the other plate has horizontal lines. Together,
the two plates form a grid.
When electric current is passed through a horizontal and vertical line, the gas
at the intersection glows, creating a point of light, or pixel. You can think of a
gas-plasma display as a collection of very small neon bulbs. Images on gas-
plasma displays generally appear as orange objects on top of a black
background.
8. 1.2.4) TOUCH SCREEN MONITORS
These monitors use touching of the screen as an input
method. Items can be selected or moved with a finger,
and finger gestures may be used to convey commands.
The screen will need frequent cleaning due to image
degradation from fingerprints.
2) PRINTERS
The second most common form of computer output is printed documents.
Although a computer can operate perfectly without a printer, it is certainly
helpful to the user to have one. People often prefer to get printouts of the
work they have done rather than to look at it on the screen it is considered a
form of hard
copy.
Types:
Printer has majorly two types.
• Impact printers
• Non impact printers
9. 2.1) IMPACT PRINTERS
Impact printers produce output by striking a ribbon with a hammer. When the
ribbon is hit a mark is made on the paper behind it. If carbon paper is put into
the printer then an impact printer can print more than one copy of a
document at a time. This feature is often used by companies when they print
invoices, bills etc. Because of the hammering action impact printers are noisy
when they are printing.
2.1.1) DOT MATRIX PRINTERS
Dot matrix printers produce an image by hammering a column of 9 or 24 pins
against a ribbon. Characters are produced as the print head (which contains
the pins) moves across the page.
Dot matrix printers are cheap to purchase and have low operating costs. Most
can run in either draft mode (quick but very low quality) or Near Letter Quality
mode (slower but better quality). The disadvantages of dot matrix printers are
that the output quality is poor, it takes a long time to print a document and
thenoise can be annoying.
2.1.2) DAISY WHEEL PRINTERS
Daisy wheel printers are rarely used any more. A daisy wheel printer
hammers character stamps (like those on typewriters) against a ribbon to
produce high quality text output. The character patterns are all arranged
around the edge of a wheel.
When a letter is to be printed the wheel rotates so that the correct letter is
10. against the ribbon. A hammer then hits the letter against the ribbon to print it
on the paper. Daisy wheel printers are very slow and noisy. It is not possible to
print graphics using a daisy wheel printer.
2.1.3) LINE PRINTERS
Dot matrix and daisy wheel printers both print only one character at a time.
For that reason they are called Character Printers. In contrast a line printer
prints a whole line (typically 80 or 132 characters) of text at a time. These
printers are very fast. They are expensive to buy and are used when high
volumes of output are required. Example applications include printing
telephone bills or bank statements. The main drawback to line printers is that
they can produce only text--no graphics
11. 2.2) NON IMPACT PRINTERS
Non-impact printers do not produce images by hammering pins or
characters against the paper. Because there is no hammering action non-
impact printers are very quiet but cannot print multiple copies using carbon
paper.
2.2.1) INK JET PRINTERS
Ink jet printers are the most popular type of
printer for use at home or in a small business. This
is because they are relatively cheap to purchase
and can print in color. Ink jet printers generate
output by squirting tiny jets of ink at the paper to
be printed on.
A column of ink jets in the print head moves
across the page squirting dots onto the page to
make the image.
Typically ink jet printers can produce 360 or 720 dots per inch (dpi) but these
dots are larger than those that a laser printer makes so the quality although
very good is not quite as perfect. Ink-jet printers can work in black and white
or color. Black and white versions cost from Rs 5,000 and color ones from
about 10,000. They are slower than laser printers (3ppm) and cost slightly
more to run.
2.2.2) LASER PRINTERSS
Laser printers are called Page Printers because they print a whole page at a
time. A laser beam is used to draw the image to be printed onto a light
sensitive Drum. After the image has been drawn on the drum a fine powder
ink called Toner is put onto it. The toner only sticks where the laser has drawn
the image. The paper then passes over the drum and the toner is transferred
onto the paper.
12. Laser printers produce very high quality output, are very quiet and very fast.
Typical home laser printers can print 8 pages per minute (ppm). Some
industrial versions print over 40ppm and can print on both sides of a piece of
paper at the same time. The main disadvantage of this type of printer is the
high cost. Small laser printers cost from Rs 3,000 to buy and are more usually
about Rs 8,000. Color laser printers cost Rs 30,000+. Running costs are higher
than impact printers but lower than most ink jetprinters.
2.2.3) THERMAL PRINTERS
Thermal printers are no longer used as printers for PCs. They are however still
used in some computer control systems, tills and in many fax machines. These
printers print on special heat sensitive paper which is expensive. The image is
produced from small dots which are made on the paper by heating it up. The
quality is reasonable and graphics can be printed.
13. Chapter No 4: Components of Computer‐System Unit
31
2.2.4) PHOTO PRINTERS
A printer specialized for smaller prints such as 4x6" and
5x7". When first introduced in the mid-1990s, photo
printers used dye sublimation for high quality printing
because inkjet printing was not quite up to par. Since then,
inkjet technology has greatly improved, and most photo
printers are inkjets. Epson, Canon and HP are major
players in this market
2.2.5) MOBILE PRINTERS
A monitor is portable and we can take it any where we want. Mobile printers
are making it easier and faster for us to free our trapped images from their
digital prisons -- all without using a drop of ink.
Without ink, it can be dramatically smaller than their predecessors, making
them more convenient and even portable. It is said to be "mobile" because it
receive wireless signals to print. However, with inkless printing technology,
printers can be mobile in a more radical way -- you can carry it around in a
pocket or a purse, just like a cell phone
3) PLOTTERS
A plotter, like a printer, produces hard-copy
output. Plotters, which produce high-quality
color graphics, are usually categorized by
whether they use pens or electrostatic charges to
create images. A continuous-curve plotter is used
to draw maps from stored data. Computer-
generated maps can be retrieved and plotted or
used to show changes over time. Plotters are
generally more expensive than printers, ranging
from about 100,000 to 750,000 (or even more).
14. Chapter No 4: Components of Computer‐System Unit
32
4) SPEAKERS/ HEADPHONE
Speakers and headset is used to get audio output. A system's
speaker is the component that takes the electronic signal
stored on things like CDs, tapes and DVDs and turns it back
into actual sound that we can hear. In any sound system,
ultimate quality depends on the speakers. The best
recording, encoded on the most advanced storage device
and played by a top-of-the-line deck and amplifier, will
sound awful if the system is hooked up to poor speakers.
5) MULTIMEDIA/PROJECTORS
A Digital Projector/Multimedia is an electo-optical machine which converts
image data from a computer or video source to a bright image which is then
imaged on a distant wall or screen using a lens system. The cost of a device is
not only determined by its resolution, but also by its brightness. The projector
serves the followingpurposes:
• Visualization of data stored in a computer for presentations
• Demonstration of program products for a large number of prospective customers
• The projector replaces the white board as well as written documents.
• Watching moving images from a video tape player or digital video disk player.
• Digital projectors may also be built into cabinets which use a rear
projection screen to form a single unified display device, now popular
for "home theater" applications.
15. Chapter No 4: Components of Computer‐System Unit
33
ry memory or the main memory is part of the main computer system. The processor
or the CPU directly stores and retrieves information from it. This memory is
accessed by CPU, in random fashion. That means any location of this memory can
be accessed by the CPU to either read information from it, or to store information
in it.