Multiple myeloma is diagnosed based on major criteria including a bone marrow plasmacytosis of at least 30% or an M protein level of over 3.5 g/L, or one major criterion and one minor criterion, which include a plasmacytosis between 10-30% or lytic bone lesions. The two key indicators for prognosis in multiple myeloma are tumor burden and proliferation rate, which can be predicted by levels of C-reactive protein and beta-2 microglobulin, with survival rates of 54 months if both are under 6 mg/L, 27 months if one is under 6 mg/L, and 6 months if both are over 6 mg/L.

1. MULTIPLE MYLOMA
Diagnostic criteria

2. MAJOR criteria
Plasmacytoma on
tissue biopsy
Bone marrow
plasmacytosis ≥ 30%
M Protein: IgG > 3.5
g/L; IgA > 2.0 g/L
Urinary kappa or lambda
chain excretion of > 1g / 24
hrs in absence of
amyloidosis
MINOR criteria
Marrow plasmacytosis
of 10-30%
Lytic bone lesions
Evidence of a monoclonal
protein but lessor
amounts than above
Hypoglobulinemia of normal
proteins: IgM < 500 mg/L,
IgA < 1 g/L or IgG < 6g/L

3. Diagnosis of MM is made by :
• One major plus one minor criteria OR
• 3 or more minor criteria

4. PROGNOSIS
The tumor burden and the proliferation rate are
the 2 key indicators for the prognosis in patients
with MM. C-reactive protein (CRP) and beta-2
microglobulin are used to predict survival as
follows:
54 months
• If levels of both proteins are
less than 6 mg/L
27
• if the level of only one
component is less than 6 mg/L
6 months
• If levels of both protein values
are greater than 6 mg/L

5. THANK YOU