Here is a brief presentation on application of digital signal processing i.e. image processing.
This presentation covers:
What is DSP?
What is IP?
What is DIP?
DIP techniques.
Digital: Operating by the use of discrete signals to represent data in the form of numbers.
Signal: A parameter (Electrical quantity or effect) that can be varied in such a way as to convey information.
Processing: A series operations performed according to programmed instructions.
Using Chebyshev filter design, there are two sub groups,
Type-I Chebyshev Filter
Type-II Chebyshev Filter
The major difference between butterworth and chebyshev filter is that the poles of butterworth filter lie on the circle while the poles of chebyshev filter lie on ellipse.
Here is a brief presentation on application of digital signal processing i.e. image processing.
This presentation covers:
What is DSP?
What is IP?
What is DIP?
DIP techniques.
Digital: Operating by the use of discrete signals to represent data in the form of numbers.
Signal: A parameter (Electrical quantity or effect) that can be varied in such a way as to convey information.
Processing: A series operations performed according to programmed instructions.
Using Chebyshev filter design, there are two sub groups,
Type-I Chebyshev Filter
Type-II Chebyshev Filter
The major difference between butterworth and chebyshev filter is that the poles of butterworth filter lie on the circle while the poles of chebyshev filter lie on ellipse.
Salient Features:
The magnitude response is nearly constant(equal to 1) at lower frequencies
There are no ripples in passband and stop band
The maximum gain occurs at Ω=0 and it is H(Ω)=1
The magnitude response is monotonically decreasing
As the order of the filter ‘N’ increases, the response of the filter is more close to the ideal response
Why Fourier Transform
General Properties & Symmetry relations
Formula and steps
magnitude and phase spectra
Convergence Condition
mean-square convergence
Gibbs phenomenon
Direct Delta
Energy Density Spectrum
The presentation covers sampling theorem, ideal sampling, flat top sampling, natural sampling, reconstruction of signals from samples, aliasing effect, zero order hold, upsampling, downsampling, and discrete time processing of continuous time signals.
The content is related to Analog electronics. The prEsentation contains ADC process, Sampling and holding, Quantizing and encoding, Flash ADC, Pipeline ADC etc.
Salient Features:
The magnitude response is nearly constant(equal to 1) at lower frequencies
There are no ripples in passband and stop band
The maximum gain occurs at Ω=0 and it is H(Ω)=1
The magnitude response is monotonically decreasing
As the order of the filter ‘N’ increases, the response of the filter is more close to the ideal response
Why Fourier Transform
General Properties & Symmetry relations
Formula and steps
magnitude and phase spectra
Convergence Condition
mean-square convergence
Gibbs phenomenon
Direct Delta
Energy Density Spectrum
The presentation covers sampling theorem, ideal sampling, flat top sampling, natural sampling, reconstruction of signals from samples, aliasing effect, zero order hold, upsampling, downsampling, and discrete time processing of continuous time signals.
The content is related to Analog electronics. The prEsentation contains ADC process, Sampling and holding, Quantizing and encoding, Flash ADC, Pipeline ADC etc.
REAL TIME SPECIAL EFFECTS GENERATION AND NOISE FILTRATION OF AUDIO SIGNAL USI...ijcsa
Digital signal processing is being increasingly used for audio processing applications. Digital audio effects
refer to all those algorithms that are used for enhancing sound in any of the steps of a processing chain of
music production. Real time audio effects generation is a highly challenging task in the field of signal
processing. Now a day, almost every high end multimedia audio device does digital signal processing in
one form or another. For years musicians have used different techniques to give their music a unique
sound. Earlier, these techniques were implemented after a lot of work and experimentation. However, now
with the emergence of digital signal processing this task is simplified to a great extent. In this article, the
generations of special effects like echo, flanging, reverberation, stereo, karaoke, noise filtering etc are
successfully implemented using MATLAB and an attractive GUI has been designed for the same.
Digital Signal Processing Applied in Mobile Communicationsijtsrd
Digital Signal Processing is an important software tool for several functions over digital signal, and Digital Signal Processors are microprocessors and microcontrollers specifically manufactured for the digital signal processing tasks. These DSP chips are used in everything from mobile phones to advanced scientific equipment including medical instruments. ”œDSP” mean for hardware as Digital Signal Processor or chip, software developers use to mean ”œDSP” as Digital Signal Processing. DSP has become a main functional component in communications, medical and industrial products. This paper describes the role of the Digital Signal Processing DSP in mobile communications from second to fifth generation. Mobile communications in present scenario 5G advances a lot offering huge facilities like universal roaming with seamless connectivity, high data transfer rates, site service capabilities and support for high quality multimedia services worldwide by using digital signal processing technique. In all steps of a mobile communications system, application of DSP is done for carrying out effective work. It is observed that digital signal processing becomes back bone to mobile communications from second to fifth generation and so on. Pijush Kanti Bhattacharjee | Koushik Pal | Souman Bej | Chirantan De "Digital Signal Processing Applied in Mobile Communications" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-2 , April 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/papers/ijtsrd55133.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/55133/digital-signal-processing-applied-in-mobile-communications/pijush-kanti-bhattacharjee
DSP- use of digital processing, such as by computers or more specialized digital signal processors,to perform a wide variety of signal processing operations.
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Biomedical digital signal processing : Digital Hearing Aid Pooja Yadav
This document will cover the application of digital signal processing in hearing aid.
Contents:
1. Introduction to Digital Signal Processing(DSP) in hearing aid
2. Advantages of DSP
3. Limitations of DSP
4. Analysis on its physical advantages
5. Conclusion
Lecture 7 Software Engineering and Design User Interface Design op205
3F6 Software Engineering and Design, February 2012, lecture slides 7, User Interface Design, Dr Elena Punskaya, Cambridge University Engineering Department
Lecture 6 Software Engineering and Design Good Design op205
3F6 Software Engineering and Design, February 2012, lecture slides 6, Good Design, Guest lecture by Igor Drokov, CEO Cronto Ltd, Cambridge University Engineering Department
Lecture 4 Software Engineering and Design Brief Introduction to Programmingop205
3F6 Software Engineering and Design, January 2012, lecture slides 4, Brief Introduction to Programming Languages, Dr Elena Punskaya, Cambridge University Engineering Department
Lecture 3 Software Engineering and Design Introduction to UMLop205
3F6 Software Engineering and Design, January 2012, lecture slides 3, Introduction to UML, Dr Elena Punskaya, Cambridge University Engineering Department
Lecture 2 Software Engineering and Design Object Oriented Programming, Design...op205
3F6 Software Engineering and Design, January 2012, lecture slides 2, Object Oriented Programming, Design and Analysis, Dr Elena Punskaya, Cambridge University Engineering Department
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
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Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
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MARUTI SUZUKI- A Successful Joint Venture in India.pptx
Introduction to Digital Signal Processing
1. Introduction to Digital Signal
Processing (DSP)
Elena Punskaya
www-sigproc.eng.cam.ac.uk/~op205
Some material adapted from courses by
Prof. Simon Godsill, Dr. Arnaud Doucet,
Dr. Malcolm Macleod and Prof. Peter Rayner
1
2. Course Overview
• Topics:
– Fourier Transforms and Digital Filters 6 letures [me]
– Random signals, Optimal Filtering and Signal
Modelling 6 lectures [Simon Godsill]
– Pattern recognition 4 lectures [Zoubin Ghahramani]
• Handouts:
– New: typos, please, e-mail op205@cam.ac.uk
– www-sigproc.eng.cam.ac.uk/~op205
– Feedback welcome
• Natural extension of 3F1
2
3. Books
Books:
– J.G. Proakis and D.G. Manolakis, Digital Signal
Processing 3rd edition, Prentice-Hall.
– R.G Lyons, Understanding Digital Signal
processing, 2nd edition, Prentice-Hall. (Amazon’s
top-selling for five straight years)
Material covered
– maths (why is it difficult?)
– exams
– examples papers
– help
3
4. What is Digital Signal Processing?
Digital: operating by the use of discrete signals to
represent data in the form of numbers
Signal: a parameter (electrical quantity or effect) that can
be varied in such a way as to convey information
Processing: a series operations performed according to
programmed instructions
changing or analysing information
which is measured as discrete
sequences of numbers
4
5. The Journey
“Learning digital signal processing is not something
you accomplish; it’s a journey you take”.
R.G Lyons, Understanding Digital Signal processing
5
6. Applications of DSP - Radar
Radar and Sonar:
Examples
1) target detection – position and
velocity estimation
2) tracking
6
7. Applications of DSP - Biomedical
Biomedical: analysis of biomedical signals,
diagnosis, patient monitoring,
preventive health care, artificial
organs
Examples:
1) electrocardiogram (ECG) signal – provides
doctor with information about the condition of
the patient’s heart
2) electroencephalogram (EEG) signal – provides
Information about the activity of the brain
7
8. Applications of DSP - Speech
Speech applications:
Examples
1) noise reduction – reducing background noise
in the sequence produced by a sensing device (microphone)
2) speech recognition – differentiating
between various speech sounds
3) synthesis of artificial speech – text to speech
systems for blind
8
9. Applications of DSP - Communications
Communications:
Examples
1) telephony – transmission of information in digital form via
telephone lines, modem technology, mobile phones
2) encoding and decoding of the information
sent over a physical channel (to optimise
transmission or to detect or correct errors in
transmission)
9
10. Applications of DSP – Image Processing
Image Processing:
Examples
1) content based image retrieval – browsing,
searching and retrieving images from database
2) image enhancement
2) compression - reducing the redundancy in
the image data to optimise transmission /
storage
10
11. Applications of DSP – Music
Music Applications:
Examples:
1) Recording
2) Playback
3) Manipulation (mixing, special effects)
11
12. Applications of DSP - Multimedia
Multimedia:
generation storage and
transmission of sound, still
images, motion pictures
Examples:
1) digital TV
2) video conferencing
12
13. DSP Implementation - Operations
To implement DSP we must be able to:
Input Digital Digital
Signal Signal
DSP
Output
1) perform numerical operations including, for
example, additions, multiplications, data transfers
and logical operations
either using computer or special-purpose hardware
13
14. DSP chips
• Introduction of the microprocessor in the late 1970's and
early 1980's meant DSP techniques could be used in a
much wider range of applications.
DSP chip – a programmable
device, with its own native
instruction code
designed specifically to meet
numerically-intensive
requirements of DSP
capable of carrying out
millions of floating point
Bluetooth Household Home theatre
headset appliances system operations per second 14
15. DSP Implementation – Digital/Analog Conversion
To implement DSP we must be able to:
Digital Digital Analog
Signal Signal Signal
DSP Reconstruction
2) convert the digital information, after being processed
back to an analog signal
- involves digital-to-analog conversion & reconstruction
(recall from 1B Signal and Data Analysis)
e.g. text-to-speech signal (characters are used to generate artificial
sound)
15
16. DSP Implementation –Analog/Digital Conversion
To implement DSP we must be able to:
Analog Digital Digital
Signal Signal Signal
Sampling DSP
3) convert analog signals into the digital information
- sampling & involves analog-to-digital conversion
(recall from 1B Signal and Data Analysis)
e.g. Touch-Tone system of telephone dialling (when button is
pushed two sinusoid signals are generated (tones) and
transmitted, a digital system determines the frequences and
uniquely identifies the button – digital (1 to 12) output
16
17. DSP Implementation
To implement DSP we must be able to:
Analog Digital Digital Analog
Signal Signal Signal Signal
Sampling DSP Reconstruction
perform both A/D and D/A conversions
e.g. digital recording and playback of music (signal is sensed by
microphones, amplified, converted to digital, processed, and
converted back to analog to be played
17
18. Limitations of DSP - Aliasing
Most signals are analog in nature, and have to be sampled
loss of information
• we only take samples of the signals at intervals and
don’t know what happens in between
aliasing
cannot distinguish between
higher and lower frequencies
(recall from 1B Signal
and Data Analysis)
Sampling theorem: to avoid
aliasing, sampling rate must be
at least twice the maximum
frequency component
(`bandwidth’) of the signal
18
Gjendemsjø, A. Aliasing Applet, Connexions, http://cnx.org/content/m11448/1.14
19. Limitations of DSP - Antialias Filter
• Sampling theorem says there is enough information
to reconstruct the signal, which does not mean
sampled signal looks like original one
correct reconstruction is not
just connecting samples with
straight lines
needs antialias filter (to filter out all
high frequency components before
sampling) and the same for
reconstruction – it does remove
information though
Each sample
is taken at a
slightly earlier (recall from 1B Signal
part of a cycle and Data Analysis)
19
20. Limitations of DSP – Frequency Resolution
Most signals are analog in nature, and have to be sampled
loss of information
• we only take samples for a limited period of time
limited frequency
resolution
does not pick up “relatively”
slow changes
(recall from 1B Signal
and Data Analysis)
20
21. Limitations of DSP – Quantisation Error
Most signals are analog in nature, and have to be sampled
loss of information
• limited (by the number of bits available) precision in data
storage and arithmetic
quantisation error
smoothly varying signal
represented by “stepped”
waveform
(recall from 1B Signal
and Data Analysis)
21
22. Advantages of Digital over Analog Signal Processing
Why still do it?
• Digital system can be simply reprogrammed for other
applications / ported to different hardware / duplicated
(Reconfiguring analog system means hadware redesign, testing, verification)
• DSP provides better control of accuracy requirements
(Analog system depends on strict components tolerance, response may drift with
temperature)
• Digital signals can be easily stored without deterioration
(Analog signals are not easily transportable and often can’t be processed off-line)
• More sophisticated signal processing algorithms can be
implemented
(Difficult to perform precise mathematical operations in analog form)
22