Digital signal processors (DSPs) were originally developed in universities in the 1960s for signal processing research. DSPs became commercially viable in the 1980s with the introduction of cost-effective processors. DSPs are optimized for intensive math operations and real-time processing through features like loop hardware, data memory management, and saturation logic. Common DSP applications include digital communications, audio processing, and image processing. DSPs have had a significant impact on technologies like digital cellular phones, the internet, entertainment, and are now used widely.