The document provides an overview of industrialization and its effects on Western countries. It begins by stating that the lesson will cover industrialization and then provides 5 multiple choice questions about the Industrial Revolution, with answers. Some key points covered include: the Industrial Revolution beginning in Great Britain; wool being the most common material for clothing before; cottage industries processing raw materials; and Queen Victoria ruling during the Industrial Revolution.

1. Today we are learning about
industrialization and its effects on Western
countries

2. Answer the following questions using your clicker!
1. T/F The Industrial Revolution began in France
FALSE! Great Britain was the birthplace of
industrialization!

3. 2. Before the Industrial Revolution most clothing was
made out of:
a. Silk
b. Cotton
c. Wool
d. Flannel
C- Wool – cloth used in clothing had not changed much
from medieval times for the poor. Most people wore
linen underneath the wool garments although both
are itchy!

4. 3. T/F People in the mid 19th century often worked from
home processing a raw material for an entrepreneur.
True! A population boom created more rural peasants
who needed to work and agricultural work wasn’t
always available. This production method became
known as the cottage industry and cotton was the first
good effected by this.

5. 4. T/F James Hargreaves
named the spinning jenny
after his daughter.
???? – he never admitted this.
He did try to keep his
invention secret but other
spinners became suspicious
because his family produced
so much yarn. They burst into
his house, destroyed his
machine, and forced his
family to move away.

6.  5. T/F Queen Victoria
ruled England during the
Industrial Revolution.
 TRUE! Queen Victoria (1819-1901
Crowned 1838) and her German
cousin, Prince Albert brought many
great things to Great Britain. This
time period 1838-1901 was known as
Victorian Britain.
 The Great Exhibition
 Christmas Trees
 Public Education
 Dinosaurs!

7. Shop Britain First!

8.  Population boom = more work
needed
 Agricultural advances
 Higher yield per acre
 More & better food in diet
 Improved immune systems
 Decline in disease & warfare
 Florence Nightingale (Lady of the
Lamp)
 The Crimean War
 Press reported on military hospital conditions
 Cleaned up military hospitals
 Returned to ENG founded nursing school
 Draining of Marsh & Swap lands
 Decreased # of insects

9.  Method of production in which tasks are done by
individuals in their rural homes
 Entrepreneur  invest in raw materials family
perform processing steps Entrepreneur  pay workers 
export/sell in city
 Provided:
 Entrepreneur – cheap labor
 Rural workers – steady income
 Spinsters – unmarried and widowed
women who made their living by
spinning thread for weavers.

11. Using your chart match the following inventors with their
work!

12. 1. Townsend A. Landowners allowed to
fence off land
2. Tull
B. Steam pump
3. Enclosure movement
C. Crop rotation
4. Kay D. Spinning Jenny
5. Hargreaves E. Spinning Mule
6. Crompton F. Cotton Gin
7. Watt G. Power Loom
8. Cartwright H. Flying Shuttle
I. Seed Drill
J. Steam Engine

13. 9. Fulton A. Internal combustion engine (gasoline)
10. Morse B. telephone
11. Bell C. Radio
12. Tesla D. Airplane
E. Interchangeable parts
13. Marconi
F. Photograph, light bulb
14. Daimler
G. Assembly line
15. Wright
H. Attached steam engine on boat
I. telegraph
J. Electric coil

14. Today we are learning how the world was effected by the
inventions of the Industrial Revolution.

15.  Arkwright’s water frame
 Spin yarn/thread faster/stronger than spinning
jenny
 Too big for home operation
 Need for special buildings near water
 Need for worker in area
 Crompton’s spinning mule
 Spinning jenny + water frame
 Cartwright’s power loom
 Used steam to produce product faster than man
power
 The Luddites
 Disgruntled workers feared job loss or lower wages
 Australia bound
 What does this lead to?
 New labor system
 Shift work & Rural worker issues

16.  Mid 18th century- Eng – no forest
 Man/horse power – too slow
 Coal = answer
 Problem- Mines filled w/ water

17.  Thomas Savery’s steam-
powered pump
 Very dangerous, often
exploded
 – no movable parts

18.  Thomas Newcomen’s true steam-powered engine
 Boiler, piston, & cylinder

19.  James Watt’s
engine
 Fixed both
Thomas’
problems
 Steam cool away
from cylinder
 More efficient
and produced
more raw power

20.  Before 18th century no change from Middle Ages in
Iron production.
 Henry Cort’s puddling furnace
 Allowed pig(raw) iron to be refined w/coke(coal-H2O)
 Produced stronger iron
Iron Production Stats:
1740 1780s (after Cort’s invention) 1852
17,000 tons 70,000 tons 3 million tons
What does this lead to?

21.  Iron Industry
 Henry Cort, puddling (produces high quality iron)
 Stronger iron allows for new machines, esp. trains
 Railroad
 Richard Trevithick, steam-powered locomotive
 George Stephenson, Rocket, 1830
 Ripple effect
 Prices of goods fall; markets grow larger; increased
sales mean more factories and machinery; thus, self-
sustaining
 The Industrial Factory
 Workers in shifts
 Workers come from rural areas
 Regulations

22.  Population Growth and Urbanization
 European population 1750 -140 million
1850 - 266 million
 Decline of death rate
 Less war
 Less disease
 More food
 Growth of cities
 Poor living conditions
 Sanitation poor

23.  Potato crop infested
w/fungus
 1/3 of population depends
on potato to survive
 1 million people died
 1 million moved to US

24.  New Social Classes: The Industrial Middle Class
 New bourgeoisie/New elite
 Constructed the factories, purchased the machines,
figured out where the markets were
 Reduce the barriers between themselves and the landed
elite
 New Social Classes: The Industrial Working Class
 Poor working conditions
 12-16 hours per day, 6 days a week
 Women and children
 Paid ½ of what men get
 Factory Act of 1833 – minimum age to work - 9
 Efforts at Change
 Socialism – society (govt) owns factors of production
 Utopian socialists – all fail

25. 1. Arkwright’s water frame made stronger yarn but
wasn’t practical for _______ use.
2. The ________________ combined the spinning
jenny and the water frame.
3. The power loom was so ________ workers became
scared and began to protest.
4. The main problem with coal mines was ________.
5. The first steam pump was dangerous and often
__________ due to no movable parts.
6. The ultimate solution to the water/coal problem
was solved by ________.
7. Raw iron aka _____ iron.

26. Let’s play
Who Wants To Be A Cotton Millionaire

27.  More Industrial Revolution Fun!
 Quiz yourself!
 Review the inventions!
 Check your knowledge!

28. Match the inventor with what each was associated with

29. 1. Henry Ford A. Transportation
2. Jethro Tull B. Steel production
3. Henry Cort C. Agriculture
4. Richard Arkwright D. Textile production
5. Charles Townshend

30. Today we are learning about working conditions during the
Industrial Revolution

31.  Not until the 1820s
 Why work in a factory?
 Cottages works – step backwards
 No more setting own schedule
 Machinery
 Very dangerous

32.  Entire families hired
 All worked in home, so all worked in factories
 Men
 Hardest labor
 Women
 Operated machines
 Children
 Swept
 Picked up scraps
 Worked on machines

34.  http://www.schoolshistory.org.uk/IndustrialRevolutio
n/lifeduringindustrialrevolution.htm