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SECTION 2-5
Proving Segment Relationships
ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS
How do you write proofs involving segment addition?
How do you write proofs involving segment
congruence?
POSTULATES & THEOREMS
Ruler Postulate:
Segment Addition Postulate:
POSTULATES & THEOREMS
Ruler Postulate: The points on any line or segment can be put
into one-to-one correspondence with real numbers
Segment Addition Postulate:
POSTULATES & THEOREMS
Ruler Postulate: The points on any line or segment can be put
into one-to-one correspondence with real numbers
You can measure the distance between two points
Segment Addition Postulate:
POSTULATES & THEOREMS
Ruler Postulate: The points on any line or segment can be put
into one-to-one correspondence with real numbers
You can measure the distance between two points
Segment Addition Postulate: If A, B, and C are collinear, then B is
between A and C if and only if (IFF) AB + BC = AC
THEOREM 2.2 - PROPERTIES OF
SEGMENT CONGRUENCE
Reflexive Property of Congruence:
Symmetric Property of Congruence:
Transitive Property of Congruence:
THEOREM 2.2 - PROPERTIES OF
SEGMENT CONGRUENCE
Reflexive Property of Congruence:
Symmetric Property of Congruence:
Transitive Property of Congruence:
THEOREM 2.2 - PROPERTIES OF
SEGMENT CONGRUENCE
Reflexive Property of Congruence:
Symmetric Property of Congruence: If AB ≅ CD, then CD ≅ AB
Transitive Property of Congruence:
THEOREM 2.2 - PROPERTIES OF
SEGMENT CONGRUENCE
Reflexive Property of Congruence:
Symmetric Property of Congruence: If AB ≅ CD, then CD ≅ AB
Transitive Property of Congruence: If AB ≅ CD and CD ≅ EF, then
AB ≅ EF
EXAMPLE 1
Prove that if AB ≅ CD, then AC ≅ BD
EXAMPLE 1
Prove that if AB ≅ CD, then AC ≅ BD
1. AB ≅ CD
EXAMPLE 1
Prove that if AB ≅ CD, then AC ≅ BD
1. AB ≅ CD Given
EXAMPLE 1
Prove that if AB ≅ CD, then AC ≅ BD
1. AB ≅ CD Given
2. AB = CD
EXAMPLE 1
Prove that if AB ≅ CD, then AC ≅ BD
1. AB ≅ CD Given
2. AB = CD Def. of ≅ segments
EXAMPLE 1
Prove that if AB ≅ CD, then AC ≅ BD
1. AB ≅ CD Given
2. AB = CD Def. of ≅ segments
3. BC = BC
EXAMPLE 1
Prove that if AB ≅ CD, then AC ≅ BD
1. AB ≅ CD Given
2. AB = CD Def. of ≅ segments
3. BC = BC Reflexive property of equality
EXAMPLE 1
Prove that if AB ≅ CD, then AC ≅ BD
1. AB ≅ CD Given
2. AB = CD Def. of ≅ segments
3. BC = BC Reflexive property of equality
4. AB + BC = AC
EXAMPLE 1
Prove that if AB ≅ CD, then AC ≅ BD
1. AB ≅ CD Given
2. AB = CD Def. of ≅ segments
3. BC = BC Reflexive property of equality
4. AB + BC = AC Segment Addition
EXAMPLE 1
Prove that if AB ≅ CD, then AC ≅ BD
1. AB ≅ CD Given
2. AB = CD Def. of ≅ segments
3. BC = BC Reflexive property of equality
4. AB + BC = AC Segment Addition
5. CD + BC = AC
EXAMPLE 1
Prove that if AB ≅ CD, then AC ≅ BD
1. AB ≅ CD Given
2. AB = CD Def. of ≅ segments
3. BC = BC Reflexive property of equality
4. AB + BC = AC Segment Addition
5. CD + BC = AC Substitution prop. of equality
EXAMPLE 1
Prove that if AB ≅ CD, then AC ≅ BD
EXAMPLE 1
Prove that if AB ≅ CD, then AC ≅ BD
6. CD + BC = BD
EXAMPLE 1
Prove that if AB ≅ CD, then AC ≅ BD
6. CD + BC = BD Segment Addition
EXAMPLE 1
Prove that if AB ≅ CD, then AC ≅ BD
7. AC = BD
6. CD + BC = BD Segment Addition
EXAMPLE 1
Prove that if AB ≅ CD, then AC ≅ BD
7. AC = BD Substitution property of equality
6. CD + BC = BD Segment Addition
EXAMPLE 1
Prove that if AB ≅ CD, then AC ≅ BD
7. AC = BD Substitution property of equality
6. CD + BC = BD Segment Addition
8. AC ≅ BD
EXAMPLE 1
Prove that if AB ≅ CD, then AC ≅ BD
7. AC = BD Substitution property of equality
6. CD + BC = BD Segment Addition
8. AC ≅ BD Def. of ≅ segments
PROOF
The Transitive Property of Congruence
If AB ≅ CD and CD ≅ EF, then AB ≅ EF
PROOF
The Transitive Property of Congruence
If AB ≅ CD and CD ≅ EF, then AB ≅ EF
1. AB ≅ CD and CD ≅ EF
PROOF
The Transitive Property of Congruence
If AB ≅ CD and CD ≅ EF, then AB ≅ EF
1. AB ≅ CD and CD ≅ EF Given
PROOF
The Transitive Property of Congruence
If AB ≅ CD and CD ≅ EF, then AB ≅ EF
1. AB ≅ CD and CD ≅ EF Given
2. AB = CD and CD = EF
PROOF
The Transitive Property of Congruence
If AB ≅ CD and CD ≅ EF, then AB ≅ EF
1. AB ≅ CD and CD ≅ EF Given
2. AB = CD and CD = EF Def. of ≅ segments
PROOF
The Transitive Property of Congruence
If AB ≅ CD and CD ≅ EF, then AB ≅ EF
1. AB ≅ CD and CD ≅ EF Given
2. AB = CD and CD = EF Def. of ≅ segments
3. AB = EF
PROOF
The Transitive Property of Congruence
If AB ≅ CD and CD ≅ EF, then AB ≅ EF
1. AB ≅ CD and CD ≅ EF Given
2. AB = CD and CD = EF Def. of ≅ segments
3. AB = EF
Transitive property
of Equality
PROOF
The Transitive Property of Congruence
If AB ≅ CD and CD ≅ EF, then AB ≅ EF
1. AB ≅ CD and CD ≅ EF Given
2. AB = CD and CD = EF Def. of ≅ segments
3. AB = EF
Transitive property
of Equality
4. AB ≅ EF
PROOF
The Transitive Property of Congruence
If AB ≅ CD and CD ≅ EF, then AB ≅ EF
1. AB ≅ CD and CD ≅ EF Given
2. AB = CD and CD = EF Def. of ≅ segments
3. AB = EF
Transitive property
of Equality
4. AB ≅ EF Def. of ≅ segments
EXAMPLE 2
Matt Mitarnowski is designing a badge for his club. The length of
the top edge of the badge is equal to the length of the left edge of the
badge. The top edge of the badge is congruent to the right edge of the
badge, and the right edge of the badge is congruent to the bottom edge
of the badge. Prove that the bottom edge of the badge is congruent to
the left edge of the badge.
EXAMPLE 2
Matt Mitarnowski is designing a badge for his club. The length of
the top edge of the badge is equal to the length of the left edge of the
badge. The top edge of the badge is congruent to the right edge of the
badge, and the right edge of the badge is congruent to the bottom edge
of the badge. Prove that the bottom edge of the badge is congruent to
the left edge of the badge.
A B
CD
EXAMPLE 2
Matt Mitarnowski is designing a badge for his club. The length of
the top edge of the badge is equal to the length of the left edge of the
badge. The top edge of the badge is congruent to the right edge of the
badge, and the right edge of the badge is congruent to the bottom edge
of the badge. Prove that the bottom edge of the badge is congruent to
the left edge of the badge.
A B
CD
Given: AB = AD, AB ≅ BC, and BC ≅ CD
EXAMPLE 2
Matt Mitarnowski is designing a badge for his club. The length of
the top edge of the badge is equal to the length of the left edge of the
badge. The top edge of the badge is congruent to the right edge of the
badge, and the right edge of the badge is congruent to the bottom edge
of the badge. Prove that the bottom edge of the badge is congruent to
the left edge of the badge.
A B
CD
Prove: AD ≅ CD
Given: AB = AD, AB ≅ BC, and BC ≅ CD
EXAMPLE 2 A B
CD
EXAMPLE 2
1. AB = AD, AB ≅ BC, and
BC ≅ CD
A B
CD
EXAMPLE 2
1. AB = AD, AB ≅ BC, and
BC ≅ CD
Given
A B
CD
EXAMPLE 2
1. AB = AD, AB ≅ BC, and
BC ≅ CD
Given
2. AB ≅ AD
A B
CD
EXAMPLE 2
1. AB = AD, AB ≅ BC, and
BC ≅ CD
Given
2. AB ≅ AD Def. of ≅ segments
A B
CD
EXAMPLE 2
1. AB = AD, AB ≅ BC, and
BC ≅ CD
Given
2. AB ≅ AD Def. of ≅ segments
3. AB ≅ CD
A B
CD
EXAMPLE 2
1. AB = AD, AB ≅ BC, and
BC ≅ CD
Given
2. AB ≅ AD Def. of ≅ segments
3. AB ≅ CD Transitive property
A B
CD
EXAMPLE 2
1. AB = AD, AB ≅ BC, and
BC ≅ CD
Given
2. AB ≅ AD Def. of ≅ segments
3. AB ≅ CD Transitive property
4. AD ≅ AB
A B
CD
EXAMPLE 2
1. AB = AD, AB ≅ BC, and
BC ≅ CD
Given
2. AB ≅ AD Def. of ≅ segments
3. AB ≅ CD Transitive property
4. AD ≅ AB Symmetric property
A B
CD
EXAMPLE 2
1. AB = AD, AB ≅ BC, and
BC ≅ CD
Given
2. AB ≅ AD Def. of ≅ segments
3. AB ≅ CD Transitive property
4. AD ≅ AB Symmetric property
A B
CD
5. AD ≅ CD
EXAMPLE 2
1. AB = AD, AB ≅ BC, and
BC ≅ CD
Given
2. AB ≅ AD Def. of ≅ segments
3. AB ≅ CD Transitive property
4. AD ≅ AB Symmetric property
A B
CD
5. AD ≅ CD Transitive property

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Geometry Section 2-5

  • 2. ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS How do you write proofs involving segment addition? How do you write proofs involving segment congruence?
  • 3. POSTULATES & THEOREMS Ruler Postulate: Segment Addition Postulate:
  • 4. POSTULATES & THEOREMS Ruler Postulate: The points on any line or segment can be put into one-to-one correspondence with real numbers Segment Addition Postulate:
  • 5. POSTULATES & THEOREMS Ruler Postulate: The points on any line or segment can be put into one-to-one correspondence with real numbers You can measure the distance between two points Segment Addition Postulate:
  • 6. POSTULATES & THEOREMS Ruler Postulate: The points on any line or segment can be put into one-to-one correspondence with real numbers You can measure the distance between two points Segment Addition Postulate: If A, B, and C are collinear, then B is between A and C if and only if (IFF) AB + BC = AC
  • 7. THEOREM 2.2 - PROPERTIES OF SEGMENT CONGRUENCE Reflexive Property of Congruence: Symmetric Property of Congruence: Transitive Property of Congruence:
  • 8. THEOREM 2.2 - PROPERTIES OF SEGMENT CONGRUENCE Reflexive Property of Congruence: Symmetric Property of Congruence: Transitive Property of Congruence:
  • 9. THEOREM 2.2 - PROPERTIES OF SEGMENT CONGRUENCE Reflexive Property of Congruence: Symmetric Property of Congruence: If AB ≅ CD, then CD ≅ AB Transitive Property of Congruence:
  • 10. THEOREM 2.2 - PROPERTIES OF SEGMENT CONGRUENCE Reflexive Property of Congruence: Symmetric Property of Congruence: If AB ≅ CD, then CD ≅ AB Transitive Property of Congruence: If AB ≅ CD and CD ≅ EF, then AB ≅ EF
  • 11. EXAMPLE 1 Prove that if AB ≅ CD, then AC ≅ BD
  • 12. EXAMPLE 1 Prove that if AB ≅ CD, then AC ≅ BD 1. AB ≅ CD
  • 13. EXAMPLE 1 Prove that if AB ≅ CD, then AC ≅ BD 1. AB ≅ CD Given
  • 14. EXAMPLE 1 Prove that if AB ≅ CD, then AC ≅ BD 1. AB ≅ CD Given 2. AB = CD
  • 15. EXAMPLE 1 Prove that if AB ≅ CD, then AC ≅ BD 1. AB ≅ CD Given 2. AB = CD Def. of ≅ segments
  • 16. EXAMPLE 1 Prove that if AB ≅ CD, then AC ≅ BD 1. AB ≅ CD Given 2. AB = CD Def. of ≅ segments 3. BC = BC
  • 17. EXAMPLE 1 Prove that if AB ≅ CD, then AC ≅ BD 1. AB ≅ CD Given 2. AB = CD Def. of ≅ segments 3. BC = BC Reflexive property of equality
  • 18. EXAMPLE 1 Prove that if AB ≅ CD, then AC ≅ BD 1. AB ≅ CD Given 2. AB = CD Def. of ≅ segments 3. BC = BC Reflexive property of equality 4. AB + BC = AC
  • 19. EXAMPLE 1 Prove that if AB ≅ CD, then AC ≅ BD 1. AB ≅ CD Given 2. AB = CD Def. of ≅ segments 3. BC = BC Reflexive property of equality 4. AB + BC = AC Segment Addition
  • 20. EXAMPLE 1 Prove that if AB ≅ CD, then AC ≅ BD 1. AB ≅ CD Given 2. AB = CD Def. of ≅ segments 3. BC = BC Reflexive property of equality 4. AB + BC = AC Segment Addition 5. CD + BC = AC
  • 21. EXAMPLE 1 Prove that if AB ≅ CD, then AC ≅ BD 1. AB ≅ CD Given 2. AB = CD Def. of ≅ segments 3. BC = BC Reflexive property of equality 4. AB + BC = AC Segment Addition 5. CD + BC = AC Substitution prop. of equality
  • 22. EXAMPLE 1 Prove that if AB ≅ CD, then AC ≅ BD
  • 23. EXAMPLE 1 Prove that if AB ≅ CD, then AC ≅ BD 6. CD + BC = BD
  • 24. EXAMPLE 1 Prove that if AB ≅ CD, then AC ≅ BD 6. CD + BC = BD Segment Addition
  • 25. EXAMPLE 1 Prove that if AB ≅ CD, then AC ≅ BD 7. AC = BD 6. CD + BC = BD Segment Addition
  • 26. EXAMPLE 1 Prove that if AB ≅ CD, then AC ≅ BD 7. AC = BD Substitution property of equality 6. CD + BC = BD Segment Addition
  • 27. EXAMPLE 1 Prove that if AB ≅ CD, then AC ≅ BD 7. AC = BD Substitution property of equality 6. CD + BC = BD Segment Addition 8. AC ≅ BD
  • 28. EXAMPLE 1 Prove that if AB ≅ CD, then AC ≅ BD 7. AC = BD Substitution property of equality 6. CD + BC = BD Segment Addition 8. AC ≅ BD Def. of ≅ segments
  • 29. PROOF The Transitive Property of Congruence If AB ≅ CD and CD ≅ EF, then AB ≅ EF
  • 30. PROOF The Transitive Property of Congruence If AB ≅ CD and CD ≅ EF, then AB ≅ EF 1. AB ≅ CD and CD ≅ EF
  • 31. PROOF The Transitive Property of Congruence If AB ≅ CD and CD ≅ EF, then AB ≅ EF 1. AB ≅ CD and CD ≅ EF Given
  • 32. PROOF The Transitive Property of Congruence If AB ≅ CD and CD ≅ EF, then AB ≅ EF 1. AB ≅ CD and CD ≅ EF Given 2. AB = CD and CD = EF
  • 33. PROOF The Transitive Property of Congruence If AB ≅ CD and CD ≅ EF, then AB ≅ EF 1. AB ≅ CD and CD ≅ EF Given 2. AB = CD and CD = EF Def. of ≅ segments
  • 34. PROOF The Transitive Property of Congruence If AB ≅ CD and CD ≅ EF, then AB ≅ EF 1. AB ≅ CD and CD ≅ EF Given 2. AB = CD and CD = EF Def. of ≅ segments 3. AB = EF
  • 35. PROOF The Transitive Property of Congruence If AB ≅ CD and CD ≅ EF, then AB ≅ EF 1. AB ≅ CD and CD ≅ EF Given 2. AB = CD and CD = EF Def. of ≅ segments 3. AB = EF Transitive property of Equality
  • 36. PROOF The Transitive Property of Congruence If AB ≅ CD and CD ≅ EF, then AB ≅ EF 1. AB ≅ CD and CD ≅ EF Given 2. AB = CD and CD = EF Def. of ≅ segments 3. AB = EF Transitive property of Equality 4. AB ≅ EF
  • 37. PROOF The Transitive Property of Congruence If AB ≅ CD and CD ≅ EF, then AB ≅ EF 1. AB ≅ CD and CD ≅ EF Given 2. AB = CD and CD = EF Def. of ≅ segments 3. AB = EF Transitive property of Equality 4. AB ≅ EF Def. of ≅ segments
  • 38. EXAMPLE 2 Matt Mitarnowski is designing a badge for his club. The length of the top edge of the badge is equal to the length of the left edge of the badge. The top edge of the badge is congruent to the right edge of the badge, and the right edge of the badge is congruent to the bottom edge of the badge. Prove that the bottom edge of the badge is congruent to the left edge of the badge.
  • 39. EXAMPLE 2 Matt Mitarnowski is designing a badge for his club. The length of the top edge of the badge is equal to the length of the left edge of the badge. The top edge of the badge is congruent to the right edge of the badge, and the right edge of the badge is congruent to the bottom edge of the badge. Prove that the bottom edge of the badge is congruent to the left edge of the badge. A B CD
  • 40. EXAMPLE 2 Matt Mitarnowski is designing a badge for his club. The length of the top edge of the badge is equal to the length of the left edge of the badge. The top edge of the badge is congruent to the right edge of the badge, and the right edge of the badge is congruent to the bottom edge of the badge. Prove that the bottom edge of the badge is congruent to the left edge of the badge. A B CD Given: AB = AD, AB ≅ BC, and BC ≅ CD
  • 41. EXAMPLE 2 Matt Mitarnowski is designing a badge for his club. The length of the top edge of the badge is equal to the length of the left edge of the badge. The top edge of the badge is congruent to the right edge of the badge, and the right edge of the badge is congruent to the bottom edge of the badge. Prove that the bottom edge of the badge is congruent to the left edge of the badge. A B CD Prove: AD ≅ CD Given: AB = AD, AB ≅ BC, and BC ≅ CD
  • 42. EXAMPLE 2 A B CD
  • 43. EXAMPLE 2 1. AB = AD, AB ≅ BC, and BC ≅ CD A B CD
  • 44. EXAMPLE 2 1. AB = AD, AB ≅ BC, and BC ≅ CD Given A B CD
  • 45. EXAMPLE 2 1. AB = AD, AB ≅ BC, and BC ≅ CD Given 2. AB ≅ AD A B CD
  • 46. EXAMPLE 2 1. AB = AD, AB ≅ BC, and BC ≅ CD Given 2. AB ≅ AD Def. of ≅ segments A B CD
  • 47. EXAMPLE 2 1. AB = AD, AB ≅ BC, and BC ≅ CD Given 2. AB ≅ AD Def. of ≅ segments 3. AB ≅ CD A B CD
  • 48. EXAMPLE 2 1. AB = AD, AB ≅ BC, and BC ≅ CD Given 2. AB ≅ AD Def. of ≅ segments 3. AB ≅ CD Transitive property A B CD
  • 49. EXAMPLE 2 1. AB = AD, AB ≅ BC, and BC ≅ CD Given 2. AB ≅ AD Def. of ≅ segments 3. AB ≅ CD Transitive property 4. AD ≅ AB A B CD
  • 50. EXAMPLE 2 1. AB = AD, AB ≅ BC, and BC ≅ CD Given 2. AB ≅ AD Def. of ≅ segments 3. AB ≅ CD Transitive property 4. AD ≅ AB Symmetric property A B CD
  • 51. EXAMPLE 2 1. AB = AD, AB ≅ BC, and BC ≅ CD Given 2. AB ≅ AD Def. of ≅ segments 3. AB ≅ CD Transitive property 4. AD ≅ AB Symmetric property A B CD 5. AD ≅ CD
  • 52. EXAMPLE 2 1. AB = AD, AB ≅ BC, and BC ≅ CD Given 2. AB ≅ AD Def. of ≅ segments 3. AB ≅ CD Transitive property 4. AD ≅ AB Symmetric property A B CD 5. AD ≅ CD Transitive property