Primary fuels – Fuels which occur naturally such as coal, crude petroleum and natural gas. Coal and crude petroleum, formed from organic matter many millions of years ago, are referred to as fossil fuels. Secondary fuels – Fuels which are derived from naturally occurring ones by a treatment process such as coke, gasoline, coal gas etc.

1. 1

2. CLASSIFICATION OF FUEL
2
FUEL
OCCURENCE
PHYSICAL
STATE

3. On the basis of
occurrence
3
FUEL
PRIMARY OR
NATURAL FUEL
SECONDARY OR
ARTIFICIAL FUEL

4. CLASSIFICATION OF
FUEL
Fuels are classified as
4
• Primary fuels – Fuels which occur
naturally such as coal, crude petroleum
and natural gas. Coal and crude
petroleum, formed from organic matter
many millions of years ago, are referred
to as fossil fuels.
• Secondary fuels – Fuels which are
derived from naturally occurring ones
by a treatment process such as coke,
gasoline, coal gas etc.

5. On basis of physical
state
FUEL
5
SOLID LIQUID GAS

6. FUEL
Primary Fuels
Solid
Eg. Wood,peat
Liquid
Eg.crude oil
Gas
Eg.Natural gas
Secondary fuels
Solid
EgCoke,charcoa
l
Liquid
Eg. Petrol ,LPG
Gas
Eg.coal gas
,water gas
6

7. What are fossil fuels?
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Solid Gas
Fossil fuels took millions of years to form. Once they are used, we cannot
replace them. Most coal was formed from plants which grew 300 million
years ago. The time period is called CARBONIFEROUS.
Liquid

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9. 10

10. • The ranking sequence is:Wood Peat
Lignite (brown
coal) Bituminous
Coal Anthracite
• In general, deposits close to the surface
which can be worked by strip mining
produce a more economical fuel than
deep mined coal.
10

11. OIL
(PETROLEUM)
12

12. How oil and gas were
formed
1. In the ocean - Plants use sun’s energy to
survive and animals get their energy by eating
plants
2. Plants and animals in ocean die. The one’s that
are not eaten fall to the bottom of the sea.
3. A few millions of years later - layers of mud forms on
top of
the dead animals and plants
4. Another few millions of years later - layers of sand
builds up on top of the mud
5. Pressure of all these layers of mud and sand squashes
and
turns in to mud stone
6. Pressure of all these layers of mud and sand
squashes and turns plants and animals to oil and
natural gas
7. Now, scientist burn oil and gas in power stations but 13

13. FOSSIL FUELS
85% of the world’s
commercial energy
COA
L
OI
NATURAL 14

14. Even though it was not made from dead plants or animals, nuclear fuel is
considered to be a fossil fuel because it comes from the ground and is
running out.
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OIL and NATURAL GAS (Methane)
Made from the decayed remains of sea creatures which
died millions of years ago

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16. 16

17. Advantages of Natural Gas
• Cleaner to burn
– Half as much CO2 as coal
• More efficient
– 10% energy lost
• 60-year supply at current rates
17

18. Disadvantages of Natural Gas
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• Difficult to transport
– Pipelines
– Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) tanker
• Can be
polluting, dangerous when extracted
• Methane bed drilling pollutes

19. THANKYOU
Presented by Eswar Dutt Chennamsetti 18981A0350