This biology seminar discusses non-renewable resources, specifically fossil fuels. It explains that fossil fuels are formed from the remains of dead plants and animals buried under layers of sediment over long periods of time. As these remains are subjected to high heat and pressure underground, they slowly transform into fossil fuels like coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Fossil fuels are widely used as fuel sources but are only available in limited quantities, so conservation efforts are important. Some ways to conserve fossil fuels discussed include using more efficient forms of transportation, insulation, and alternative energy sources when possible.

1. BIOLOGY SEMINAR
PERFOMED BY:-
OM UMBARKAR

3. Non-Renewable Resources
 Non-renewable resources or fossil fuels are
the natural resources that are available only in
limited quantities and cannot be replenished,
at least in the near future. Therefore, wise
utilization of these resources is very
important.
 A fuel is any type of material that stores
energy and can be burnt to supply heat.

4. Origin of fossil fuel
• Fossil fuel are formed from the fossil remains of dead plants
and animals.
• When any plant or animal dies, its body gradually gets
buried under the layers of sand, on land or in sea. New and
new layers of sand keep depsiting over these dead plants
and animals
• This builds up extremely high temperature and pressure
inside the earth, which slowly converts the dead remains of
plants and animals into fossil fuel, like, coal, petroleum, or
natural gas.
• We get petroleum by drilling holes into the earth’s crust,
where oil is found. Natural gas comes out first through the
rocks with great pressure, after which petroleum is pumped
out of the oil wells.

5. • Petroleum (‘petra’-means deep under earth &
‘oleum’ means crude oil. As petroleum is a crude
oil and can’t be used directly, therefore, it is
refined.
• Refining of petroleum not only gives petrol, but
also useful products like – petrol, diesel, natural
gas, gasoline, petroleum jelly, coal tar, etc.
• At a refinery, crude oil is separated by the process
of fractional distillation. Crude oil is first heated up
and made to pass through a distillation tower,
which separates the components of crude oil.

7. Uses of Fossil Fuels
• Fossil fuel’s are widely used all over the world
and in large amount.
• Mainly used:
i. Gas(LPG) cylinder
ii. Bonfires
iii. Automobiles
iv. Power stations
v. Factories

8. Conservation of fossil fuels
• We need to conserve these fossil fuels
because they are only in limited quantities,
and we are using excess of it.
• Scientists have been trying to invent eco-
friendly automobiles, and other things to save
or to conserve fossil fuel before it is very late,
and become an history.

9. Ways to conserve non-renewable
resources
1. Using bicycle or go by walking for nearer
distances.
2. Using CNG vehicles or electrical cars, mopeds,
bikes, etc. reduces usage of fossil fuels.
3. Going by carpools or public transport to travel.
4. Fitting our homes with insulation to limit the
amount of heat that is lost through roofs and the
walls.
5. Using devices like solar cooker, solar water
heater, etc. that use renewable sources of energy.

10. 6. Using more of tubelights and CFL bulbs in place
of lamps, which consume more energy.
7. Gas pipes, oil pipes, and water pipes should be
well- maintained to avoid loss of resources.
8. Turn off electrical appliances when they are not
in use.
9. Produce electricity by radioactive substances
instead of coal. (1mg of uranium= 1000 tons of
coal)