Overview of temples
The name Khajuraho is derived from its Sanskrit nomenclature ‘Kharjuravahaka’ which is the confluence of two Sanskrit words ‘Kharjur’ meaning date palm and ‘Vahaka’ meaning bearer. There are about 25 temples spread over an area of approximately 6 square Km. The temples are grouped into three categories depending on their orientation – the Western Group of Temples, the Eastern Group of Temples and the Southern Group of Temples. These temples are dedicated to several Hindu Gods and Goddesses along with deities in Jain beliefs. Among the temples that are standing till now, 6 are dedicated to Lord Shiva, 8 to Lord Vishnu, 1 each to Lord Ganesha and the Sun God, while 3 are dedicated to Jain Tirthankaras. The largest of the temples is the Kandariya Mahadeo Temple that is dedicated to the glory of lord Shiva. It makes Khajuraho one of the four holy sites dedicated to the glory of Lord Shiva, the other three being Gaya, Kashi and Kedarnath.
13 Fintech Startups to Watch in 2017 | Ajay NagpalAjay Nagpal
Ajay Nagpal identifies thirteen fintech startups that should be watched in 2017. Please visit Ajay-Napal.com to learn more about fintech and financial literacy.
13 Fintech Startups to Watch in 2017 | Ajay NagpalAjay Nagpal
Ajay Nagpal identifies thirteen fintech startups that should be watched in 2017. Please visit Ajay-Napal.com to learn more about fintech and financial literacy.
Lorn Huxley is the Global Managing Director for How's That Not Out. He's helped countries around the world further optimize their marketing strategy and utilize their resources more efficiently.
We talk a lot about how communication has changed from the Mad Men era until today’s digitally driven consumer interaction. But what’s next for the advertising industry that many of us love (and a lot of us love to hate)?
Smart Retail Concepts using Artificial IntelligenceGokul Alex
My session on #SmartRetail presented in #MOBConf #DevCon2018 at Meetup Cafe in Kerala Startup Mission #KSUM. This presentation delves deeper into the convergence of Artificial Intelligence, Retail Value Chain and Digital Economy.
Design Thinking methods lately have been used in a much broader aspect than what's been thought before.
Corporates, Organizations and even Governments have discovered the power of design in solving what's labeled as the "wicked problems" by applying design thinking methods solving those problems, and have shown really great success in that.
They are using Design methods in Business sectors, Public sectors and even in Policy Making in some European countries like the UK and Denmark.
That explains alot about why American bank Capital One acquires a specialized Design Consultancy like Adaptive path, and why IBM are investing 100 Million Dollars hiring 1,000 Designers globally.
Whether it is your business, your home or your automobiles, none of your properties are away from the reach of the intruders. Until and unless you take some major steps for their security, you cannot expect them to be safe. Find out some important and easy ways to safeguard your home.
Think cover letters don't matter? Think again. Learn how recruiters really evaluate them, based on my experience hiring at LinkedIn and startups.
Learn more at www.breakinto.tech
T minus 10 - Rocket Scientist Livingston HolderDylan Taylor
T minus 10 interview series by space industry leader Dylan Taylor. This episode features NASA qualified Astronaut and rocket scientist, Livingston Holder.
Converging broadcast, telco and social media is a case study I presented at the Broadcast Conference Asia 2015.
This is the second year in a row that I spoke about online news television at the BCA, and in this particular event, I spoke about the experiences I've encountered in applying true convergence and what it takes to make it work on the ground level.
O WebPesados é primeiro e maior marketplace de veículos e equipamentos pesados da América Latina. Através do Leilão, Feirão e Classificados, tanto os vendedores quanto os compradores negociam máquinas e veículos pesados com segurança e transparência.
Understanding Focault's Concept of Power Through the 1975 EmergencySiddhanth Nadkarni
It has often been argued that Western political templates do not apply to Indian Polity. While that is absolutely true for the most part, this is one instance where I believe some congruence can be found. I hope the post is insightful
Lorn Huxley is the Global Managing Director for How's That Not Out. He's helped countries around the world further optimize their marketing strategy and utilize their resources more efficiently.
We talk a lot about how communication has changed from the Mad Men era until today’s digitally driven consumer interaction. But what’s next for the advertising industry that many of us love (and a lot of us love to hate)?
Smart Retail Concepts using Artificial IntelligenceGokul Alex
My session on #SmartRetail presented in #MOBConf #DevCon2018 at Meetup Cafe in Kerala Startup Mission #KSUM. This presentation delves deeper into the convergence of Artificial Intelligence, Retail Value Chain and Digital Economy.
Design Thinking methods lately have been used in a much broader aspect than what's been thought before.
Corporates, Organizations and even Governments have discovered the power of design in solving what's labeled as the "wicked problems" by applying design thinking methods solving those problems, and have shown really great success in that.
They are using Design methods in Business sectors, Public sectors and even in Policy Making in some European countries like the UK and Denmark.
That explains alot about why American bank Capital One acquires a specialized Design Consultancy like Adaptive path, and why IBM are investing 100 Million Dollars hiring 1,000 Designers globally.
Whether it is your business, your home or your automobiles, none of your properties are away from the reach of the intruders. Until and unless you take some major steps for their security, you cannot expect them to be safe. Find out some important and easy ways to safeguard your home.
Think cover letters don't matter? Think again. Learn how recruiters really evaluate them, based on my experience hiring at LinkedIn and startups.
Learn more at www.breakinto.tech
T minus 10 - Rocket Scientist Livingston HolderDylan Taylor
T minus 10 interview series by space industry leader Dylan Taylor. This episode features NASA qualified Astronaut and rocket scientist, Livingston Holder.
Converging broadcast, telco and social media is a case study I presented at the Broadcast Conference Asia 2015.
This is the second year in a row that I spoke about online news television at the BCA, and in this particular event, I spoke about the experiences I've encountered in applying true convergence and what it takes to make it work on the ground level.
O WebPesados é primeiro e maior marketplace de veículos e equipamentos pesados da América Latina. Através do Leilão, Feirão e Classificados, tanto os vendedores quanto os compradores negociam máquinas e veículos pesados com segurança e transparência.
Understanding Focault's Concept of Power Through the 1975 EmergencySiddhanth Nadkarni
It has often been argued that Western political templates do not apply to Indian Polity. While that is absolutely true for the most part, this is one instance where I believe some congruence can be found. I hope the post is insightful
Want to land a sweet tech job? But not sure how to break in? Discover the seven secrets that took me from teaching kindergarten to landing jobs at Apple, LinkedIn, and startups!
I Am Not a Rock Star: Alcoholism & Addiction in TechTimothy Michael
This is an exploration of alcoholism and addiction in tech. Tech culture is wonderful is so many ways, but is a potential petri dish for alcoholism and addiction to thrive.
6 Different Components of Bentley Transmission Found in Mission ViejoMark Douglas Motorworks
Transmission is an important component of the Bentley, so you have to understand the different parts of the transmission and the way it works. For the smooth functioning of the transmission, the valve body is receiving a signal from the TCM to move in first gear. Several components are handling all the functions of the automatic transmission in Bentley. The following slides define all the components of the transmission in your Bentley.
The Ultron Foundation is a decentralized financial platform that provides an innovative solution to the scalability and volatility issues plaguing existing DeFi systems. It succeeds in this by bridging centralized and decentralized solutions with cost-effective, easy-to-understand options for passive gain generation from digital asset holders.
Dioz Group is a family controlled organizationDioz Group
Dioz Group is a family controlled organization, incepted in the 2006. Playing as an international leader in the community and excelling in manufacturing, designing and 360 marketing they are evolving since birth.
Ethereum is an open-source, public, blockchain-based distributed computing platform featuring smart contract functionality.
At its simplest, Ethereum is an open software platform based on blockchain technology that enables developers to build and deploy decentralized applications.
In the Ethereum blockchain, instead of mining for bitcoin, miners work to earn Ether, a type of crypto token that fuels the network.
Ethereum enables developers to build and deploy decentralized applications. A decentralized application or Dapp serve some particular purpose to its users.
Beyond a tradeable cryptocurrency, Ether is also used by application developers to pay for transaction fees and services on the Ethereum network.
Ethereum Poster- blockgeeks.com
Discover the power of introversion and how it can benefit you in our mini book, 'What is Introversion and Why It Can Be Your Advantage.' In this concise and insightful guide, we delve into the world of introversion, exploring its meaning, characteristics, and the unique strengths it brings to individuals.
This mini book features a short test to help you gauge your level of introversion, allowing you to gain a better understanding of yourself. Additionally, we provide a curated list of useful links and resources for further exploration and self-reflection.
Explore the advantages of introversion, such as deep reflection and insight, focused concentration, meaningful connections, independent thinking, and the ability to recharge through self-rejuvenation. Embrace your introverted nature and harness its power to enhance your personal and professional life.
Whether you are an introvert seeking validation and guidance or an extrovert interested in understanding introversion better, 'What is Introversion and Why It Can Be Your Advantage' offers valuable insights and practical knowledge. Discover how introversion can be a valuable asset in a world that often celebrates extroversion.
Unlock the potential of introversion and gain a new perspective on your unique strengths. Dive into this enlightening mini book today and unleash the power of introversion!
Disclaimer: Please note that this mini book is intended for informational and entertainment purposes only. For a more comprehensive understanding of introversion and to explore your individual traits, it is recommended to consult a certified specialist or psychologist https://cases.media/en/article/best-side-hustles-for-introverts-how-to-make-some-extra-money-if-you-are-shy-and-not-too-sociable
It is time to start thinking about your health, your life plan, and your progress toward your goals and well-being. An organized plan for a healthy year.
Scott A. Schlager finds contemporary art extremely enlightening. Some of his favorite contemporary artists are: Frank Stella, Julian Opie, Mel Bochner, Anish Kapoor, and Roy Lichtenstein.
Cast iron is a group of iron-carbon alloys with a carbon content more than 2%. Its usefulness derives from its relatively low melting temperature. The alloy constituents affect its colour when fractured: white cast iron has carbide impurities.
History:
Cast iron was invented in China in the 5th century BC and poured into molds to make ploughshares and pots as well as weapons and pagodas. Although steel was more desirable, cast iron was cheaper and thus was more commonly used for implements in ancient China, while wrought iron or steel was used for weapons.
The cast-iron is manufactured by re-melting pig-iron with coke and limestone. This re-melting is done in a furnace known as the cupola furnace. It is more or less same as the blast furnace, but it is smaller in size. Its shape is cylindrical with diameter of about 1 m and height of about 5 m.
The working of cupola furnace is also similar to that of blast furnace. The raw materials are fed from top. The cupola furnace is worked intermittently and it is open at top. After the raw materials are placed, the furnace is fired and blast of air is forced through tuyeres. The blast of air is cold as the impurities in pig-iron are removed by the oxidation
#design #architecture #interior #homedesign #house #interiors #construction #deco #interiordesigner #designinspiration #interiorstyling #interiordecor #arquitectura #architecturephotography #kitchendesign #modern #building #architecturelovers #homestyle #bedroom #archilovers #instahome #homestyling #lighting #project #architecturedesign #villa #archdaily #moderndesign #housedesign
Buddhist religious architecture developed in the Indian subcontinent.
Three types of structures are associated with the religious architecture of early Buddhism:
monasteries , places to venerate relics , and shrines or prayer halls , also called , which later came to be called temples in some places.
Steel is an alloy of iron and a number of other elements, mainly carbon, that has a high tensile strength and relatively low cost.
Steel is one of the most sustainable construction materials. Its strength and durability coupled to its ability to be recycled, again and again, without ever losing quality make it truly compatible with long term sustainable development.
The versatility of steel gives architects the freedom to achieve their most ambitious visions.
High carbon steel
Mild steel
Medium carbon steel
Stainless steel
high steel
Cobalt steel
Nickel chromium
Aluminium steel
Chromium steel
At its narrow upper end it has an opening through which the iron to be treated is introduced and the finished product is poured out
The wide end, or bottom, has a number of perforations through which the air is forced upward into the converter during operation.
As the air passes upward through the molten pig iron, impurities such as silicon, manganese, and carbon unite with the oxygen in the air to form oxides; the carbon monoxide burns off with a blue flame and the other impurities form slag.
Eating is an activity for living beings in the daily life living. It is necessary to eat food because to get strength and potential to complete our daily tasks and moreover to live life.
Humans eat food by cooking the food in the kitchen in different manner.
After cooking the food humans eat food in the dining room or same various places they may like.
#design #architecture #interior #homedesign #house #interiors #construction #deco #interiordesigner #designinspiration #interiorstyling #interiordecor #arquitectura #architecturephotography #kitchendesign #modern #building #architecturelovers #homestyle #bedroom #archilovers #instahome #homestyling #lighting #project #architecturedesign #villa #archdaily #moderndesign #housedesign
One of the simplest ways to avoid creating noisy learning rooms is to locate them far enough away from high noise sources such as mechanical equipment, heavy vehicle traffic, music practice rooms, stadiums, or other outdoor spaces that frequently used for noisy activities.
Learning rooms shall be designed to provide adequate acoustical separation from all other interior and exterior noise sources. Meet or exceed the following requirements:
• 50 STC Walls, ceilings, floors, movable or folding partitions
• 40 STC Doors and windows near high noise areas
• 28 STC Doors and windows near low noise areas
Water is considered a fundamental and primary resource, a human right, Water is a resource that is essential for life and its development. We need water to drink, for our personal hygiene, to produce the food we eat, but also for our economic activities and to produce energy. Unfortunately. however, in some parts of the world water is a very scarce resource and only few lucky people have a water supply which is easy to obtain. In fact, it is estimated that over a billion people do not have access to drinking water and 40% of the world population lives in very poor hygienic conditions. Many countries have already exceeded what is defined peak water, maximum sustainable water withdrawal.
Biodegradable waste consists of organics that can be utilized for food by naturally occurring micro- organisms within a reasonable length of time. The biodegradable organic comprise of agro residue, food processing rejections, municipal solid waste (food waste, leaves from garden waste, paper, cloths/ rags etc.), waste from poultry farms, cattle farm slaughter houses, dairy, sugar, distillery, paper, oil extraction plant, starch processing and leather industries.
Non-Biodegradable organic materials are organics resistant to biological degradation or have a very low degradation rate. This primarily includes woody plants, Cardboard, cartons, containers, wrappings, pouches, discarded clothing, wooden furniture, agricultural dry waste, bagasse, rice husk etc.
Transformations of Forms
Principle of Transformation is about applying changes in a unique
places of a design.
The Transformation of Forms are classified into 3 types
1. Dimensional Transformation
2. Subtractive Transformation
3. Additive Transformation(which is divided into 9 types
- Spatial Tension
- Edge To Edge
- Face To Face
- Interlocking
- Centralised
- Linear
- Radial
- Clustered
- Grid
DIMENSIONAL
TRANSFORMATION
:- This transformation occurs when
one or more of a structures dimensions
are transformed
In this Building, the Curve
of the Roof decreases
from the Centre of the hall
to the Entrance in one
shape divided into
many....
SUBTRACTIVE
TRANSFORMATION
:- This Transformation occurs when
a portion of it’s volume is
subtracted
In this Building, Negative
spaces are giving the Design
form of the Building a
Subtractive Transformation ...
ADDITIVE
TRANSFORMATION
:- This Transformation occurs when
elements are added into the design .
Spatial Tension
Transformation
This Additive Transformation is about
object combined while having space
between them...
In this Building, the floor to floor design
change and the gaps between are giving this
building a Spatial Tension between the
Floors....
Edge to Edge
Transformation
This Additive Transformation is where the
forms are sharing a common edge
In this Building, The floors that
are in contact combining and
connecting ....
Face to Face
Transformation
In this Additive Transformation, where the
forms have corresponding surfaces which are
parallel to one another...
In this Building, the roofs of the
rooms are in a similar shape
and order...
Interlocking
Transformation
In this Addition Transformation, where
the forms are inter connected to one
another...
In this Building, the floors of the
adjacent sides are showing
different space(negative &
positive) respectively...
Non Ferrous Metals (BUILDING MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION)Andhra University
Non-Ferrous Metals
Non-ferrous metals include aluminum, copper, lead, zinc and tin, as well as precious metals like gold and silver. Their main advantage over ferrous materials is their malleability. They also have no iron content, giving them a higher resistance to rust and corrosion, and making them ideal for gutters, liquid pipes, roofing and outdoor signs. Lastly they are non-magnetic, which is important for many electronic and wiring applications.
Aluminum
Aluminum is lightweight, soft and low strength. Aluminum is easily cast, forged, machined and welded. It’s not suitable for high-temperature environments. Because aluminum is lightweight, it is a good choice for the manufacturing of aircraft and food cans. Aluminum is also used in castings, pistons, railways, cars, and kitchen utensils.
Explore the multifaceted world of Muntadher Saleh, an Iraqi polymath renowned for his expertise in visual art, writing, design, and pharmacy. This SlideShare delves into his innovative contributions across various disciplines, showcasing his unique ability to blend traditional themes with modern aesthetics. Learn about his impactful artworks, thought-provoking literary pieces, and his vision as a Neo-Pop artist dedicated to raising awareness about Iraq's cultural heritage. Discover why Muntadher Saleh is celebrated as "The Last Polymath" and how his multidisciplinary talents continue to inspire and influence.
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2137ad - Characters that live in Merindol and are at the center of main storiesluforfor
Kurgan is a russian expatriate that is secretly in love with Sonia Contado. Henry is a british soldier that took refuge in Merindol Colony in 2137ad. He is the lover of Sonia Contado.
2137ad Merindol Colony Interiors where refugee try to build a seemengly norm...luforfor
This are the interiors of the Merindol Colony in 2137ad after the Climate Change Collapse and the Apocalipse Wars. Merindol is a small Colony in the Italian Alps where there are around 4000 humans. The Colony values mainly around meritocracy and selection by effort.
thGAP - BAbyss in Moderno!! Transgenic Human Germline Alternatives ProjectMarc Dusseiller Dusjagr
thGAP - Transgenic Human Germline Alternatives Project, presents an evening of input lectures, discussions and a performative workshop on artistic interventions for future scenarios of human genetic and inheritable modifications.
To begin our lecturers, Marc Dusseiller aka "dusjagr" and Rodrigo Martin Iglesias, will give an overview of their transdisciplinary practices, including the history of hackteria, a global network for sharing knowledge to involve artists in hands-on and Do-It-With-Others (DIWO) working with the lifesciences, and reflections on future scenarios from the 8-bit computer games of the 80ies to current real-world endeavous of genetically modifiying the human species.
We will then follow up with discussions and hands-on experiments on working with embryos, ovums, gametes, genetic materials from code to slime, in a creative and playful workshop setup, where all paticipant can collaborate on artistic interventions into the germline of a post-human future.
thGAP - BAbyss in Moderno!! Transgenic Human Germline Alternatives Project
KHAJURAHO GROUP OF MONUMENTS
1. K H A J U R A H O G R O U P O F
M O N U M E N T S
2. C O N T E N T S
F A S T F A C T S
A B O U T K H A J U R A H O M O N U
M E N T S .
O V E R V I E W O F T E M P L E S .
H I S T O R Y
C O N S T R U C T I O N
A R C H I T E C T U R E O F
T E M P L E S
A R T A N D S U L P T U R E
3. - F A S T F A C T S
W H E N W A S I T B U I L T : 9 5 0 - 1 0 5 0 C E
W H O B U I L T I T : R U L E R S O F T H E
R A J P U T C H A N D E L A D Y N A S T Y
T I M E T A K E N T O B U I L D : M O R E T H A N 1 0 0 Y E A R S
W H E R E I S I T L O C A T E D : K H A J U R A H O , C H H A T A R P U R
D I S T R I C T , M A D H Y A P R A D E S H , I N D I A
W H Y W A S I T B U I L T : P L A C E O F H I N D U A N D
J A I N W O R S H I P
D I M E N S I O N : O R I G I N A L L Y 8 5 T E M P L E S O V E R 2 1
S Q U A R E K M A R E A ; C U R R E N T L Y R E D U C E D T O 2 5
T E M P L E S O V E R 6 S Q U A R E K M A R E A
M A T E R I A L S U S E D I N C O N S T R U C T I O N : G R A N I T E O R
S A N D S T O N E I N S H A D E S O F B U F F , P I N K A N D P A L E
Y E L L O W
A R C H I T E C T U R A L S T Y L E : N A G A R A
V I S I T T I M I N G : S U N R I S E T O S U N S E T
M A I N T A I N E D B Y : A R C H E O L O G I C A L S U R V E Y O F
I N D I A
4. - E N T R Y F E E : A N E N T R Y F E E O F R S . 3 0 I S C H A R G E D
F O R I N D I A N C I T I Z E N S W H I L E , V I S I T O R S F R O M
F O R E I G N C O U N T R I E S H A V E T O P A Y A S U M O F R S .
5 0 0 . E N T R Y I S F R E E F O R C H I L D R E N U P T O 1 5 Y E A R S
O F A G E .
- H O W T O R E A C H : K H A J U R A H O I S E A S I L Y A C C E S S I B L E
F R O M A L L P A R T S O F I N D I A B Y A I R A S W E L L A S
R O A D S .
A I R : K H A J U R A H O H A S I T S O W N A I R P O R T , L O C A T E D 5
K M F R O M T H E C I T Y . M A J O R A I R L I N E S I N I N D I A L I K E
A I R I N D I A , J E T A I R W A Y S A N D I N D I G O P L Y T O A N D
F R O M M A J O R M E T R O S L I K E D E L H I A N D M U M B A I A N D
A L S O F R O M V A R A N A S I A N D A G R A .
- T R A I N : K H A J U R A H O I S C O N N E C T E D T O A L L M A J O R
M E T R O C I T I E S O F T H E C O U N T R Y T H R O U G H J H A N S I .
T R A I N S A R E A V A I L A B L E F R O M D E L H I T H A T T A K E Y O U
D I R E C T L Y T O K H A J U R A H O D A I L Y . T H E O T H E R O P T I O N
I S T O R E A C H J H A N S I A N D T H E N T A K E A C O N N E C T I N G
P A S S E N G E R T R A I N T O K H A J U R A H O .
5. - B U S : I F C O N S I D E R I N G T R A V E L L I N G T O
K H A J U R A H O B Y B U S , T H E N O N E C A N R E A C H
E I T H E R S A T N A O R J H A N S I A N D T A K E O N E O F T H E
M A N Y B U S E S P L Y I N G B E T W E E N T H E T W O
D E S T I N A T I O N S T H R O U G H O U T T H E D A Y . T H E
J O U R N E Y F R O M B O T H C I T I E S T A K E S A R O U N D 3 - 4
H O U R S .
- T R A N S P O R T A T I O N W I T H I N T H E C I T Y : A U T O I S T H E
O N L Y M E A N S O F T R A N S P O R T A T I O N W I T H I N T H E
C I T Y . T O R E A C H T H E T E M P L E C O M P L E X F R O M
A I R P O R T , T R A I N O R B U S S T A T I O N , O N E C A N
E I T H E R S H A R E A N A U T O F O R R S . 1 0 P E R H E A D O R
R E N T T H E R I D E F O R A B O U T R S . 1 5 0 .
- T A X I : O N E C A N E A S I L Y H I R E A P R I V A T E C A R T O
R E A C H K H A J U R A H O F R O M J H A N S I O R S A T N A F O R
A M O R E C O M F O R T A B L E R I D E C O M P A R E D T O T H E
B U S . N A T I O N A L H I G H W A Y 8 6 A N D 7 5 P A S S I N G
T H R O U G H K H A J U R A H O P R O V I D E C O N N E C T I V I T Y T O
M A J O R C I T I E S O F I N D I A .
6. - O V E R V I E W O F T E M P L E S
T H E N A M E K H A J U R A H O I S D E R I V E D F R O M I T S S A N S K R I T
N O M E N C L A T U R E ‘ K H A R J U R A V A H A K A ’ W H I C H I S T H E
C O N F L U E N C E O F T W O S A N S K R I T W O R D S ‘ K H A R J U R ’
M E A N I N G D A T E P A L M A N D ‘ V A H A K A ’ M E A N I N G B E A R E R .
T H E R E A R E A B O U T 2 5 T E M P L E S S P R E A D O V E R A N A R E A
O F A P P R O X I M A T E L Y 6 S Q U A R E K M . T H E T E M P L E S A R E
G R O U P E D I N T O T H R E E C A T E G O R I E S D E P E N D I N G O N
T H E I R O R I E N T A T I O N – T H E W E S T E R N G R O U P O F
T E M P L E S , T H E E A S T E R N G R O U P O F T E M P L E S A N D T H E
S O U T H E R N G R O U P O F T E M P L E S . T H E S E T E M P L E S A R E
D E D I C A T E D T O S E V E R A L H I N D U G O D S A N D G O D D E S S E S
A L O N G W I T H D E I T I E S I N J A I N B E L I E F S . A M O N G T H E
T E M P L E S T H A T A R E S T A N D I N G T I L L N O W , 6 A R E
D E D I C A T E D T O L O R D S H I V A , 8 T O L O R D V I S H N U , 1
E A C H T O L O R D G A N E S H A A N D T H E S U N G O D , W H I L E 3
A R E D E D I C A T E D T O J A I N T I R T H A N K A R A S . T H E L A R G E S T
O F T H E T E M P L E S I S T H E K A N D A R I Y A M A H A D E O T E M P L E
T H A T I S D E D I C A T E D T O T H E G L O R Y O F L O R D S H I V A . I T
M A K E S K H A J U R A H O O N E O F T H E F O U R H O L Y S I T E S
D E D I C A T E D T O T H E G L O R Y O F L O R D S H I V A , T H E O T H E R
T H R E E B E I N G G A Y A , K A S H I A N D K E D A R N A T H .
7. T H E T E M P L E S A R E K N O W N F O R
T H E I R E L A B O R A T E A N D
I N T R I C A T E C A R V I N G S A N D
S C U L P T U R E . W H I L E T H E S E
S C U L P T U R E S D E P I C T V A R I O U S
S C E N E S F R O M E V E R Y D A Y L I V E S ,
T H E K H A J U R A H O T E M P L E S A R E
P R I M A R I L Y K N O W N F O R T H E
A R T F U L A N D E R O T I C D E P I C T I O N
O F T H E F E M A L E F O R M A S W E L L
A S V A R I O U S S E X U A L P R A C T I C E S
O F T H E T I M E .
T H E F O U R J A I N T E M P L E S A R E
P R I M A R I L Y L O C A T E D A M O N G T H E
E A S T E R N G R O U P O F T E M P L E S .
T H E P A R A S V A N A T H , A D I N A T H ,
S H A N T I N A T H
A N D G H A N T A I T E M P L E S A R E T H E
O N E S D E D I C A T E D T O
W O R S H I P P I N G O F T H E
J A I N T R I T H A N K A R A S . T H E S E
T E M P L E S W E R E C O N S T R U C T E D B Y
T H E C H A N D E L A R U L E R S I N
D E F E R E N C E T O T H E F L O U R I S H I N G
P R A C T I C E O F J A I N I S M I N
C E N T R A L I N D I A D U R I N G T H E I R
R U L E .
8. - H I S T O R Y
T H E T E M P L E S O F K H A J U R A H O W E R E C O M M I S S I O N E D B Y T H E
R A J P U T R U L E R S O F C H A N D E L L A D Y N A S T Y W H O R U L E D O V E R
C E N T R A L I N D I A F R O M T H E 1 0 T H T O T H E 1 3 T H C E N T U R Y C E . T H E
T E M P L E S W E R E B U I L T O V E R A P E R I O D O F 1 0 0 Y E A R S A N D I T I S
B E L I E V E D T H A T E A C H C H A N D E L A R U L E R C O M M I S S I O N E D A T L E A S T
O N E T E M P L E I N T H E C O M P L E X D U R I N G H I S L I F E T I M E . T H E
T E M P L E S W E R E B U I L T A B O U T 5 7 K M F R O M T H E C I T Y O F M A H O B A ,
T H E C A P I T A L O F T H E C H A N D E L A D Y N A S T Y R U L E R S . M O S T O F T H E
P R E S E N T - D A Y S U R V I V I N G T E M P L E S W E R E B U I L T D U R I N G T H E
R E I G N S O F K I N G Y A S H O V A R M A N A N D D H A N G A D E V A . H I S T O R I C A L
A C C O U N T S O F A B U R I H A N - A L - B I R U N I D E S C R I B E T H E T E M P L E
C O M P L E X O F K H A J U R A H O F R O M T O W A R D S T H E E N D O F 1 1 T H
C E N T U R Y , W H E N M A H M U D O F G H A Z I A T T A C K E D K A L I N J A R . T H E
K I N G S S T R U C K A D E A L W I T H M A H M U D B Y P A Y I N G A R A N S O M T H A T
P R E V E N T E D H I M F R O M L O O T I N G T H E T E M P L E S .
T H R O U G H O U T T H E 1 2 T H C E N T U R Y , T H E T E M P L E C O M P L E X G R E W
A N D A C T I V E L Y T E N D E D T O T I L L T H E D O W N F A L L O F
T H E C H A N D E L A D Y A N A S T Y A T T H E H A N D S O F T H E S U L T A N O F
D E L H I , Q U T B - U D - D I N A I B A K . D U R I N G T H E S U B S E Q U E N T
C E N T U R I E S , T H E R E G I O N W A S L A R G E L Y C O N T R O L L E D B Y M U S L I M
R U L E R S . S O M E T E M P L E S W E R E D E S E C R A T E D B Y T H E M U S L I M
C O N Q U E R O R S B U T T H E T E M P L E S O F K H A J U R A H O W E R E L E F T
L A R G E L Y N E G L E C T E D O W I N G T O T H E I R R E M O T E L O C A T I O N .
9. I N 1 8 3 0 , T H E
B R I T I S H S U R V E Y O R ,
T . S . B U R T
R E D I S C O V E R E D T H E
T E M P L E S A N D
E F F O R T S W E R E M A D E
T O W A R D S T H E I R
E X C A V A T I O N A N D
R E S T O R A T I O N .
A C C O U N T S O F
F O R E I G N T R A V E L L E R
S L I K E
I B N B A T U T T A A N D
A R C H A E O L O G I S T S
L I K E A L E X A N D E R
C U N N I N G H A M
P R E S E N T E D T H E
G R E A T A R T I S T I C
C H A R A C T E R O F T H E
T E M P L E S T O T H E
W O R L D M A K I N G I T
O N E O F T H E M O S T
V I S I T E D T O U R I S T
A T T R A C T I O N S I N
I N D I A .
10. - C O N S T R U C T I O N
T H E K A L I N J A R R E G I O N O F B U N D E L K H A N D I S H O M E T O
S U P E R I O R Q U A L I T Y S A N D S T O N E T H A T W A S P R I M A R I L Y U S E D A S
B U I L D I N G M A T E R I A L F O R T H E K H A J U R A H O T E M P L E S E X C E P T
T H E C H U S A T Y O G I N I T E M P L E W H I C H I S C O M P L E T E L Y M A D E O F
G R A N I T E . T H E F O U N D A T I O N S O F T H E T E M P L E S W E R E M A D E O F
G R A N I T E B U T A R E M O S T L Y H I D D E N F R O M T H E V I E W .
S T O N E M A S O N S U S E D T H E M O R T I S E A N D T E N O N J O I N T S T O P U T
T H E B L O C K S O F S T O N E S T O G E T H E R W H I C H W E R E T H E N H E L D I N
P L A C E B Y G R A V I T Y . T H E C O L U M N S A N D E P I S T Y L E S W E R E B U I L T
F R O M S I N G L E M O N O L I T H S T O A F F O R D M A X I M U M S T A B I L I T Y . T H E
S C U L P T U R E S W E R E D O N E O N S A N D S T O N E S T H A T A L L O W E D V E R Y
P R E C I S E C A R V I N G , R E S U L T I N G I N P R O D U C T I O N O F F I N E
D E T A I L S W I T H E A S E .
T H E C H A U S A T Y O G I N I T E M P L E W A S T H E F I R S T O F T H E T E M P L E S
T O B E B U I L T A M O N G T H E T E M P L E S S T I L L S T A N D I N G ; I T W A S
B U I L T A R O U N D L A T E 9 T H C E N T U R Y . Y A S H O V A R M A N , A L S O
K N O W N A S L A K S H M A N V A R M A N , R U L E D B E T W E E N 9 2 5 A N D 9 5 0 C E
A N D C O M M I S S I O N E D T H E F A M O U S L A K S H M A N T E M P L E .
K I N G D H A N G A D E V A , S O N O F L A K S H M A N V A R M A N , C O M M I S S I O N E D
T H E T W O M O S T W E L L - K N O W N S H I V A T E M P L E S , T H E V I S H W A N A T H
T E M P L E A N D T H E V I D Y A N A T H T E M P L E . H E A L S O C O M M I S S I O N E D
T H E P A R A S V A N A T H T E M P L E F O R T H E J A I N W O R S H I P P E R S .
11. - A R C H I T E C T U R E O F T E M P L E S
T H E T E M P L E S A R E G R O U P E D A C C O R D I N G T O T H E I R
L O C A T I O N W I T H I N T H E C O M P L E X I N T O T H R E E
C L U S T E R S .
F I R S T I S T H E W E S T E R N G R O U P O F T E M P L E S
C O M P R I S I N G O F T H E L A K S H M A N A
T E M P L E , K A N D A R I Y A M A H A D E O T E M P L E ,
D E V I J A G A D A M B I T E M P L E , C H A U S A T Y O G I N I T E M P L E ,
C H I T R A G U P T A T E M P L E , M A T A N G E S H W A R A T E M P L E ,
V A R A H A T E M P L E A N D V I S H W A N A T H T E M P L E .
T H E E A S T E R N G R O U P O F T E M P L E S I N C L U D E S
T H E P A R A S V A N A T H T E M P L E , G H A N T A I T E M P L E ,
A D I N A T H T E M P L E , H A N U M A N T E M P L E , B R A H M A T E M P L E ,
V A M A N A T E M P L E A N D J A V A R I T E M P L E .
T H E T H I R D A N D C O M P A R A T I V E L Y S M A L L E R G R O U P O F
T E M P L E S I D T H E S O U T H E R N T E M P L E S G R O U P I N C L U D E
T H E D U L H A D E V T E M P L E , B E E J A M A N D A L T E M P L E A N D
C H A T U R B H U J O R J A T K A R I T E M P L E .
T H E D E S I G N O F T H E T E M P L E S E C H O T H E H I N D U
M A N D A L A D E S I G N P R I N C I P L E O F S Q U A R E A N D C I R C L E S
A N D L A I D O U T I N A P E N T A G O N F O R M E D B Y
C O N V E R G E N C E O F T H R E E T R I A N G L E S , R E C I P R O C A T I N G
T H E C O N C E P T O F ‘ P A N C H B H U T ’ O R F I V E E L E M E N T S A N D
‘ T R I L O K I N ’ O R T H R E E R E A L M S .
12. A D H I S H S T H A N A O R T H E
B A S E P L A T F O R M –
G E N E R A L L Y M A D E O F A
S O L I D B L O C K O F G R A N I T E
L A I D O U T T O H O L D T H E
S T R U C T U R E ’ S W E I G H T A N D
A L S O A C C E N T U A T E T H E
T E M P L E S U P W A R D T H R U S T .
S H R I N G A O R C E N T R A L
T O W E R – T H E W H O L E
T E M P L E S T R U C T U R E I S
C A P P E D B Y A N E L E V A T E D
S T R U C T U R E T H A T T O W E R S
D I R E C T L Y O V E R T H E S I T E
W H E R E T H E D E I T Y I S
P L A C E D I N S I D E .
U R U S H R I N G A O R
S E C O N D A R Y T O W E R –
T H E S H R I N G A I S O F T E N
S U R R O U N D E D B Y S M A L L E R
S I M I L A R L Y D E S I G N E D
T O W E R S A R O U N D I T K N O W N
A S U R U S H R I N G A . T H E S E
H E L P I N E M P H A S I Z I N G T H E
H E I G H T O F T H E
S T R U C T U R E .
13. - A R T A N D S C U L P T U R E
T H E M A I N A T T R A C T I O N O F T H E
K H A J U R A H O T E M P L E S I S T H E
B E A U T I F U L L Y I N T R I C A T E
C A R V I N G S A N D S C U L P T U R E S
T H A T A D O R N T H E T E M P L E S ’
O U T E R W A L L S . T H E S E
S C U L P T U R E S W E R E O F T E N
I N S P I R E D B Y R E L I G I O U S
S E N S I B I L I T I E S O F T H E K I N G S O R
M A Y B E F R O M V A R I O U S V E D I C
L I T E R A T U R E S A N D E V E N F R O M
T H E T R A D I T I O N A L L I F E S T Y L E I N
T H E D A Y - T O - D A Y L I F E . T H E
S C U L P T U R E S A R E C U R V E D I N
S T R I C T A C C O R D A N C E W I T H
T H E S H I L P A S H A S T R A T H A T
G O V E R N E D T H E V A R I O U S
A S P E C T S O F C O R R E C T
D E P I C T I O N O F A D E I T Y O R
F E M A L E F O R M S . T H E
S C U L P T U R E S D I S P L A Y V A R I O U S
L E V E L S O F P E R F E C T I O N A N D
A R T F U L N E S S .
14. T H A N K Y O U
BY
RAVI KRISHNA
(319106101014)