Free space optics is a wireless communication technique that uses infrared rays to transmit data, voice, and video through the air instead of optical fibers. It has several advantages over fiber, including easier scalability to ultra-high bandwidth and lower costs since conversion between optical and electrical signals is not needed at each node. However, free space optics also faces challenges from physical obstructions in the transmission path and atmospheric effects like beam wander and scintillation that can distort the infrared beam. Overall, free space optics allows for cost-effective, quick, reliable, and secure optical connectivity.

1. FREE SPACE OPTICSFREE SPACE OPTICS
A NEXT GENRATION WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
Presented By
K. Venkat RAO
M.L.E.C.J.U.V.Abhinay KUMAR
M.L.E.C

2. OVERVIEWOVERVIEW
 Deals with FSO – a latest communication technique
 Used in MAN’s
 Transmission through air
 Doesn’t involve optical fibers
 Uses INFRARED RAYS
 Doesn’t involve jamming
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3. CHALLENGECHALLENGE
ANDAND
IT’S SOLUTIONIT’S SOLUTION
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4. BASICSBASICS
Optical wireless
Different topologies
Involves transmission of data, voice and video
Many advantages when compared to fibers
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5. TOPOLOGIESTOPOLOGIES
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MESH POINT TO MULTI POINT
POINT TO POINT RING TOPOLOGY

6. IS FSO OPTICAL OR WIRELESS?IS FSO OPTICAL OR WIRELESS?
Shares some concepts of fiber optics
 wavelength’s 850nm to 1550 nm
 laser and amplifiers
Sending and receiving is done by OPTICAL-
ELECTRICAL-OPTICAL [O-E-O] presently
FSO can scale easily ultra bandwidth’s
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7. EDFAEDFA
EDFA-Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier
A path way for high wavelengths and longer
distances
Less expenses for [O-E-O] conversion and
electrical amplification for each wavelength
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8. BANDWIDTH DRIVERS/TRENDSBANDWIDTH DRIVERS/TRENDS
Helps to attain high bandwidths
Telecommunication carriers implement FSO as
best access technology
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9. USAGE AND SPEED OF THE FSO AT VARIOUS APPLICATIONS 9

10. FEATURESFEATURES
FULLDUPLEX (bidirectional)
Uses lenses, optical wireless
unit, telescope for
transmission
 Very sensitive transmission
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11. DESIGN ISSUESDESIGN ISSUES
Apertures are used
Follows reflection,
refraction, diffraction,
combination of all
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12. TRANSMITTER APERTURETRANSMITTER APERTURE
Important aspects
Size
Quality
Size determines maximum eye safe laser
Quality with f-number tells us minimum
divergence
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13. RECIEVER APERTURERECIEVER APERTURE
Follows aperture size and f-number
Aperture size gives amount of collected data
f-number gives the detector field of view
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14. FSO SYSTEMSFSO SYSTEMS
 Doesn’t require any license
 Wavelength is about 1micrometer
 1 micrometer beam can translate into frequencies of
several hundred terahertz
 Better than the micro wave transmission (40gHz)
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15. FSO SYSTEMS(Contd…)FSO SYSTEMS(Contd…)
Divergence of 0.3 for distance of 1 KM
4mts diameter of beam
Those values are much more better than the
radial beams, micro beams
Since it works in free space it needs little
maintenance
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16. SECURITYSECURITY
 Transmission is not visible
to human eye
 Difficult for intruder to get
IR beam by direct method
since beam is small
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17. SECURITY(Contd…)SECURITY(Contd…)
 Transmission beam passes well
above the ground level
 It is impossible for an intruder
by indirect method by using
light photons since IR has low
power levels
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18. DRIVING FORCEDRIVING FORCE
Includes
Market driver
Economic driver
Service driver
Business driver
Environment driver
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19. APPLICATIONSAPPLICATIONS
Metro network extensions
to connect to new networks
Enterprise
LAN-LAN connectivity
Enterprise applications
Point to multipoint
Fiber complement
As redundant link
DWDM Services
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20. CHALLENGESCHALLENGES
Physical obstructions
Building seismic activity
Scintillation
Absorption
Beam wander
Beam spreading
Safety
Human exposure to laser
High voltages
Weather Severity
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21. EFFECT OF ATMOSPHEREEFFECT OF ATMOSPHERE
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22. CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION
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FSO allows us to provide optical connectivity cost
effectively, quickly, reliably and is a most secured
data transmission technology.

23. REFERENCESREFERENCES
 Mendelson , James S. and Dorrier , Charles R. “Free Space Optics:
Fixed Wireless Broadband”
 White, Chad “How to Squeeze More Data Over What’s Already
There ”
 www.laseroptronics.com
 www.ieee.org
 www.science tech.com
 www.efymag.com
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24. ANY QUERIES?ANY QUERIES?
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25. THANK YOUTHANK YOU
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