Ex 6 10 post lab bio 101 lab
•
2 likes•1,583 views
This document discusses plant anatomy and tissues. It covers the epidermis, stomata types in monocots and dicots, primary tissues including dermal, ground and vascular tissues, and secondary tissues formed from vascular cambium including xylem, phloem, cork and rays. It also discusses laticifers - latex containing cells or chains, their articulated or non-articulated structure, and functions of latex.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Download to read offline
Recommended
Bio 101 Plant Anatomy Ex 2 5 Postlab
This document summarizes plant anatomy and tissue types. It discusses the different types of meristems, fundamental tissues like parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma, and conducting tissues like xylem and phloem. Key points covered include the different types of meristems based on location and origin, the tissues of the root apex versus shoot apex, the characteristics and origins of parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma tissues, and details on xylem and phloem components like vessels, tracheids, fibers, sieve tubes and companion cells.
Periderm
This document provides information on cork cambium and periderm formation. It discusses the tissues that make up the cork cambium, including phellogen (cork cambium), phellem (cork), and phelloderm (secondary cortex). It notes that the cork cambium is a lateral meristem that forms a protective layer and consists of meristematic cells that undergo periclinal division. The document also describes the origin and development of lenticels, which allow for gas exchange through bark tissue.
Histological organization of root and shoot apices
To explain histological organization of root and shoot apices, various theories have been proposed. Of which three important theories have been discussed here. The Apical Cell Theory,
The Histogen Theory, and The Tunica Corpus Theory..
Meristematic tissues
The apical meristem is located at the tips of shoots and roots and is responsible for growth. It contains a shoot apical meristem that produces new leaves, flowers, and stems, as well as a root apical meristem located at the root tip that produces new root cells. The intercalary meristem is located between the root tip and the stem and allows for growth and elongation.
Meristems
Meristems are undifferentiated tissues that retain the ability to divide indefinitely and add new cells. There are three main types - apical meristems at tips that add new cells, intercalary meristems between tissues that allow elongation, and lateral meristems like vascular cambium that add girth. Apical meristems follow the tunica-corpus model with outer layers adding surface area and inner layers adding volume. Root apices have initial cells that form distinct tissue layers close to the tip or more open organization farther out.
Lesson 7 bio101 (c)Dr. Evangelista
The document discusses apical meristems, which are found at the tips of roots and shoots. It defines key terms like initials, promeristem, and protomeristem. It describes the histogen theory of plant development and different zonation patterns observed in meristems. It also covers the origin of leaves and branches from the shoot apical meristem as well as differences between shoot, root, and reproductive meristems. The quiescent center is identified as an important source of new initial cells in the meristem.
Tunica carpus theory
The Tunica-Corpus theory describes the structure of shoot apices. It states that the apical meristem is divided into two regions: the tunica and corpus. The tunica forms the outer one to several layers with anticlinal cell divisions, while the corpus forms the inner central region with more random cell divisions. This theory best describes the zonation pattern observed in apical meristems and is widely used to understand the development of vegetative and floral structures.
Biology ppt keshav tissue
This document provides an overview of plant and animal tissues. It discusses the three primary plant organs - leaves, stems, and roots. It then covers the two main categories of plant tissues: meristematic and permanent. Meristematic tissues include apical, intercalary, and lateral meristems, which allow for growth. Permanent tissues such as epidermis, xylem, phloem and fibers are also described. The document also summarizes the four main types of animal tissue - epithelium, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue - and provides examples of each type.
Recommended
Bio 101 Plant Anatomy Ex 2 5 Postlab
This document summarizes plant anatomy and tissue types. It discusses the different types of meristems, fundamental tissues like parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma, and conducting tissues like xylem and phloem. Key points covered include the different types of meristems based on location and origin, the tissues of the root apex versus shoot apex, the characteristics and origins of parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma tissues, and details on xylem and phloem components like vessels, tracheids, fibers, sieve tubes and companion cells.
Periderm
This document provides information on cork cambium and periderm formation. It discusses the tissues that make up the cork cambium, including phellogen (cork cambium), phellem (cork), and phelloderm (secondary cortex). It notes that the cork cambium is a lateral meristem that forms a protective layer and consists of meristematic cells that undergo periclinal division. The document also describes the origin and development of lenticels, which allow for gas exchange through bark tissue.
Histological organization of root and shoot apices
To explain histological organization of root and shoot apices, various theories have been proposed. Of which three important theories have been discussed here. The Apical Cell Theory,
The Histogen Theory, and The Tunica Corpus Theory..
Meristematic tissues
The apical meristem is located at the tips of shoots and roots and is responsible for growth. It contains a shoot apical meristem that produces new leaves, flowers, and stems, as well as a root apical meristem located at the root tip that produces new root cells. The intercalary meristem is located between the root tip and the stem and allows for growth and elongation.
Meristems
Meristems are undifferentiated tissues that retain the ability to divide indefinitely and add new cells. There are three main types - apical meristems at tips that add new cells, intercalary meristems between tissues that allow elongation, and lateral meristems like vascular cambium that add girth. Apical meristems follow the tunica-corpus model with outer layers adding surface area and inner layers adding volume. Root apices have initial cells that form distinct tissue layers close to the tip or more open organization farther out.
Lesson 7 bio101 (c)Dr. Evangelista
The document discusses apical meristems, which are found at the tips of roots and shoots. It defines key terms like initials, promeristem, and protomeristem. It describes the histogen theory of plant development and different zonation patterns observed in meristems. It also covers the origin of leaves and branches from the shoot apical meristem as well as differences between shoot, root, and reproductive meristems. The quiescent center is identified as an important source of new initial cells in the meristem.
Tunica carpus theory
The Tunica-Corpus theory describes the structure of shoot apices. It states that the apical meristem is divided into two regions: the tunica and corpus. The tunica forms the outer one to several layers with anticlinal cell divisions, while the corpus forms the inner central region with more random cell divisions. This theory best describes the zonation pattern observed in apical meristems and is widely used to understand the development of vegetative and floral structures.
Biology ppt keshav tissue
This document provides an overview of plant and animal tissues. It discusses the three primary plant organs - leaves, stems, and roots. It then covers the two main categories of plant tissues: meristematic and permanent. Meristematic tissues include apical, intercalary, and lateral meristems, which allow for growth. Permanent tissues such as epidermis, xylem, phloem and fibers are also described. The document also summarizes the four main types of animal tissue - epithelium, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue - and provides examples of each type.
Meristem
This document presents information about plant anatomy and plant tissues. It discusses the three main types of plant tissues: meristems, permanent tissues, and secretory tissues. It focuses on describing meristems, which are tissues composed of actively dividing cells. Meristems are classified based on their origin, location in the plant, and differentiation. The main types of meristems are primary meristems found at tips of roots and stems, secondary meristems that develop later and allow thickening, and lateral meristems involved in secondary growth.
Bio finalppt
This document provides a summary of a presentation on applications of meristematic stem cells in plant growth. It discusses several key points:
- Meristem cells are undifferentiated cells found in plants that are similar to animal stem cells and drive plant cell growth and division. Growth occurs upward/downward from apical meristems and outward from lateral meristems.
- Apical meristems contain zones of cells that determine plant structure and organize organ initiation. Key genes like WUSCHEL are required to maintain the meristem stem cell population balance.
- Meristems are regulated by interactions between proliferation-promoting genes like STM and proliferation-inhibiting genes like CLV1
Meristems
This document discusses plant meristems and their organization. It describes three types of meristems - apical, intercalary, and lateral and their roles in primary and secondary growth. Key aspects covered include the tunica-corpus model of shoot apical meristems, histogen theory, vascular cambium development and function, and characteristics of apical, intercalary and lateral meristems.
Root anatomy
The document describes the external and internal structures of roots. Externally, roots are cylindrical structures that lack nodes, leaves, and other aerial structures. Internally, roots have three longitudinal regions - a root cap region, a region of cell elongation, and a region of cell maturation. Roots also have two main types of root systems - a taproot system with a prominent primary root, and a fibrous (diffuse) system with many adventitious roots. The internal structure of young dicot and monocot roots is also compared, noting differences in vascular tissue arrangement and development.
Cytohistological characters of meristematic tissue
It explains the functions and properties of the meristematic cells their cell composition without going into ultrastructure details of cells of meristem
Theory of shoot apical meristem
introduction
apical cell theory
histogenic layer theory
anneu initial and meristem d attente theory
Embryology of Angiosperms
The document summarizes the structure and development of the anther wall and male gametophyte in angiosperms. It states that the anther wall is made up of epidermis, endothecium, middle layers, and tapetum. The epidermis is the outer layer, endothecium contains fibers that aid in dehiscence, middle layers store food, and the tapetum provides nutrients during development and contributes to pollen wall formation. Microsporocytes undergo meiosis to form microspores within the microsporangia located in each anther lobe.
Embryology of Angiosperms
This document provides information on the structure and development of stamens and pollen grains, ovules and embryo sacs, and the process of fertilization in angiosperms.
[1] It describes the basic anatomy of a stamen including the filament, anther, and microsporangia. Meiosis in the microsporangia produces microspores that develop into pollen grains.
[2] The structure of an ovule including the integuments, nucellus, embryo sac, and its development via megasporogenesis is explained.
[3] The process of double fertilization is summarized where one sperm cell fuses with the egg to form
Plant tissues
Meristematic tissues are regions of cell division that give rise to primary tissues like epidermis and vascular tissue through apical and lateral meristems. Simple tissues are made of one cell type like parenchyma, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma. Complex tissues include xylem, phloem, periderm, and secretory structures that transport substances and provide structure and protection.
Molecular Analysis Of SAM & RAM
The document discusses meristematic tissues and apical meristems in plants. It summarizes that the shoot apical meristem (SAM) and root apical meristem (RAM) contain stem cells and are responsible for postembryonic growth. The SAM contains four distinct cell groups and is maintained by genes like SHOOT MERISTEMLESS, WUSCHEL, and CLAVATA1/3. The RAM contains a quiescent center and produces root cells. Key genes that regulate SAM and RAM development include MONOPTEROS and HOBBIT.
Ovule structure & types
This PPT has intended to explore the ovule of angiosperms and its diversity for undergraduate students of plant sciences.
Plant anatomy 1
Plant anatomy is the study of internal plant structure and organization. There are two main tissue types: meristematic and permanent tissues. Meristematic tissues are made of actively dividing cells found in growth zones, and can be classified based on position, origin, function, and plane of division. Permanent tissues develop from meristematic tissues and lose the ability to divide. The two types of permanent tissues are simple tissues composed of one cell type (parenchyma, collenchyma, sclerenchyma), and complex tissues with multiple cell types. Parenchyma is the most common simple tissue and can be storage, aeration or photosynthetic. Collenchyma and sclerenchyma provide
Anatomy of flowering plants
This document provides an overview of plant anatomy and the organization of tissues and tissue systems in flowering plants. It discusses the three main tissue types - meristematic, permanent and complex permanent tissues. It describes the different meristem types and permanent tissues like parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma. It also summarizes the two complex tissues - xylem and phloem that make up the vascular system. Finally, it outlines the three main tissue systems in plants - the epidermal, vascular and ground tissue systems and their components and functions.
Sclerenchyma
Sclerenchyma cells provide mechanical support to plant organs through their lignified secondary cell walls. They include sclereids and fibers. Sclereids are typically short cells that are strongly lignified with pits, while fibers are long, spindle-shaped cells that occur in strands or bundles. Fibers include xylary fibers in xylem and extraxylary fibers like phloem, cortical and perivascular fibers. Fibers are categorized as soft, flexible bast fibers or hard, stiff fibers. Sclerenchyma cells originate from procambium, vascular cambium or ground meristem and develop through intrusive or belated secondary thickening of cell walls.
Plant anatomy
The document discusses the internal structure of dicot and monocot roots. It describes the key layers and tissues found in roots, including the epiblema, cortex, endodermis, pericycle, vascular bundles, xylem, phloem and pith. In dicot roots, the vascular bundles vary from 2-6 and are radial, while in monocot roots they vary from 8-20 and are also radial. The pith is poorly developed or absent in dicots but highly developed in monocots.
Phloem diffrentiation
Phloem differentiation
sieve elements
companion cells
The ontogeny of phloem sieve element
differentiation process of sieve elements
Phloem as a hub for systemic communication within the root meristem
Shoot system
The document discusses the structure and functions of plant stems. It begins by defining stems and describing their main functions: support, conduction, and production of new living tissue. It then discusses the external morphology of stems, including nodes, internodes, buds, and other features. The internal structure is also examined, focusing on the shoot apex organization and primary meristems that give rise to primary tissues like epidermis, ground tissue, and vascular tissues. Primary growth and tissue development in dicot and monocot stems is contrasted. Finally, the document covers secondary growth, which occurs in woody stems through the activity of the vascular cambium and cork cambium.
Stem secondary growth
1. Secondary growth in dicot stems occurs through the activity of vascular cambium, which forms as strips between and around vascular bundles and joins to form a continuous cambium ring.
2. The cambium undergoes cell division, with cells on the outer side forming secondary phloem and cells on the inner side forming secondary xylem.
3. Secondary xylem consists of tracheids, vessels, fibers, and wood parenchyma that make up the vertical and radial systems, while secondary phloem consists of sieve tubes, companion cells, phloem parenchyma, and phloem fibers.
Sporogonium of funaria
The document summarizes the structure of the mature sporophyte of the moss Funaria. It has three main parts: the foot, seta, and capsule. The foot anchors the sporophyte to the gametophyte. The seta is a stalk that raises the capsule above the gametophyte and transports water and nutrients. The capsule contains the spores and can be divided into the apophysis, theca, and operculum. The theca contains spore sacs that produce spores via meiosis. When mature, the spores are released through the opening of the operculum.
Roots
Roots have several key functions including water and mineral absorption, transport, anchoring the plant, and storing food. There are three main types of root systems: taproots, lateral roots, and adventitious roots. Roots develop from root caps, epidermis, cortex, endodermis, pericycle, and vascular cylinders. Lateral and adventitious roots develop from the pericycle. Roots differ from shoots in their development, structure, and vascular tissue organization.
Mozilla Science Lab 101
This document discusses Mozilla Science Lab's efforts to promote open and collaborative research practices through enabling access to content, data, code and materials online. It advocates for adopting standards and best practices that reward openness, interoperability and sharing. It also highlights the need for infrastructure, tools, repositories, incentives and training to support open research and foster sustainable practitioner communities.
BIO LAB PRESENTATION (1)
The addition of phosphate fertilizer to a lotic water source had varying effects on water quality indicators. It significantly increased pH and turbidity as predicted. However, it did not significantly affect biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) or dissolved oxygen (DO) as predicted, though DO decreased slightly. The fertilizer appeared to slow the rate of BOD decrease. The results provide insight into how phosphate fertilizer runoff impacts natural waterways, though future, larger-scale studies are needed to better understand its full effects on water quality.
More Related Content
What's hot
Meristem
This document presents information about plant anatomy and plant tissues. It discusses the three main types of plant tissues: meristems, permanent tissues, and secretory tissues. It focuses on describing meristems, which are tissues composed of actively dividing cells. Meristems are classified based on their origin, location in the plant, and differentiation. The main types of meristems are primary meristems found at tips of roots and stems, secondary meristems that develop later and allow thickening, and lateral meristems involved in secondary growth.
Bio finalppt
This document provides a summary of a presentation on applications of meristematic stem cells in plant growth. It discusses several key points:
- Meristem cells are undifferentiated cells found in plants that are similar to animal stem cells and drive plant cell growth and division. Growth occurs upward/downward from apical meristems and outward from lateral meristems.
- Apical meristems contain zones of cells that determine plant structure and organize organ initiation. Key genes like WUSCHEL are required to maintain the meristem stem cell population balance.
- Meristems are regulated by interactions between proliferation-promoting genes like STM and proliferation-inhibiting genes like CLV1
Meristems
This document discusses plant meristems and their organization. It describes three types of meristems - apical, intercalary, and lateral and their roles in primary and secondary growth. Key aspects covered include the tunica-corpus model of shoot apical meristems, histogen theory, vascular cambium development and function, and characteristics of apical, intercalary and lateral meristems.
Root anatomy
The document describes the external and internal structures of roots. Externally, roots are cylindrical structures that lack nodes, leaves, and other aerial structures. Internally, roots have three longitudinal regions - a root cap region, a region of cell elongation, and a region of cell maturation. Roots also have two main types of root systems - a taproot system with a prominent primary root, and a fibrous (diffuse) system with many adventitious roots. The internal structure of young dicot and monocot roots is also compared, noting differences in vascular tissue arrangement and development.
Cytohistological characters of meristematic tissue
It explains the functions and properties of the meristematic cells their cell composition without going into ultrastructure details of cells of meristem
Theory of shoot apical meristem
introduction
apical cell theory
histogenic layer theory
anneu initial and meristem d attente theory
Embryology of Angiosperms
The document summarizes the structure and development of the anther wall and male gametophyte in angiosperms. It states that the anther wall is made up of epidermis, endothecium, middle layers, and tapetum. The epidermis is the outer layer, endothecium contains fibers that aid in dehiscence, middle layers store food, and the tapetum provides nutrients during development and contributes to pollen wall formation. Microsporocytes undergo meiosis to form microspores within the microsporangia located in each anther lobe.
Embryology of Angiosperms
This document provides information on the structure and development of stamens and pollen grains, ovules and embryo sacs, and the process of fertilization in angiosperms.
[1] It describes the basic anatomy of a stamen including the filament, anther, and microsporangia. Meiosis in the microsporangia produces microspores that develop into pollen grains.
[2] The structure of an ovule including the integuments, nucellus, embryo sac, and its development via megasporogenesis is explained.
[3] The process of double fertilization is summarized where one sperm cell fuses with the egg to form
Plant tissues
Meristematic tissues are regions of cell division that give rise to primary tissues like epidermis and vascular tissue through apical and lateral meristems. Simple tissues are made of one cell type like parenchyma, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma. Complex tissues include xylem, phloem, periderm, and secretory structures that transport substances and provide structure and protection.
Molecular Analysis Of SAM & RAM
The document discusses meristematic tissues and apical meristems in plants. It summarizes that the shoot apical meristem (SAM) and root apical meristem (RAM) contain stem cells and are responsible for postembryonic growth. The SAM contains four distinct cell groups and is maintained by genes like SHOOT MERISTEMLESS, WUSCHEL, and CLAVATA1/3. The RAM contains a quiescent center and produces root cells. Key genes that regulate SAM and RAM development include MONOPTEROS and HOBBIT.
Ovule structure & types
This PPT has intended to explore the ovule of angiosperms and its diversity for undergraduate students of plant sciences.
Plant anatomy 1
Plant anatomy is the study of internal plant structure and organization. There are two main tissue types: meristematic and permanent tissues. Meristematic tissues are made of actively dividing cells found in growth zones, and can be classified based on position, origin, function, and plane of division. Permanent tissues develop from meristematic tissues and lose the ability to divide. The two types of permanent tissues are simple tissues composed of one cell type (parenchyma, collenchyma, sclerenchyma), and complex tissues with multiple cell types. Parenchyma is the most common simple tissue and can be storage, aeration or photosynthetic. Collenchyma and sclerenchyma provide
Anatomy of flowering plants
This document provides an overview of plant anatomy and the organization of tissues and tissue systems in flowering plants. It discusses the three main tissue types - meristematic, permanent and complex permanent tissues. It describes the different meristem types and permanent tissues like parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma. It also summarizes the two complex tissues - xylem and phloem that make up the vascular system. Finally, it outlines the three main tissue systems in plants - the epidermal, vascular and ground tissue systems and their components and functions.
Sclerenchyma
Sclerenchyma cells provide mechanical support to plant organs through their lignified secondary cell walls. They include sclereids and fibers. Sclereids are typically short cells that are strongly lignified with pits, while fibers are long, spindle-shaped cells that occur in strands or bundles. Fibers include xylary fibers in xylem and extraxylary fibers like phloem, cortical and perivascular fibers. Fibers are categorized as soft, flexible bast fibers or hard, stiff fibers. Sclerenchyma cells originate from procambium, vascular cambium or ground meristem and develop through intrusive or belated secondary thickening of cell walls.
Plant anatomy
The document discusses the internal structure of dicot and monocot roots. It describes the key layers and tissues found in roots, including the epiblema, cortex, endodermis, pericycle, vascular bundles, xylem, phloem and pith. In dicot roots, the vascular bundles vary from 2-6 and are radial, while in monocot roots they vary from 8-20 and are also radial. The pith is poorly developed or absent in dicots but highly developed in monocots.
Phloem diffrentiation
Phloem differentiation
sieve elements
companion cells
The ontogeny of phloem sieve element
differentiation process of sieve elements
Phloem as a hub for systemic communication within the root meristem
Shoot system
The document discusses the structure and functions of plant stems. It begins by defining stems and describing their main functions: support, conduction, and production of new living tissue. It then discusses the external morphology of stems, including nodes, internodes, buds, and other features. The internal structure is also examined, focusing on the shoot apex organization and primary meristems that give rise to primary tissues like epidermis, ground tissue, and vascular tissues. Primary growth and tissue development in dicot and monocot stems is contrasted. Finally, the document covers secondary growth, which occurs in woody stems through the activity of the vascular cambium and cork cambium.
Stem secondary growth
1. Secondary growth in dicot stems occurs through the activity of vascular cambium, which forms as strips between and around vascular bundles and joins to form a continuous cambium ring.
2. The cambium undergoes cell division, with cells on the outer side forming secondary phloem and cells on the inner side forming secondary xylem.
3. Secondary xylem consists of tracheids, vessels, fibers, and wood parenchyma that make up the vertical and radial systems, while secondary phloem consists of sieve tubes, companion cells, phloem parenchyma, and phloem fibers.
Sporogonium of funaria
The document summarizes the structure of the mature sporophyte of the moss Funaria. It has three main parts: the foot, seta, and capsule. The foot anchors the sporophyte to the gametophyte. The seta is a stalk that raises the capsule above the gametophyte and transports water and nutrients. The capsule contains the spores and can be divided into the apophysis, theca, and operculum. The theca contains spore sacs that produce spores via meiosis. When mature, the spores are released through the opening of the operculum.
What's hot (19)
Cytohistological characters of meristematic tissue
Cytohistological characters of meristematic tissue
Viewers also liked
Roots
Roots have several key functions including water and mineral absorption, transport, anchoring the plant, and storing food. There are three main types of root systems: taproots, lateral roots, and adventitious roots. Roots develop from root caps, epidermis, cortex, endodermis, pericycle, and vascular cylinders. Lateral and adventitious roots develop from the pericycle. Roots differ from shoots in their development, structure, and vascular tissue organization.
Mozilla Science Lab 101
This document discusses Mozilla Science Lab's efforts to promote open and collaborative research practices through enabling access to content, data, code and materials online. It advocates for adopting standards and best practices that reward openness, interoperability and sharing. It also highlights the need for infrastructure, tools, repositories, incentives and training to support open research and foster sustainable practitioner communities.
BIO LAB PRESENTATION (1)
The addition of phosphate fertilizer to a lotic water source had varying effects on water quality indicators. It significantly increased pH and turbidity as predicted. However, it did not significantly affect biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) or dissolved oxygen (DO) as predicted, though DO decreased slightly. The fertilizer appeared to slow the rate of BOD decrease. The results provide insight into how phosphate fertilizer runoff impacts natural waterways, though future, larger-scale studies are needed to better understand its full effects on water quality.
Lab 1 – the scientific method and termite trails fall 2014
This document provides an overview and instructions for a biology lab course on the scientific method and termite trails. It discusses the importance of biology and labs, the scientific method process, forming and testing hypotheses, collecting and analyzing data, and the specific lab experiment and procedures for studying termite behavior. The goal is for students to learn and apply the scientific process by conducting hands-on experiments, making observations, and testing hypotheses about why termites display eusocial behaviors like having castes and colonies.
Applesauce Lab
You have been hired by Motts Applesauce company to test the effectiveness of Substance X on apple juice production. You will receive $100 if you design and conduct a proper experiment using 60g applesauce, a graduated cylinder, cheesecloth, funnel, 10 drops of Substance X, and a pipette. You must identify the independent and dependent variables, controls, and control group. Motts then asks you to graph your data, recommend if they should use Substance X, and design another experiment testing if boiling or changing the pH of Substance X increases its effectiveness.
Evolution of plants and non vascular
1. The document discusses the evolution of plants, beginning with descriptions of Elodea cell structures like chloroplasts and amyloplasts.
2. It then covers the life cycles of plants like Elodea, which alternate between haploid gametophyte and diploid sporophyte generations. This is known as the alternation of generations.
3. Several groups of early land plants are introduced, including bryophytes like liverworts, hornworts and mosses. Details of structures like archegonia and antheridia in reproduction are provided.
Flowering plants bio20.ppt
The document contains notes from botany lectures covering various topics:
1. It defines key terms like dichlamydeous and homochlamydeous related to flower structure.
2. It describes the development of flowers from initiation through organ formation in Arabidopsis thaliana.
3. It provides diagrams and explanations of the structure and function of stamens, carpels, and the male gametophyte.
4. It compares the differences between carpels, pistils, and gynoecium and discusses the advantages of closed carpels in angiosperms.
Stem
1. The document describes the ontogenetic development and anatomy of plant stems.
2. It discusses the primary tissues of stems, including the epidermis, cortex, endodermis, and stele, as well as the nature of stems as herbaceous or woody.
3. The document provides detailed information on the structure and development of vascular bundles, vascular cambium, xylem differentiation, leaf traces, and classification of stele types in plant stems.
Transport in plants
This document discusses various modes of transport in plants. It describes:
1) Passive transport processes like diffusion and osmosis that move substances down their concentration gradients without external energy input. Water potential and membrane transport proteins are also discussed.
2) Active transport mechanisms that require energy to move substances against gradients, such as sucrose-hydrogen cotransport.
3) Long distance transport within plants, including lateral transport in cell walls and plasmodesmata, as well as bulk flow transport in xylem and phloem between organs.
Vascular plants diversity.pptx
This document discusses the evolution and diversity of vascular plants. It defines key characteristics of tracheophytes, including vascular tissue, supportive tissue, roots and shoots. It describes lignin and secondary cell walls. It discusses the alternation of generations life cycle and key plant tissues/structures like xylem, phloem, sclerenchyma and fibers. The document outlines the major groups of vascular plants including rhyniophytes, lycopodiophytes, and euphyllophytes. It provides examples of extant lycophytes like club mosses, spike mosses and quillworts.
Chapters 28 30
The document provides an overview of taxonomic classification and the diversity of life. It discusses the major domains, kingdoms, and taxa within the tree of life including bacteria, protists, fungi, plants, and animals. Key details are provided on viruses, prokaryotes, taxonomic hierarchy, fungi characteristics, plant types, invertebrate and vertebrate phyla, and defining features of major groups.
Monocots bio20 fs2013.ppt
This document provides information about the monocotyledonous flowering plants, or monocots. It discusses their defining characteristics and classification. Specifically, it describes the monocot orders Alismatales, Arecales, Zingiberales, and Poales. For each order, it lists the included families and provides details about their morphological features and economically important species. Images are included to illustrate various monocot structures and taxa. The document is an informative overview of monocot diversity and systematics.
Lect4 research methodology
This document discusses research methodology and design. It covers key aspects of research design including selecting subjects, controlling variables, establishing evaluation criteria, and ensuring internal and external validity. Factors to consider in research design are the objectives, feasibility, ethics, efficiency, and validity. The document also outlines steps in the research process such as developing data collection tools, planning analysis, collecting and processing data, conducting analysis and interpretation. Statistical tests are matched to different research designs and levels of measurement.
Lec5 research proposal writing
The document outlines the key components and structure of a research proposal, including an introduction with background and problem statements, objectives, hypotheses, significance and scope. It describes the typical sections of a proposal such as literature review, materials and methods, possible outcomes and conclusions, timeline and budget. Guidance is provided on writing each section, with emphasis on clarity, specificity, brevity and organizational structure.
Body tissues 2015
Differentiated cells develop specific structures and functions. The body contains four primary tissue types: epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscle tissue, and nervous tissue. Epithelial tissues line body surfaces and cavities. They are classified by the number of cell layers and shape of cells. Connective tissues bind other tissues together and include bone, cartilage, dense fibrous tissues, adipose tissue, and blood. Muscle tissues contract to produce movement and include skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle. Nervous tissue is composed of neurons and nerve support cells that send signals throughout the body.
Research Process- Objective, Hypothesis (Lec2)
The research process document outlines the typical steps involved in conducting research including formulating the research problem, objectives and hypotheses, reviewing literature, designing the study, collecting and analyzing data, drawing conclusions, and reporting findings. Key aspects that are discussed in more detail include properly defining the research problem and objectives, developing testable hypotheses, and identifying relevant independent and dependent variables.
06 6 kingdoms and 3 domains
There are 3 domains that separate all life into the 6 kingdoms. The domains are Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Archaea and Bacteria are prokaryotes consisting of single-celled organisms, while Eukarya contains the eukaryotic kingdoms of Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia which can be single or multi-cellular. The kingdoms are further separated based on characteristics like cell structure, nutrition, nervous systems, and motility.
Scientific method powerpoint
The scientific method involves 5 key steps to test hypotheses and theories: 1) observing something and asking a question, 2) predicting an answer through a hypothesis, 3) designing an experiment to test the hypothesis, 4) recording and analyzing the results of the experiment, and 5) stating whether the hypothesis was confirmed based on the results and conclusions. The scientific method is the standard process used by researchers to systematically support or disprove theories through repeated experimentation.
Investigate the effect of temperature on amylase activity
The document describes an experiment to investigate the effect of temperature on amylase activity. The aim is to determine the reaction rate of amylase and starch solutions at different temperatures (0°C, room temperature, 40°C, 60°C, 80°C). It is hypothesized that the reaction rate will initially increase with temperature until an optimal temperature is reached, above which the enzyme will denature and the rate will decrease. The method involves mixing amylase and starch solutions at the various temperatures and recording the time taken for the blue-black color from iodine solution to disappear. However, the results showed no color change, suggesting a failure of the experimental method.
Viewers also liked (20)
Lab 1 – the scientific method and termite trails fall 2014
Lab 1 – the scientific method and termite trails fall 2014
Investigate the effect of temperature on amylase activity
Investigate the effect of temperature on amylase activity
Similar to Ex 6 10 post lab bio 101 lab
Plant tissue system -Basis for plant anatomy
i have explained about "plant tissue" in previous slideshare (hope you visited).in this presentation i have explained about "plant tissue system" ,it made easy to learn and classified to get better knowledge on concept.
it includes,epidermal tissue,trichomes ,stomata ,Development of stomata, Classification of stomata: based on development ,Classification of stomata: based on structure, shape and arrangements of subsidiary cell ,Agenous stomata, mesogenous stomata, Perigenous stomata ,Anomocytic stomata ,Anisocytic stomata,Diacytic stomata ,Paracytic stomata, Actinocytic stomata ,Gramineous stomata, root hairs, vasuclar tissue,xylem, Xylem vessel ,Tracheids, xylem Parenchyma,xylem fiber,phloem,Sieve tube, Companion cells ,phloem Parenchyma ,phloem Fibres,ground tissue, Cortex, Pericycle, Pericycle ,Pith..etc.
mbbs ims msu
This document discusses the four basic types of tissues in the body: epithelium, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue. It focuses on epithelium tissue, describing its general functions, special characteristics, and classification system. The major epithelial tissue types - stratified squamous, simple squamous, pseudostratified columnar, transitional, simple cuboidal, and simple columnar - are outlined along with their functions and example locations in the body. Special features of epithelial cells like junctions, microvilli, and regeneration are also summarized.
Ch 08 - Cell : The unit of Life || Class 11 ||
- Robert Hooke first observed cells in 1665 when examining a slice of cork under a microscope. He saw small compartments separated by walls, which he called cells.
- The Cell Theory, developed by Schleiden and Schwann, states that the cell is the basic unit of structure and function of living things, new cells arise from existing cells, and all organisms are composed of one or more cells.
- Cells come in two main types - prokaryotic cells which lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, and eukaryotic cells which have a nucleus surrounded by a nuclear membrane and other membrane-bound structures.
Cell Biology Notes
prokaryotes vs eukaryotes, animal vs plant, cell organelles and their function (with detailed diagrams), protein synthesis and export. Great for honors middle school 7th grade, or 9th grade biology, life science
THE FUNDAMENTAL UNIT OF LIFE
The document discusses the key characteristics and components of cells. It states that the cell is the fundamental unit of life and is the structural and functional basic unit that makes up the whole body. Cells come in both unicellular and multicellular forms. The cell consists of various organelles that allow it to carry out its functions, such as the nucleus, mitochondria, lysosomes, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi apparatus. Cells can also be categorized as prokaryotic or eukaryotic based on their structure. The document further describes the roles and characteristics of various cell organelles and components like the nucleus, cell membrane, mitochondria, chloroplasts, and cell wall. It also explains
Cell structure and Function
Cell is the structural and Functional unit of life. Structure and Function of various Cell organelles has been presented.
Cell: The Unit of Life
Biology Class 11 Chapter 8
FOR FURTHER DETAILS YOU CAN WATCH THE RELATED VIDEO AT THE GIVEN LINK
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCxo06Nj-QWo_7SNvMyDnJCQ?view_as=subscriber
CELL-the-unit-of-life-8.pptx
This document provides information on cells at both the prokaryotic and eukaryotic levels. It discusses cell theory and key aspects of prokaryotic cells including their shape, structures like plasmids and mesosomes, and cell envelopes. For eukaryotic cells, it describes the membrane-bound organelles like the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes and vacuoles. It also discusses cytoskeletal elements and membrane properties.
Cell The unit of life
The document discusses several key organelles found within eukaryotic cells, including the cell wall, endomembrane system, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vacuoles, mitochondria, and plastids. The cell wall provides shape, strength, and protection to the cell. The endomembrane system consists of organelles that work together, including the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and plasma membrane. The endoplasmic reticulum functions in protein transport and processing. The Golgi apparatus packages materials and forms glycoproteins. Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes and vacuoles provide storage space in the cell. Mitochondria perform aerobic respiration and ATP synthesis
Animal Tissue Notes
Animal tissue is composed of four main types: epithelial, connective, muscular, and nervous tissue. Epithelial tissue forms outer coverings and linings, and can be simple (one cell layer thick) or compound/stratified (multiple cell layers thick). Connective tissue provides connection and support functions. The main types are loose connective tissue such as areolar and adipose tissue, dense regular connective tissue like tendons and ligaments, and supportive connective tissue including cartilage and bone.
Cell and Organelles PPT for class.pptx
Cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms. Robert Hooke first observed cells under a microscope in 1665. The cell theory proposed that all living things are made of cells, cells come from pre-existing cells, and cells contain the hereditary information necessary for regulating cell functions. Cells vary in shape, size, and number between unicellular and multicellular organisms. Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles while prokaryotic cells like bacteria do not. The main components of cells include the cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, and organelles like mitochondria, chloroplasts, the endoplasmic reticulum, and vacuoles.
cell_grade 7_final.pptx
Filipino
200
English
Philippines
AllImagesVideosMapsNewsFlights
More
About 1,430,000,000 resultsDate
Images of Baroque Artist PPT
bing.com/images
Image result for Baroque Artist PPT. Size: 150 x 112. Source: www.slideserve.com
Image result for Baroque Artist PPT. Size: 150 x 112. Source: www.slideserve.com
Image result for Baroque Artist PPT. Size: 150 x 112. Source: vdocuments.net
Image result for Baroque Artist PPT. Size: 150 x 112. Source: www.slideserve.com
Image result for Baroque Artist PPT. Size: 150 x 89. Source: prezi.com
Image result for Baroque Artist PPT. Size: 150 x 112. Source: www.teacherspayteachers.com
Image result for Baroque Artist PPT. Size: 150 x 112. Source: www.slideserve.com
Image result for Baroque Artist PPT. Size: 150 x 84. Source: prezentr.com
Image result for Baroque Artist PPT. Size: 150 x 112. Source: www.slideserve.com
Image result for Baroque Artist PPT. Size: 150 x 112. Source: www.slideserve.com
Image result for Baroque Artist PPT. Size: 150 x 112. Source: www.slideserve.com
Image result for Baroque Artist PPT. Size: 150 x 112. Source: www.teacherspayteachers.com
Image result for Baroque Artist PPT. Size: 150 x 112. Source: www.slideshare.net
Image result for Baroque Artist PPT. Size: 150 x 112. Source: www.teacherspayteachers.com
Image result for Baroque Artist PPT. Size: 150 x 200. Source: www.scribd.com
Image result for Baroque Artist PPT. Size: 150 x 112. Source: www.slideserve.com
Image result for Baroque Artist PPT. Size: 150 x 112. Source: www.slideserve.com
Image result for Baroque Artist PPT. Size: 150 x 112. Source: www.powershow.com
Image result for Baroque Artist PPT. Size: 150 x 112. Source: www.powershow.com
Image result for Baroque Artist PPT. Size: 150 x 112. Source: www.slideshare.net
See all images
Global web icon
slideshare.net
· Jun 28, 2012
Baroque art - SlideShare
Occupation: Visual Artist, Art Instructor
Works For: Art Studio
Oil on canvas. 18” x 16”. 37. France • France’s “sun king,” Louis XIV, preferred Classicism, and he created academies and teachers to perpetuate this Baroque style • The French Baroque is a more reserved style, toward Raphael The artists: • Nicholas Poussin - main exponent of Classical style in France.
https://www.slideshare.net/gwfreeman/baroque-art-13484182
Feedback
EXPLORE 6 RELATED PAGES
PPT - BAROQUE ART PowerPoint Presentation, free download - ID:2696612
PPT - BAROQUE ART PowerPoint Presentation, free download - ID:2696612
1
Global web icon
www.slideserve.com
Baroque PowerPoint Template
Free baroque PowerPoint template is a simple free rose template background with a basic frame for PowerPoint presentations. This background template is a free rose template design for presentations that you can download for baroque presentations in PowerPoint. The renaissance PowerPoint background can also be used in rococo presentations, or classical presentatio
cell_grade 7.pptx
This document provides information about cells through a presentation. It discusses the history of cell discovery, the main structures of plant and animal cells including organelles, differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, and differences between plant and animal cells. Key figures in cell history discussed include Robert Hooke, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, Matthias Schleiden, Theodor Schwann, and Rudolf Virchow. The presentation includes diagrams labeling structures of typical plant and animal cells.
Cytoplasm & cell organelles By Manoj Dhital (M.Sc Medical Microbiology))
This document provides information on the structure and functions of various cell organelles found in eukaryotic cells, including the cytoplasm, mitochondria, chloroplasts, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex, lysosomes, ribosomes and vacuoles. It describes their roles in processes like cellular respiration, photosynthesis, protein synthesis, transport of materials within the cell, and storage of molecules.
The fundamental unit of life - Cell
The fundamental unit of life - Cell
class 9
please like and share and download if you like this
your helping hand The Shashank
CELL.pptx
Specially for Science students.
Understand cell completely with easy language. Easy language for students who are not good in English.
Students who are in high school just read it with conscious mind and grab the points which will help in understanding cell easily as well as it will help you to score good in tests/exams.
For students who are in universities colleges need to understand it completely by putting some efforts.
Prokaryotes Eukaryotes.pdfkkkjil jij0ij-
There are two main types of cells: prokaryotic and eukaryotic. Prokaryotic cells were the earliest life on Earth and lack membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells evolved later and have organelles within membranes. Key differences include prokaryotes being smaller, unicellular, and lacking a nucleus, while eukaryotes can be multicellular, have organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts, and contain DNA within the nucleus. Both share some basic structures like the cell membrane but eukaryotes are generally larger and more complex.
Prokaryotes & eukaryotes
There are two main types of cells: prokaryotic and eukaryotic. Prokaryotic cells were the earliest life on Earth and lack membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells evolved later and have organelles within membranes. Key differences include prokaryotes being smaller, unicellular, and lacking a nucleus, while eukaryotes can be multicellular, have organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts, and contain DNA within the nucleus. Both share some basic components like the cell membrane but eukaryotes have a more complex internal structure adapted for specialized functions.
Lecture 8 phylum annelida
Annelida is a phylum of segmented worms that includes earthworms, leeches, and polychaetes. They have elongated bodies divided into many similar segments. Key features include a coelom, metamerism, and parapodia used for locomotion and respiration. The three main classes are Polychaeta (bristle worms), Oligochaeta (earthworms and related species), and Hirudinea (leeches). Annelids display a variety of forms and habitats but are generally successful due to their tube-within-a-tube body design allowing for organ and fluid compartmentalization.
Cell Organisation
This document provides information on unicellular and multicellular organisms. It discusses the key living processes of two unicellular organisms, Amoeba and Paramecium, including how they move, feed, respire, excrete, respond to stimuli, and reproduce. It then summarizes the importance of cell specialization in multicellular organisms like humans. Some examples of specialized human cells and tissues are described. Finally, it provides brief descriptions of organs and body systems.
Similar to Ex 6 10 post lab bio 101 lab (20)
Cytoplasm & cell organelles By Manoj Dhital (M.Sc Medical Microbiology))
Cytoplasm & cell organelles By Manoj Dhital (M.Sc Medical Microbiology))
More from Jasper Obico
Genetics mendelian.ppt
Gregor Mendel conducted experiments breeding pea plants that varied in traits like flower color. By carefully tracking the inheritance of traits over generations, he discovered two laws of heredity: segregation and independent assortment. Mendel found that traits separate, or segregate, so offspring receive one allele for each trait from each parent. He also found that different traits assort independently, resulting in unpredictable combinations in offspring. Mendel's laws explained the patterns of inheritance he observed, like the 3:1 ratio of dominant to recessive traits in the second filial generation. His work established the foundations of classical genetics.
Evolution of plants and non vascular.pptx
1. The document provides an overview of the evolution of plants, beginning with aquatic algae like Elodea and Charales that reproduced through isogamy or oogamy, and the first land plants like mosses, liverworts, and hornworts that have alternation of generations with a haploid gametophyte and diploid sporophyte generation.
2. It describes key characteristics of bryophytes like mosses, liverworts, and hornworts including their sexual reproduction through archegonia and antheridia and asexual reproduction through spores.
3. The life cycles of model bryophytes like Marchantia, Sphagnum moss,
Eudicots rosids fs2013.ppt
This document provides an overview of the eudicots, which are characterized by tricolpate or tricolpate-derived pollen grains. It discusses the major orders of core eudicots including Ranunculales, Caryophyllales, Saxifragales, rosids, and asterids. Specific families are highlighted such as Myrtaceae, Fabaceae, and the three subfamilies within Fabaceae. Diagrams are included to illustrate floral characteristics of various plants within these groups.
Eudicots asterids fs2013.pptx
This document provides information about flowering plant diversity and classification, focusing on the order Asterids. It discusses the characteristics of the Asterids, including unitegmic ovules that are tenuinucellate. It then lists several orders within the Asterids, including the Cornales, Ericales, Gentianales, Lamiales, Solanales, and more. For each order, it provides the included families. The document also provides more detailed descriptions of characteristics for several economically and medicinally important families, including Apocynaceae, Rubiaceae, Lamiaceae, Solanaceae, and Asteraceae.
Plant diversity.ppt
- Lycophytes were some of the earliest land plants and include club mosses, spike mosses, and quillworts. They produce spores through sporophylls, which are modified leaves containing sporangia. Most lycophytes are homosporous, producing one type of spore.
- Seedless vascular plants evolved to have two types of vascular tissue - xylem and phloem. Xylem transports water and minerals through dead tracheid cells, while phloem transports sugars and other organic compounds through living cells. Roots evolved from subterranean stems to anchor plants and absorb water and nutrients from the soil. Leaves evolved from stem outgrowths to increase
Evolution and systematics.ppt
This document provides an overview of Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection. It discusses key figures and findings that influenced Darwin's thinking, such as Linnaeus' taxonomy, Lamarck's theory of inheritance of acquired traits, and Lyell and Hutton's theories of gradual geological change. The document also summarizes Darwin's two main ideas in Origin of Species: that evolution explains life's diversity and unity, and that natural selection is a mechanism of adaptive evolution. It provides examples of natural selection in action and evidence that supports evolution, such as molecular homologies and transitional fossils.
Molecular genetics.ppt
The document discusses the flow of genetic information from DNA to protein. It describes how DNA contains the genetic code in the form of nucleotide sequences. During transcription, DNA directs the synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Translation then uses the mRNA to synthesize polypeptides through the ribosome. George Beadle and Edward Tatum provided evidence supporting the "one gene-one enzyme" hypothesis through experiments with bread mold mutants. Their work showed that each gene directs the production of a specific enzyme.
Ecology fs2013.ppt
This document provides an overview of ecology and the biosphere from an introductory ecology textbook. It discusses the following key points in 3 sentences or less:
Ecology is the scientific study of interactions between organisms and their environment. Ecologists study these interactions across different levels from individual organisms to the entire biosphere. The document outlines the different focus areas of ecology including organismal, population, community, ecosystem, landscape, and global ecology.
It then discusses how ecology links to evolutionary biology and informs environmental issues. Various abiotic and biotic factors that influence the distribution of species are examined, including dispersal, behavior, climate, temperature, water, and interactions with other species. Finally, it provides an overview
Evolution of plants and non vascular
1. The document discusses the evolution of plants from algae to land plants. It describes key events in plant evolution including the development of cells, chloroplasts, and alternation of generations with separate haploid gametophyte and diploid sporophyte phases.
2. Details are provided on the structure and reproduction of major plant groups including bryophytes (liverworts, hornworts, and mosses). Liverworts and mosses are described as having both haploid gametophyte and diploid sporophyte generations.
3. Diagrams illustrate the life cycles and reproductive structures of bryophytes and how they differ from vascular land plants in their alternation of generations and lack
Reproductive structures
This document discusses reproductive structures in flowering plants. It describes the parts of a flower including sepals, petals, stamens, and pistils. It discusses floral variation in terms of complete/incomplete and perfect/imperfect flowers. It also discusses the development of male and female gametophytes, pollination, seed formation, seed dormancy, germination, and fruit formation providing protection and dispersal of seeds. Fruits are classified based on their developmental origin and texture. Seed and fruit dispersal methods include wind, physical expulsion, animal ingestion, attachment to animals, water, and ants.
Vascular plant organs
This document summarizes the key plant organs - meristems, roots, stems, and leaves. It describes the tissues and growth patterns of each organ. Apical and lateral meristems are responsible for primary and secondary growth, respectively. Roots anchor the plant and absorb water/minerals, having root hairs, a root cap, and tissues like the epidermis, cortex, and stele. Stems support leaves and transport fluids, with tissues like the epidermis, vascular bundles, and pith. Leaves undergo photosynthesis, with tissues such as the epidermis, mesophyll, and veins. Leaf shapes, venation patterns, and arrangements vary between plant types and environments.
Plant systematics
This document discusses the key concepts and components of systematics, which includes taxonomy and phylogeny. It covers topics such as:
- The goal of phylogenetic reconstruction and evolutionary history.
- The major parts of systematics including description, classification, nomenclature, and identification.
- Tools for communicating taxonomic information such as keys and scientific names.
- Methods for determining evolutionary relationships including cladistics and cladograms.
- Principles of formal taxonomic naming and types of specimens.
- Uses of keys to identify unknown taxa.
Evolution with phylogeny
This document discusses key concepts in biological evolution and taxonomy. It defines natural theology as the study of nature to understand the creator's plan. It describes the work of Carolus Linnaeus in establishing taxonomy and Jean Baptiste Lamarck's comparison of current and fossil species. The document then covers Darwin and Wallace's theory of descent with modification through natural selection and genetic inheritance. It discusses populations, species, and mechanisms of evolution like genetic drift, mutation, gene flow and natural selection. Finally, it summarizes population genetics, speciation, phylogeny, cladistics, and allopatric versus sympatric speciation.
Plant growth and development [compatibility mode]
Plant growth and development involves irreversible increases in size through cell division and enlargement (growth) as well as the progressive changes that elaborate the organism's form (development). Plants require carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and other essential nutrients for growth, development, and completing their life cycle. Nutrients are classified as macronutrients, which are required in large amounts, or micronutrients, which are required in small amounts. Plant hormones such as auxins, cytokinins, gibberellins, abscisic acid, ethylene, and brassinosteroids coordinate growth, development, and responses to stimuli. Hormones regulate processes like cell
Respiration
Cells require energy from external sources to perform tasks. Energy flows into ecosystems as sunlight and leaves as heat. Living cells obtain energy through photosynthesis or cellular respiration. Cellular respiration uses oxygen to completely oxidize glucose or other fuels and extract more energy in the form of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. When oxygen is absent, cells use fermentation pathways to produce ATP without oxygen by converting pyruvate into other end products like ethanol or lactic acid. Both fermentation and cellular respiration involve glycolysis but differ in their final electron acceptors, with cellular respiration producing more ATP.
Plant genetics
This document summarizes key concepts in plant genetics. It discusses:
1. Genes and chromosomes, and their roles in heredity and variation.
2. The cell cycle and its phases (interphase and mitosis/meiosis), which allow for cell division and reproduction.
3. Sources of variation like crossing over, independent assortment of chromosomes, and random fertilization during meiosis.
4. Mendel's experiments on true-breeding plants and his discovery of dominant and recessive alleles, and how they segregate and combine during reproduction according to the laws of inheritance.
5. Tools like Punnett squares that are used to predict outcomes of genetic crosses and inheritance of
Molecular genetics
This document provides information on DNA, genes, and heredity. It discusses that DNA is found in the nucleus and is made up of nucleotides. Genes, which are specific regions of DNA, code for enzymes and transfer hereditary traits. The central dogma is that DNA is transcribed into mRNA which is then translated into proteins. Modern techniques like genetic engineering can transfer genes between organisms to create transgenic plants with desired traits like pest resistance.
Evolution
This document discusses key concepts in evolution including:
1. Charles Darwin and Alfred Wallace developed the theory of evolution by natural selection, which proposes that species evolve over time through descent with modification from common ancestors and the process of natural selection.
2. Mechanisms of evolution include genetic drift, mutation, gene flow, and natural selection. Population genetics studies how allele frequencies change in populations over time.
3. Speciation, the formation of new species, can occur through allopatric or sympatric mechanisms and results in reproductive isolation between species. Modes of speciation include geographical barriers causing allopatric speciation and factors like polyploidy potentially enabling sympatric speciation.
Photosynthesis
This document provides information about photosynthesis including:
- Photosynthesis has two stages - the light reaction which converts light energy to chemical energy (ATP and NADPH), and the dark reaction (Calvin cycle) which fixes carbon and makes sugar.
- Pigments like chlorophyll and carotenoids absorb different wavelengths of light and transfer the energy to chlorophyll a which participates in the light reactions.
- The light reactions occur in photosystems which contain an antenna complex that absorbs light and a reaction center where the first light-driven chemical reaction takes place.
- There are two pathways for electron flow - the noncyclic pathway which produces both ATP and NADPH, and the
Eudicots summer2013 [compatibility mode]
This document provides information on the classification and characteristics of several plant families, including Myrtaceae, Lythraceae, Fabaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Moraceae, Malvaceae, Anacardiaceae, and Meliaceae. It describes key morphological features such as leaf arrangement, flower structure, fruit type, and economic uses. Many examples of plants from each family are given. The families discussed belong to the orders Myrtales, Fabales, Malpighiales, Rosales, Malvales, Sapindales, and are examples of the large group of flowering plants called eudicots.
More from Jasper Obico (20)
Recently uploaded
Discover the Unseen: Tailored Recommendation of Unwatched Content
The session shares how JioCinema approaches ""watch discounting."" This capability ensures that if a user watched a certain amount of a show/movie, the platform no longer recommends that particular content to the user. Flawless operation of this feature promotes the discover of new content, improving the overall user experience.
JioCinema is an Indian over-the-top media streaming service owned by Viacom18.
AppSec PNW: Android and iOS Application Security with MobSF
Mobile Security Framework - MobSF is a free and open source automated mobile application security testing environment designed to help security engineers, researchers, developers, and penetration testers to identify security vulnerabilities, malicious behaviours and privacy concerns in mobile applications using static and dynamic analysis. It supports all the popular mobile application binaries and source code formats built for Android and iOS devices. In addition to automated security assessment, it also offers an interactive testing environment to build and execute scenario based test/fuzz cases against the application.
This talk covers:
Using MobSF for static analysis of mobile applications.
Interactive dynamic security assessment of Android and iOS applications.
Solving Mobile app CTF challenges.
Reverse engineering and runtime analysis of Mobile malware.
How to shift left and integrate MobSF/mobsfscan SAST and DAST in your build pipeline.
Apps Break Data
How information systems are built or acquired puts information, which is what they should be about, in a secondary place. Our language adapted accordingly, and we no longer talk about information systems but applications. Applications evolved in a way to break data into diverse fragments, tightly coupled with applications and expensive to integrate. The result is technical debt, which is re-paid by taking even bigger "loans", resulting in an ever-increasing technical debt. Software engineering and procurement practices work in sync with market forces to maintain this trend. This talk demonstrates how natural this situation is. The question is: can something be done to reverse the trend?
Northern Engraving | Modern Metal Trim, Nameplates and Appliance Panels
What began over 115 years ago as a supplier of precision gauges to the automotive industry has evolved into being an industry leader in the manufacture of product branding, automotive cockpit trim and decorative appliance trim. Value-added services include in-house Design, Engineering, Program Management, Test Lab and Tool Shops.
Lee Barnes - Path to Becoming an Effective Test Automation Engineer.pdf
So… you want to become a Test Automation Engineer (or hire and develop one)? While there’s quite a bit of information available about important technical and tool skills to master, there’s not enough discussion around the path to becoming an effective Test Automation Engineer that knows how to add VALUE. In my experience this had led to a proliferation of engineers who are proficient with tools and building frameworks but have skill and knowledge gaps, especially in software testing, that reduce the value they deliver with test automation.
In this talk, Lee will share his lessons learned from over 30 years of working with, and mentoring, hundreds of Test Automation Engineers. Whether you’re looking to get started in test automation or just want to improve your trade, this talk will give you a solid foundation and roadmap for ensuring your test automation efforts continuously add value. This talk is equally valuable for both aspiring Test Automation Engineers and those managing them! All attendees will take away a set of key foundational knowledge and a high-level learning path for leveling up test automation skills and ensuring they add value to their organizations.
Containers & AI - Beauty and the Beast!?!
As AI technology is pushing into IT I was wondering myself, as an “infrastructure container kubernetes guy”, how get this fancy AI technology get managed from an infrastructure operational view? Is it possible to apply our lovely cloud native principals as well? What benefit’s both technologies could bring to each other?
Let me take this questions and provide you a short journey through existing deployment models and use cases for AI software. On practical examples, we discuss what cloud/on-premise strategy we may need for applying it to our own infrastructure to get it to work from an enterprise perspective. I want to give an overview about infrastructure requirements and technologies, what could be beneficial or limiting your AI use cases in an enterprise environment. An interactive Demo will give you some insides, what approaches I got already working for real.
Keywords: AI, Containeres, Kubernetes, Cloud Native
Event Link: https://meine.doag.org/events/cloudland/2024/agenda/#agendaId.4211
What is an RPA CoE? Session 2 – CoE Roles
In this session, we will review the players involved in the CoE and how each role impacts opportunities.
Topics covered:
• What roles are essential?
• What place in the automation journey does each role play?
Speaker:
Chris Bolin, Senior Intelligent Automation Architect Anika Systems
Northern Engraving | Nameplate Manufacturing Process - 2024
Manufacturing custom quality metal nameplates and badges involves several standard operations. Processes include sheet prep, lithography, screening, coating, punch press and inspection. All decoration is completed in the flat sheet with adhesive and tooling operations following. The possibilities for creating unique durable nameplates are endless. How will you create your brand identity? We can help!
"Choosing proper type of scaling", Olena Syrota
Imagine an IoT processing system that is already quite mature and production-ready and for which client coverage is growing and scaling and performance aspects are life and death questions. The system has Redis, MongoDB, and stream processing based on ksqldb. In this talk, firstly, we will analyze scaling approaches and then select the proper ones for our system.
JavaLand 2024: Application Development Green Masterplan
My presentation slides I used at JavaLand 2024
GlobalLogic Java Community Webinar #18 “How to Improve Web Application Perfor...
Під час доповіді відповімо на питання, навіщо потрібно підвищувати продуктивність аплікації і які є найефективніші способи для цього. А також поговоримо про те, що таке кеш, які його види бувають та, основне — як знайти performance bottleneck?
Відео та деталі заходу: https://bit.ly/45tILxj
Must Know Postgres Extension for DBA and Developer during Migration
Mydbops Opensource Database Meetup 16
Topic: Must-Know PostgreSQL Extensions for Developers and DBAs During Migration
Speaker: Deepak Mahto, Founder of DataCloudGaze Consulting
Date & Time: 8th June | 10 AM - 1 PM IST
Venue: Bangalore International Centre, Bangalore
Abstract: Discover how PostgreSQL extensions can be your secret weapon! This talk explores how key extensions enhance database capabilities and streamline the migration process for users moving from other relational databases like Oracle.
Key Takeaways:
* Learn about crucial extensions like oracle_fdw, pgtt, and pg_audit that ease migration complexities.
* Gain valuable strategies for implementing these extensions in PostgreSQL to achieve license freedom.
* Discover how these key extensions can empower both developers and DBAs during the migration process.
* Don't miss this chance to gain practical knowledge from an industry expert and stay updated on the latest open-source database trends.
Mydbops Managed Services specializes in taking the pain out of database management while optimizing performance. Since 2015, we have been providing top-notch support and assistance for the top three open-source databases: MySQL, MongoDB, and PostgreSQL.
Our team offers a wide range of services, including assistance, support, consulting, 24/7 operations, and expertise in all relevant technologies. We help organizations improve their database's performance, scalability, efficiency, and availability.
Contact us: info@mydbops.com
Visit: https://www.mydbops.com/
Follow us on LinkedIn: https://in.linkedin.com/company/mydbops
For more details and updates, please follow up the below links.
Meetup Page : https://www.meetup.com/mydbops-databa...
Twitter: https://twitter.com/mydbopsofficial
Blogs: https://www.mydbops.com/blog/
Facebook(Meta): https://www.facebook.com/mydbops/
Astute Business Solutions | Oracle Cloud Partner |
Your goto partner for Oracle Cloud, PeopleSoft, E-Business Suite, and Ellucian Banner. We are a firm specialized in managed services and consulting.
"Frontline Battles with DDoS: Best practices and Lessons Learned", Igor Ivaniuk
At this talk we will discuss DDoS protection tools and best practices, discuss network architectures and what AWS has to offer. Also, we will look into one of the largest DDoS attacks on Ukrainian infrastructure that happened in February 2022. We'll see, what techniques helped to keep the web resources available for Ukrainians and how AWS improved DDoS protection for all customers based on Ukraine experience
AI in the Workplace Reskilling, Upskilling, and Future Work.pptx
Discover how AI is transforming the workplace and learn strategies for reskilling and upskilling employees to stay ahead. This comprehensive guide covers the impact of AI on jobs, essential skills for the future, and successful case studies from industry leaders. Embrace AI-driven changes, foster continuous learning, and build a future-ready workforce.
Read More - https://bit.ly/3VKly70
The Microsoft 365 Migration Tutorial For Beginner.pptx
This presentation will help you understand the power of Microsoft 365. However, we have mentioned every productivity app included in Office 365. Additionally, we have suggested the migration situation related to Office 365 and how we can help you.
You can also read: https://www.systoolsgroup.com/updates/office-365-tenant-to-tenant-migration-step-by-step-complete-guide/
GraphRAG for LifeSciences Hands-On with the Clinical Knowledge Graph
Tomaz Bratanic
Graph ML and GenAI Expert - Neo4j
A Deep Dive into ScyllaDB's Architecture
This talk will cover ScyllaDB Architecture from the cluster-level view and zoom in on data distribution and internal node architecture. In the process, we will learn the secret sauce used to get ScyllaDB's high availability and superior performance. We will also touch on the upcoming changes to ScyllaDB architecture, moving to strongly consistent metadata and tablets.
Leveraging the Graph for Clinical Trials and Standards
Katja Glaß
OpenStudyBuilder Community Manager - Katja Glaß Consulting
Marius Conjeaud
Principal Consultant - Neo4j
Recently uploaded (20)
Discover the Unseen: Tailored Recommendation of Unwatched Content
Discover the Unseen: Tailored Recommendation of Unwatched Content
AppSec PNW: Android and iOS Application Security with MobSF
AppSec PNW: Android and iOS Application Security with MobSF
Northern Engraving | Modern Metal Trim, Nameplates and Appliance Panels
Northern Engraving | Modern Metal Trim, Nameplates and Appliance Panels
Lee Barnes - Path to Becoming an Effective Test Automation Engineer.pdf
Lee Barnes - Path to Becoming an Effective Test Automation Engineer.pdf
Northern Engraving | Nameplate Manufacturing Process - 2024
Northern Engraving | Nameplate Manufacturing Process - 2024
JavaLand 2024: Application Development Green Masterplan
JavaLand 2024: Application Development Green Masterplan
GlobalLogic Java Community Webinar #18 “How to Improve Web Application Perfor...
GlobalLogic Java Community Webinar #18 “How to Improve Web Application Perfor...
Must Know Postgres Extension for DBA and Developer during Migration
Must Know Postgres Extension for DBA and Developer during Migration
Astute Business Solutions | Oracle Cloud Partner |
Astute Business Solutions | Oracle Cloud Partner |
"Frontline Battles with DDoS: Best practices and Lessons Learned", Igor Ivaniuk
"Frontline Battles with DDoS: Best practices and Lessons Learned", Igor Ivaniuk
AI in the Workplace Reskilling, Upskilling, and Future Work.pptx
AI in the Workplace Reskilling, Upskilling, and Future Work.pptx
The Microsoft 365 Migration Tutorial For Beginner.pptx
The Microsoft 365 Migration Tutorial For Beginner.pptx
GraphRAG for LifeSciences Hands-On with the Clinical Knowledge Graph
GraphRAG for LifeSciences Hands-On with the Clinical Knowledge Graph
Leveraging the Graph for Clinical Trials and Standards
Leveraging the Graph for Clinical Trials and Standards
Ex 6 10 post lab bio 101 lab
- 1. Bio 101 LAB Bio 101 LAB Post lab Discussion Ex. 6 10 Ex. 6‐10
- 2. Exercise 6 Exercise 6 Epidermis ‐ Outermost layer of tissues ‐ Cl l Closely attached; devoid of intercellular h d d id f i ll l spaces MULTIPLE EPIDERMIS—O: protoderm p HYPODERMIS– O: ground meristem
- 3. Epidermis • Ordinary epidermal Ordinary epidermal cells – devoid of intercellular spaces • Cells with special structure, form or content • Cells connected with stomata • Appendages
- 11. Stomatal Complexes Eudicot Monocot • Anomocytic • Type I • Anisocytic • Type II • Paracytic • Type III Type III • Diacytic • Type IV • Actinocytic
- 14. MONOCOT STOMATA TYPE IV= anomocytic Type III Type I Type I Type I Type II
- 17. Exercise 9 Exercise 9 Primary tissues a y t ssues ‐ Products of primary meristems OBSERVE THE TISSUE ORGANIZATION OF STEMS IN PRIMARY GROWTH Dermal tissue system y Ground tissue system Pith region Vascular system Vascular system
- 22. Exercise 10 Exercise 10 • Secondary tissues Secondary tissues ‐ Tissues dervied from vascular cambium and cork cambium cork cambium Vascular cambium • Secondary xylem and secondary phloem (fusiform initials) • Vascular rays (ray initials)
- 23. • Cork cambium / phellogen Cork cambium / phellogen ‐ Cork cells /phellem and secondary cortex/ phelloderm SECONDARY VASCULAR TISSUES a. Axial system y b. Radial system
- 24. • Conifer rays y (gymnosperms) ‐ One cell wide (uniseriate) except with ( ) h resin ducts a. Ray tracheids a Ray tracheids b. Ray parenchyma HOMOCELLULAR or HETEROCELLULAR
- 25. • Angiosperm rays ‐ 1 to many cell wide ‐ One type of cell: ray parenchyma but varies in shape a. procumbent b. upright HOMO or HETERO
- 39. • Name all the secondary tissues and identify: Name all the secondary tissues and identify: ‐Location, function, origin • CCorrection: cork cambium being unidirectional i k bi b i idi i l • Bark = consists of a. Inner bark living; secondary phloem a Inner bark – living; secondary phloem b. outer bark (rhytidome)‐ dead
- 40. Ex. 7 Laticifers Ex. 7 Laticifers • Cells or Series of cells containing fluid (latex) Cells or Series of cells containing fluid (latex) A. Simple/ non articulated‐ single cell B. C Compound/ articulated‐ series of cell d/ i l d i f ll Latex
- 41. Articulated laticifer Articulated laticifer • Non anastomosing Non anastomosing ‐ Long, cell chains or compound tubes not connected with each other laterally connected with each other laterally • Anastomosing ‐ Form lateral anastomoses (network) with similar chains or tubes forming a reticulum
- 42. Non articulated laticifer Non articulated laticifer • Unbranched • Branched h d ‐
- 46. Latex • Clear (Nerium oleander, Araceae) C ea ( e u o ea de , aceae) • Milky (Euphorbia, Ficus) • Contents: CHO, organic acids, salts, sterols, fats Contents: CHO, organic acids, salts, sterols, fats and mucilages • Terpenoids (rubber), cardiac glycosides, alkaloids p ( ), gy , (morphine, codeine), sugar, protein • Starch grains(Euphorbiaceae, Apocynaceae) • Crystals • Enzymes (papain, cellulase, pectinase etc)
- 47. Function of laticifers Function of laticifers • Food conduction? Food conduction? • Food storage? • Rubber– a metabolic overspill bb b li ill • Sequester toxic secondary metabolites— protection against herbivores