E waste
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This document defines e-waste as used or obsolete electronic devices such as TVs, computers, phones, and other household appliances. It discusses the history of e-waste and how informal processing of e-waste in developing countries can cause health and environmental issues due to toxic components like lead, cadmium, and brominated flame retardants. The document also outlines the types of e-waste, initiatives like StEP to address e-waste issues, techniques for e-waste management including recycling and consumer awareness, and both hazardous and non-hazardous substances commonly found in e-waste.
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E-Waste - Recycle & Management
E-waste consists of discarded electronic items like computers, printers, and cell phones. It is one of the fastest growing waste streams worldwide. Sources of e-waste include the private sector, government offices, hospitals, and homes. If not properly managed, e-waste poses health and environmental risks due to toxic materials. Legislation in countries like India and the US aim to increase e-waste recycling and reduce improper disposal through take-back programs and recycling targets for manufacturers. Proper e-waste management includes collection, sorting, transportation, and recycling to recover valuable materials and avoid pollution.
E waste and management
This document discusses electronic waste (e-waste), including its definition, production, composition, disposal issues, health problems, and management. It notes that e-waste includes obsolete or discarded electrical/electronic equipment like computers, TVs, and cell phones. About 50 million metric tons of e-waste are produced globally each year, with improper disposal releasing toxic materials that can harm the environment and human health. The document outlines some steps to properly manage e-waste, including detoxification to remove hazardous components, shredding the materials into pieces, and refining to extract reusable components.
Plastic waste management
Plastics have made significant contributions across many fields like agriculture, medicine, transportation, and manufacturing. They are widely used due to properties like light weight, durability, and low price. Plastics can be categorized based on their recyclability and size. Improper plastic waste disposal pollutes the marine environment. New technologies are being developed and implemented for plastic waste management like recycling, incineration, use in road construction, and co-processing in cement kilns. Education programs are needed to promote better plastic waste disposal practices and reduce environmental pollution.
E waste
This document discusses electronic waste (e-waste) and its management. It begins by defining e-waste as discarded electronic devices such as computers, TVs, and cell phones. It then notes that 50 million tons of e-waste are produced annually, much of which is improperly disposed of. The document outlines the various sources of e-waste and how electronics become waste. It also describes the toxic constituents in e-waste and their environmental and health impacts if not handled properly. Current e-waste disposal and recycling practices are discussed, along with their advantages and challenges. The conclusion emphasizes the need for safer e-waste management and increased awareness.
Pollution Prevention
The document discusses various types of pollution and provides recommendations for pollution prevention through simple and easily practicable methods such as planting trees, sharing automobiles, avoiding plastic bags, recycling bottles, and obeying environmental protection laws.
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Today we all are surrounded by huge pollution.They are ready to attack us all together in the form of Air-pollution,water-pollution,sound-pollution etc.Electronic wastes are one of them which are dominating our lives and livings.If it is ignored or under-estimated now then it will be too late for our future generations to get control over it.So we should come all together in a wrestling ring against these pollutions and kick them away from our environment and eco-system.
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This document discusses environmental pollution and protective measures. It defines environmental pollution and describes different types of pollution including air, water, and land pollution. It then discusses various sources of these pollutions such as automobiles, thermal power stations, industrial and agricultural waste. The document outlines effects of pollution like respiratory diseases. Finally, it proposes protective measures for different types of pollution through technologies, public participation, and enforcement of environmental laws.
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E-Waste - Recycle & Management
E-waste consists of discarded electronic items like computers, printers, and cell phones. It is one of the fastest growing waste streams worldwide. Sources of e-waste include the private sector, government offices, hospitals, and homes. If not properly managed, e-waste poses health and environmental risks due to toxic materials. Legislation in countries like India and the US aim to increase e-waste recycling and reduce improper disposal through take-back programs and recycling targets for manufacturers. Proper e-waste management includes collection, sorting, transportation, and recycling to recover valuable materials and avoid pollution.
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This document discusses electronic waste (e-waste), including its definition, production, composition, disposal issues, health problems, and management. It notes that e-waste includes obsolete or discarded electrical/electronic equipment like computers, TVs, and cell phones. About 50 million metric tons of e-waste are produced globally each year, with improper disposal releasing toxic materials that can harm the environment and human health. The document outlines some steps to properly manage e-waste, including detoxification to remove hazardous components, shredding the materials into pieces, and refining to extract reusable components.
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Plastics have made significant contributions across many fields like agriculture, medicine, transportation, and manufacturing. They are widely used due to properties like light weight, durability, and low price. Plastics can be categorized based on their recyclability and size. Improper plastic waste disposal pollutes the marine environment. New technologies are being developed and implemented for plastic waste management like recycling, incineration, use in road construction, and co-processing in cement kilns. Education programs are needed to promote better plastic waste disposal practices and reduce environmental pollution.
E waste
This document discusses electronic waste (e-waste) and its management. It begins by defining e-waste as discarded electronic devices such as computers, TVs, and cell phones. It then notes that 50 million tons of e-waste are produced annually, much of which is improperly disposed of. The document outlines the various sources of e-waste and how electronics become waste. It also describes the toxic constituents in e-waste and their environmental and health impacts if not handled properly. Current e-waste disposal and recycling practices are discussed, along with their advantages and challenges. The conclusion emphasizes the need for safer e-waste management and increased awareness.
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The document discusses various types of pollution and provides recommendations for pollution prevention through simple and easily practicable methods such as planting trees, sharing automobiles, avoiding plastic bags, recycling bottles, and obeying environmental protection laws.
E waste management
Today we all are surrounded by huge pollution.They are ready to attack us all together in the form of Air-pollution,water-pollution,sound-pollution etc.Electronic wastes are one of them which are dominating our lives and livings.If it is ignored or under-estimated now then it will be too late for our future generations to get control over it.So we should come all together in a wrestling ring against these pollutions and kick them away from our environment and eco-system.
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This certificate certifies that Vivek Jain completed a school project on "Waste Management" in the 2016-17 year. The principal confirms that the project was Vivek's original work completed with guidance. Vivek thanks his school for the opportunity to present. The document then outlines different types of waste, effects of waste, and methods for waste disposal and recycling. It concludes by discussing the need for improved waste management policies in India.
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This document discusses environmental pollution and protective measures. It defines environmental pollution and describes different types of pollution including air, water, and land pollution. It then discusses various sources of these pollutions such as automobiles, thermal power stations, industrial and agricultural waste. The document outlines effects of pollution like respiratory diseases. Finally, it proposes protective measures for different types of pollution through technologies, public participation, and enforcement of environmental laws.
E waste management
This document provides information about electronic waste (e-waste) management. It defines e-waste and lists some of its main components. It discusses the risks e-waste poses to human health and the environment if not disposed of properly. It outlines some ways to dispose of e-waste, like sending it to authorized recycling facilities or donating still working equipment. It describes the advantages of e-waste recycling like asset recovery and environmental benefits. It then details the steps involved in e-waste recycling and compares informal e-waste recycling practices in India to formal practices in countries like Switzerland.
E waste & it’s management
e waste and its management.
E-waste is electronic products that are unwanted, not working, and nearing or at the end of their “useful life.” Computers, televisions etc.
Waste management
waste management, introduction, classification of waste, laws regarding waste management, waste disposal methods, waste hierarchy.
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E-waste killer
This document discusses e-waste, which refers to discarded electrical or electronic devices. It notes that e-waste is growing rapidly and currently only 27% is recycled globally each year. The sources of e-waste include outdated computers and devices, entertainment electronics, and communication devices. Improper disposal of e-waste through landfilling, incineration, or acid baths can lead to groundwater pollution, soil contamination, and toxic fumes. The document emphasizes the importance of proper e-waste management and increasing recycling and reuse to reduce environmental harm.
E waste
What is E-waste? – What causes E-waste?: Rapid development of upgraded electronic equipments forces the disposal of outdated equipments. – What makes E-waste hazardous?: All electronic equipments are made up of materials, which are harmful to human and pollute the environment when exposed. The harmful materials used in the manufacture of electronic equipments are Lead, Mercury, Plastics, CFCs, Cadmium, etc. – Current status of E-waste: E-waste now a day’s forces the world experts to turn back, as it’s a rapid growing problem in the developed and developing countries to recycle it or to dispose it safely so that they don’t pose any environmental pollution or hazards. – What caused the current state of E-waste: The lack of awareness about the hazardous & polluting nature of E-waste. And the cost to recycle E-wastes. – How to control E-waste? Reduce and Recycle: When a equipment is not working it doesn’t mean that the whole equipment has spoiled but generally just one part. By trying to use the equipments as long as possible by getting it repaired at service centers helps in reducing the accumulation of E-wastes. On the other hand certain equipments have to be disposed, at that time recycling of them prevents E-waste. – How to recycle?: The recycling of E-waste is not a simple process that can be performed all were, as they deal with harmful materials, and which requires lot of stuffs. The recycle of E-waste is done in many categories according to the material out of which it is made. – Benefits of recycling E-waste: The electronic equipments are made of material or resources such as Lead, Mercury, Plastics, CFCs, Cadmium, etc., which are nonrenewable can be recovered by the recycling process. Thus preventing nonrenewable resources from becoming extinct. Due to the availability of resources by recycling too they may account for the decrease in cost of the equipments. – Why recycling of E-waste is costly: The recycling of E-waste is costly when compared to recycling of other matters. This is because the composition of the equipments are harmful the recycling of which should be done with extensive care in hi-tech manner with expensive tools. The recycling of E-waste requires large labor as the primary aspect of recycling them is to categories them in metals, plastic, glass, etc., for further processing. As major constituent of E-waste is circuit board the de-soldering of which requires labor? These things makes recycling of E-waste costly. – Steps to control E-waste: The major reason of E-waste is the lack of awareness about it among the consumers of the electronic equipments. The control of E-waste can be achieved by creating awareness to the consumers about the hazardous nature of the equipments on disposal while selling the products. The E-waste recycle centers should be in reach of the consumers to disclose them safely to the recycler. The produce of the electronic equipments can implement the E-waste recycle unit
E waste management ppt
in this PowerPoint presentation, u will know.
>what is e-waste
>examples of e-waste
>composition of e-waste.
>why e-waste management is important.
>effect of e-waste on environment.
>effects on human health.
>e waste management in different countries.
>our role in ewaste management.
Waste management
AN research on waste management in western countries and India comparatively as what they have and what we are lagging in.
Electronic Waste Management
This document provides an overview of electronic waste (e-waste) management. It discusses:
1) Sources of e-waste including individual households, businesses, manufacturers, and imports. Business sectors account for most e-waste in India.
2) Categories of e-waste including large and small household appliances, IT equipment, consumer equipment, lighting, and more.
3) Hazards of e-waste including toxic heavy metals like lead, mercury, cadmium which can contaminate the environment if e-waste is improperly disposed of.
Waste management ppt
This document discusses different types of waste and waste management. It describes the sources and types of waste as industrial, commercial, domestic, and agricultural. Waste is categorized as biodegradable and non-biodegradable. Methods of managing waste include recycling, composting, and disposal in landfills. Recycling helps reduce pollution and conserve resources. The Swachh Bharat Abhiyan aims to eliminate open defecation and improve solid waste management in India.
E waste
This document discusses e-waste management. It defines e-waste as electronic and electrical devices that are discarded, including computers, office equipment, and entertainment devices. E-waste is one of the fastest growing waste streams worldwide. The document recommends reducing e-waste through the "3R" approach of reduce, reuse, and recycle to conserve energy and resources. Recycling electronic waste is presented as a better alternative than disposal.
E - Waste
E-waste refers to obsolete, broken, or discarded electrical or electronic devices. The document discusses the sources, composition, impacts, and proper disposal of e-waste. It notes that e-waste is one of the fastest growing waste streams and contains hazardous materials like lead, mercury, and cadmium. Improper disposal of e-waste through landfilling or incineration can pollute the environment and harm human health. Recycling e-waste helps reduce these impacts and recover valuable materials. Individual actions like recycling old electronics can help address the growing problem of e-waste.
E waste management
Electronic waste or e-waste refers to discarded electrical or electronic devices like cathode ray tubes, chips, plastics from electronics, and printed circuit boards. E-waste is dangerous as it contains carcinogens and toxic chemicals that can cause health effects like cancer, liver damage, and developmental issues. Proper e-waste management includes planning collection, recycling, and disposal to reduce environmental contamination while encouraging the 3R's of reduce, reuse, and recycle. All governments, industries, and consumers should cooperate to sustainably manage e-waste.
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This presentation discusses different types of pollution including air, water, noise, and land pollution. It provides examples of each type of pollution and their negative environmental and health impacts. For air pollution, it notes that vehicle exhaust, fossil fuel burning, and industrial emissions release gases like carbon, sulfur, and nitrogen that are linked to respiratory illnesses. Trees are also described as reducing air pollution by producing oxygen and absorbing carbon dioxide. The presentation aims to raise awareness about pollution and its disadvantages in order to protect the environment and human life.
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Initial solid waste management methods involved open dumping and burning of wastes outside cities. As populations increased, integrated waste management was developed involving collection, processing, resource recovery and disposal. Methods of disposal include landfilling, incineration, composting, and controlled dumping at sea. Proper disposal prevents pollution and disease, while resource recovery provides economic benefits.
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This presentation provides an overview of e-waste management strategies. It defines e-waste as discarded electrical and electronic equipment, which is one of the fastest growing waste streams. E-waste contains hazardous materials like lead, cadmium, and mercury, which can damage human health and pollute the environment if not properly managed. The presentation outlines guidelines for proper e-waste collection, sorting, transportation, and recycling to reduce environmental and health impacts. It also discusses the roles and responsibilities of industries, citizens, and governments in promoting sustainable e-waste management.
sustainability developments environmental protection and control
Sustainable development aims to meet human needs while sustaining natural systems. It requires consideration of the interconnected relationships between economy, society, and environment. Sustainability indicators measure progress on issues like quality of life, literacy, health, and standard of living. Achieving sustainability requires strategies like improving resource efficiency, reducing pollution in industrial processes, and adopting environmental management systems. Barriers include focusing solely on economic growth without regard for environmental and social impacts.
E-waste.pptx
E-waste refers to electronic devices that are no longer useful, such as old phones, computers, and televisions. These devices contain hazardous materials like lead and mercury that can harm the environment and human health if improperly disposed. Common sources of e-waste include large and small household appliances, IT equipment, and audio/visual devices. Improper e-waste disposal methods like acid baths and incineration release toxic fumes, while landfilling allows chemicals to leach into soil and water sources. The volume of e-waste produced annually is growing rapidly and most is improperly disposed of rather than recycled.
E waste Management
E-waste is electrical and electronic equipment that is discarded. It is growing rapidly due to the short lifespan of electronics. E-waste contains hazardous materials like lead and mercury, but also valuable materials that can be recovered through recycling. Currently, most e-waste is handled by the informal sector in developing countries through unsafe practices like incineration and dumping. Regulations in India aim to promote formal and environmentally-sound recycling, but enforcement remains a challenge. IIT Guwahati follows a buyback policy for old electronics and works with vendors to refurbish and properly dispose of end-of-life equipment.
Climate Change
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Definitions: USA EPA!
Climate change refers to any significant change in the measures of climate lasting for an extended period of time. In other words, climate change includes major changes in temperature, precipitation, or wind patterns, among other effects, that occur over several decades or longer.
History:
20 hottest years in the last and present century occurred after 1980.
KYOTO PROTOCOL
On February 2005 KYOTO PROTOCOL came into force in most of the 169 countries of the world.
It was decided that by 2010 GHG emissions would be reduced by 5.2% below 1990 level.
Causes:
Constantly emitting GHGs are the prime cause of it.
1.Water vapor (H. 2O)
2.Carbon dioxide (CO2)
3.Methane (CH4)
4.Nitrous oxide (N2O)
5.Ozone (O3)
6.Chloro-fluorocarbons (CFCs)
Effects:
Ill health of mother earth.
Future:
A darker future awaits for us if we don't take rationale steps right now.
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This document provides information about electronic waste (e-waste) management. It defines e-waste and lists some of its main components. It discusses the risks e-waste poses to human health and the environment if not disposed of properly. It outlines some ways to dispose of e-waste, like sending it to authorized recycling facilities or donating still working equipment. It describes the advantages of e-waste recycling like asset recovery and environmental benefits. It then details the steps involved in e-waste recycling and compares informal e-waste recycling practices in India to formal practices in countries like Switzerland.
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e waste and its management.
E-waste is electronic products that are unwanted, not working, and nearing or at the end of their “useful life.” Computers, televisions etc.
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This document discusses e-waste, which refers to discarded electrical or electronic devices. It notes that e-waste is growing rapidly and currently only 27% is recycled globally each year. The sources of e-waste include outdated computers and devices, entertainment electronics, and communication devices. Improper disposal of e-waste through landfilling, incineration, or acid baths can lead to groundwater pollution, soil contamination, and toxic fumes. The document emphasizes the importance of proper e-waste management and increasing recycling and reuse to reduce environmental harm.
E waste
What is E-waste? – What causes E-waste?: Rapid development of upgraded electronic equipments forces the disposal of outdated equipments. – What makes E-waste hazardous?: All electronic equipments are made up of materials, which are harmful to human and pollute the environment when exposed. The harmful materials used in the manufacture of electronic equipments are Lead, Mercury, Plastics, CFCs, Cadmium, etc. – Current status of E-waste: E-waste now a day’s forces the world experts to turn back, as it’s a rapid growing problem in the developed and developing countries to recycle it or to dispose it safely so that they don’t pose any environmental pollution or hazards. – What caused the current state of E-waste: The lack of awareness about the hazardous & polluting nature of E-waste. And the cost to recycle E-wastes. – How to control E-waste? Reduce and Recycle: When a equipment is not working it doesn’t mean that the whole equipment has spoiled but generally just one part. By trying to use the equipments as long as possible by getting it repaired at service centers helps in reducing the accumulation of E-wastes. On the other hand certain equipments have to be disposed, at that time recycling of them prevents E-waste. – How to recycle?: The recycling of E-waste is not a simple process that can be performed all were, as they deal with harmful materials, and which requires lot of stuffs. The recycle of E-waste is done in many categories according to the material out of which it is made. – Benefits of recycling E-waste: The electronic equipments are made of material or resources such as Lead, Mercury, Plastics, CFCs, Cadmium, etc., which are nonrenewable can be recovered by the recycling process. Thus preventing nonrenewable resources from becoming extinct. Due to the availability of resources by recycling too they may account for the decrease in cost of the equipments. – Why recycling of E-waste is costly: The recycling of E-waste is costly when compared to recycling of other matters. This is because the composition of the equipments are harmful the recycling of which should be done with extensive care in hi-tech manner with expensive tools. The recycling of E-waste requires large labor as the primary aspect of recycling them is to categories them in metals, plastic, glass, etc., for further processing. As major constituent of E-waste is circuit board the de-soldering of which requires labor? These things makes recycling of E-waste costly. – Steps to control E-waste: The major reason of E-waste is the lack of awareness about it among the consumers of the electronic equipments. The control of E-waste can be achieved by creating awareness to the consumers about the hazardous nature of the equipments on disposal while selling the products. The E-waste recycle centers should be in reach of the consumers to disclose them safely to the recycler. The produce of the electronic equipments can implement the E-waste recycle unit
E waste management ppt
in this PowerPoint presentation, u will know.
>what is e-waste
>examples of e-waste
>composition of e-waste.
>why e-waste management is important.
>effect of e-waste on environment.
>effects on human health.
>e waste management in different countries.
>our role in ewaste management.
Waste management
AN research on waste management in western countries and India comparatively as what they have and what we are lagging in.
Electronic Waste Management
This document provides an overview of electronic waste (e-waste) management. It discusses:
1) Sources of e-waste including individual households, businesses, manufacturers, and imports. Business sectors account for most e-waste in India.
2) Categories of e-waste including large and small household appliances, IT equipment, consumer equipment, lighting, and more.
3) Hazards of e-waste including toxic heavy metals like lead, mercury, cadmium which can contaminate the environment if e-waste is improperly disposed of.
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This document discusses different types of waste and waste management. It describes the sources and types of waste as industrial, commercial, domestic, and agricultural. Waste is categorized as biodegradable and non-biodegradable. Methods of managing waste include recycling, composting, and disposal in landfills. Recycling helps reduce pollution and conserve resources. The Swachh Bharat Abhiyan aims to eliminate open defecation and improve solid waste management in India.
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This document discusses e-waste management. It defines e-waste as electronic and electrical devices that are discarded, including computers, office equipment, and entertainment devices. E-waste is one of the fastest growing waste streams worldwide. The document recommends reducing e-waste through the "3R" approach of reduce, reuse, and recycle to conserve energy and resources. Recycling electronic waste is presented as a better alternative than disposal.
E - Waste
E-waste refers to obsolete, broken, or discarded electrical or electronic devices. The document discusses the sources, composition, impacts, and proper disposal of e-waste. It notes that e-waste is one of the fastest growing waste streams and contains hazardous materials like lead, mercury, and cadmium. Improper disposal of e-waste through landfilling or incineration can pollute the environment and harm human health. Recycling e-waste helps reduce these impacts and recover valuable materials. Individual actions like recycling old electronics can help address the growing problem of e-waste.
E waste management
Electronic waste or e-waste refers to discarded electrical or electronic devices like cathode ray tubes, chips, plastics from electronics, and printed circuit boards. E-waste is dangerous as it contains carcinogens and toxic chemicals that can cause health effects like cancer, liver damage, and developmental issues. Proper e-waste management includes planning collection, recycling, and disposal to reduce environmental contamination while encouraging the 3R's of reduce, reuse, and recycle. All governments, industries, and consumers should cooperate to sustainably manage e-waste.
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The document outlines an employer's and employee's responsibilities regarding environmental awareness during construction projects. It states that employers should explain environmental issues, avoidance methods, waste disposal and storage, and emergency responses. Employees should reuse materials, dispose of waste correctly, avoid dust and noise, and know the spill kit location. Both companies and individuals can be prosecuted for not following environmental laws, and sustainability means minimizing damage through practices like conserving energy and recycling.
PPT on Pollution
This presentation discusses different types of pollution including air, water, noise, and land pollution. It provides examples of each type of pollution and their negative environmental and health impacts. For air pollution, it notes that vehicle exhaust, fossil fuel burning, and industrial emissions release gases like carbon, sulfur, and nitrogen that are linked to respiratory illnesses. Trees are also described as reducing air pollution by producing oxygen and absorbing carbon dioxide. The presentation aims to raise awareness about pollution and its disadvantages in order to protect the environment and human life.
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
Initial solid waste management methods involved open dumping and burning of wastes outside cities. As populations increased, integrated waste management was developed involving collection, processing, resource recovery and disposal. Methods of disposal include landfilling, incineration, composting, and controlled dumping at sea. Proper disposal prevents pollution and disease, while resource recovery provides economic benefits.
Strategy of E-Waste Management
This presentation provides an overview of e-waste management strategies. It defines e-waste as discarded electrical and electronic equipment, which is one of the fastest growing waste streams. E-waste contains hazardous materials like lead, cadmium, and mercury, which can damage human health and pollute the environment if not properly managed. The presentation outlines guidelines for proper e-waste collection, sorting, transportation, and recycling to reduce environmental and health impacts. It also discusses the roles and responsibilities of industries, citizens, and governments in promoting sustainable e-waste management.
sustainability developments environmental protection and control
Sustainable development aims to meet human needs while sustaining natural systems. It requires consideration of the interconnected relationships between economy, society, and environment. Sustainability indicators measure progress on issues like quality of life, literacy, health, and standard of living. Achieving sustainability requires strategies like improving resource efficiency, reducing pollution in industrial processes, and adopting environmental management systems. Barriers include focusing solely on economic growth without regard for environmental and social impacts.
E-waste.pptx
E-waste refers to electronic devices that are no longer useful, such as old phones, computers, and televisions. These devices contain hazardous materials like lead and mercury that can harm the environment and human health if improperly disposed. Common sources of e-waste include large and small household appliances, IT equipment, and audio/visual devices. Improper e-waste disposal methods like acid baths and incineration release toxic fumes, while landfilling allows chemicals to leach into soil and water sources. The volume of e-waste produced annually is growing rapidly and most is improperly disposed of rather than recycled.
E waste Management
E-waste is electrical and electronic equipment that is discarded. It is growing rapidly due to the short lifespan of electronics. E-waste contains hazardous materials like lead and mercury, but also valuable materials that can be recovered through recycling. Currently, most e-waste is handled by the informal sector in developing countries through unsafe practices like incineration and dumping. Regulations in India aim to promote formal and environmentally-sound recycling, but enforcement remains a challenge. IIT Guwahati follows a buyback policy for old electronics and works with vendors to refurbish and properly dispose of end-of-life equipment.
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sustainability developments environmental protection and control
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Definitions: USA EPA!
Climate change refers to any significant change in the measures of climate lasting for an extended period of time. In other words, climate change includes major changes in temperature, precipitation, or wind patterns, among other effects, that occur over several decades or longer.
History:
20 hottest years in the last and present century occurred after 1980.
KYOTO PROTOCOL
On February 2005 KYOTO PROTOCOL came into force in most of the 169 countries of the world.
It was decided that by 2010 GHG emissions would be reduced by 5.2% below 1990 level.
Causes:
Constantly emitting GHGs are the prime cause of it.
1.Water vapor (H. 2O)
2.Carbon dioxide (CO2)
3.Methane (CH4)
4.Nitrous oxide (N2O)
5.Ozone (O3)
6.Chloro-fluorocarbons (CFCs)
Effects:
Ill health of mother earth.
Future:
A darker future awaits for us if we don't take rationale steps right now.
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Agriculture has intensified significantly over the past century due to population growth and industrialization. This intensification involved adopting mechanization, irrigation, fertilizers, pesticides, and high-yield crop varieties to boost productivity on existing farmland rather than expanding into new areas. While intensification increased food supply, it has also led to environmental issues like soil acidification, pollution from excess nutrients, and loss of biodiversity. Maintaining sustainable agricultural practices that balance productivity with environmental protection remains an ongoing challenge.
Talc
Topic: Talc
Contents
Introduction
Names of Talc
Occurrence
Physical Properties
Deposits
Formation Of Talc
Reserves In Pakistan
Uses of Talc (Soap Stone)
Health Effects
References
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The document discusses decision making for selecting materials for green building construction. It describes green buildings as structures that reduce natural resource consumption and meet certain sustainability standards. The document outlines various green building materials like compressed earth block, hemp block, timber, and their pros and cons. It also details the decision making process, which involves problem recognition, information gathering, establishing evaluation principles, brainstorming alternatives, analyzing alternatives based on principles, and selecting the optimal material. For the given problem of green building construction, compressed earth block is selected as the best material due to its economic feasibility, high strength, and environmental benefits.
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Quartz is the most abundant silica mineral found in igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks. It can be yellow, rose, smoky, or white and transparent, translucent, or opaque. Quartz is found in rocks and the earth's crust, including metamorphic rocks. Its main uses are in making glass, as well as glass ceramics, refractories, and cements.
Investment Materials
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Endodontic materials
Endodontic materials are used to obturate and seal root canals after pulp tissue destruction and infection. Common materials include irrigants like sodium hypochlorite and EDTA to clean canals, calcium hydroxide as an intracanal medication, and gutta percha or resin for bulk filling. Canals are sealed with materials like GIC, zinc oxide eugenol, or resin sealants. Newer repair materials like MTA are also used for surgeries and defects.
Healing of extraction wound
A brief presentation on healing after tooth extraction.
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Urbanization in pakistan
Urbanization in Pakistan has increased rapidly over the past decades. Some key points:
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- Urbanization provides economic and educational opportunities but also creates challenges like unemployment, environmental issues from lack of infrastructure, and threats to agricultural land from urban sprawl.
- To address issues, Pakistan needs to strengthen rural economies to reduce migration, improve public transport, increase access to services, and pursue sustainable urban development. Devolving power to local communities can also help address urban problems.
Dental Waxes
This document discusses different types of dental waxes, including their definitions, classifications, components, properties and uses. The main types covered are modelling wax, inlay wax, casting wax, boxing wax and sticky wax. For each type, the document outlines their composition, melting range, properties and intended uses. Thermal properties like solid-solid transition temperature, coefficient of thermal expansion and melting range are discussed for dental waxes in general.
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3R Recycler is an e-waste recycling facility located in Manesar, Gurgaon, India. It is promoted by waste management experts with the objective of providing an environmentally friendly solution for e-waste recycling. The facility uses state-of-the-art processes to safely collect, transport, dismantle, segregate, handle, and dispose of e-waste in an environmentally responsible manner. 3R Recycler's services include safe e-waste management, data security, reverse logistics, and compliance reporting to help organizations and individuals properly deal with electronic waste.
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E-Waste.pdf
This is a presentation on E-Waste.
In this ppt I have covered all topic on E-waste.
E-waste, short for electronic waste, refers to discarded electronic devices or equipment that have reached the end of their useful life or are no longer wanted by their owners. This category of waste encompasses a wide range of electronic devices, including computers, laptops, smartphones, tablets, televisions, refrigerators, washing machines, printers, and many others.
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2. Environmental Impact: If e-waste is not managed and disposed of properly, it can have severe environmental consequences. When e-waste is incinerated or dumped in landfills, toxic substances can leach into soil and water, contaminating ecosystems and posing risks to human health.
3. Health Hazards: Improper handling and dismantling of e-waste can expose workers and nearby communities to hazardous materials. Inhalation of toxic fumes, direct contact with harmful substances, and improper disposal practices can lead to serious health issues like respiratory problems, skin disorders, and even cancer.
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This document discusses e-waste management. It defines e-waste as discarded electrical or electronic equipment. Rapid upgrades in technology have increased e-waste in landfills. E-waste contains toxic chemicals and must be properly managed. Guidelines have been introduced for e-waste management based on producer responsibility and restricting hazardous substances. Effective e-waste management requires separate collection, treatment, and disposal rather than mixing with general waste.
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The document discusses electronic waste (e-waste) and its management. It provides background on e-waste, noting that it is waste from discarded electronic devices that are quickly replaced due to technological advances. It then discusses several key points around e-waste including that it contains hazardous materials, the short lifespans of electronics contribute to large volumes of e-waste, and that improper disposal can harm human health and the environment. The document concludes by emphasizing the importance of proper e-waste recycling and management.
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- E-waste is increasing rapidly due to factors like quick technology changes, increased consumer purchases of electronics, and more hazardous materials being used.
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The popularity of functional foods among scientists and common people has been increasing day by day. Awareness and modernization make the consumer think better regarding food and nutrition. Now a day’s individual knows very well about the relation between food consumption and disease prevalence. Humans have a diversity of microbes in the gut that together form the gut microflora. Probiotics are the health-promoting live microbial cells improve host health through gut and brain connection and fighting against harmful bacteria. Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus are the two bacterial genera which are considered to be probiotic. These good bacteria are facing challenges of viability. There are so many factors such as sensitivity to heat, pH, acidity, osmotic effect, mechanical shear, chemical components, freezing and storage time as well which affects the viability of probiotics in the dairy food matrix as well as in the gut. Multiple efforts have been done in the past and ongoing in present for these beneficial microbial population stability until their destination in the gut. One of a useful technique known as microencapsulation makes the probiotic effective in the diversified conditions and maintain these microbe’s community to the optimum level for achieving targeted benefits. Dairy products are found to be an ideal vehicle for probiotic incorporation. It has been seen that the encapsulated microbial cells show higher viability than the free cells in different processing and storage conditions as well as against bile salts in the gut. They make the food functional when incorporated, without affecting the product sensory characteristics.
Climate Change All over the World .pptx
Climate change refers to significant and lasting changes in the average weather patterns over periods ranging from decades to millions of years. It encompasses both global warming driven by human emissions of greenhouse gases and the resulting large-scale shifts in weather patterns. While climate change is a natural phenomenon, human activities, particularly since the Industrial Revolution, have accelerated its pace and intensity
ENVIRONMENT~ Renewable Energy Sources and their future prospects.
This presentation is for us to know that how our Environment need Attention for protection of our natural resources which are depleted day by day that's why we need to take time and shift our attention to renewable energy sources instead of non-renewable sources which are better and Eco-friendly for our environment. these renewable energy sources are so helpful for our planet and for every living organism which depends on environment.
一比一原版(UMTC毕业证书)明尼苏达大学双城分校毕业证如何办理
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Evolving Lifecycles with High Resolution Site Characterization (HRSC) and 3-D...
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E waste
- 3. -:Contents:- • Definition • History of E-Waste • Types of E-Waste • StEP Initiative • E-Waste Management • E-Waste Substances • References
- 4. -:Definition:- E-waste can be considered to cover TVs, computers, mobile phones, home entertainment and stereo systems, toys, toasters, kettles – almost any household or business item having electrical components with power or battery supply. The definition includes used electronics which are destined for reuse, resale, recycling, or disposal.
- 5. -:History of E-waste:- Informal processing of E-Waste in developing countries may cause serious health and pollution problems. E-Waste is a hazardous waste that poses potential threats to public health and the environment. Some electronic components, such as CRTs, may contain contaminants such as lead, cadmium, beryllium, or brominated flame retardants.
- 6. According to the U.S. environmental laws (Resource Conservation and Recovery Act) hazardous E-Waste fall into two major categories: characteristic E-Waste and listed E-Waste: a) Characteristic hazardous E-Waste:- Ignitability (i.e., flammable) Reactivity Corrosives Toxicity
- 7. b) Listed hazardous E-Wastes:- Such type of E-Waste generates by some larger companies such as: Chemical manufacturers. Electroplating companies. Oil refineries. Hazardous E-Waste is a special type of waste because it cannot be disposed of by common means like other by-products of our everyday lives.
- 8. -:Types of E-Waste:- Types of electronic waste according to the WEEE directive:- Large household appliances. Small household appliances. Office & communication. Entertainment electronics. Lighting equipment. Medical instruments. Automatic issuing systems.
- 9. -:StEP Initiative:- It is an international initiative, created to develop solutions to address issues associated with Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE). Aims and Means of StEP:- One of the most important aims of the StEP Initiative is to elaborate a set of global guidelines for the treatment of e- waste and the promotion of sustainable material recycling. StEP’s aim is to reduce dangers to humans and the environment, which result from inadequate and irresponsible treatment practices, and advance resource efficiency. *StEP:- Solving the E-Waste Problems
- 10. -:E-Waste Management:- Recycling of E-Waste:- Today E-Waste recycling becomes the world largest business all over the world. The environmental and social benefits of reuse include: Diminished demand for new products. Larger quantities of pure water and electricity for associated manufacturing. Less packaging per unit. Diminished use of landfills.
- 11. Consumer Awareness Efforts:- Address TheMess.com is a Comedy Central pro-social campaign that seeks to increase awareness of the dangers of E-Waste and to encourage recycling. NativeEnergy.com, is a company that specializes in renewable energy. The Electronics “TakeBack” Coalition is a campaign aimed at protecting human health. The Certified Electronics Recyclers is an Integrated management system that improve the quality, environment, health and safety (QEH&S) performance.
- 12. Processing techniques:- Firstly involves dismantling the equipment into various parts (metal frames, power supplies, circuit boards, plastics). A typical example is the NADIN electronic waste processing plant in Bulgaria, the largest facility of its kind in Europe. The advantages of this process are the human's ability to recognize and save working of repairable parts, including chips, transistors, RAM, etc.
- 13. -:E-Waste Substances:- Hazardous Substances:- Mercury.(Use in fluorescent tubes.) Sulphur.(Use in lead acid batteries.) Cadmium.(Found in light-sensitive resistors.) Lead.(Found in lead acid batteries.) Beryllium oxide.(Found in power transistors.)
- 14. Non-Hazardous Substances:- Tin: Coatings on component leads. Iron: Cases, and fixings. Nickel: Nickel-cadmium batteries. Lithium: Lithium-ion batteries. Zinc: Plating for steel parts.
- 15. -:References:- www.step-initiative.org www.greenpeace.org/.../electronics/...e-waste.../where-does-e- waste www.calrecycle.ca.gov/electronics/whatisewaste http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E_waste