Downloaded 126 times
Uploaded bySadia Rahat
Climate Change
The document discusses climate change, defining it as significant long-term changes in climate measures such as temperature and precipitation. It provides historical data showing an increase in global temperatures, extreme weather events, and rising sea levels, emphasizing the impacts on ecosystems and human communities. Additionally, it highlights the Kyoto Protocol's aim to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and presents statistics on carbon emissions from various countries.
More Related Content
Climate Change
- 1. Climate Change Created by:Sadia Rahat
- 3. Definitions USA EPA: Climate changerefers to any significant change in the measures of climate lasting for an extended period of time. In other words, climate change includes major changes in temperature, precipitation, or wind patterns, among other effects, that occur over several decades or longer.
- 4. NASA: Climate change isa change in Earth's overall climate. This could be a change in Earth's average temperature, for example, or it could be a change in Earth's typical precipitation patterns.
- 6. History 20 hottestyears in the last and present century occurred after 1980. 1998, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006 were the hottest years. The level of CO2 at present is highest in the last 6,50,000 years.
- 7. According toNational Climatic Data Centre in 2006, the temp of earth was 2.2°F higher than the average temperature of the 20th century. The summer season of 2003 was hottest in Europe in the last 500 years. The temperature shot up to 100.2°F (37.88°C) in England and 104°F (40°C) in France. This heat wave killed 35000 persons in Europe.
- 8. Since 1970the number of Hurricanes of 4 and 5 category have doubled compared to earlier period. The monsoons storm episodes between 1951 and 2000 increased considerably resulting in extensive landslides, devastating floods and serious damage to crops. More than 300 million peasants in Western China are now facing the possibility of receiving less water from disappearing glaciers.
- 9. Since thebeginning of nineteenth century half of total CO2 released due to natural and anthropogenic activities has dissolved in water. At present sea water stores 120 billion tons of CO2. Since industrial revolution the pH of seas has increased by 30%. This will lead to extinction of some species. The carbonate shelled organism will suffer due to higher pH. Sea level rose by 4 to 8 inches the last century.
- 10. In 1850Montana’s Glacier National Park had 150 glaciers now only 27 glaciers are left. If the present trend continues, by 2050 due to increasing temperature 35% on land plants and animals may disappear. Due to polar amplification the air temp in Arctic increased by 9oF (-12.77°C) (WWF). Local people in Arctic depend on Whale, Seal, Walrus and Polar Bear. But due to global warming their migratory patterns are changing threatening the native human communities.
- 11. If westernAntarctic ice melts the Sealed level will rise by 16 feet, due to which Washington D.C, London and Mumbai, much of Bangladesh and many other low lying coastal cities will go under water. If Greenland ice melts the sea level will rise by 23 feet effecting Florida.
- 12. Kyoto Protocol KYOTO PROTOCOL On 16th February 2005 KYOTO PROTOCOL came into force in most of the 169 countries of the world. It was decided that by 2010 GHG emissions would be reduced by 5.2% below 1990 level.
- 13. India, Chinaand Brazil were exempted. Though, It was a mistake since they are emitting huge quantities of GHG. Countries GHGs Reduction Target by 2008-10 European Union 8% Japan 6% USA 7%
- 14. Climate Change Measuring Tools: 1.Evaluation of the geologic record 2. Temperature Monitoring 3. Mathematical models
- 15. Interesting Facts 1. 80%of CO2 built up is due to Industrial countries. 2. Since 1950 U.S has emitted 50.7 billion tons of carbon. 3. China emitted 15.7 billion tons of carbon. 4. India emitted 4.2 billion tons of carbon. 5. Annually >60% CO2 is emitted by Industrial countries (where 20% of the world’s population lives).
- 16. 6. U.S with4% population) emits 20 times “C” per capita compared to India and 7 times higher than China & 12 times higher than Brazil. 7. Russia emits 17% CO2
- 17. 1. The tempof world’s oceans are approaching 27°C or higher which results in more H20 evaporation and formation of Hurricanes. 2. Permafrost thawing will increase global warming by emitting CH4 & CO2. 3. Massive extinction of species could result. 4. Science 2002, reported alarming increase in outbreaks of epidemics and diseases throughout the world (land & ocean) wildlife due to climate change.
- 18. 5. In AntarcticaLarsen Ice shelf lost 1200 sq miles section in early 2002. 6. Seven monitored ice shelves have lost 13500 km2 since 1974.
- 19. GHGs: 1. Water vapor(H. 2O) 2. Carbon dioxide (CO2) 3. Methane (CH4) 4. Nitrous oxide (N2O) 5. Ozone (O3) 6. Chloro-fluorocarbons (CFCs)
- 22. Indicators of ClimateChange
- 24.
- 45. Measures to ControlClimate Change
- 56. Measures to ControlClimate Change: Eco House Eco-Food Eco-Fuel Eco-Tourism Eco-Movement • Eco–Hazard • Eco-Energy • Eco-Responsibility • Eco-Activities
- 71.
Editor's Notes
- #5 NASA: National Aeronautics and Space Administration Updated: Sept. 16, 2015
- #18 Permafrost refers to a layer of soil or rock that is frozen all year round. As long as this organic matter remains frozen, it will stay in the permafrost. However, if it thaws, it will decay, releasing carbon dioxide or methane into the atmosphere.
- #20 El Niño Conditions: An irregularly occurring and complex series of climatic changes affecting the equatorial Pacific region and beyond every few years, characterized by the appearance of unusually warm, nutrient-poor water off northern Peru and Ecuador, typically in late December. The effects of El Niño include reversal of wind patterns across the Pacific, drought in Australasia, and unseasonal heavy rain in South America.