Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy exploits the magnetic properties of atomic nuclei to study molecules. When placed in a strong magnetic field, certain nuclei will absorb energy from a weaker, perpendicular magnetic field at characteristic frequencies. This frequency, known as the chemical shift, depends on the chemical environment of the nucleus and provides information about the structure of molecules. The chemical shift is influenced by electron density and magnetic fields induced by nearby atoms and functional groups, which can shield or deshield the nucleus from the applied magnetic field. Analysis of the chemical shifts of different nuclei in a molecule allows its structure to be determined.