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Ch 05 Slides
This document provides an overview of classical Greece from the Bronze Age to the Hellenistic period. It discusses the rise of the polis as the defining political unit and covers key events like the Persian Wars and Peloponnesian War. It also summarizes some of the major cultural achievements of classical Greece, highlighting philosophers like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle as well as advances in areas like drama, history, science, and architecture.
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Ch 05 Slides
- 1. CLASSICAL GREECE Ch 5
- 2. 1. How werethe Greek states organized during the Mycenaean period? 2. Why was the polis the most characteristic Greek institution? 3. What features distinguished archaic Greek society? 4. Why were the Greek able to defeat the Persians? 5. What were the causes of the Peloponnesian War? 6. What were the main cultural achievements of classical Greece?
- 3. Black Sea o nt H ellesp Ae Ion gea ian n Mediterranean
- 4. BRONZE AGE, PRIORTO 1150 BCE Minoans on Crete, 2000-1700 BCE Indo-European migrations, 2200 BCE Mycenaean civ, 1500-1100 BCE 1200 BCE, Trojan War chaos & invasion after 1100, BCE Dorians, 1150-750 BCE Myths
- 5. Polis (pl. poleis)originally referred to a citadel or fortified site. In the absence of centralized authority, the polis became an urban center monarchy aristocracy oligarchy tyrants
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- 7. SPARTA 1100-200 BCE, undefeatedfor 700 years conquered Laconian plain, subjugated neighbors as helots by 6th century, helots outnumbered Spartans Developed a militaristic culture to survive 480 BCE, Battle of Thermopylae
- 8. PERSIAN WARS 546 BCE,Persia invades Ionia (former Troy) 490 BCE, Battle of Marathon Athenians defeat Darius 480 BCE, Xerxes moves to invade Delian league formed Athens emerges as the most powerful polis
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- 11. ATHENS Class struggles 621 BCE,Draco’s Code 594 BCE, Solon’s reforms Direct democracy “citizenship”
- 12. Pericles strengthen Athenian democracy hold & strengthen the empire glorify Athens
- 13. GREEK ART Tragedy hubris leads to hamartia Sophicles’ Oedipus Rex Comedy History Herodotus & Thucydides
- 19. PELOPONNESIAN WAR 431 BCE,Sparta declares war on Athens Plague strikes Athens 421 BCE truce 415 BCE, Athens attacks Sicily 404 BCE, Athens surrenders
- 20. SOCRATES “Beware the barrennessof a busy life.” “I am the wisest man alive because I know one thing: I know nothing” “It is not living that matters, but living rightly” “The unexamined life is not worth living” Hemlock
- 21. PLATO “Death is notthe worst that can happen to men” “Only the dead have seen the end of war” “Necessity, who is the mother of invention”
- 22. ARISTOTLE “A friend isa second self ” “Poverty is the parent of revolution and crime” “The gods too are fond of a joke” “We make war that our children may live in peace” tutored Alexander
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- 24. Hecataeus’ world map,476 BCE
- 25. Philip II unites Greece,338 BCE Alexander III assumes crown at 20
- 26. Defeats Darius IIIthree times Conquers Persia, Egypt, India - combines with Greece ... fought for eleven years and marched 11,000 miles Hellenization
- 27. Map of Eratosthenes,276 BCE
- 29. “When Alexander sawthe breadth of his domain, he wept for there were no more worlds to conquer” - Plutarch, 46-120 CE
- 30. Library at Alexandria,Egypt Aristarchus, Ptolemy, and Eraosthenes - astronomy Euclid, Archimedes - geometry & physics Zeno & Epicurus - philosophy