The document describes the key organelles found in cells and their functions. It discusses the cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm, mitochondria, Golgi complex, ribosomes, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, rough endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, cell wall, chloroplasts, and central vacuole. Each organelle carries out specific activities important for cellular function, such as controlling passage of materials, storing genetic material, producing proteins and energy, packaging and transporting proteins, and providing structure. The document instructs students to learn and illustrate the organelles.

1. Cell Organelles
Biology
Neistadt

2. An organelle is a membrane-
bound structure that carries out
specific activities for the cell.

3. You will need to know the following organelles and their
function:
 Cell Membrane
 Nucleus
 Cytoplasm
 Mitochondria
 Golgi Complex
 Ribosomes
 Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
 Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
 Cell Wall
 Chloroplast
 Central Vacuole
 Lysosome

4. Cell Membrane
 Every cell is
enclosed by a cell
membrane. It
controls the passage
of materials in and
out of the cell.

5. The cell membrane is sometimes called the
plasma membrane.
A. True
B. False

6. Nucleus
 The control center of
the cell. It contains
the DNA code for
the cell coiled into
chromosomes.

7. The nucleus is often called the
powerhouse of the cell.
A. True
B. False

8. Cytoplasm
(not an organelle - but important)
 All organelles reside
(live and float
around in) the
cytoplasm.

9. Mitochondria
 This organelle
processes energy
for a cell. It makes
ATP.
 (ATP = energy)
 Involved in cellular
respiration.

10. Golgi Complex
 The protein
packaging and
transport center of
the cell.
 Has incoming and
outgoing vesicles.

11. Ribosomes
(not an organelle - but important)
 Synthesizes proteins.
 Present in the
cytoplasm.
 Present with Rough ER.
 No membrane present.

12. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
 Transports materials
throughout the cell.
 Digests lipids.
 Produces proteins.

13. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
 Covered with
ribosomes.
 Produces proteins.
 Transports materials
throughout the cell.

14. Lysosome
 Breaks down
materials for
digestion.
 Contains special
enzymes for
digestion in the cell.

15. Cell Wall
(Plant Cell Only)
 Rigid and strong
wall.
 Protects and
maintains the shape
of the cell.

16. Chloroplast
(Plant Cell Only)
 Contains chlorophyll.
 Makes plants green.
 Uses light energy to
make ATP & sugars.
 Photosynthesis
takes place here.

17. Central Vacuole
(Plant Cell Only)
 Most plant cells
have one large one.
 Filled w/ fluid.
 Helps maintains
turgor pressure and
shape of cell.

18. Your Turn:
 Draw an animal
and plant cell.
 Label the cell
parts.
 Pg 193

19. Your Turn…
 On your paper write the name of the organelle and
decorate it in a way that helps you remember what it
does:
 Nucleus
 Endoplasmic Reticulum (smooth and rough)
 Golgi Complex
 Chloroplasts
 Cell Wall
 Mitochondria
 Cytoplasm
 Ribosomes
 Lysosomes
 Central vacuole