The document provides an overview of key cell organelles and their functions, including the cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm, mitochondria, Golgi complex, ribosomes, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, rough endoplasmic reticulum, lysosome, cell wall, chloroplast, and central vacuole. It explains that organelles are membrane-bound structures that carry out specific activities for the cell and defines the basic roles of each organelle such as the nucleus housing DNA, mitochondria generating energy, and the Golgi complex packaging and transporting proteins.

1. Cell Organelles What you need to know

2. An organelle is a membrane-bound structure that carries out specific activities for the cell.

3. You will need to know the following organelles and their function: Cell Membrane Nucleus Cytoplasm Mitochondria Golgi Complex Ribosomes Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Cell Wall Chloroplast Central Vacuole Lysosome

4. Cell Membrane Every cell is enclosed by a cell membrane. It controls the passage of materials in and out of the cell.

5. Nucleus The control center of the cell that contains DNA (chromosomes) and the nucleolus.

6. Cytoplasm (not an organelle - but important) All organelles reside (live and float around in) the cytoplasm.

7. Mitochondria This organelle processes energy for a cell. It makes ATP. (ATP = energy) Involved in cellular respiration.

8. Golgi Complex The protein packaging and transport center of the cell. Has incoming and outgoing vesicles.

9. Ribosomes Synthesizes proteins. Present in the cytoplasm. Present with Rough ER. No membrane present.

10. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Transports materials throughout the cell. Produces lipids and hormones

11. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Covered with ribosomes. Produces proteins. Transports materials throughout the cell.

12. Lysosome Breaks down materials for digestion. Contains special enzymes for digestion in the cell.

13. Cell Wall (Plant Cell Only) Rigid and strong wall. Protects and maintains the shape of the cell.

14. Chloroplast (Plant Cell Only) Contains chlorophyll. Makes plants green. Uses light energy to make ATP & sugars. Photosynthesis takes place here.

15. Central Vacuole (Plant Cells) Most plant cells have one large one. Filled w/ fluid. Helps maintains turgor pressure and shape of cell.