OBJECTIVES:
At the endof the lesson, the students can;
a.explain the major parts of the cell,
b.describe the structures and functions of
subcellular organelles,
c.Label the parts of cell organelles.
3.
3 major partsof the cell
1. cell membrane- outermost part of the cell, has the role of
protecting the cell and its content.
2. cytoplasm-area of the cell where the organelles are located.
It is the middle layer where most of the activities of the cell
takes place.
3. nucleus- serve as the brain of the cell and directs all of the
cell’s activities.
3 major typesof organelles
1.Endomembrane system
2.Mitochondria
3.chloroplast
6.
Endomembrane system- ismade up of
organelles that move materials across the
membrane, such as the endoplasmic
reticulum, ribosomes, lysosomes,
peroxisomes, centrosomes, and golgi
apparatus, vacoules.
7.
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Ithas a critical duty of transporting molecules across the cytoplasm and is also
capable of assembling new lipids for export to other membranes.
2 types of Endoplasmic Reticulum
1. rough or granular ER- synthesizing and modifying of proteins. It is rough
because of the ribosomes attached to it.
2. smooth or agranular ER-it incorporates proteins into the cisternae and
transports, synthesized proteins across the cytoplasm. It is smooth because it
has no ribosome attached to it.
Ribosomes
Involved in providinga frame for protein
synthesis; hence, they are sites of
protein production
It is present in both prokaryotic and
eukaryotic cells.
Vacoules
It is afluid-filled vesicle enclosed by a
membrane. This organelle has a
selective membrane freely allowing
water passage but retaining smaller
molecules within it, and stores
chemicals with in the cell.
Lysosomes
It serveas digestion slots for cellular materials that are
due for expiration or no longer useful.
Peroxisomes –are similar in morphology to lysosome. They
are assembled from proteins and synthesized on free
ribosomes.
14.
Golgi Apparatus
Functioning asthe manufacturer and the shipping
center of the cell, the golgi apparatus modifies,
sorts, and packages the macromolecules
synthesized by the cell.
Centrosome
This canfound in all eukaryotic cells,assist in arranging
microtubules(hollow tubes of proteins) to be utilized during cell
division.
Mitochondria – the power house of the cell, where its role is to
produce energy through cellular respiration.
Chloroplast- only found in plant cell and in photosynthetic
protist. It is serves as the site of energy conversion in plant cell.
