binary decrementer.pdf
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A 4 bit binary decrementer consists of 4 full adders connected in series. It subtracts 1 from the binary value stored in a 4 bit register by adding 1111 in binary. Representing -1 in 2's complement is 1111. So by adding 1111, the decrementer decreases the register value by 1 following the concept of 2's complement arithmetic.
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This document discusses parallel adders and magnitude comparators. It describes how a parallel adder can be constructed using multiple full adder circuits connected in parallel to add binary numbers with more than one bit. It also provides logic diagrams and Verilog code examples for 4-bit parallel adders. The document further discusses carry look-ahead adders which can reduce the carry propagation delay time compared to ripple carry adders. Finally, it describes how a magnitude comparator works by comparing two binary numbers and determining if one is equal, less than, or greater than the other.
Hemanth143
The document discusses various logical and arithmetic operations in 8051 assembly language. It describes different types of instructions including data transfer, program branching, logical and arithmetic. Logical instructions include byte-level and bit-level logical operations like AND, OR, XOR. Arithmetic instructions cover operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. Examples are provided to illustrate how these instructions work and how they affect the flag register.
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The document discusses various number systems including decimal, binary, hexadecimal and their conversions. It explains binary addition and subtraction using 2's complement. Binary coded decimal and gray codes are also covered. The last part discusses ASCII codes for alphanumeric representation. Key points discussed are:
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combinational_circuits
Combinational circuits are digital logic circuits whose outputs depend only on the current inputs. They have no internal stored state and include gates, encoders, decoders, multiplexers, and demultiplexers. The document describes several types of basic combinational circuits including half adders, full adders, parallel adders, subtractors, multiplexers, demultiplexers, decoders, and encoders. Their functions, block diagrams, truth tables, and circuit diagrams are provided as examples.
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binary decrementer.pdf
- 1. 4 Bit Binary Decrementer What is 4 Bit Binary Decrementer ? It subtracts 1 binary value from the existing binary value stored in the register or in other words we can simply say that it decreases the existing value stored in the register by 1. For any n- bit binary decrementer, ‘n’ refers to the storage capacity of the register which needs to be decremented by 1. So we require ‘n’ number of full adders. Thus, in case of 4 bit binary decrementer we require 4 full adders. Working: It consists of 4 full adders, connected one after the other. Each full adder has 3 inputs (carry input, 1, A) and 2 outputs (carry output and S) A full adder basic consist of 2 half adders and an OR gate. The carry(C) from previous full adder is propagated to the next full adder. So carry output from one full adder becomes one of the three input of the next full adder. It follows the concept of 2’s complement, so we take 1 as input in all 4 full adder as seen from the above diagram. So we add 1111 in order to subtract 1.
- 2. Reason for adding 1111: This is because our main motive is to subtract 1 which in 4 bit representation is 0001 Representing it in 1’s complement will give: 1110 Representing it in 2’s complement (adding 1 to 1’s complement) will give: 1111 This is the reason why input 1111 is given to get a decremented output in 4 bit binary decrementer.