renewable energy source technology

1. PRESENTED BY:
SHIVANGNI SHARMA
EE32
1005420105

2. CONTENTS
 Introduction
 Structure
 Construction
 Reactions
 Working
 How to generate Electricity?
 Advantages
 Disadvantages
 Research is undergoing…
 Conclusion
 Reference

3. INTRODUCTION
“ Artificial leaf “ is Like living leaves, this
device can turn the energy of sunlight directly
into a chemical fuel that can be stored and
used later as an energy source.

4. STRUCTURE

5. CONSTRUCTION
1.Si semiconductor-Act as light harvesting catalyst . It capture
solar light.
2.Co-OEC-> cobalt-oxygen evolving complex , It deposits oxygen at
anode side(on illuminated side of cell).
3.NiMoZn-Produces H₂ from combining H⁺ & e⁻ made available
from semiconductor at cathode side.
4.ITO(Indium tin oxide) layer-A conducting metal oxide layer to
stabilize silicon in water.
5.Stainless steel-Used for support . Si is deposited on it.

6. REACTIONS
Anode(Oxidation):
2H₂O → 4H⁺ + 4e⁻ + O₂
Cathode(Reduction):
4H⁺ + 4e⁻ →2H₂
Overall reaction:
2H₂O →2H₂+ O₂

7. WORKING
When artificial leaf placed in a container of
water and exposed to sunlight it quickly
begins to generate streams of bubbles: oxygen
bubbles from one side and hydrogen bubbles
from the other, the two streams of bubbles
can be collected and stored and used later to
deliver power. The device is made entirely of
earth-abundant , inexpensive materials mostly
silicon, cobalt and nickel and works in ordinary
water.

9. HOW TO GENERATE ELECTRICITY?
Oxidation
At the anode of the cell, a
proton passing membrane used
to separate the proton from the
electron in the hydrogen fuel.
Anode half-reaction:
2H2  4H+ + 4e-
Reduction
At the cathode of the cell, a
second catalyst (nickel) is used
to recombine the protons,
electrons, and oxygen atoms
to form water.
Cathode half- reaction:
4H+ + O2 + 4e-  2H2O

10. ADVANTAGES
It can store energy in the
chemical form that is the
great advantage of this
device over the solar
panels which we use
now a day.
Inexpensive.
By products are eco
friendly.

11. DISADVANTAGES
Materials often corrode in water , when
placed over long period of time.
Overall cost is not yet advantageous enough
to compete with fossil fuels.

12. RESEARCH IS UNDERGOING
To increase the efficiency of this device To explore the
use of photovoltaic (solar cell) materials other than
silicon such as iron oxide which might be even
cheaper to produce.

13. IN INDIA……
• Tata’s dream come true:
Tata’s dream come true Ratan Tata has earlier
expressed his desire to build a car that runs on water.
He has already invested $15 million for supporting
research in the field. The product is slated to hit the
market after 18 months

14. CONCLUSION
• Our goal is to make each
home its own power
station. One can envision
villages in India and
Africa not long from now
purchasing an affordable
basic power system
based on this technology

15. REFERENCES
• Discovery news.
• D. Owen.“The Artificial Leaf.”The New
Yorker.(http://www.newyorker.com/reporting)
• DR. Daniel Nocera a researcher at the
(MIT)Massachusetts Institute of Technology who
heads the research

16. THANKS……