Basics of Engineering Drawing & first angle projectionjeevanprasad8
Engineering drawing first angle projection and third angle projection are being covered. how to represent a drawing on a drawing sheet has covered. How to read multi views has been covered.difference between isometric projection and orthographic projection has been covered. conversion of isometric projection to orthographic projecion and from orthographic projection to isometric projection has been covered.The classification of Engineering Drawings include: Building drawing, Machine drawing, Electrical drawing etc.
Dimensions are indicated on the drawing to define geometric characteristics such as lengths, diameters, radii, angles and locations.A projection is defined as a representation of an object on a two dimensional plane. There are basically three types of projections.
Orthographic projection
Isometric projection
Perspective projectionAll engineering drawings are prepared to some scale. The scale adopted should be the largest possible one.
Full size scale,
Reducing scale and
Enlarging scale.
Full size scale 1:1, Reducing scale 1:2, Enlarging scale 50:1A projection is said to be orthographic, when the point of sight is imagined to be located at infinity, so that the rays of sight are parallel to each other and intersect the plane of projection at right angles to it.Orthographic projection technique can produce either
1. Multiview drawing
that each view show an object in two dimensions.
2. Axonometric drawing
that show all three dimensions of an object in one view.
Orthographic projection technique can produce either
1. Multiview drawing
that each view show an object in two dimensions.
2. Axonometric drawing
that show all three dimensions of an object in one view.
This document provides a syllabus for the course GE2221 - Engineering Graphics. It covers key topics like introduction to engineering graphics, drawing standards, drawing instruments, lettering, line types, dimensioning, projection methods, and introduction to different units. The course aims to teach students how to communicate technical information through visualization, graphics theory, standards, conventions, tools and applications of technical drawings. Students will learn projection of points, lines, plane surfaces, solids and their sections, development of surfaces, isometric and perspective projections.
This document provides an overview of engineering drawing concepts and introduces the AutoCAD software. It describes the objectives, equipment, and types of lines used in engineering drawings. It also explains different drawing scales, dimensioning techniques, projection methods including orthographic and isometric projections. The document introduces key AutoCAD interface elements and provides step-by-step instructions for common drawing, editing, and plotting commands in AutoCAD.
This document provides an overview of engineering drawing concepts and introduces the AutoCAD software. It describes the objectives, equipment, and types of lines used in engineering drawings. It also explains different drawing scales, dimensioning techniques, projection methods including orthographic and isometric projections. The document introduces key AutoCAD interface elements and demonstrates how to create basic shapes and perform common editing commands. It provides step-by-step instructions for printing or plotting completed drawings.
Introduction to Engineering and Profession Ethics Lecture5-Engineering Drawin...Dr. Khaled Bakro
Engineering drawings are a graphical language used to communicate technical design information between engineers. There are different projection methods for engineering drawings, including orthographic projection and axonometric projection. Orthographic projection uses parallel lines of sight to produce multi-view drawings of an object from different angles, accurately showing dimensions and shape. Axonometric projection shows a 3D object from a skewed angle in a single view, making shape and size relationships easier to visualize but introducing distortions. Engineering drawings must follow specific standards and conventions to precisely convey all necessary details about an object's specifications and features.
Engineering drawings are a graphical language used to communicate technical design information between engineers. There are different projection methods for engineering drawings, including orthographic projection and axonometric projection. Orthographic projection uses parallel lines of sight to produce accurate multi-view drawings that show the true shape and size of an object through multiple two-dimensional views. Axonometric projection shows an object's three dimensions in a single view, making it easier to understand but introducing distortions from the true shape and size. Understanding engineering graphics and different projection methods is essential for effective technical communication.
Engineering drawings are technical drawings used to define requirements for engineered items. They contain various views, dimensions, and details. There are different types of engineering drawings for different fields like machine drawings, structural drawings, and electrical drawings. Engineering drawings are based on geometric drawings and are important for communicating design ideas, analyzing designs, stimulating further design, and supporting manufacturing. They contain various elements like lines, scales, dimensions, projections, and symbols to convey important information about an engineering design.
This document provides information about engineering graphics including drawing instruments, lines, scales, title blocks and sheets. It discusses the various drawing instruments used like the drawing board, mini-drafter, set squares, templates, scales and pencils. It explains the different types of lines used in engineering drawings like visible outlines, dimension lines, extension lines, construction lines, hatching lines, guide lines and hidden lines. It also provides details about scales, title blocks and standard drawing sheet sizes used for engineering drawings.
Basics of Engineering Drawing & first angle projectionjeevanprasad8
Engineering drawing first angle projection and third angle projection are being covered. how to represent a drawing on a drawing sheet has covered. How to read multi views has been covered.difference between isometric projection and orthographic projection has been covered. conversion of isometric projection to orthographic projecion and from orthographic projection to isometric projection has been covered.The classification of Engineering Drawings include: Building drawing, Machine drawing, Electrical drawing etc.
Dimensions are indicated on the drawing to define geometric characteristics such as lengths, diameters, radii, angles and locations.A projection is defined as a representation of an object on a two dimensional plane. There are basically three types of projections.
Orthographic projection
Isometric projection
Perspective projectionAll engineering drawings are prepared to some scale. The scale adopted should be the largest possible one.
Full size scale,
Reducing scale and
Enlarging scale.
Full size scale 1:1, Reducing scale 1:2, Enlarging scale 50:1A projection is said to be orthographic, when the point of sight is imagined to be located at infinity, so that the rays of sight are parallel to each other and intersect the plane of projection at right angles to it.Orthographic projection technique can produce either
1. Multiview drawing
that each view show an object in two dimensions.
2. Axonometric drawing
that show all three dimensions of an object in one view.
Orthographic projection technique can produce either
1. Multiview drawing
that each view show an object in two dimensions.
2. Axonometric drawing
that show all three dimensions of an object in one view.
This document provides a syllabus for the course GE2221 - Engineering Graphics. It covers key topics like introduction to engineering graphics, drawing standards, drawing instruments, lettering, line types, dimensioning, projection methods, and introduction to different units. The course aims to teach students how to communicate technical information through visualization, graphics theory, standards, conventions, tools and applications of technical drawings. Students will learn projection of points, lines, plane surfaces, solids and their sections, development of surfaces, isometric and perspective projections.
This document provides an overview of engineering drawing concepts and introduces the AutoCAD software. It describes the objectives, equipment, and types of lines used in engineering drawings. It also explains different drawing scales, dimensioning techniques, projection methods including orthographic and isometric projections. The document introduces key AutoCAD interface elements and provides step-by-step instructions for common drawing, editing, and plotting commands in AutoCAD.
This document provides an overview of engineering drawing concepts and introduces the AutoCAD software. It describes the objectives, equipment, and types of lines used in engineering drawings. It also explains different drawing scales, dimensioning techniques, projection methods including orthographic and isometric projections. The document introduces key AutoCAD interface elements and demonstrates how to create basic shapes and perform common editing commands. It provides step-by-step instructions for printing or plotting completed drawings.
Introduction to Engineering and Profession Ethics Lecture5-Engineering Drawin...Dr. Khaled Bakro
Engineering drawings are a graphical language used to communicate technical design information between engineers. There are different projection methods for engineering drawings, including orthographic projection and axonometric projection. Orthographic projection uses parallel lines of sight to produce multi-view drawings of an object from different angles, accurately showing dimensions and shape. Axonometric projection shows a 3D object from a skewed angle in a single view, making shape and size relationships easier to visualize but introducing distortions. Engineering drawings must follow specific standards and conventions to precisely convey all necessary details about an object's specifications and features.
Engineering drawings are a graphical language used to communicate technical design information between engineers. There are different projection methods for engineering drawings, including orthographic projection and axonometric projection. Orthographic projection uses parallel lines of sight to produce accurate multi-view drawings that show the true shape and size of an object through multiple two-dimensional views. Axonometric projection shows an object's three dimensions in a single view, making it easier to understand but introducing distortions from the true shape and size. Understanding engineering graphics and different projection methods is essential for effective technical communication.
Engineering drawings are technical drawings used to define requirements for engineered items. They contain various views, dimensions, and details. There are different types of engineering drawings for different fields like machine drawings, structural drawings, and electrical drawings. Engineering drawings are based on geometric drawings and are important for communicating design ideas, analyzing designs, stimulating further design, and supporting manufacturing. They contain various elements like lines, scales, dimensions, projections, and symbols to convey important information about an engineering design.
This document provides information about engineering graphics including drawing instruments, lines, scales, title blocks and sheets. It discusses the various drawing instruments used like the drawing board, mini-drafter, set squares, templates, scales and pencils. It explains the different types of lines used in engineering drawings like visible outlines, dimension lines, extension lines, construction lines, hatching lines, guide lines and hidden lines. It also provides details about scales, title blocks and standard drawing sheet sizes used for engineering drawings.
Lecture_Introduction to Technical Drawing (5th April).pptAsadKhokhar14
This document provides information about the Technical Drawing and Graphics course for the Spring 2023 semester in the Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology. It includes the course timetable, policies, rules, weightage of marks, course description and objectives. The importance of technical drawing and CAD is discussed. Basic concepts of engineering drawing such as geometry, dimensions, tolerances and layout of drawing sheets are also explained. Common drawing symbols are shown.
Engineering drawings are technical drawings used to define requirements for engineered items. There are different types of engineering drawings for different fields like machine drawings, structural drawings, and electrical drawings. Engineering drawings are based on geometric drawings and use various standardized elements like lines, scales, dimensions, projections, and symbols to convey design specifications. The drawings allow designers and manufacturers to communicate ideas and requirements for constructing or manufacturing physical components and systems.
This document provides an introduction to engineering drawings. It discusses that engineering drawings are technical drawings used to define requirements for engineered items across various fields, including machines, structures, electronics, and aeronautics. The document outlines different types of lines used in engineering drawings to represent various meanings. It also discusses scales, dimensions, projections including orthographic and perspective, and symbols and icons used in engineering drawings.
The document provides an overview of an engineering drawing lecture that covers geometric constructions. It discusses the basic geometric primitives of points, lines, and curves. It explains how to construct lines, arcs, and curves that are tangent to other lines and curves. It also describes how to divide a line into equal parts, construct regular polygons of a given side length, inscribe a circle inside a polygon or inscribe a polygon inside a circle. The lecture aims to teach students how to construct basic geometric shapes that serve as building blocks for more complex shapes.
This document provides information about the Engineering Graphics course offered at Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology. The course objectives are to develop drawing skills for communicating engineering designs and concepts, visualize and read technical drawings, understand sectioning and development of surfaces, and learn about projections. The end semester exam will have two parts worth 100 marks total - multiple choice questions worth 20 marks and questions from each unit worth 16 marks with internal choices. Key topics covered in the 5 units include plane curves, projection of points and lines, projection of solids, sectioning of solids and development of surfaces, and isometric projection and freehand sketching.
Structural engineering drawings show details of buildings and structures, applying math and science concepts to design stability and sustainability. They communicate designs between teams and archive geometric forms. Engineering drawings are technical and precise, using standardized elements like lines, scales, dimensions, projections, and hatches. They exist in 2D styles like plans, sections and elevations, and 3D styles like orthographic projections and pictorials.
Structural engineering drawings show details of buildings and structures, applying math and science concepts to design stability and sustainability. They communicate designs between teams and archive geometric forms. Engineering drawings are technical and precise, using elements like lines, scales, dimensions, projections, and hatching. They exist in 2D types like plans, sections and elevations, and 3D types like orthographic projections and pictorial drawings.
Structural engineering drawings show details of buildings and structures, applying math and science concepts to design stability and sustainability. They communicate designs between teams and archive geometric forms. Engineering drawings are technical and precise, using standardized elements like lines, scales, dimensions, projections, and hatches. They exist in 2D types like plans, sections and elevations, and 3D types like orthographic projections and pictorial drawings.
An engineering drawing clearly defines and communicates a design to interested parties through technical drawings rather than artistic depictions. It uses lines and geometric constructions to represent objects through projection methods in plan, elevation, and section views. Key elements of engineering drawings include types of lines, lettering, dimensioning, and projection systems like first-angle or third-angle orthographic projections. Precise graphics and annotations allow engineering drawings to effectively convey all necessary details of engineered components and assemblies.
Orthographic projections provide 2D views of an object that together accurately represent it. Common views are the front, top, and side. Objects are imagined inside a glass box and each view is a projection of one side unfolded. Dimensions are drawn with thin continuous lines and specify measurements to manufacture the object. Drawings also include title blocks with identifying information like the title, author, date, and scale.
Orthographic projections provide 2D views of an object that together accurately represent it. Common views are the front, top, and side. Objects are imagined inside a glass box and each face is projected onto a plane. Dimensions are drawn with thin continuous lines and indicate sizes. Drawings include title blocks with title, author, date, scale, and other information.
Engineering Graphics course material R 17 vk-ssmDr. Kandavel V
This document provides information about a course on Engineering Graphics taught at SSM Institute of Engineering and Technology. It includes the course objectives, outline, units of study, outcomes and references. The key points are:
1. The course aims to develop graphic skills for communication and design. It covers topics like plane curves, projections, solids, developments and isometric/perspective views.
2. The course has 5 units spanning concepts, curves, projections of points/lines/surfaces, solids and their sections, and isometric/perspective projections.
3. On completion, students will be able to sketch, project orthographically, draw solids and their developments, and visualize isometric and perspective views of objects
The document provides an introduction to engineering graphics and drawing standards. It discusses topics such as drawing sheets, scales, lettering, line types, geometric constructions, orthographic projections, and isometric projections. The document also outlines the syllabus, teaching scheme, and examination scheme for an Engineering Graphics course, including 6 units covering various graphics concepts and techniques. Standard textbooks and references for the course are also listed.
Computer aided drawing (CAD) provides advantages over manual drawing such as increased speed, accuracy, and ability to electronically share drawings. However, CAD requires retraining staff and removes individual drawing styles. Some companies may retain manual techniques due to equipment and training costs.
Architectural design companies use CAD "layering" to separate drawings into distinct layers like foundations, floor plans, wiring, and plumbing. This allows separating drawings for different users and customizing views.
Standard drawing conventions like British Standards improve understanding between parties and ease information sharing. Dimensional tolerances specify acceptable component fits and enable manufacturing of interchangeable parts.
The document discusses the objectives, outcomes, syllabus, and references for the Engineering Graphics course 20MEGO1. The objectives are to impart knowledge of engineering drawings and enable communication through graphical representations. The outcomes include the ability to interpret and construct geometric entities, orthographic projections, and develop surfaces of solids. The syllabus covers topics like curve constructions, orthographic projections, sectioning of solids, isometric and perspective projections. References provided are engineering drawing textbooks.
The document provides information on the 20MEGO1 - Engineering Graphics course offered at Sri Ramakrishna Institute of Technology, Coimbatore. The objectives of the course are to impart knowledge on interpreting engineering drawings and communicating concepts through graphical representations per engineering standards. The course outcomes include the ability to interpret and construct geometric entities, orthographic projections, and develop various projections of solids, sections, and surfaces. The syllabus is divided into 5 modules covering topics like curve constructions, orthographic projections, projections of points lines and planes, projections of solids, sections and developments of surfaces, and isometric and perspective projections. References for the course are also provided.
CATIA PPT (1) cad modelling of catia software0p920vvkwl
"Embark on a digital journey through precision engineering with our CATIA-powered PowerPoint presentation. Explore the sleek interface and intuitive tools of CATIA software as we delve into the realm of 3D design, modeling, and simulation. Witness the seamless integration of advanced features that streamline product development and enhance collaboration across teams. From concept to production, this presentation is your gateway to mastering the art of innovation with CATIA."
This presentation discusses structural design. Structural design applies math and science concepts to design structures for stability and sustainability. The structural design process involves several steps: 1) The architect designs the building layout. 2) The structural engineer designs the structure to fit the architecture and chooses structural systems. 3) A general layout is developed considering loads, material selection, and cost. 4) Loads are calculated and stress analysis is performed. 5) Structural elements are selected. 6) Drawings and specifications are created. 7) Approvals are obtained before proceeding to construction. Structural drawings use different scales and show dimensions, lines, and projections to convey design details.
Impartiality as per ISO /IEC 17025:2017 StandardMuhammadJazib15
This document provides basic guidelines for imparitallity requirement of ISO 17025. It defines in detial how it is met and wiudhwdih jdhsjdhwudjwkdbjwkdddddddddddkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwioiiiiiiiiiiiii uwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwhe wiqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqq gbbbbbbbbbbbbb owdjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjj widhi owqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqq uwdhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhwqiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiw0pooooojjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjj whhhhhhhhhhh wheeeeeeee wihieiiiiii wihe
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Lecture_Introduction to Technical Drawing (5th April).pptAsadKhokhar14
This document provides information about the Technical Drawing and Graphics course for the Spring 2023 semester in the Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology. It includes the course timetable, policies, rules, weightage of marks, course description and objectives. The importance of technical drawing and CAD is discussed. Basic concepts of engineering drawing such as geometry, dimensions, tolerances and layout of drawing sheets are also explained. Common drawing symbols are shown.
Engineering drawings are technical drawings used to define requirements for engineered items. There are different types of engineering drawings for different fields like machine drawings, structural drawings, and electrical drawings. Engineering drawings are based on geometric drawings and use various standardized elements like lines, scales, dimensions, projections, and symbols to convey design specifications. The drawings allow designers and manufacturers to communicate ideas and requirements for constructing or manufacturing physical components and systems.
This document provides an introduction to engineering drawings. It discusses that engineering drawings are technical drawings used to define requirements for engineered items across various fields, including machines, structures, electronics, and aeronautics. The document outlines different types of lines used in engineering drawings to represent various meanings. It also discusses scales, dimensions, projections including orthographic and perspective, and symbols and icons used in engineering drawings.
The document provides an overview of an engineering drawing lecture that covers geometric constructions. It discusses the basic geometric primitives of points, lines, and curves. It explains how to construct lines, arcs, and curves that are tangent to other lines and curves. It also describes how to divide a line into equal parts, construct regular polygons of a given side length, inscribe a circle inside a polygon or inscribe a polygon inside a circle. The lecture aims to teach students how to construct basic geometric shapes that serve as building blocks for more complex shapes.
This document provides information about the Engineering Graphics course offered at Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology. The course objectives are to develop drawing skills for communicating engineering designs and concepts, visualize and read technical drawings, understand sectioning and development of surfaces, and learn about projections. The end semester exam will have two parts worth 100 marks total - multiple choice questions worth 20 marks and questions from each unit worth 16 marks with internal choices. Key topics covered in the 5 units include plane curves, projection of points and lines, projection of solids, sectioning of solids and development of surfaces, and isometric projection and freehand sketching.
Structural engineering drawings show details of buildings and structures, applying math and science concepts to design stability and sustainability. They communicate designs between teams and archive geometric forms. Engineering drawings are technical and precise, using standardized elements like lines, scales, dimensions, projections, and hatches. They exist in 2D styles like plans, sections and elevations, and 3D styles like orthographic projections and pictorials.
Structural engineering drawings show details of buildings and structures, applying math and science concepts to design stability and sustainability. They communicate designs between teams and archive geometric forms. Engineering drawings are technical and precise, using elements like lines, scales, dimensions, projections, and hatching. They exist in 2D types like plans, sections and elevations, and 3D types like orthographic projections and pictorial drawings.
Structural engineering drawings show details of buildings and structures, applying math and science concepts to design stability and sustainability. They communicate designs between teams and archive geometric forms. Engineering drawings are technical and precise, using standardized elements like lines, scales, dimensions, projections, and hatches. They exist in 2D types like plans, sections and elevations, and 3D types like orthographic projections and pictorial drawings.
An engineering drawing clearly defines and communicates a design to interested parties through technical drawings rather than artistic depictions. It uses lines and geometric constructions to represent objects through projection methods in plan, elevation, and section views. Key elements of engineering drawings include types of lines, lettering, dimensioning, and projection systems like first-angle or third-angle orthographic projections. Precise graphics and annotations allow engineering drawings to effectively convey all necessary details of engineered components and assemblies.
Orthographic projections provide 2D views of an object that together accurately represent it. Common views are the front, top, and side. Objects are imagined inside a glass box and each view is a projection of one side unfolded. Dimensions are drawn with thin continuous lines and specify measurements to manufacture the object. Drawings also include title blocks with identifying information like the title, author, date, and scale.
Orthographic projections provide 2D views of an object that together accurately represent it. Common views are the front, top, and side. Objects are imagined inside a glass box and each face is projected onto a plane. Dimensions are drawn with thin continuous lines and indicate sizes. Drawings include title blocks with title, author, date, scale, and other information.
Engineering Graphics course material R 17 vk-ssmDr. Kandavel V
This document provides information about a course on Engineering Graphics taught at SSM Institute of Engineering and Technology. It includes the course objectives, outline, units of study, outcomes and references. The key points are:
1. The course aims to develop graphic skills for communication and design. It covers topics like plane curves, projections, solids, developments and isometric/perspective views.
2. The course has 5 units spanning concepts, curves, projections of points/lines/surfaces, solids and their sections, and isometric/perspective projections.
3. On completion, students will be able to sketch, project orthographically, draw solids and their developments, and visualize isometric and perspective views of objects
The document provides an introduction to engineering graphics and drawing standards. It discusses topics such as drawing sheets, scales, lettering, line types, geometric constructions, orthographic projections, and isometric projections. The document also outlines the syllabus, teaching scheme, and examination scheme for an Engineering Graphics course, including 6 units covering various graphics concepts and techniques. Standard textbooks and references for the course are also listed.
Computer aided drawing (CAD) provides advantages over manual drawing such as increased speed, accuracy, and ability to electronically share drawings. However, CAD requires retraining staff and removes individual drawing styles. Some companies may retain manual techniques due to equipment and training costs.
Architectural design companies use CAD "layering" to separate drawings into distinct layers like foundations, floor plans, wiring, and plumbing. This allows separating drawings for different users and customizing views.
Standard drawing conventions like British Standards improve understanding between parties and ease information sharing. Dimensional tolerances specify acceptable component fits and enable manufacturing of interchangeable parts.
The document discusses the objectives, outcomes, syllabus, and references for the Engineering Graphics course 20MEGO1. The objectives are to impart knowledge of engineering drawings and enable communication through graphical representations. The outcomes include the ability to interpret and construct geometric entities, orthographic projections, and develop surfaces of solids. The syllabus covers topics like curve constructions, orthographic projections, sectioning of solids, isometric and perspective projections. References provided are engineering drawing textbooks.
The document provides information on the 20MEGO1 - Engineering Graphics course offered at Sri Ramakrishna Institute of Technology, Coimbatore. The objectives of the course are to impart knowledge on interpreting engineering drawings and communicating concepts through graphical representations per engineering standards. The course outcomes include the ability to interpret and construct geometric entities, orthographic projections, and develop various projections of solids, sections, and surfaces. The syllabus is divided into 5 modules covering topics like curve constructions, orthographic projections, projections of points lines and planes, projections of solids, sections and developments of surfaces, and isometric and perspective projections. References for the course are also provided.
CATIA PPT (1) cad modelling of catia software0p920vvkwl
"Embark on a digital journey through precision engineering with our CATIA-powered PowerPoint presentation. Explore the sleek interface and intuitive tools of CATIA software as we delve into the realm of 3D design, modeling, and simulation. Witness the seamless integration of advanced features that streamline product development and enhance collaboration across teams. From concept to production, this presentation is your gateway to mastering the art of innovation with CATIA."
This presentation discusses structural design. Structural design applies math and science concepts to design structures for stability and sustainability. The structural design process involves several steps: 1) The architect designs the building layout. 2) The structural engineer designs the structure to fit the architecture and chooses structural systems. 3) A general layout is developed considering loads, material selection, and cost. 4) Loads are calculated and stress analysis is performed. 5) Structural elements are selected. 6) Drawings and specifications are created. 7) Approvals are obtained before proceeding to construction. Structural drawings use different scales and show dimensions, lines, and projections to convey design details.
Similar to fundamentals of drawing and isometric and orthographic projection (20)
Impartiality as per ISO /IEC 17025:2017 StandardMuhammadJazib15
This document provides basic guidelines for imparitallity requirement of ISO 17025. It defines in detial how it is met and wiudhwdih jdhsjdhwudjwkdbjwkdddddddddddkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwioiiiiiiiiiiiii uwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwhe wiqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqq gbbbbbbbbbbbbb owdjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjj widhi owqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqq uwdhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhwqiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiw0pooooojjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjj whhhhhhhhhhh wheeeeeeee wihieiiiiii wihe
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Generative AI Use cases applications solutions and implementation.pdfmahaffeycheryld
Generative AI solutions encompass a range of capabilities from content creation to complex problem-solving across industries. Implementing generative AI involves identifying specific business needs, developing tailored AI models using techniques like GANs and VAEs, and integrating these models into existing workflows. Data quality and continuous model refinement are crucial for effective implementation. Businesses must also consider ethical implications and ensure transparency in AI decision-making. Generative AI's implementation aims to enhance efficiency, creativity, and innovation by leveraging autonomous generation and sophisticated learning algorithms to meet diverse business challenges.
https://www.leewayhertz.com/generative-ai-use-cases-and-applications/
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODELijaia
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
Null Bangalore | Pentesters Approach to AWS IAMDivyanshu
#Abstract:
- Learn more about the real-world methods for auditing AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management) as a pentester. So let us proceed with a brief discussion of IAM as well as some typical misconfigurations and their potential exploits in order to reinforce the understanding of IAM security best practices.
- Gain actionable insights into AWS IAM policies and roles, using hands on approach.
#Prerequisites:
- Basic understanding of AWS services and architecture
- Familiarity with cloud security concepts
- Experience using the AWS Management Console or AWS CLI.
- For hands on lab create account on [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
# Scenario Covered:
- Basics of IAM in AWS
- Implementing IAM Policies with Least Privilege to Manage S3 Bucket
- Objective: Create an S3 bucket with least privilege IAM policy and validate access.
- Steps:
- Create S3 bucket.
- Attach least privilege policy to IAM user.
- Validate access.
- Exploiting IAM PassRole Misconfiguration
-Allows a user to pass a specific IAM role to an AWS service (ec2), typically used for service access delegation. Then exploit PassRole Misconfiguration granting unauthorized access to sensitive resources.
- Objective: Demonstrate how a PassRole misconfiguration can grant unauthorized access.
- Steps:
- Allow user to pass IAM role to EC2.
- Exploit misconfiguration for unauthorized access.
- Access sensitive resources.
- Exploiting IAM AssumeRole Misconfiguration with Overly Permissive Role
- An overly permissive IAM role configuration can lead to privilege escalation by creating a role with administrative privileges and allow a user to assume this role.
- Objective: Show how overly permissive IAM roles can lead to privilege escalation.
- Steps:
- Create role with administrative privileges.
- Allow user to assume the role.
- Perform administrative actions.
- Differentiation between PassRole vs AssumeRole
Try at [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
Digital Twins Computer Networking Paper Presentation.pptxaryanpankaj78
A Digital Twin in computer networking is a virtual representation of a physical network, used to simulate, analyze, and optimize network performance and reliability. It leverages real-time data to enhance network management, predict issues, and improve decision-making processes.
Applications of artificial Intelligence in Mechanical Engineering.pdfAtif Razi
Historically, mechanical engineering has relied heavily on human expertise and empirical methods to solve complex problems. With the introduction of computer-aided design (CAD) and finite element analysis (FEA), the field took its first steps towards digitization. These tools allowed engineers to simulate and analyze mechanical systems with greater accuracy and efficiency. However, the sheer volume of data generated by modern engineering systems and the increasing complexity of these systems have necessitated more advanced analytical tools, paving the way for AI.
AI offers the capability to process vast amounts of data, identify patterns, and make predictions with a level of speed and accuracy unattainable by traditional methods. This has profound implications for mechanical engineering, enabling more efficient design processes, predictive maintenance strategies, and optimized manufacturing operations. AI-driven tools can learn from historical data, adapt to new information, and continuously improve their performance, making them invaluable in tackling the multifaceted challenges of modern mechanical engineering.
2. CONTENTS
1. Engineering Drawing Definition
2. Projection
3. First Angle Projection
4. Third Angle Projection
5. Multi views
6. Conversion of Isometric to orthographic
7. Conversion of orthographic to Isometric
4. 1.The ability to read drawings is the most important
requirement of all technical people in engineering
profession.
Graphics
language
Describe a shape
(mainly).
Word
language
Describe size, location and
specification of the object.
5. 1.The classification of Engineering Drawings include:
Building drawing, Machine drawing, Electrical
drawing etc.
2.Dimensions are indicated on the drawing to define
geometric characteristics such as lengths,
diameters, radii, angles and locations.
6. SCALE
Size in drawing Actual size
:
1.All engineering drawings are prepared to some scale. The
scale adopted should be the largest possible one.
1.Full size scale,
2.Reducing scale and
3.Enlarging scale.
2.Full size scale 1:1, Reducing scale 1:2, Enlarging scale 50:1
7. PROJECTION
A projection is defined as a representation of an
object on a two dimensional plane. There are
basically three types of projections.
1.Orthographic projection
2.Isometric projection
3.Perspective projection
8. ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTION
A projection is said to be orthographic, when the point of
sight is imagined to be located at infinity, so that the
rays of sight are parallel to each other and intersect the
plane of projection at right angles to it.
Line of sight
Line of sight
9. Line of sight is an imaginary ray of
light between an observer’s eye and an object.
Line of sight
Parallel projection
Line of sight
Perspective projection
There are 2 types of LOS : parallel converge
and
10. Plane of projection is an imaginary flat
plane on which the image is created.
The image is produced by connecting the points where
the LOS pierce the projection plane.
Parallel projection Perspective projection
Plane of projection Plane of projection
11. Perspective projection is not
used by engineer for manu-
facturing of parts, because
1) It is difficult to create.
2) It does not reveal exact
shape and size. Width is distorted
Disadvantage of
Perspective
Projection
12. Orthographic projection technique can produce either
1. Multiview drawing
that each view show an object in two dimensions.
2. Axonometric drawing
that show all three dimensions of an object in one view.
Both drawing types are used in technical drawing for
communication.
ORTHOGRAPHIC VIEW
14. Drawing Sheet Sizes
Trimmed paper of
a size A0 ~ A4.
Standard sheet size
A4 210 x 297
A3 297 x 420
A2 420 x 594
A1 594 x 841
A0 841 x 1189
A4
A3
A2
A1
A0
(Dimensions in millimeters)
16. PROJECTION SYSTEMS
1. First angle system
2. Third angle system
First Quadrant
Third
Quadrant
- European country
- ISO standard
- Canada, USA,
Japan, Thailand
25. Orthographic views of objects with either (i)
a line or (ii) lines missing are given below.
Complete the given views. Also draw
freehand, the isometric view of each object.