This document summarizes research on using geosynthetics like geogrids and geotextiles in pavement design. It discusses how geosynthetics can improve load distribution and reduce stresses on subgrade layers through mechanisms like confinement and interlocking. The document reviews literature showing geogrids can allow up to 40% reduction in base course thickness and increase the number of load cycles pavements can withstand by 1.5 to 3 times. It also discusses guidelines for selecting and placing geogrids to maximize reinforcement benefits, like placing them near the top of base layers. In summary, the document outlines how geosynthetics can provide a more cost-effective way to strengthen pavements through reinforcement.
Application of Geocell in Geotechnical EngineeringRonak Jain
This document summarizes the applications of geocell in geotechnical engineering. Geocells are 3D honeycombed structures made of polymeric materials that form a confinement system when filled with compacted soil. Some key applications of geocells include erosion control, ground stabilization, retaining walls, slope protection, reservoirs, and improving bearing capacity. Geocells provide advantages such as protection for impervious liners and accommodation of subgrade movement without loss of integrity. A case study demonstrated how geocells were used successfully to build an access road over weak soils near a waste disposal site.
IRJET- Laboratory Studies on Geotextile Reinforced Soil for PavementIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on using geotextiles to reinforce soil in flexible pavements. The study found that incorporating a woven geotextile layer between the subgrade and base course can reduce cracks caused by subgrade settlement and decrease the total required pavement thickness. Specifically, laboratory tests showed that a pavement designed using geotextile reinforcement required a total thickness of 325mm, compared to 575mm for the unreinforced design. Therefore, geotextiles provide benefits of enhanced pavement performance and reduced material costs through thinner pavement sections.
Presentation on Summer internship on Road ConstructionSelf-employed
This is an presentation on training in LODHA Palava, In this internship, I learned about an overview of the road construction which I mentioned in this presentation.
The document is a major project report submitted for a Bachelor of Technology degree in Civil Engineering. It investigates the effects of coir fiber on the properties of clayey soil. The report includes an acknowledgment section thanking those who provided guidance and support. It also includes a candidate's declaration, abstract, literature review, objectives, materials and methods, results and discussion, and conclusions sections. The project aims to identify and quantify how adding different proportions of coir fiber (0%, 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% by weight) influences the engineering properties of clayey soil specimens, such as compaction, unconfined compressive strength, and CBR values. The results show that adding 1% coir
Pavement refers to durable surface materials laid down on areas for vehicular or foot traffic like roads and walkways. There are two main types: flexible pavement made of materials like asphalt, and rigid pavement made of concrete. Flexible pavement has lower initial costs but requires more maintenance, while rigid pavement has higher initial costs but lasts longer with less maintenance. The document discusses the layers, materials, design processes, and testing methods used for both flexible and rigid pavements.
CIVIL SEMINAR REPORT :USE OF GEOGRIDS IN FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT. Geogrids can also prevent aggregate penetration into the subgrade, depending on the ability of the geogrid to confine and prevent lateral displacement of the base/sub-base. However, the geogrid does not prevent intrusion of subgrade soils up into the base/sub-base course,...
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Application of Geocell in Geotechnical EngineeringRonak Jain
This document summarizes the applications of geocell in geotechnical engineering. Geocells are 3D honeycombed structures made of polymeric materials that form a confinement system when filled with compacted soil. Some key applications of geocells include erosion control, ground stabilization, retaining walls, slope protection, reservoirs, and improving bearing capacity. Geocells provide advantages such as protection for impervious liners and accommodation of subgrade movement without loss of integrity. A case study demonstrated how geocells were used successfully to build an access road over weak soils near a waste disposal site.
IRJET- Laboratory Studies on Geotextile Reinforced Soil for PavementIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on using geotextiles to reinforce soil in flexible pavements. The study found that incorporating a woven geotextile layer between the subgrade and base course can reduce cracks caused by subgrade settlement and decrease the total required pavement thickness. Specifically, laboratory tests showed that a pavement designed using geotextile reinforcement required a total thickness of 325mm, compared to 575mm for the unreinforced design. Therefore, geotextiles provide benefits of enhanced pavement performance and reduced material costs through thinner pavement sections.
Presentation on Summer internship on Road ConstructionSelf-employed
This is an presentation on training in LODHA Palava, In this internship, I learned about an overview of the road construction which I mentioned in this presentation.
The document is a major project report submitted for a Bachelor of Technology degree in Civil Engineering. It investigates the effects of coir fiber on the properties of clayey soil. The report includes an acknowledgment section thanking those who provided guidance and support. It also includes a candidate's declaration, abstract, literature review, objectives, materials and methods, results and discussion, and conclusions sections. The project aims to identify and quantify how adding different proportions of coir fiber (0%, 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% by weight) influences the engineering properties of clayey soil specimens, such as compaction, unconfined compressive strength, and CBR values. The results show that adding 1% coir
Pavement refers to durable surface materials laid down on areas for vehicular or foot traffic like roads and walkways. There are two main types: flexible pavement made of materials like asphalt, and rigid pavement made of concrete. Flexible pavement has lower initial costs but requires more maintenance, while rigid pavement has higher initial costs but lasts longer with less maintenance. The document discusses the layers, materials, design processes, and testing methods used for both flexible and rigid pavements.
CIVIL SEMINAR REPORT :USE OF GEOGRIDS IN FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT. Geogrids can also prevent aggregate penetration into the subgrade, depending on the ability of the geogrid to confine and prevent lateral displacement of the base/sub-base. However, the geogrid does not prevent intrusion of subgrade soils up into the base/sub-base course,...
flexible pavement ppt
flexible pavement vs rigid pavement
rigid pavement
flexible pavement materials
flexible pavement design
flexible pavement of road construction
types of rigid pavements
flexible pavement construction
interesting civil engineering topics
civil engineering topics for presentation
civil seminar topics ppt
civil engineering seminar topics 2018
best seminar topics for civil engineering
seminar topics pdf
seminar topics for mechanical engineers
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soil stabilization using lime and polypropyleneMalothHarish
This document summarizes a technical seminar on soil stabilization using lime and polypropylene fibers. It discusses how soil stabilization helps strengthen soil to support structures by improving properties. The literature review examines previous research on using waste fibers for geotechnical applications. Details are provided on the materials used, including black cotton soil, lime, and polypropylene fibers. A series of experiments are outlined to determine the effects of different fiber percentages on soil properties like density, moisture content, and strength. The conclusion indicates that adding polypropylene fibers increases the strength of black cotton soil.
Polymer Modified Bitumen (PMB) for Road ConstructionJOMSON MATHACHAN
Bitumen is a by-product of fractional distillation of crude oil.
Current world consumption of bitumen is approximately 120 million tons per year.
In India, flexible pavements with bituminous surfacing are widely used.
Rapid development, exponential increase in traffic, and significant variations in daily and seasonal temperatures have shown some limitations in bitumen binder performance.
Geotextiles are synthetic fabrics that are used in civil engineering and construction projects. They were first used in the 1950s as woven industrial fabrics and the first nonwoven geotextile was developed in 1968. Geotextiles are porous, flexible materials made of woven, nonwoven or knitted synthetic fibers. They serve important functions in construction including separation, reinforcement, drainage, filtration and protection. Common applications include roads, dams, retaining walls, and erosion control. Geotextiles improve performance and reduce costs for many types of civil engineering structures.
This document summarizes a seminar presentation on the use of geogrids as soil reinforcement. Some key points:
- Geogrids are synthetic materials formed by bonding polymer strips at crossing points, creating an open structure.
- They have been used since the 1930s for applications like road construction, erosion control, and in the Great Wall of China.
- Common types include woven and nonwoven geogrids. Materials include polyester, polyvinyl alcohol, and polypropylene.
- Geogrids function by transmitting fluid forces, filtering soil, and separating soil for reinforcement of retaining walls, bridges, slopes, and more.
- When used in
Geosynthetics are polymeric materials used with soil to modify its engineering properties. There are several types of geosynthetics including geotextiles, geogrids, geomembranes, and geocomposites. Geotextiles include non-woven, woven, and knitted fabrics which are made of polymers like polypropylene, polyethylene, and polyester. Geogrids are formed by joining intersecting polymer ribs to create a grid-like structure with large openings. Geomembranes are thin, impermeable polymer sheets used to control fluid movement. Geosynthetics function by providing separation, reinforcement, filtration, drainage, barriers, protection, and stiffening to soils
Fly ash is a byproduct of coal combustion in thermal power plants. Huge quantities of fly ash are generated and can be used beneficially in road construction. Fly ash has physical and chemical properties making it suitable for use in embankments and as a stabilizer in subgrades and bases. When used in embankments, fly ash must be compacted properly and protected with an earthen cover to prevent erosion. Engineering tests are required to evaluate the properties of fly ash before using it in road construction. National highway authorities are increasingly using fly ash to reduce costs and promote sustainable construction practices.
The document discusses different methods for recycling pavements, including flexible and rigid pavements. For flexible pavements, it describes in-place hot and cold recycling processes as well as hot and cold central plant recycling. For rigid pavements, it discusses breaking, crushing and processing concrete to produce recycled concrete aggregate (RCA), which can be used in new concrete. It notes that recycling provides benefits like reduced costs, preservation of resources and the environment.
The document is a technical seminar report submitted by Kamaruddin VN, a student at Jain University, as a partial requirement to earn a Bachelor of Engineering degree in Civil Engineering. The report discusses green concrete, which uses waste materials to make concrete more environmentally friendly. It describes various materials that can be used to make green concrete, including recycled demolition waste and blast furnace slag as coarse aggregates, and manufactured sand and recycled glass as fine aggregates. The report also discusses partially replacing cement with fly ash and using materials like silica fumes and marble powder to improve the properties of green concrete.
The document discusses different approaches to flexible pavement design, including empirical, mechanistic, and mechanistic-empirical approaches. It provides details on each approach, such as the empirical approach using the 1993 AASHTO Guide equation relating pavement characteristics to performance, and the mechanistic approach modeling the pavement as layers and calculating stress/strain. The mechanistic-empirical approach combines both, using mechanics to calculate stresses/strains and empirical data to define failure criteria. Road tests like the AASHO and Maryland tests helped develop the empirical relationships used in design methods.
This document provides information on reinforced earth walls, including their components and construction methodology. It discusses that reinforced earth walls combine earth and linear reinforcing strips to bear large tensile stresses. The key components are reinforcing elements, soil backfill (which can be replaced with fly ash), and a facing element. Geogrids are used as reinforcements and provide strength in tension, while fly ash or soil in the backfill provides compression strength. The document also outlines design considerations around drainage, joint materials, and stability checks for these types of walls.
The document discusses various ground improvement techniques used to modify the engineering properties of soils, including densification, consolidation, reinforcement, and chemical treatment. It provides details on specific techniques like vibroflotation, ground freezing, and soil nailing. Geosynthetics are also introduced as natural or artificial products used in geotechnical constructions to improve properties of soils.
Geotextiles are increasingly being used for soil stabilization in construction projects like roads and railways. They help reduce the need for aggregate and separation of different soil layers, allowing water drainage while preventing mixing. A seminar report discusses the functions, types, and applications of geotextiles. Laboratory tests on soil samples show geotextiles increase the California Bearing Ratio, a measure of soil strength. Reinforced soils had higher strength and would reduce pavement thicknesses needed. Geotextiles thus enhance subgrade performance and increase the ultimate lifespan of construction projects.
This document provides an overview of geosynthetics. It defines geosynthetics as planar, polymeric materials used in contact with soil, rock, or other geotechnical materials for purposes such as filtration, drainage, separation, reinforcement, protection, sealing and packing. The document discusses different types of geosynthetics including geotextiles, geomembranes, geogrids, geonets, and geocells. It also outlines the functions, materials, applications and benefits of geosynthetic reinforcement. World markets for geosynthetics are projected to grow strongly, especially in China and North America.
Highway Construction Materials and PracticeSenthamizhan M
Sub grade soil is an integral part of the road pavement structure as it provides the support to the pavement from beneath.
The sub grade soil and its properties are important in the design of pavement structure.
The main function of the sub grade is to give adequate support to the pavement and for this the sub grade should possess sufficient stability under adverse climatic and loading conditions.
Principles and design concepts of reinforced soil wallsPrakash Ravindran
Reinforced soil walls are cost-effective retaining structures that can tolerate large settlements. They consist of layers of soil reinforced with tensile inclusions like geogrids or geotextiles. The reinforcement improves the soil strength allowing near-vertical faces to be constructed. Key advantages include flexibility, rapid construction, and ability to absorb movements. The document discusses design principles like external stability checks against sliding and bearing capacity failure. Internal stability checks reinforcement rupture and pullout capacity. Settlements, seismic design, and typical failures are also covered.
This project deals with widening of roads,Under this project single lane roads are modified as double lane roads. The project includes the improvement roads connectivity.
asphalt Pavement rehabilitation through recyclingAbubakar Khalid
This document discusses various methods for rehabilitating asphalt pavements through recycling. It begins with an introduction to asphalt recycling and its advantages such as conservation of resources and reduced traffic disruption. Different recycling techniques are then outlined, including cold planning, full depth reclamation, cold in-place recycling, and hot in-place recycling. For each method, the key steps of the process are described. Examples of recycling projects in Pakistan are also provided.
This document provides an overview of pavement design methods and the 1993 AASHTO Guide for pavement design of both flexible and rigid pavements. It summarizes:
- The objectives and inputs considered in pavement design
- The empirical and mechanistic-empirical approaches used in the AASHTO Guide
- The key equations, parameters, and design process for both flexible and rigid pavement structures
It describes how the AASHTO Guide is based on predicting the decrease in serviceability over time under traffic loading using reliability concepts. The design process involves calculating the structural number for flexible pavements or slab thickness for rigid pavements based on traffic, materials properties, and reliability factors.
This document discusses different types of geo-synthetics, which are man-made materials used in geotechnical engineering and construction. It describes eight main categories: geotextiles, geogrids, geonets, geomembranes, geosynthetic clay liners, geocells, geofoam, and geocomposites. Geotextiles are the most commonly used and can be woven or non-woven. Each geo-synthetic has different characteristics and functions, such as separation, reinforcement, filtration, drainage, or containment. Tests are conducted to evaluate geo-synthetics' properties. The conclusion discusses the growth of these materials and their promising future applications.
1) The document discusses using waste rubber tires to improve soil properties. It reviews literature that has shown mixing shredded rubber tires with clayey soils can increase unconfined compressive strength, ductility, and toughness.
2) The study aims to determine the optimum moisture content, maximum dry density, and California Bearing Ratio (CBR) of soil with different proportions of shredded rubber tire added. Tire pieces were cut to sizes of 10mm to 20mm wide and 25mm to 45mm long.
3) Previous studies have found adding tire shreds of up to 20% by weight can improve the properties of sand-tire mixtures similar to gravel-sand mixtures. Higher tire contents decrease strength.
This document summarizes a study on using finite element analysis to model coir geotextile reinforced flexible pavements. ABAQUS software was used to analyze the stress-strain behavior of unreinforced and reinforced pavement sections under static wheel loads. Results showed that placing coir geotextiles at the interface between asphalt and base course layers significantly reduced lateral strains in the pavement layers. Reinforced sections also had reduced horizontal tensile strains. Fatigue life predictions found that coir geotextile reinforcement can extend the life of flexible pavements compared to unreinforced sections.
soil stabilization using lime and polypropyleneMalothHarish
This document summarizes a technical seminar on soil stabilization using lime and polypropylene fibers. It discusses how soil stabilization helps strengthen soil to support structures by improving properties. The literature review examines previous research on using waste fibers for geotechnical applications. Details are provided on the materials used, including black cotton soil, lime, and polypropylene fibers. A series of experiments are outlined to determine the effects of different fiber percentages on soil properties like density, moisture content, and strength. The conclusion indicates that adding polypropylene fibers increases the strength of black cotton soil.
Polymer Modified Bitumen (PMB) for Road ConstructionJOMSON MATHACHAN
Bitumen is a by-product of fractional distillation of crude oil.
Current world consumption of bitumen is approximately 120 million tons per year.
In India, flexible pavements with bituminous surfacing are widely used.
Rapid development, exponential increase in traffic, and significant variations in daily and seasonal temperatures have shown some limitations in bitumen binder performance.
Geotextiles are synthetic fabrics that are used in civil engineering and construction projects. They were first used in the 1950s as woven industrial fabrics and the first nonwoven geotextile was developed in 1968. Geotextiles are porous, flexible materials made of woven, nonwoven or knitted synthetic fibers. They serve important functions in construction including separation, reinforcement, drainage, filtration and protection. Common applications include roads, dams, retaining walls, and erosion control. Geotextiles improve performance and reduce costs for many types of civil engineering structures.
This document summarizes a seminar presentation on the use of geogrids as soil reinforcement. Some key points:
- Geogrids are synthetic materials formed by bonding polymer strips at crossing points, creating an open structure.
- They have been used since the 1930s for applications like road construction, erosion control, and in the Great Wall of China.
- Common types include woven and nonwoven geogrids. Materials include polyester, polyvinyl alcohol, and polypropylene.
- Geogrids function by transmitting fluid forces, filtering soil, and separating soil for reinforcement of retaining walls, bridges, slopes, and more.
- When used in
Geosynthetics are polymeric materials used with soil to modify its engineering properties. There are several types of geosynthetics including geotextiles, geogrids, geomembranes, and geocomposites. Geotextiles include non-woven, woven, and knitted fabrics which are made of polymers like polypropylene, polyethylene, and polyester. Geogrids are formed by joining intersecting polymer ribs to create a grid-like structure with large openings. Geomembranes are thin, impermeable polymer sheets used to control fluid movement. Geosynthetics function by providing separation, reinforcement, filtration, drainage, barriers, protection, and stiffening to soils
Fly ash is a byproduct of coal combustion in thermal power plants. Huge quantities of fly ash are generated and can be used beneficially in road construction. Fly ash has physical and chemical properties making it suitable for use in embankments and as a stabilizer in subgrades and bases. When used in embankments, fly ash must be compacted properly and protected with an earthen cover to prevent erosion. Engineering tests are required to evaluate the properties of fly ash before using it in road construction. National highway authorities are increasingly using fly ash to reduce costs and promote sustainable construction practices.
The document discusses different methods for recycling pavements, including flexible and rigid pavements. For flexible pavements, it describes in-place hot and cold recycling processes as well as hot and cold central plant recycling. For rigid pavements, it discusses breaking, crushing and processing concrete to produce recycled concrete aggregate (RCA), which can be used in new concrete. It notes that recycling provides benefits like reduced costs, preservation of resources and the environment.
The document is a technical seminar report submitted by Kamaruddin VN, a student at Jain University, as a partial requirement to earn a Bachelor of Engineering degree in Civil Engineering. The report discusses green concrete, which uses waste materials to make concrete more environmentally friendly. It describes various materials that can be used to make green concrete, including recycled demolition waste and blast furnace slag as coarse aggregates, and manufactured sand and recycled glass as fine aggregates. The report also discusses partially replacing cement with fly ash and using materials like silica fumes and marble powder to improve the properties of green concrete.
The document discusses different approaches to flexible pavement design, including empirical, mechanistic, and mechanistic-empirical approaches. It provides details on each approach, such as the empirical approach using the 1993 AASHTO Guide equation relating pavement characteristics to performance, and the mechanistic approach modeling the pavement as layers and calculating stress/strain. The mechanistic-empirical approach combines both, using mechanics to calculate stresses/strains and empirical data to define failure criteria. Road tests like the AASHO and Maryland tests helped develop the empirical relationships used in design methods.
This document provides information on reinforced earth walls, including their components and construction methodology. It discusses that reinforced earth walls combine earth and linear reinforcing strips to bear large tensile stresses. The key components are reinforcing elements, soil backfill (which can be replaced with fly ash), and a facing element. Geogrids are used as reinforcements and provide strength in tension, while fly ash or soil in the backfill provides compression strength. The document also outlines design considerations around drainage, joint materials, and stability checks for these types of walls.
The document discusses various ground improvement techniques used to modify the engineering properties of soils, including densification, consolidation, reinforcement, and chemical treatment. It provides details on specific techniques like vibroflotation, ground freezing, and soil nailing. Geosynthetics are also introduced as natural or artificial products used in geotechnical constructions to improve properties of soils.
Geotextiles are increasingly being used for soil stabilization in construction projects like roads and railways. They help reduce the need for aggregate and separation of different soil layers, allowing water drainage while preventing mixing. A seminar report discusses the functions, types, and applications of geotextiles. Laboratory tests on soil samples show geotextiles increase the California Bearing Ratio, a measure of soil strength. Reinforced soils had higher strength and would reduce pavement thicknesses needed. Geotextiles thus enhance subgrade performance and increase the ultimate lifespan of construction projects.
This document provides an overview of geosynthetics. It defines geosynthetics as planar, polymeric materials used in contact with soil, rock, or other geotechnical materials for purposes such as filtration, drainage, separation, reinforcement, protection, sealing and packing. The document discusses different types of geosynthetics including geotextiles, geomembranes, geogrids, geonets, and geocells. It also outlines the functions, materials, applications and benefits of geosynthetic reinforcement. World markets for geosynthetics are projected to grow strongly, especially in China and North America.
Highway Construction Materials and PracticeSenthamizhan M
Sub grade soil is an integral part of the road pavement structure as it provides the support to the pavement from beneath.
The sub grade soil and its properties are important in the design of pavement structure.
The main function of the sub grade is to give adequate support to the pavement and for this the sub grade should possess sufficient stability under adverse climatic and loading conditions.
Principles and design concepts of reinforced soil wallsPrakash Ravindran
Reinforced soil walls are cost-effective retaining structures that can tolerate large settlements. They consist of layers of soil reinforced with tensile inclusions like geogrids or geotextiles. The reinforcement improves the soil strength allowing near-vertical faces to be constructed. Key advantages include flexibility, rapid construction, and ability to absorb movements. The document discusses design principles like external stability checks against sliding and bearing capacity failure. Internal stability checks reinforcement rupture and pullout capacity. Settlements, seismic design, and typical failures are also covered.
This project deals with widening of roads,Under this project single lane roads are modified as double lane roads. The project includes the improvement roads connectivity.
asphalt Pavement rehabilitation through recyclingAbubakar Khalid
This document discusses various methods for rehabilitating asphalt pavements through recycling. It begins with an introduction to asphalt recycling and its advantages such as conservation of resources and reduced traffic disruption. Different recycling techniques are then outlined, including cold planning, full depth reclamation, cold in-place recycling, and hot in-place recycling. For each method, the key steps of the process are described. Examples of recycling projects in Pakistan are also provided.
This document provides an overview of pavement design methods and the 1993 AASHTO Guide for pavement design of both flexible and rigid pavements. It summarizes:
- The objectives and inputs considered in pavement design
- The empirical and mechanistic-empirical approaches used in the AASHTO Guide
- The key equations, parameters, and design process for both flexible and rigid pavement structures
It describes how the AASHTO Guide is based on predicting the decrease in serviceability over time under traffic loading using reliability concepts. The design process involves calculating the structural number for flexible pavements or slab thickness for rigid pavements based on traffic, materials properties, and reliability factors.
This document discusses different types of geo-synthetics, which are man-made materials used in geotechnical engineering and construction. It describes eight main categories: geotextiles, geogrids, geonets, geomembranes, geosynthetic clay liners, geocells, geofoam, and geocomposites. Geotextiles are the most commonly used and can be woven or non-woven. Each geo-synthetic has different characteristics and functions, such as separation, reinforcement, filtration, drainage, or containment. Tests are conducted to evaluate geo-synthetics' properties. The conclusion discusses the growth of these materials and their promising future applications.
1) The document discusses using waste rubber tires to improve soil properties. It reviews literature that has shown mixing shredded rubber tires with clayey soils can increase unconfined compressive strength, ductility, and toughness.
2) The study aims to determine the optimum moisture content, maximum dry density, and California Bearing Ratio (CBR) of soil with different proportions of shredded rubber tire added. Tire pieces were cut to sizes of 10mm to 20mm wide and 25mm to 45mm long.
3) Previous studies have found adding tire shreds of up to 20% by weight can improve the properties of sand-tire mixtures similar to gravel-sand mixtures. Higher tire contents decrease strength.
This document summarizes a study on using finite element analysis to model coir geotextile reinforced flexible pavements. ABAQUS software was used to analyze the stress-strain behavior of unreinforced and reinforced pavement sections under static wheel loads. Results showed that placing coir geotextiles at the interface between asphalt and base course layers significantly reduced lateral strains in the pavement layers. Reinforced sections also had reduced horizontal tensile strains. Fatigue life predictions found that coir geotextile reinforcement can extend the life of flexible pavements compared to unreinforced sections.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Experimental Study on Pavement Stabilization Using Geosynthetic SolutionIRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental study on using geosynthetic materials to stabilize pavement. Specifically, it examines using extruded biaxial polypropylene geogrid at the interface of granular sub-base and base layers of a pavement section. The geogrid is proposed to increase the modulus of the granular layers, thereby reducing the required thickness of asphalt and granular layers. A literature review found that geogrid reinforcement can decrease vertical strain and reduce horizontal tensile strain in asphalt pavements. A trial section was designed with geogrid placed between granular base and sub-base layers according to IRC guidelines. Material properties of the subgrade soil, granular layers, asph
Application of Coir Geotextile in Subgrade For Improved Strength And Drainage...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on using coir geotextiles to improve the strength of subgrade soil for flexible pavement construction. Coir geotextiles were placed at different heights (H/2 and H/3) within a black cotton soil sample. California Bearing Ratio (CBR) tests were conducted to evaluate the soil strength. The results showed that CBR values increased with the addition of coir geotextiles compared to without, and the highest CBR values were obtained when the geotextiles were placed at a height of H/3. This indicates that coir geotextiles are effective at improving the load-bearing capacity of soft subgrade soils, which can enhance the performance
Evaluation of cbr using geosynthetics in soil layerseSAT Journals
Abstract In urban areas, the service life of pavement on weaker soil subgrade affected severely due to their high compressibility and plasticity behaviour. These soils possess less strength, CBR value and have high affinity to moisture content. Also the seasonal changes affects the soil properties adversely. Stabilization techniques using geo-synthetic materials for improving properties of these types of soft subgrades. To increase the sub grade soil strength and to reduce the thickness of flexible pavement, Geo-synthetics are increasingly used in wide variety of civil engineering applications. Geo- synthetics are the cost-effective ground modification materials which acts as a reinforcement and also increases the stability and bearing capacity of soil. Many researchers recommends the use of geo-synthetic material performs good results in soil stabilization. From this view, Evaluation has been made on poorly graded sand with the inclusion of go-grid, geo-textile and geo-composite materials between soil layers in different proportions. The CBR and shear parameters are determined for different combinations of subgrade thickness. The geo-engineering properties such as Atterberg limits, grain size distribution, compaction characteristics, and CBR value of poorly graded sand were evaluated and reported. To get the maximum California bearing ratio (CBR), the present study is put forward to understand the strength change in the soil with the addition of geo-synthetic materials. Such a study would be helpful in material selection based on site condition and strength gain along with economy. Keywords: Geo-synthetics, CBR, Strength, Economy.
Benefit analysis of subgrade and surface improvements in flexible pavements 2IAEME Publication
This document discusses analyzing the benefits of improving subgrade soil and surface layers in flexible pavements. Laboratory tests were conducted to determine optimal additives for subgrade stabilization and crumb rubber content for surface modification. A software program called FPAVE was used to evaluate pavement thickness for different combinations of conventional, stabilized, and modified layers. Analysis found that combinations with both subgrade and surface improvements had lower strains and required less thickness, resulting in a 50% cost benefit compared to conventional flexible pavements.
Modelling of Permanent Deformation on Flexible Pavement Using Accelerated Pav...IOSR Journals
Abstract: The two major distresses encountered on flexible pavement under Indian conditions are fracture
(cracking) and longitudinal permanent deformation (rutting) which affects the serviceability of pavement.
Accelerated Pavement Testing Facility (APTF) is a tool which is a vital link for testing and measuring full-scale
field behaviour of cracking and rutting of pavement at in-situ conditions. Recently, CSIR-Central Road
Research Institute (CRRI) in India has procured a linear Heavy Vehicle Simulator (HVS) type of APTF which is
presently being used for finding out the cracking and rutting behaviour of a flexible pavement consisting Dense
Bituminous Concrete (DBC) as wearing course and Dense Bituminous Macadam (DBM) as binder course apart
from the conventional granular layers above sub-grade.
The present paper deals with the development of a statistical model and its approach for pavement
rutting under numerous passes (bi-directional) for the layer specifications which are (i) 40 mm DBC (ii) 120
mm DBM (iii) 250 mm Wet Mix Macadam (WMM) and (iv) 300 mm Granular Sub-base (GSB) above the Subgrade,
which is an Indian Specification widely used for 30 Million Standard Axles (MSA) at 5% CBR. The
statistical model has been developed by observing / recording pavement surface profile using Laser
Profilometer (off board) for every 5,000 passes upto 50,000 passes, thereafter at every 10,000 passes upto
175,000 passes and then at every 25,000 passes upto 275,000 passes. The details of methodology adopted, load
applied, temperature and material properties have also been given in the paper.
Keywords: Flexible pavement, Rutting, Accelerated Pavement Testing Facility,Modelling,Profilometer
Study on rutting and surface behaviour of urban flexible pavementeSAT Publishing House
This document summarizes a study on rutting and surface behavior of urban flexible pavements. Rutting measurements were taken at 8 bus shelter locations along two stretches of road. Rutting depths ranged from 30mm to 90mm, exceeding the maximum allowable depth of 20mm. 5 alternatives to address the rutting were proposed: stone matrix asphalt, mastic asphalt, glass fiber grid reinforcement, paver blocks, and rigid pavement. Data analysis showed rutting decreased initially with observations but later varied abruptly. The alternatives were to be evaluated using software for damage analysis and cost comparison.
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
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Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
Environmental Engineering,
Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
Marine and Agriculture engineering,
Aerospace Engineering.
This document summarizes a study on the influence of fines content and geo-grid reinforcement on the engineering properties of subgrade soil. Laboratory tests were conducted on two types of subgrade soil with varying fines content and three types of geo-grids varying in aperture size and tensile strength. Index tests, compaction tests, unconfined compressive strength tests, and California Bearing Ratio (CBR) tests were performed on unreinforced and geo-grid reinforced soil samples under both unsoaked and soaked conditions. The results showed that geo-grid reinforcement improved the strength properties of both soils, including increasing the unsoaked and soaked CBR values. However, soaking reduced the CBR, strength, and increased the
IRJET- Tyre Rubber Powder as a Soil StabilizerIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the use of tire rubber powder as a soil stabilizer. The study investigated how adding different percentages of crumb rubber powder (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%) impacted the shear strength and bearing capacity of black cotton soil. Tests were conducted to determine the effect on properties like liquid limit, plastic limit, and California Bearing Ratio (CBR). The results showed that 10% crumb rubber powder increased the CBR value and shear strength the most. Above 10% crumb rubber, the soil strength started to decrease. Therefore, the study concluded that 10% crumb rubber powder provides an effective and economical means to stabilize expansive black cotton soil.
Comparative Study on Soil Stabilization Using Jute and Coir GeotextileIRJET Journal
This study compares the effectiveness of jute and coir geotextiles for soil stabilization of black cotton soil. California bearing ratio (CBR) tests and compaction tests were conducted on black cotton soil with the addition of one or two layers of jute or sodium hydroxide treated coir geotextiles. The results showed that the CBR and maximum dry density values increased with the addition of geotextiles, with coir providing slightly better improvements than jute. A cost analysis also found that using coir geotextiles resulted in a more cost-effective pavement construction than jute. The study concluded that coir geotextile is a viable and low-cost option for improving soil strength
Study on the approaches of soil stabilizationIRJET Journal
This document discusses approaches to soil stabilization. There are two broad categories of soil stabilization: in-situ and ex-situ. In-situ stabilization involves applying stabilizing agents directly to soils on-site, and can be done through deep mixing methods or mass stabilization. Deep mixing methods like wet or dry mixing inject cementitious materials into soils to desired depths to improve strength. Ex-situ stabilization involves removing soils from their original location and transporting them elsewhere for treatment, such as dredging of contaminated sediments. The document provides details on various deep mixing and mass stabilization methods and their applications in soil improvement projects.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Life cycle cost analysis of overlay for an urban road in bangaloreeSAT Journals
Abstract
Pavements are subjected to severe condition of stresses and weathering effects from the day they are constructed and opened to traffic
mainly due to its fatigue behavior and environmental effects. Therefore, pavement rehabilitation is one of the most important
components of entire road systems. This paper highlights the design of concrete pavement with added mono fibers like polypropylene,
steel and hybrid fibres for a widened portion of existing concrete pavement and various overlay alternatives for an existing
bituminous pavement in an urban road in Bangalore. Along with this, Life cycle cost analyses at these sections are done by Net
Present Value (NPV) method to identify the most feasible option. The results show that though the initial cost of construction of
concrete overlay is high, over a period of time it prove to be better than the bituminous overlay considering the whole life cycle cost.
The economic analysis also indicates that, out of the three fibre options, hybrid reinforced concrete would be economical without
compromising the performance of the pavement.
Keywords: - Fatigue, Life cycle cost analysis, Net Present Value method, Overlay, Rehabilitation
Life cycle cost analysis of overlay for an urban road in bangaloreeSAT Journals
Abstract
Pavements are subjected to severe condition of stresses and weathering effects from the day they are constructed and opened to traffic
mainly due to its fatigue behavior and environmental effects. Therefore, pavement rehabilitation is one of the most important
components of entire road systems. This paper highlights the design of concrete pavement with added mono fibers like polypropylene,
steel and hybrid fibres for a widened portion of existing concrete pavement and various overlay alternatives for an existing
bituminous pavement in an urban road in Bangalore. Along with this, Life cycle cost analyses at these sections are done by Net
Present Value (NPV) method to identify the most feasible option. The results show that though the initial cost of construction of
concrete overlay is high, over a period of time it prove to be better than the bituminous overlay considering the whole life cycle cost.
The economic analysis also indicates that, out of the three fibre options, hybrid reinforced concrete would be economical without
compromising the performance of the pavement.
Keywords: - Fatigue, Life cycle cost analysis, Net Present Value method, Overlay, Rehabilitation
A LABORATORY STUDY ON ACID MODIFIED BITUMINOUS MIXES IN COMPARISON FOR RUTTIN...civejjour
The rapid growth in trafficload intensity, tire pressure and traffic volume has put a hugedemand on pavements to perform satisfactorily for the design period. A number of efforts are made in the past to develop pavement materials that helped in attaining longer serviceability. Most of these efforts were directed towards improving the design of bituminous mix through modified bituminous binders. In this context an attempt is made to evaluate rutting characteristics of conventional bitumen modified with Poly phosphoric Acid (PPA). Immersion Type Wheel Rutting Machine was used for evaluation of rutting characteristics and is considered as one of the major critical criteria for design of pavement. Poly phosphoric Acid (PPA) is added as modifier to virgin bitumen (VG – 30) at regular interval of 1% up to 6% to the weight of Bitumen. Bituminous Concrete of Grade-II is considered for Analysis. Slabs of 400X300X50mm are prepared for evaluation of rutting characteristics. Stability, density, voids and flow parameters were determined using marshal test method for virgin and PPA modified mix. The result of immersion wheel rutting explains that acid modified binders resist more rutting compared to virgin binders. Acid modified mixes at 3% optimum performs better in rutting characteristics when tested in laboratory for induced applied pressures, load and number of passes.
A Laboratory Study on Acid Modified Bituminous Mixes in Comparison for Ruttin...civej
The rapid growth in trafficload intensity, tire pressure and traffic volume has put a hugedemand on
pavements to perform satisfactorily for the design period. A number of efforts are made in the past to
develop pavement materials that helped in attaining longer serviceability. Most of these efforts were
directed towards improving the design of bituminous mix through modified bituminous binders. In this
context an attempt is made to evaluate rutting characteristics of conventional bitumen modified with Poly
phosphoric Acid (PPA). Immersion Type Wheel Rutting Machine was used for evaluation of rutting
characteristics and is considered as one of the major critical criteria for design of pavement. Poly
phosphoric Acid (PPA) is added as modifier to virgin bitumen (VG – 30) at regular interval of 1% up to
6% to the weight of Bitumen. Bituminous Concrete of Grade-II is considered for Analysis. Slabs of
400X300X50mm are prepared for evaluation of rutting characteristics. Stability, density, voids and flow
parameters were determined using marshal test method for virgin and PPA modified mix. The result of
immersion wheel rutting explains that acid modified binders resist more rutting compared to virgin
binders. Acid modified mixes at 3% optimum performs better in rutting characteristics when tested in
laboratory for induced applied pressures, load and number of passes.
An experimental study of square footing resting on geo grid reinforced sandeSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Similar to Application of Geosynthetics in Pavement Design (20)
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study analyzing the effect of camber, position of camber, and angle of attack on the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils. Sixteen modified asymmetric NACA airfoils were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by varying the camber, camber position, and angle of attack. The results showed the relationship between these parameters and the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and lift to drag ratio. This provides insight into how changes in airfoil geometry impact aerodynamic performance.
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the progress and challenges of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes and applications. It discusses how various aluminum MMCs have been developed using reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides to improve mechanical and wear properties. These composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high-strength and corrosion resistance properties. The document also examines recent advancements in fabrication techniques for aluminum MMCs and their growing applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive. However, it notes that challenges remain around issues like improper mixing of reinforcements and reducing reinforcement agglomeration.
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on using graph neural networks (GNNs) for dynamic optimization of public transportation networks in real-time. GNNs represent transit networks as graphs with nodes as stops and edges as connections. The GNN model aims to optimize networks using real-time data on vehicle locations, arrival times, and passenger loads. This helps increase mobility, decrease traffic, and improve efficiency. The system continuously trains and infers to adapt to changing transit conditions, providing decision support tools. While research has focused on performance, more work is needed on security, socio-economic impacts, contextual generalization of models, continuous learning approaches, and effective real-time visualization.
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project that aims to compare the structural performance of conventional slab and grid slab systems in multi-story buildings using ETABS software. The study will analyze both symmetric and asymmetric building models under various loading conditions. Parameters like deflections, moments, shears, and stresses will be examined to evaluate the structural effectiveness of each slab type. The results will provide insights into the comparative behavior of conventional and grid slabs to help engineers and architects select appropriate slab systems based on building layouts and design requirements.
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes and reviews a research paper on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without infill walls. It discusses how infill walls can improve or reduce the seismic performance of RC buildings, depending on factors like wall layout, height distribution, connection to the frame, and relative stiffness of walls and frames. The reviewed research paper analyzes the behavior of infill walls, effects of vertical irregularities, and seismic performance of high-rise structures under linear static and dynamic analysis. It studies response characteristics like story drift, deflection and shear. The document also provides literature on similar research investigating the effects of infill walls, soft stories, plan irregularities, and different
This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes temperature and precipitation trends in Asosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 based on data from the local meteorological station. The results show:
1) The average maximum and minimum annual temperatures have generally decreased over time, with maximum temperatures decreasing by a factor of -0.0341 and minimum by -0.0152.
2) Mann-Kendall tests found the decreasing temperature trends to be statistically significant for annual maximum temperatures but not for annual minimum temperatures.
3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD ProIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and analysis of pre-engineered building (PEB) framed structures using STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of PEBs, including that they are designed off-site with building trusses and beams produced in a factory. STAAD Pro is identified as a key tool for modeling, analyzing, and designing PEBs to ensure their performance and safety under various load scenarios. The document outlines modeling structural parts in STAAD Pro, evaluating structural reactions, assigning loads, and following international design codes and standards. In summary, STAAD Pro is used to design and analyze PEB framed structures to ensure safety and code compliance.
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on innovative fiber integration methods for reinforcing concrete structures. It discusses studies that have explored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with recycled plastic aggregates to develop more sustainable strengthening techniques. It also examines using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete to improve shear strength in beams. Additional topics covered include the dynamic responses of FRP-strengthened beams under static and impact loads, and the performance of preloaded CFRP-strengthened fiber reinforced concrete beams. The review highlights the potential of fiber composites to enable more sustainable and resilient construction practices.
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey on securing patient healthcare data in cloud-based systems. It discusses using technologies like facial recognition, smart cards, and cloud computing combined with strong encryption to securely store patient data. The survey found that healthcare professionals believe digitizing patient records and storing them in a centralized cloud system would improve access during emergencies and enable more efficient care compared to paper-based systems. However, ensuring privacy and security of patient data is paramount as healthcare incorporates these digital technologies.
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridgesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes several studies that have been conducted on widening existing concrete bridges. It describes a study from China that examined load distribution factors for a bridge widened with composite steel-concrete girders. It also outlines challenges and solutions for widening a bridge in the UAE, including replacing bearings and stitching the new and existing structures. Additionally, it discusses two bridge widening projects in New Zealand that involved adding precast beams and stitching to connect structures. Finally, safety measures and challenges for strengthening a historic bridge in Switzerland under live traffic are presented.
React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
The document describes the architecture of an educational technology web application built using the MERN stack. It discusses the frontend developed with ReactJS, backend with NodeJS and ExpressJS, and MongoDB database. The frontend provides dynamic user interfaces, while the backend offers APIs for authentication, course management, and other functions. MongoDB enables flexible data storage. The architecture aims to provide a scalable, responsive platform for online learning.
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to help implement objectives of India's National Education Policy (NEP) in the education sector. The paper discusses how blockchain could be used for secure student data management, credential verification, and decentralized learning platforms. IoT devices could create smart classrooms, automate attendance tracking, and enable real-time monitoring. Blockchain would ensure integrity of exam processes and resource allocation, while smart contracts automate agreements. The paper argues this integration has potential to revolutionize education by making it more secure, transparent and efficient, in alignment with NEP goals. However, challenges like infrastructure needs, data privacy, and collaborative efforts are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on the performance of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. It summarizes several studies that tested different volume fractions and lengths of coconut fibres in concrete mixtures with varying compressive strengths. The studies found that coconut fibre improved properties like tensile strength, toughness, crack resistance, and spalling resistance compared to plain concrete. Volume fractions of 2-5% and fibre lengths of 20-50mm produced the best results. The document concludes that using a 4-5% volume fraction of coconut fibres 30-40mm in length with M30-M60 grade concrete would provide benefits based on previous research.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses optimizing business management processes through automation using Microsoft Power Automate and artificial intelligence. It provides an overview of Power Automate's key components and features for automating workflows across various apps and services. The document then presents several scenarios applying automation solutions to common business processes like data entry, monitoring, HR, finance, customer support, and more. It estimates the potential time and cost savings from implementing automation for each scenario. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of AI and automation tools on business processes and the need for ongoing optimization.
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
The document describes the seismic design of a G+5 steel building frame located in Roorkee, India according to Indian codes IS 1893-2002 and IS 800. The frame was analyzed using the equivalent static load method and response spectrum method, and its response in terms of displacements and shear forces were compared. Based on the analysis, the frame was designed as a seismic-resistant steel structure according to IS 800:2007. The software STAAD Pro was used for the analysis and design.
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...IRJET Journal
This research paper explores using plastic waste as a sustainable and cost-effective construction material. The study focuses on manufacturing pavers and bricks using recycled plastic and partially replacing concrete with plastic alternatives. Initial results found that pavers and bricks made from recycled plastic demonstrate comparable strength and durability to traditional materials while providing environmental and cost benefits. Additionally, preliminary research indicates incorporating plastic waste as a partial concrete replacement significantly reduces construction costs without compromising structural integrity. The outcomes suggest adopting plastic waste in construction can address plastic pollution while optimizing costs, promoting more sustainable building practices.
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODELgerogepatton
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
Literature Review Basics and Understanding Reference Management.pptxDr Ramhari Poudyal
Three-day training on academic research focuses on analytical tools at United Technical College, supported by the University Grant Commission, Nepal. 24-26 May 2024
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressionsVictor Morales
K8sGPT is a tool that analyzes and diagnoses Kubernetes clusters. This presentation was used to share the requirements and dependencies to deploy K8sGPT in a local environment.