This document discusses various methods for rehabilitating asphalt pavements through recycling. It begins with an introduction to asphalt recycling and its advantages such as conservation of resources and reduced traffic disruption. Different recycling techniques are then outlined, including cold planning, full depth reclamation, cold in-place recycling, and hot in-place recycling. For each method, the key steps of the process are described. Examples of recycling projects in Pakistan are also provided.
The document discusses different methods for recycling pavements, including flexible and rigid pavements. For flexible pavements, it describes in-place hot and cold recycling processes as well as hot and cold central plant recycling. For rigid pavements, it discusses breaking, crushing and processing concrete to produce recycled concrete aggregate (RCA), which can be used in new concrete. It notes that recycling provides benefits like reduced costs, preservation of resources and the environment.
The document discusses the use of recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) in stone matrix asphalt mixes, with RAP replacements of 10%, 30%, and 50% tested. Laboratory tests such as the Marshall test and indirect tensile strength test were conducted on specimens to evaluate the performance of mixes with different RAP contents. The results of the tests were analyzed to determine the optimum RAP percentage for stone matrix asphalt based on strength and economic considerations.
This document discusses various methods and standards for measuring pavement surface characteristics like skid resistance and texture. It covers topics like factors that influence skid resistance, methods for measuring micro-texture and macro-texture, standards for measuring polished stone value, and devices for measuring skid resistance at different speeds. The summary provides an overview of the key methods and standards discussed in the document.
This document provides information on flexible pavement design and theory. It discusses the typical layers of a flexible pavement including the surface course, base course, and subgrade. It also outlines several factors that affect pavement design such as wheel load, climate, and material characteristics. Additionally, the document examines failures like fatigue cracking and rutting that pavement design aims to prevent. It provides guidance on mechanistic-empirical design as prescribed by the Indian Roads Congress.
The document provides information on pavement design, including different types of pavement structures and methods for designing asphalt and rigid pavements. It discusses asphalt pavement design using the AASHTO 1993 method, which involves determining the structural number required based on factors like traffic loading, material properties, and desired service life. It also outlines the rigid pavement design method, touching on considerations like soil properties, material selection, thickness design, drainage, and reinforcement.
Mix design practice (bituminous mix) ce 463abhay mishra
The document discusses various methods for designing bituminous mixes, including the Marshall, Hveem, and Modified Hubbard-Field methods. The objective of bituminous mix design is to determine an optimal blend of aggregates and bitumen that provides sufficient bitumen for durability while maintaining stability, voids, and other properties to meet traffic and weather demands. Key steps involve preparing trial mixtures, testing stability and voids, and analyzing results to select the design bitumen content.
Progress Assessment of Pavement Management SystemsAgileAssets Inc.
The Session will start with a brief history of ICMPA conferences. After that, speakers will present
in detail the history and development of Pavement Management Systems (PMS), the lessons
learned and based on this experience, how to produce betters PMS.
The document discusses different methods for recycling pavements, including flexible and rigid pavements. For flexible pavements, it describes in-place hot and cold recycling processes as well as hot and cold central plant recycling. For rigid pavements, it discusses breaking, crushing and processing concrete to produce recycled concrete aggregate (RCA), which can be used in new concrete. It notes that recycling provides benefits like reduced costs, preservation of resources and the environment.
The document discusses the use of recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) in stone matrix asphalt mixes, with RAP replacements of 10%, 30%, and 50% tested. Laboratory tests such as the Marshall test and indirect tensile strength test were conducted on specimens to evaluate the performance of mixes with different RAP contents. The results of the tests were analyzed to determine the optimum RAP percentage for stone matrix asphalt based on strength and economic considerations.
This document discusses various methods and standards for measuring pavement surface characteristics like skid resistance and texture. It covers topics like factors that influence skid resistance, methods for measuring micro-texture and macro-texture, standards for measuring polished stone value, and devices for measuring skid resistance at different speeds. The summary provides an overview of the key methods and standards discussed in the document.
This document provides information on flexible pavement design and theory. It discusses the typical layers of a flexible pavement including the surface course, base course, and subgrade. It also outlines several factors that affect pavement design such as wheel load, climate, and material characteristics. Additionally, the document examines failures like fatigue cracking and rutting that pavement design aims to prevent. It provides guidance on mechanistic-empirical design as prescribed by the Indian Roads Congress.
The document provides information on pavement design, including different types of pavement structures and methods for designing asphalt and rigid pavements. It discusses asphalt pavement design using the AASHTO 1993 method, which involves determining the structural number required based on factors like traffic loading, material properties, and desired service life. It also outlines the rigid pavement design method, touching on considerations like soil properties, material selection, thickness design, drainage, and reinforcement.
Mix design practice (bituminous mix) ce 463abhay mishra
The document discusses various methods for designing bituminous mixes, including the Marshall, Hveem, and Modified Hubbard-Field methods. The objective of bituminous mix design is to determine an optimal blend of aggregates and bitumen that provides sufficient bitumen for durability while maintaining stability, voids, and other properties to meet traffic and weather demands. Key steps involve preparing trial mixtures, testing stability and voids, and analyzing results to select the design bitumen content.
Progress Assessment of Pavement Management SystemsAgileAssets Inc.
The Session will start with a brief history of ICMPA conferences. After that, speakers will present
in detail the history and development of Pavement Management Systems (PMS), the lessons
learned and based on this experience, how to produce betters PMS.
Performance Evaluation of Hot Mix Asphalt with Recycled Asphalt Pavement usin...Basavaraj
Performance Evaluation of Hot Mix Asphalt with Recycled Asphalt Pavement using Rejuvenator.
Rejuvenator enhances the binder properties of ecycled asphalt and gives good results.
maintenance and rehabilitation of pavements by Roshan .pptRoshani Shahi
The document discusses various aspects of pavement maintenance and rehabilitation. It begins by defining key terms like preventive maintenance, corrective maintenance, pavement preservation, and pavement rehabilitation. It then provides more details on concepts like pavement life cycle, condition assessment using indices, and the benefits of pavement management. The document also describes techniques for evaluating pavement structure and condition, such as non-destructive testing and deflection studies. Finally, it discusses rehabilitation strategies like thin overlays, cold in-place recycling, and full depth reclamation.
This document discusses different types of traffic speed studies including spot speed studies, travel time studies, and speed delay studies. It then provides details on specific objectives, scope, and methods of conducting traffic speed studies. The document presents data from a traffic speed study conducted at two intersections in Dhaka, including spot speeds, histograms, frequency and cumulative frequency curves. It analyzes the data to determine weighted average speed, pace, modal speed and compares time mean speed to space mean speed based on the Wardrop relationship. Finally, it calculates delay time, value of travel time and vehicle operating costs.
This document is a summer intern project report on bituminous (asphalt) roads submitted by Shubham Paliwal to GLA University. It discusses the key steps in bituminous road construction including preparing the base, applying a tack coat, laying down the asphalt concrete layer, and compacting it. It also covers materials used like aggregates, asphalt, and tests performed on samples like flakiness index and bitumen extraction tests. The report provides an overview of bituminous road technology and construction methods.
This document provides an overview of the IRC method for designing flexible pavements according to IRC: 37-2012. It discusses the key considerations and calculations involved, including design traffic, subgrade properties like CBR and resilient modulus, material properties, and traffic data collection. The goal is to design a flexible pavement for a new four-lane divided national highway using the IRC guidelines and given traffic and material property data.
This document provides an overview of cold in-place recycling (CIR) including what it is, when it should be used, the basic process, examples of projects, and benefits. CIR involves pulverizing and treating existing asphalt pavement with additives like cement and foamed asphalt to produce a recycled pavement layer without heating. It can be used to rehabilitate roads instead of more expensive removal and replacement. The process involves milling, mixing, compacting, and then usually overlaying the recycled layer. CIR provides benefits like cost savings up to 40%, reduced construction time, and less traffic impacts compared to conventional road rehabilitation.
Capacity & Level of Service: Highways & Signalized Intersections (Indo-HCM)Vijai Krishnan V
The document discusses capacity and level of service analysis for highways and signalized intersections using the Indian Highway Capacity Manual (Indo-HCM) methodology. It provides an overview of the Indo-HCM framework, compares it to the US Highway Capacity Manual, and presents step-by-step calculations for determining the capacity and level of service of highways using the Indo-HCM approach. A sample problem is also included to demonstrate the application of the Indo-HCM methodology.
This document provides a summary of different types of bituminous pavement constructions and methods. It describes 12 types of constructions including interface treatment, bituminous surface dressing, seal coat, penetration macadam, built-up spray grout, bituminous macadam, bituminous premixed carpet, bituminous concrete, sheet asphalt, and mastic asphalt. It also discusses two methods of construction - hot-mix and cold-mix methods. The document serves as a guide for understanding the various techniques used for bituminous pavement projects.
Traffic engineering deals with applying scientific principles and techniques to facilitate the safe, efficient movement of people and goods. It aims to achieve free flow of traffic with minimal accidents. Key aspects studied include traffic characteristics, volumes, speeds, origins/destinations, flow, capacity, parking, and accidents. Data is collected through surveys and analysis informs planning, design, operation, and management of road infrastructure.
The document traces the evolution of roads from early footpaths that were formed by repeated human and animal use to the development of modern paved roads. It discusses how the invention of the wheel led to a need for hard-surfaced roads to allow travel during wet conditions. The first paved roads were developed around 4000 BC in Mesopotamia. The Romans are noted as pioneering large-scale road construction, building thousands of kilometers of straight, well-engineered roads across their empire. Later engineers like Tresaguet, Metcalf, and Telford improved road design through innovations like using smaller stones, improving drainage, and developing stronger foundations. Macadam's road construction method gained prominence for its scientific approach.
The document provides an overview of the construction of cement concrete roads by the Public Works Department. It discusses the types of pavements including flexible, semi-rigid and rigid concrete pavements. It describes the materials used like cement, sand, aggregate and their proportions. It outlines the procedure for constructing concrete pavement which involves preparation of subgrade, formwork, mixing concrete, placing, compaction, curing and joint filling. It also discusses cost analysis and concludes with the advantages of concrete roads over other pavement types.
The document discusses the design of a flexible pavement for a proposed 25 km expressway from Bandar A to Bandar B. It provides information on the differences between flexible and rigid pavements. It then outlines the traffic data and estimated traffic loads for the expressway of 3.9 million ESALs over 10 years. Resilient modulus values are provided for the pavement layers. Using the AASHTO design method and chart, structural numbers are calculated for three subgrade resilient modulus scenarios. The pavement thicknesses are then determined, with the asphalt layer being 5.5 inches, base layer 8 inches, and subgrade layer 10 inches.
This document contains information from a traffic study conducted at Shahid Tajuddin Ahmed Avenue in Dhaka, Bangladesh. A group of 6 students conducted manual traffic counts over two 15-minute periods in both directions at the location. They classified over 2000 vehicles and calculated passenger car equivalents, directional distribution, hourly flow rates, and average daily traffic. Their analysis found the directional split to be 54% from Shatrasta to the flyover and 46% from the flyover to Shatrasta. Peak hourly flows were around 2000 passenger car units in each direction. This traffic study provides data to understand volume, composition, and flow patterns at this location.
Traffic engineering is a branch of civil engineering that uses techniques to achieve the safe and efficient movement of people and goods on roadways. It deals with applying scientific principles and tools for safe, rapid, economical traffic flow. The basic goal is efficient traffic flow with few accidents. Traffic engineering can be divided into sections including traffic characteristics, studies and analysis, operation and control, planning and analysis, geometric design, and administration. Traffic characteristics include road user characteristics like physical and mental traits, and vehicular characteristics like dimensions, weight, speed and braking. Traffic studies collect data on volumes, speeds, origins-destinations and accidents. Control devices include signs, signals and markings to regulate traffic.
This document discusses using crumb rubber from waste tires in asphalt pavement. It begins with an introduction that notes the large volume of waste tires produced globally each year and the environmental issues with current disposal methods. The objectives are then stated as utilizing waste rubber in flexible pavement construction to reduce costs and natural resource usage. Various materials used are described, including aggregates, asphalt, and crumb rubber. Testing conducted on the materials is summarized. A literature review covers several papers on using crumb rubber in asphalt mixes. The methodology section outlines the test specimens prepared with different percentages of crumb rubber added. Marshall stability tests are then used to evaluate the mixtures and determine the optimal crumb rubber content.
Spot speed studies involve measuring the instantaneous speeds of vehicles at a point on the road. There are two main methods - measuring the time taken to travel a short distance or using a radar speed meter. Spot speeds are useful for traffic planning, road design, setting speed limits, and accident analysis. The radar method is efficient as it can instantly and automatically measure and record speeds accurately. Time-mean speed is the average of all instantaneous speeds measured, while space-mean speed represents the average speed of all vehicles traveling along a road section. Spot speed studies provide important input for various traffic engineering problems.
Rubberized concrete project of final year B.techNagendra Sah
Concrete is most widely used building material in the world, as well as the largest user of natural resources with annual consumption of 12.6 billion.so we have selected project that was based on concrete and our project is about RUBBER CONCRETE . Materials used were cement, fine aggregate , coarse aggregate ,rubber powder , fly ash , glass fiber , super plasticizer. Hence we in this project aimed to study effectiveness of rubber as substitute of fine aggregate and Utilization of Fly ash & Glass fiber were included for economical and increasing the strength of the concrete.
KEYWORDS: Tyre rubber power ,flyash, glass fiber, compressive, split tensile and flexural strength
The document discusses various aspects of traffic regulation and control including driver controls, vehicle controls, traffic flow regulations, and general controls as per the Motor Vehicle Act. It describes different types of traffic control devices like signs, signals, markings, and islands. Specific topics covered include one-way streets, advantages and disadvantages of one-way systems, types of regulatory signs like stop, give way, prohibitory, no parking signs. Warning and informative signs are also explained.
This document discusses recycling asphalt pavements. It begins by noting the increased demand for aggregates due to growth in infrastructure and the benefits of recycling asphalt pavements from an economic and environmental perspective by reducing waste and preserving resources. The document then reviews different methods of recycling asphalt pavements, including hot mix recycling using new aggregates and asphalt cement or recycling agents. It discusses the need to study recycling demolished asphalt materials in India to optimize natural resource use. The objectives are outlined as using recycled material for various purposes after testing. Future work is aimed at evaluating the effects of using recycled asphalt material compared to virgin materials.
IRJET- Review on Mix Design of Emulsion Treated Reclaimed Asphalt PavementIRJET Journal
This document reviews different methods for recycling reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and discusses the mix design of emulsion treated RAP. It begins by describing five common RAP recycling methods: hot mix plant recycling, hot in-place recycling, cold mix plant recycling, cold in-place recycling, and full depth reclamation recycling. It then discusses a specific project in India that used full depth reclamation to recycle existing asphalt up to 200mm depth, treating it with emulsion in a warm mix asphalt plant. The objectives of the project were to replace virgin aggregates and preserve the environment through a cost-effective and environmentally friendly mix. Finally, the document reviews several other studies that examined mix designs using
Performance Evaluation of Hot Mix Asphalt with Recycled Asphalt Pavement usin...Basavaraj
Performance Evaluation of Hot Mix Asphalt with Recycled Asphalt Pavement using Rejuvenator.
Rejuvenator enhances the binder properties of ecycled asphalt and gives good results.
maintenance and rehabilitation of pavements by Roshan .pptRoshani Shahi
The document discusses various aspects of pavement maintenance and rehabilitation. It begins by defining key terms like preventive maintenance, corrective maintenance, pavement preservation, and pavement rehabilitation. It then provides more details on concepts like pavement life cycle, condition assessment using indices, and the benefits of pavement management. The document also describes techniques for evaluating pavement structure and condition, such as non-destructive testing and deflection studies. Finally, it discusses rehabilitation strategies like thin overlays, cold in-place recycling, and full depth reclamation.
This document discusses different types of traffic speed studies including spot speed studies, travel time studies, and speed delay studies. It then provides details on specific objectives, scope, and methods of conducting traffic speed studies. The document presents data from a traffic speed study conducted at two intersections in Dhaka, including spot speeds, histograms, frequency and cumulative frequency curves. It analyzes the data to determine weighted average speed, pace, modal speed and compares time mean speed to space mean speed based on the Wardrop relationship. Finally, it calculates delay time, value of travel time and vehicle operating costs.
This document is a summer intern project report on bituminous (asphalt) roads submitted by Shubham Paliwal to GLA University. It discusses the key steps in bituminous road construction including preparing the base, applying a tack coat, laying down the asphalt concrete layer, and compacting it. It also covers materials used like aggregates, asphalt, and tests performed on samples like flakiness index and bitumen extraction tests. The report provides an overview of bituminous road technology and construction methods.
This document provides an overview of the IRC method for designing flexible pavements according to IRC: 37-2012. It discusses the key considerations and calculations involved, including design traffic, subgrade properties like CBR and resilient modulus, material properties, and traffic data collection. The goal is to design a flexible pavement for a new four-lane divided national highway using the IRC guidelines and given traffic and material property data.
This document provides an overview of cold in-place recycling (CIR) including what it is, when it should be used, the basic process, examples of projects, and benefits. CIR involves pulverizing and treating existing asphalt pavement with additives like cement and foamed asphalt to produce a recycled pavement layer without heating. It can be used to rehabilitate roads instead of more expensive removal and replacement. The process involves milling, mixing, compacting, and then usually overlaying the recycled layer. CIR provides benefits like cost savings up to 40%, reduced construction time, and less traffic impacts compared to conventional road rehabilitation.
Capacity & Level of Service: Highways & Signalized Intersections (Indo-HCM)Vijai Krishnan V
The document discusses capacity and level of service analysis for highways and signalized intersections using the Indian Highway Capacity Manual (Indo-HCM) methodology. It provides an overview of the Indo-HCM framework, compares it to the US Highway Capacity Manual, and presents step-by-step calculations for determining the capacity and level of service of highways using the Indo-HCM approach. A sample problem is also included to demonstrate the application of the Indo-HCM methodology.
This document provides a summary of different types of bituminous pavement constructions and methods. It describes 12 types of constructions including interface treatment, bituminous surface dressing, seal coat, penetration macadam, built-up spray grout, bituminous macadam, bituminous premixed carpet, bituminous concrete, sheet asphalt, and mastic asphalt. It also discusses two methods of construction - hot-mix and cold-mix methods. The document serves as a guide for understanding the various techniques used for bituminous pavement projects.
Traffic engineering deals with applying scientific principles and techniques to facilitate the safe, efficient movement of people and goods. It aims to achieve free flow of traffic with minimal accidents. Key aspects studied include traffic characteristics, volumes, speeds, origins/destinations, flow, capacity, parking, and accidents. Data is collected through surveys and analysis informs planning, design, operation, and management of road infrastructure.
The document traces the evolution of roads from early footpaths that were formed by repeated human and animal use to the development of modern paved roads. It discusses how the invention of the wheel led to a need for hard-surfaced roads to allow travel during wet conditions. The first paved roads were developed around 4000 BC in Mesopotamia. The Romans are noted as pioneering large-scale road construction, building thousands of kilometers of straight, well-engineered roads across their empire. Later engineers like Tresaguet, Metcalf, and Telford improved road design through innovations like using smaller stones, improving drainage, and developing stronger foundations. Macadam's road construction method gained prominence for its scientific approach.
The document provides an overview of the construction of cement concrete roads by the Public Works Department. It discusses the types of pavements including flexible, semi-rigid and rigid concrete pavements. It describes the materials used like cement, sand, aggregate and their proportions. It outlines the procedure for constructing concrete pavement which involves preparation of subgrade, formwork, mixing concrete, placing, compaction, curing and joint filling. It also discusses cost analysis and concludes with the advantages of concrete roads over other pavement types.
The document discusses the design of a flexible pavement for a proposed 25 km expressway from Bandar A to Bandar B. It provides information on the differences between flexible and rigid pavements. It then outlines the traffic data and estimated traffic loads for the expressway of 3.9 million ESALs over 10 years. Resilient modulus values are provided for the pavement layers. Using the AASHTO design method and chart, structural numbers are calculated for three subgrade resilient modulus scenarios. The pavement thicknesses are then determined, with the asphalt layer being 5.5 inches, base layer 8 inches, and subgrade layer 10 inches.
This document contains information from a traffic study conducted at Shahid Tajuddin Ahmed Avenue in Dhaka, Bangladesh. A group of 6 students conducted manual traffic counts over two 15-minute periods in both directions at the location. They classified over 2000 vehicles and calculated passenger car equivalents, directional distribution, hourly flow rates, and average daily traffic. Their analysis found the directional split to be 54% from Shatrasta to the flyover and 46% from the flyover to Shatrasta. Peak hourly flows were around 2000 passenger car units in each direction. This traffic study provides data to understand volume, composition, and flow patterns at this location.
Traffic engineering is a branch of civil engineering that uses techniques to achieve the safe and efficient movement of people and goods on roadways. It deals with applying scientific principles and tools for safe, rapid, economical traffic flow. The basic goal is efficient traffic flow with few accidents. Traffic engineering can be divided into sections including traffic characteristics, studies and analysis, operation and control, planning and analysis, geometric design, and administration. Traffic characteristics include road user characteristics like physical and mental traits, and vehicular characteristics like dimensions, weight, speed and braking. Traffic studies collect data on volumes, speeds, origins-destinations and accidents. Control devices include signs, signals and markings to regulate traffic.
This document discusses using crumb rubber from waste tires in asphalt pavement. It begins with an introduction that notes the large volume of waste tires produced globally each year and the environmental issues with current disposal methods. The objectives are then stated as utilizing waste rubber in flexible pavement construction to reduce costs and natural resource usage. Various materials used are described, including aggregates, asphalt, and crumb rubber. Testing conducted on the materials is summarized. A literature review covers several papers on using crumb rubber in asphalt mixes. The methodology section outlines the test specimens prepared with different percentages of crumb rubber added. Marshall stability tests are then used to evaluate the mixtures and determine the optimal crumb rubber content.
Spot speed studies involve measuring the instantaneous speeds of vehicles at a point on the road. There are two main methods - measuring the time taken to travel a short distance or using a radar speed meter. Spot speeds are useful for traffic planning, road design, setting speed limits, and accident analysis. The radar method is efficient as it can instantly and automatically measure and record speeds accurately. Time-mean speed is the average of all instantaneous speeds measured, while space-mean speed represents the average speed of all vehicles traveling along a road section. Spot speed studies provide important input for various traffic engineering problems.
Rubberized concrete project of final year B.techNagendra Sah
Concrete is most widely used building material in the world, as well as the largest user of natural resources with annual consumption of 12.6 billion.so we have selected project that was based on concrete and our project is about RUBBER CONCRETE . Materials used were cement, fine aggregate , coarse aggregate ,rubber powder , fly ash , glass fiber , super plasticizer. Hence we in this project aimed to study effectiveness of rubber as substitute of fine aggregate and Utilization of Fly ash & Glass fiber were included for economical and increasing the strength of the concrete.
KEYWORDS: Tyre rubber power ,flyash, glass fiber, compressive, split tensile and flexural strength
The document discusses various aspects of traffic regulation and control including driver controls, vehicle controls, traffic flow regulations, and general controls as per the Motor Vehicle Act. It describes different types of traffic control devices like signs, signals, markings, and islands. Specific topics covered include one-way streets, advantages and disadvantages of one-way systems, types of regulatory signs like stop, give way, prohibitory, no parking signs. Warning and informative signs are also explained.
This document discusses recycling asphalt pavements. It begins by noting the increased demand for aggregates due to growth in infrastructure and the benefits of recycling asphalt pavements from an economic and environmental perspective by reducing waste and preserving resources. The document then reviews different methods of recycling asphalt pavements, including hot mix recycling using new aggregates and asphalt cement or recycling agents. It discusses the need to study recycling demolished asphalt materials in India to optimize natural resource use. The objectives are outlined as using recycled material for various purposes after testing. Future work is aimed at evaluating the effects of using recycled asphalt material compared to virgin materials.
IRJET- Review on Mix Design of Emulsion Treated Reclaimed Asphalt PavementIRJET Journal
This document reviews different methods for recycling reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and discusses the mix design of emulsion treated RAP. It begins by describing five common RAP recycling methods: hot mix plant recycling, hot in-place recycling, cold mix plant recycling, cold in-place recycling, and full depth reclamation recycling. It then discusses a specific project in India that used full depth reclamation to recycle existing asphalt up to 200mm depth, treating it with emulsion in a warm mix asphalt plant. The objectives of the project were to replace virgin aggregates and preserve the environment through a cost-effective and environmentally friendly mix. Finally, the document reviews several other studies that examined mix designs using
The document summarizes a seminar presentation on recycling asphalt pavements. It discusses various recycling methods including hot in-place recycling, cold in-place recycling, hot central plant recycling, and cold central plant recycling. It also reviews literature on pavement recycling and concludes that recycling reduces construction time and costs while lowering environmental impacts through reduced use of virgin materials.
IRJET- Modified Mix Design for Low Noise Asphalt Pavement with Recron FiberIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study on modified mix design for low noise asphalt pavement using Recron fiber. The study aimed to determine the properties of permeable asphalt pavement incorporating Recron fibers. Marshall stability tests were conducted on samples with varying fiber contents (0%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%) to determine the optimum fiber content. The results showed that stability increased with higher fiber content. Specifically, the 2% fiber content sample achieved the highest stability of 12.81 kN, indicating fibers improve the strength and durability of permeable asphalt pavement. The study concluded Recron fiber is a viable additive for enhancing the properties of low noise, permeable asphalt pavements.
Richard Steger, Platform Manger-Rehab, Ingevity, delivers a technical presentation on blanaced mix design and cracking test, addressing high-recycle content asphalt mixtures at the CalAPA Spring Asphalt Pavement Conference & Equipment Expo, April 12-13, 2017 in Ontario, Calif.
At the California Asphalt Pavement Association (CalAPA) Spring Asphalt Pavement Conference & Equipment Expo held on March 23-24, 2023 in Ontario, Calif., a presentation titled, "Caltrans Pavement Program – Incorporating Innovative and Proven Strategies for Sustainability and Efficiency" was delivered by
Cathrina Barros, P.E., Chief Office of Asphalt Pavements, Caltrans. Learn the latest from Caltrans on how Caltrans will update and publish future Standard books. Also, what changes should industry and agencies anticipate that will significantly change how pavements are constructed and accepted.
Structural design and economic evaluation of roller compacted concrete pavementSalih Taner YILDIRIM
Abut, Y., & Yildirim, S. T. (2017, October). Structural design and economic evaluation of roller compacted concrete pavement with recycled aggregates. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering (Vol. 245, No. 2, p. 022064). IOP Publishing.
This whitepaper discusses cold in-place recycling with expanded asphalt mix (CIR EAM/FOAM) technology. Some key points:
- CIR EAM/FOAM involves milling off a portion of an existing asphalt layer, mixing it with a recycling agent (like asphalt emulsion or foamed asphalt) and additives, then compacting it to form a new base layer.
- It has significant environmental benefits like reusing existing materials, reducing waste and transportation needs. It also uses less energy than other rehabilitation methods.
- Structurally, it improves the recycled layer and helps prevent reflective cracking. Strength develops quickly when using foamed asphalt.
Evaluation of strength and performance characteristics of cold mix bitumen us...IJLT EMAS
An attempted has been made to evaluate the strength
and performance characteristics of cold mix bitumen using
reclaimed asphalt. An experimental result obtained from
laboratory testing of the physical and mechanical parameters of
the recycled material, in which the material from the existing
pavement layers were analyses. The air void content, Marshall
stability and flow of the recycled mixtures were investigated. The
tests were performed on the road base mixtures incorporating
reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) with bituminous emulsion. It
was observed that the reclaimed asphalt was having impact
strength of 10%, crushing strength of 8.2%. It is significant to
note that the reclaimed aggregate which was subjected to loading
condition already was still showing very good strength properties.
The maximum stability obtained from optimum binder content
was 384 kg which is a very good value for a cold mix made up of
reclaimed asphalt aggregate. The flow value obtained was also
5.06 mm as observed. The aim of the tests was to evaluate the
properties of the mixes in terms of the recycled aggregates.
Satisfactory results were obtained.
Experimental investigations on the performance of bituminous mixes with recla...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
This document summarizes the use of recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) in flexible pavement constructions. It discusses that RAP is a component of modern waste management involving recycling old pavement materials. The document then outlines different methods of using RAP, including in hot and cold mix asphalt, full depth reclamation, and other pavement recycling techniques. It also reviews properties of RAP mixtures and highlights the economic and environmental benefits of using recycled asphalt pavement in road constructions.
Experimental investigation of rap modified asphalt binder and crushed rap ag...hsaam hsaam
This document presents an experimental investigation of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) modified asphalt binder and crushed RAP aggregates. The study evaluates the physical properties of asphalt binder mixed with RAP at various proportions (10-50%) and tests the effect on properties like penetration, softening point, ductility and specific gravity. Aggregate tests like Los Angeles abrasion, crushing, shape and impact value are also conducted on crushed RAP aggregates. The results of mixing RAP with virgin binder and using crushed aggregates are discussed to analyze the recycling of RAP materials and minimize waste disposal.
Eco friendly construction techniques are gaining immense importance nowadays. Many innovations have
come in pavement construction and design. The use of reclaimed aggregates in constructing pavements is
one among them. Reclaimed aggregates come mainly from two sources - construction & demolition waste
and asphalt pavements. The optimized use of reclaimed aggregates along with fresh aggregates helps
decrease construction cost without compromising strength and durability. It also minimizes the use of
virgin aggregate and helps decrease crude oil import for producing paving bitumen. Reclaimed material is
first crushed and screened before using. Tests are then conducted to analyse its properties. Only those
batches which satisfy standard conditions are used. Reclaimed aggregate pavements hence help pavement
rehabilitation with minimum energy expenditure. This paper deals with the tests on reclaimed aggregate
and their property study. The various sources and means of retrieving aggregate from reclaimed material
are also dealt with.
Presentation by Caltrans State Pavement Engineer Amarjeet Benipal at the California Asphalt Pavement Association Spring Conference April 25, 2013 in Ontario, CA.
Behavior of Hot Asphalt Mixture Modified with Carbon Nanotube and Reclaimed A...IRJET Journal
This document discusses using carbon nanotubes and reclaimed asphalt pavement to modify hot asphalt mixtures. It first provides background on using nanotechnology and recycled materials in pavement engineering to improve properties. It then discusses previous research on using carbon nanotubes and reclaimed asphalt pavement separately to enhance asphalt mixture performance. The study aims to investigate using both carbon nanotubes and reclaimed asphalt pavement together in hot mix asphalt to evaluate how it impacts Marshall test parameters like stability and flow.
Development of Recycled Aggregates In The Implementation ofthe Concrete:Liter...IJERA Editor
Civil engineering is rapidly evolving with the natural, political and environmental development. Due to
a shortage of natural resources, to sustainable development and environmental certificationsrequirements,
recycling of aggregates is increasingly valued.Research is done everywhere in the world (in 2016, more
than a hundred doctoral subjects were proposed in this sense) in order to normalize the use of recycled aggregates,
specify the domain and restrictionsof using concrete constructions design protocols based on recycled
aggregates.Since the 80s, researches are based on the type of the recycled (concrete aggregates,
remains aggregates , glass, rubbers…) and the percentage of it compared to natural aggregates to
study the influence on the basic characteristics of concrete..
The main characteristics studied are the porosity of the concrete, the tensile strength and the compressive
strength. In comparison with natural aggregates, concrete based on recycled aggregates has
lower resistance values of approximately 20% but has better thermal characteristics than about 5% .These
characteristics are basic for the dimensioning especially of the carrier elements so they are demanding
bettertechnical and experimental studies to determine the optimum proportion of recycled aggregates for use in
the preparation of concrete.
In Morocco, recycled aggregates, does not have any specific standards, and is used mainly in roads
and pavements construction. Even if it’s not normalized this use is not recent, in 1999 during the rehabilitation
of the expressway road from Casablanca which was severely damaged on both channels,
the authorities have opted for the reuse of aggregates instead of reloading the existing pavement with
a new one.
The chosen alternative combinesthe replacement of existing material by a bituminous mixture and a
cold instead reprocessing depending of differences of damage and requirement on the structural capacity for
slow and fast lanes.This paper, part of my doctoral research, discusses different aspects of the problem beginning
with a brief description of the advantages of recycling in all of the levels: social, economic… and a review
of the international and national standards in terms of construction and demolition waste generated, recycled
aggregates producedand their utilization in concrete. It also gives a benchmarking of the engineering properties
of recycled aggregates and concludes by proposing some market opportunities and development paths and potential
uses of recycled aggregates
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON UTILIZATION OF INDUSTRIAL WASTE IN CONCRETEIRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental study on utilizing industrial waste in concrete. Three key wastes were investigated: glass powder as a replacement for sand, rice husk ash and sugarcane bagasse ash as replacements for cement. Concrete mixtures with varying replacements of these wastes were tested to evaluate properties like compressive strength, permeability, and stress-strain behavior. The results showed improvements in properties like strength and reduced chloride penetration with certain waste replacements. Additionally, plastic waste was studied as a replacement for sand, finding increases in strength properties up to 40% replacement. The research aims to promote more sustainable use of industrial wastes in concrete production.
The document is a presentation about a training project at Pepsu Road Transport Corporation (PRTC) in Bathinda. It discusses the history of PRTC starting in 1956, features of PRTC including computerized ticketing and policies for different groups. It also describes the management system, fuel agreement with Indian Oil Corporation, transmission and emission control systems of PRTC buses. The presentation includes technical specifications of Ashok Leyland buses and details about a water jet washer project.
This document summarizes a study on the performance of pavements with various polymer-modified asphalt binders. Twelve full-scale pavement lanes were constructed at FHWA's Pavement Testing Facility in Virginia in 2002. The lanes contained different modified asphalt binders and were subjected to accelerated loading using two Accelerated Loading Facility machines to induce rutting and fatigue cracking. Rut testing at 64°C has been completed on all lanes, while fatigue testing at 19°C is underway. Pavement performance is being compared to binder and mixture test results to improve asphalt binder specifications for modified binders.
Bituminous Pavement Recycling – Effective Utilization of Depleting Non-Renewa...theijes
Bituminous pavement recycling is an effective and worldwide proven technique of conserving Energy, Environment and Economy while ensuring maintenance and preservation of roadway network. In the pavement recycling process, the materials from deteriorated pavements known as Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP), is partially or fully reused in fresh construction. The concept of RAP lies in restoring the physico-chemical properties of the aged bitumen to its original and at the same time to enhance the mechanical properties and strength of the aged binder. This paper gives a brief overview of various recycling methods of bituminous pavement including (1) Hot mix recycling, (3) Hot-in-place recycling, (3) Cold central plant recycling, (4) Coldin-place recycling, and (5) Full depth reclamation, their advantages, selection considerations, review of mix design procedure, unresolved issues related to their use and future scope in Indian context.
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Accident detection system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
The Rapid growth of technology and infrastructure has made our lives easier. The
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Many lives could have been saved if emergency service could get accident information and
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sensor can be used as a crash or rollover detector of the vehicle during and after a crash. With
signals from a piezo electric sensor, a severe accident can be recognized. According to this
project when a vehicle meets with an accident immediately piezo electric sensor will detect the
signal or if a car rolls over. Then with the help of GSM module and GPS module, the location
will be sent to the emergency contact. Then after conforming the location necessary action will
be taken. If the person meets with a small accident or if there is no serious threat to anyone’s
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Prediction of Electrical Energy Efficiency Using Information on Consumer's Ac...PriyankaKilaniya
Energy efficiency has been important since the latter part of the last century. The main object of this survey is to determine the energy efficiency knowledge among consumers. Two separate districts in Bangladesh are selected to conduct the survey on households and showrooms about the energy and seller also. The survey uses the data to find some regression equations from which it is easy to predict energy efficiency knowledge. The data is analyzed and calculated based on five important criteria. The initial target was to find some factors that help predict a person's energy efficiency knowledge. From the survey, it is found that the energy efficiency awareness among the people of our country is very low. Relationships between household energy use behaviors are estimated using a unique dataset of about 40 households and 20 showrooms in Bangladesh's Chapainawabganj and Bagerhat districts. Knowledge of energy consumption and energy efficiency technology options is found to be associated with household use of energy conservation practices. Household characteristics also influence household energy use behavior. Younger household cohorts are more likely to adopt energy-efficient technologies and energy conservation practices and place primary importance on energy saving for environmental reasons. Education also influences attitudes toward energy conservation in Bangladesh. Low-education households indicate they primarily save electricity for the environment while high-education households indicate they are motivated by environmental concerns.
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Existing Practice for Rehabilitation
For the rehabilitation process , existing practice is to mill the
pavement up to the required depth
After that the milled material is dumped at the dumping site.
Thus tons of material is wasted which can be reuse using different
recycling process
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Existing Practice for Rehabilitation
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Existing Practice for Rehabilitation
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Asphalt Pavement Recycling
Asphalt Pavement Recycling is one way to stretch
existing budgets to maintain, preserve, rehabilitate and
reconstruct more kilometers of roadways.
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Advantages of Asphalt
Recycling
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Advantages of Asphalt Recycling
Conservation of natural resources
Better pavement performance
Reduced traffic disruption, maintained pavement geometry and
thicknesses
Removes cracked and aged pavement layers
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Advantages of Asphalt Recycling
Improves pavement smoothness and cross‐slopes
Maintains curb heights, drainage inlets, and bridge clearances
Creates a rough texture that bonds better with the overlay
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Materials savings will depend on...
Virgin binder cost
Asphalt content of the mix design
Aggregate cost
RAP cost
Asphalt content of the RAP
Percentage of RAP
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Executive Summary of Maintenance /
Rehabilitation Expenditure on NHA Network
Serial No. Maintenance Activity Year
2007-08
Year
2008-09
Year
2009-10
1 Rehabilitation 1,416.55 2,248.23 4,413.93
2
Structural Overlay
(Periodic Maintenance)
1,637.92 1,898.59 1,425.70
3
Functional Overlay
(Periodic Maintenance)
1,676.43 1,812.60 1,973.12
4 Routine Maintenance 809.92 1,278.82 1,190.46
5 Highway Safety 410.00 469.0 650
6
Emergency Maintenance
Allocation
900.00 1,000.00 1,000.00
Total (1 to 6) Rs. Million 6,850.82 8,707.24 10,653.21
Network Length KM 9,893 11,569 11,897
Asphalt Production Cost Categories
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Energy Consumption Related to Road
Construction and Maintenance.
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Economical benefits
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RAP
(Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement)
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What is RAP
RAP= Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement
Removed and/or reprocessed pavement
materials containing:
binder (5%) and aggregates (95%)
Old asphalt pavement that has been removed
from the roadway by either full depth removal or
milling
High RAP is > 25% by weight of mix.
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RAP as a base material
Roughly equal to granular base with some additional value.
RAP as a Roadbeds
Value is roughly equal to granular
base Replacement Value Plus…
Reduced Haul if processed in place
Conservation of aggregate resources
Overall economics (Fuel Consumption
& Equip. Savings)
This historically accounted for the
largest recycling tonnage
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RAP used in Shoulders
Shoulders Value is greater than
granular material + increased structural
number.
Reduced Haul when processed and left
in place
Conservation of aggregate resources
Overall economic benefit and less
shoulder maintenance
Energy savings vs. paved shoulders
Safety of wider shoulder
RAP in new pavement
Replaces portion of expensive virgin binder and aggregate
Virgin aggregate + asphalt value
costs
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Use of Recycle Pavement in Pakistan
Hot-In-Place Recycling
In the initial instance, projects of Hot-In-Place Recycling were launched on
different locations of Motorway M-2 (M-2 Contract No 207-2006).
Hot Recycling Works on M-2 (Km 90 to 330), July 2007.
Cold In-Place Recycling was experimented on
Kharain–Rawalpindi Project (51 KM, Contract No 13),
Mian Channu-Sahiwal-Okara (72 Kms, Contract Package No.11b).
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Use of additives
Foamed Bitumen
Used as a binder for
Cold mixes with reclaimed Asphalt
pavement (RAP) materials.
Specialist surface dressing
Conventional cold mixes with good
quality or marginal aggregates
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Foamed bitumen
The product of hot bitumen meeting with
small amount of cold water ,
creating thin bubbles of bitumen to bond
with pulverized base materials.
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Emulsified Bitumen
A mixture of asphalt cement, water and emulsifying
agent (free flowing liquid at ordinary temperature).
These three constituents are fed simultaneously into
a colloid to produce extremely small globules (5-10µ)
of asphalt cement, which are suspended in water.
The emulsion contain about 50% - 65% bitumen.
Has low viscosity at ambient temperature, it
generally can be used without additional heat.
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Various Methods of Asphalt
Pavement Recycling
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Various Methods of Asphalt Pavement
Recycling
To describe the various asphalt recycling methods, six
broad categories have been defined by Asphalt Recycling
and Reclaiming Association (ARRA), U.S. Department of
Transportation, Federal Highway, Administration.
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Cold Planning (CP)
Cold planning is the controlled removal of an existing
pavement to a desired depth, longitudinal profile, and
cross-slope, using specially designed equipment. The
resulting textured surface can be immediately used as a
driving surface, can be further treated with one of the other
asphalt recycling methods, or once cleaned and tack coated,
overlaid with HMA or recycled mix. In addition, CP can be
used to roughen or texture pavements to restore low
friction numbers and eliminate slipperiness.
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Hot Mix Asphalt Recycling (Central Plant)
Hot recycling in central plant is the process of removing the
existing pavement, combining RAP with new or “virgin”
aggregates, new asphalt binder, and/or recycling agents (as
required) in a central plant to produce a recycled mix. Hot
recycling of RAP currently is the most widely used asphalt
recycling method in the world.
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Cold Mix Asphalt Recycling (Central Plant)
In this process RAP material is mixed with new asphalt binder
and new aggregate (if needed) to produce cold, recycled mix
without application of heat. Recycled mix is produced at a
central location using a stationary clod mix plant. The cold
central plant recycling mix can be used immediately or it can
be stockpiled for later use in such applications as maintenance
blade patching or pothole repair.
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Full Depth Reclamation (FDR)
The recycling method where all of an asphalt pavement section, and
a predetermined amount of underlying materials, are treated to
produce a stabilized base course. In this process existing pavement is
pulverized, introduce additive and mix, mixed material are compacted
and a wearing course is finally applied on it.
Distresses and problems like loss of bonding between pavement
layers, stripping loss of surface integrity due to raveling, potholes,
bleeding, excessive shoulder drop off, inadequate structural capacity
are effectively treated with this method.
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Cold In-place Recycling (CIR)
In this process existing pavement materials are removed,
mixed with stabilizing agents, virgin materials (if required) and
reused in place. Cold in-place recycling is undertaken on site
and generally uses 100 percent of the RAP generated during
the process.
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Cold in-place Recycling
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CIR Train at work
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Hot In-place Recycling (HIR)
In this process existing asphalt surface is heated, soften and
scarified to a depth, typically from 20 to 60 mm (25 mm most
common). Scarified material is combined with virgin aggregates,
asphalt binder, and/or recycling agent on the requirement basis
and finally compacted.
Mostly surface defects i.e. Raveling, Potholes, Bleeding, Friction
number, Rutting, Corrugations, Shoving, Slippage, longitudinal
transverse and reflection cracking, poor ride quality caused by
swells, bumps, sags, and depressions are effectively treated with
this method of recycling.
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