The document provides an overview of advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) with three key points:
1. ADAS uses sensors like cameras and radar to help drivers and can detect things like lane departure, pedestrians, and oncoming collisions. This helps improve safety.
2. ADAS systems are classified as passive (warn drivers) or active (intervene in vehicle control). Examples of each are given.
3. The building blocks of ADAS including sensors, vehicle control, and processing are described. This technology is important for developing more autonomous vehicles.
This document outlines various safety standards for vehicles from different organizations. It includes standards for frontal impact, bumpers, side impact protection, rear impact, headrests, seats, pedestrian protection, steering columns, roof crush resistance, and rollover protection. The standards are from the FMVSS (Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards) in the US, ECE (Economic Commission for Europe) regulations, and AIS (Abbreviated Injury Scale) assessments.
The document discusses electronic stability control systems in vehicles. Electronic stability control regulates engine power and braking to individual wheels to control stability. It summarizes that modern vehicles use multiple controllers rather than a single controller, with a power train control module coordinating various controllers for sections like chassis, body electronics, driver information, powertrain, and safety systems. Networking allows the controllers to share sensor information and work as a unit.
This document discusses various automobile safety systems. It begins by introducing automobile safety and some early studies on improving vehicle safety through seat belts and padded dashboards. It then describes several key active and passive safety systems used in modern vehicles, including airbags, seat belts, anti-lock braking systems, collision warning systems, blind spot detectors, electronic stability control, and cruise control. For each system, it provides a brief explanation of its purpose and functioning to enhance road safety and prevent injuries during accidents.
Auto pilot mode technology in vehicles by zacknaveen thamada
The document discusses various technologies that enable autonomous vehicle control. It describes how driverless cars can detect traffic lights using sensors to read light intensities and control the vehicle accordingly. Key technologies that allow for more autonomous functions include anti-lock brakes, electronic stability control, cruise control, lane departure warning systems, and automated guided vehicle systems. The control of vehicles is increasingly handled by computers that receive driver inputs rather than direct mechanical control. Overall, these technologies aim to minimize accidents by reducing driver error.
This document discusses automotive electronic systems and the various sensors used in modern vehicles. It begins by outlining several disciplines in automotive engineering such as safety, fuel economy, vehicle dynamics, and vehicle electronics. It then provides more details on specific sensors used for functions like engine monitoring, driver information, safety, and vehicle control. These include oxygen, oil, fuel level, speed, and temperature sensors. The document also discusses emerging in-vehicle networks used to connect electronic components and the various protocols used, including CAN, LIN, FlexRay, and MOST. It outlines the need for advanced sensor technologies and networking to enable more autonomous vehicle features in the future.
Optimization for Frontal Impact under section FMVSS-208 and IIHS criteria in which analysis carried on Fixed barrier with 100%, 40% collision and small offset rigid barrier with 25% collision. Done simulation to see how well a passenger vehicle would protect its occupants in the event of a serious real-world frontal crash.
This document provides an overview of electronic control units (ECUs) in automobiles. It describes what an ECU is, its basic hardware components including a microprocessor and sensors, and how it operates using closed-loop control to monitor sensor outputs and control engine inputs. The document also discusses the AUTOSAR architecture for standardized ECU software, and some applications of ECUs like engine mapping and anti-lock braking systems. It notes challenges in designing robust ECUs that can withstand vehicle vibrations and temperature variations.
Cruise control & Adaptive Cruise ControlANAND THAKKAR
Cruise control systems maintain a set driving speed without driver intervention. Modern systems use electronic throttle control and sensors to monitor speed. When engaged, the cruise control actuator adjusts the throttle linkage to accelerate or decelerate the vehicle as needed to keep the set speed. Drivers can set the speed and engage/disengage cruise control using buttons on the steering wheel or controls on the turn signal stalk. Cruise control benefits long highway drives but has limitations in varying traffic or weather conditions where maintaining a constant speed is difficult.
This document outlines various safety standards for vehicles from different organizations. It includes standards for frontal impact, bumpers, side impact protection, rear impact, headrests, seats, pedestrian protection, steering columns, roof crush resistance, and rollover protection. The standards are from the FMVSS (Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards) in the US, ECE (Economic Commission for Europe) regulations, and AIS (Abbreviated Injury Scale) assessments.
The document discusses electronic stability control systems in vehicles. Electronic stability control regulates engine power and braking to individual wheels to control stability. It summarizes that modern vehicles use multiple controllers rather than a single controller, with a power train control module coordinating various controllers for sections like chassis, body electronics, driver information, powertrain, and safety systems. Networking allows the controllers to share sensor information and work as a unit.
This document discusses various automobile safety systems. It begins by introducing automobile safety and some early studies on improving vehicle safety through seat belts and padded dashboards. It then describes several key active and passive safety systems used in modern vehicles, including airbags, seat belts, anti-lock braking systems, collision warning systems, blind spot detectors, electronic stability control, and cruise control. For each system, it provides a brief explanation of its purpose and functioning to enhance road safety and prevent injuries during accidents.
Auto pilot mode technology in vehicles by zacknaveen thamada
The document discusses various technologies that enable autonomous vehicle control. It describes how driverless cars can detect traffic lights using sensors to read light intensities and control the vehicle accordingly. Key technologies that allow for more autonomous functions include anti-lock brakes, electronic stability control, cruise control, lane departure warning systems, and automated guided vehicle systems. The control of vehicles is increasingly handled by computers that receive driver inputs rather than direct mechanical control. Overall, these technologies aim to minimize accidents by reducing driver error.
This document discusses automotive electronic systems and the various sensors used in modern vehicles. It begins by outlining several disciplines in automotive engineering such as safety, fuel economy, vehicle dynamics, and vehicle electronics. It then provides more details on specific sensors used for functions like engine monitoring, driver information, safety, and vehicle control. These include oxygen, oil, fuel level, speed, and temperature sensors. The document also discusses emerging in-vehicle networks used to connect electronic components and the various protocols used, including CAN, LIN, FlexRay, and MOST. It outlines the need for advanced sensor technologies and networking to enable more autonomous vehicle features in the future.
Optimization for Frontal Impact under section FMVSS-208 and IIHS criteria in which analysis carried on Fixed barrier with 100%, 40% collision and small offset rigid barrier with 25% collision. Done simulation to see how well a passenger vehicle would protect its occupants in the event of a serious real-world frontal crash.
This document provides an overview of electronic control units (ECUs) in automobiles. It describes what an ECU is, its basic hardware components including a microprocessor and sensors, and how it operates using closed-loop control to monitor sensor outputs and control engine inputs. The document also discusses the AUTOSAR architecture for standardized ECU software, and some applications of ECUs like engine mapping and anti-lock braking systems. It notes challenges in designing robust ECUs that can withstand vehicle vibrations and temperature variations.
Cruise control & Adaptive Cruise ControlANAND THAKKAR
Cruise control systems maintain a set driving speed without driver intervention. Modern systems use electronic throttle control and sensors to monitor speed. When engaged, the cruise control actuator adjusts the throttle linkage to accelerate or decelerate the vehicle as needed to keep the set speed. Drivers can set the speed and engage/disengage cruise control using buttons on the steering wheel or controls on the turn signal stalk. Cruise control benefits long highway drives but has limitations in varying traffic or weather conditions where maintaining a constant speed is difficult.
The document discusses idle start/stop (I3S) technology, which automatically shuts off an engine when the vehicle is idling and restarts it when needed. This saves fuel and reduces emissions. I3S was first developed in the 1960s and is now used widely in vehicles around the world. It can reduce fuel consumption and carbon dioxide emissions by 5-10% in city driving. While it helps reduce greenhouse gases, some vehicle functions may not work when the engine is off and it requires a special battery. The conclusion is that I3S will be standard in over 50% of new vehicles after 2013 as it is a key technology for meeting stricter emissions regulations.
This document summarizes the capabilities of seat evaluation simulations including frontal/rear impact, seatbelt anchorage tests, child restraint systems, head restraint strength, and other tests. The simulations use standardized procedures and load cases to evaluate compliance with standards. Comprehensive reports are generated identifying critical areas, displacement/stress outputs, and countermeasures. Correlation with physical test results is also provided.
This document discusses self-driving or autonomous vehicles. It provides an introduction to autonomous cars and their ability to sense surroundings using sensors and computer vision. The document outlines some of the technologies used in autonomous vehicles, including radar, lidar, GPS, cameras, ultrasonic sensors and more. It describes how components like ABS, electronic stability control, adaptive high beams, night vision and parking sensors contribute to autonomous functionality. The document discusses advantages such as reduced accidents and improved mobility for disabled/elderly, as well as disadvantages including job loss and hacking risks. It concludes that autonomous vehicles could significantly reduce traffic and avoid accidents by 2020.
Three sentences summarizing the document:
The document discusses vehicle safety evaluation and certification processes. It covers crash worthiness testing and reviews of accident data, and provides details on various safety standards and regulations regarding occupant protection, crash testing facilities, and crash dummies. Terminology related to crashworthiness is defined.
Idle start stop system( i3s) in India Aditya DeshpandeAditya Deshpande
Idle start stop system( i3s) in India- for two wheeler introduced for curbing pollution problem by automatically switching off engine at idle and starting with the help of clutch thus saving fuel
Just what is that thing on top of the Google Car? What does adaptive cruise control with lane assist mean? When are these things going to be ready? The answer to these questions and more in a technology overview that unravels just how these vehicles are going to work. Presented at the 2017 D-STOP Symposium.
This document discusses active suspension systems for vehicles. It provides information on different types of active suspension technologies used by various car manufacturers. These include magnetic ride control used in Cadillacs, electronic air suspension in Range Rovers, and active body control in Mercedes Benz cars. The document also covers quarter car models, optimal control approaches like LQR control, and active suspension control strategies. Key active suspension technologies are described in detail, including how they work and their benefits in improving ride comfort and vehicle handling.
Advanced driver assistance systems are designed to increase car safety and road safety overall. They help the driver in the driving process to enable safe and relaxed driving. Some examples of driver assistance systems that maximize safety include antilock braking systems, adaptive cruise control, blind spot detection, driver drowsiness detection, electronic stability control, emergency braking systems, hill descent control, intelligent speed assistance, lane departure warning systems, pedestrian detection, rear cross traffic alert, and traffic sign recognition. These systems alert drivers to hazards, help maintain safe distances and speeds, and in some cases automatically apply brakes to avoid collisions.
Adaptive cruise control (ACC) provides assistance to the driver in the task of longitudinal control of their vehicle during motorway driving within limited acceleration ranges. The system controls the accelerator, engine powertrain and vehicle brakes to maintain a desired time-gap to the vehicle ahead.
The document presents information on autonomous or self-driving cars. It discusses the concept of autonomous vehicles that can sense their environment and navigate without human input. It outlines the equipment used in autonomous cars, including LIDAR, radar, cameras and GPS. It describes how these sensors work together with an electronic control unit and software to process information and control actuators that move the steering wheel, brakes and throttle. The document also covers some advantages and disadvantages of autonomous vehicles.
This document provides information on various automobile safety features, including airbags, anti-lock braking systems, traction control, and electronic stability control. It discusses how airbags work by inflating rapidly during a collision to cushion occupants from impact. Anti-lock braking systems use sensors and microprocessors to monitor wheel speed and prevent skidding during braking. Traction control builds on ABS to control engine and brake functions to prevent wheel slip on low traction surfaces. Electronic stability control uses sensors and individual braking of wheels to augment directional stability and limit understeering and oversteering during maneuvers. Global automakers spend billions annually on new safety technologies to protect occupants.
The document discusses several technologies expected to be implemented in autonomous vehicles by 2020, including vehicle-to-vehicle communication allowing cars to share information to avoid accidents, augmented reality windshields displaying information about surrounding locations, energy-storing body panels to improve battery efficiency, and personalized presets tailored to individual drivers. While autonomous vehicles may reduce accidents and traffic and increase accessibility, challenges include liability issues, reluctance to give up control, software reliability, and the need to establish legal frameworks for regulation. Public opinion surveys show growing acceptance of self-driving car technology, with some major automakers expecting to offer fully autonomous vehicles by 2020.
the recent trends in embedded systems in automobiles and also about the basic bus of communication have been given space, and for better understanding of BUS channel,i had compared BUS to MINIMILITIA , where we play it in a hotspot network (a channel of communication to communicate among diff palyers in the same game ) similar to a BUS
and at the end a fabulous drawing distinguishing about the present days automobiles
Study of Influence of Different Parameters of Head- Restraints on Energy Abso...AM Publications
Head Restraints are provided to safeguard occupant head and neck from injuries during rear impact.
According to the study made by organizations like ECE (Economic commission of Europe) and NHTSA (National
Highway Traffic Safety Administration USA) on different accidents, many safety regulations are developed for
passenger cars coming on roads. ECER17 and FMVSS202a are the regulations made to test and ensure safety of seat
headrestraints. One of the most important tests according to these regulations is energy absorption test. In this testsetup
the Head Form with mass 6.8kg, diameter 165mm and velocity of 24.1km/hr hits the Head restraint. The passing
criteria of the test is such that the headform should not experience deceleration more than 80 times gravitation for the
period more than or equal to 3ms. Also during impact, there should not be excess lifting of the headrest. Different
parameters of the headrest assembly such as angle of inclination of the front face of headrest, radius of curvature of
headrest rod, Notch depth of notches on headrest rod and stiffness variation of the headrest plastic part have
influence on the test results. In this paper, influence of these parameters is studied on the energy absorption test
mainly on the lifting of the headrest.
The presentation consists of the 5 modern trends in automobile sector. The history, working, and recent development of these trends are discussed in the presentation along with the images which help in understanding.
This document discusses autonomous vehicles and provides information on their different levels, from level 0 with no automation to level 5 with full automation. It describes the hardware and software components needed for autonomy, including sensors, actuators, perception, planning and control software. Countries actively working on autonomous vehicle technology are listed, along with some of the top companies in the field. Potential benefits are outlined, such as reduced traffic and increased road capacity, though challenges like software reliability, cybersecurity and job losses are also noted. The document concludes that vehicle-to-everything communication will allow autonomous cars to be even more effective at avoiding crashes and congestion.
This presentation discusses auto pilot technology for vehicles. It introduces auto pilot technology as a way to enable self-driving vehicles that can steer, park and drive themselves on highways without human control. The key components that enable auto pilot include display units, radars, sensors and advanced GPS mapping systems. Radars detect objects up to 180 feet away while sensors monitor road conditions and angles to help the control unit navigate safely. Auto pilot technology aims to reduce accidents by taking over driving tasks but hackers changing routes and sensor failures present risks. The presentation concludes that fully implementing auto pilot could significantly reduce accidents and work towards an accident-free world.
IRJET- Study of Automated Highway SystemIRJET Journal
1. The document discusses an automated highway system (AHS) which aims to increase both the safety and efficiency of highways by automating vehicles. Sensors and microprocessors would allow vehicles to sense their environment and react without driver input, reducing accidents caused by human error.
2. An AHS would have four key components - lateral motion control to keep vehicles in lanes, longitudinal motion control to maintain distance and speed between vehicles, and obstacle detection and avoidance capabilities. Sensors like cameras, radar and sonar would be used to detect lanes, other vehicles, and obstacles.
3. An AHS could significantly increase road capacity by allowing vehicles to travel closer together at higher speeds. It may also reduce fuel consumption,
Advanced Driver Assistance System using Vehicle to Vehicle CommunicationIRJET Journal
This document describes a proposed intelligent collision avoidance warning system using vehicle-to-vehicle communication. It involves developing an Android application for authentication to prevent cyberattacks. A virtual car environment is created using QT to test the system under realistic traffic conditions. Vehicles communicate over Wi-Fi to share parameters like location, speed, and direction. Safety zones are created around each vehicle based on size and braking distance. An algorithm analyzes overlapping safety zones to predict collisions and provide drivers with warnings. The system was tested and able to detect lane change, rear-end, front-end, and intersection collisions through vehicle communication and safety zone analysis.
The document discusses idle start/stop (I3S) technology, which automatically shuts off an engine when the vehicle is idling and restarts it when needed. This saves fuel and reduces emissions. I3S was first developed in the 1960s and is now used widely in vehicles around the world. It can reduce fuel consumption and carbon dioxide emissions by 5-10% in city driving. While it helps reduce greenhouse gases, some vehicle functions may not work when the engine is off and it requires a special battery. The conclusion is that I3S will be standard in over 50% of new vehicles after 2013 as it is a key technology for meeting stricter emissions regulations.
This document summarizes the capabilities of seat evaluation simulations including frontal/rear impact, seatbelt anchorage tests, child restraint systems, head restraint strength, and other tests. The simulations use standardized procedures and load cases to evaluate compliance with standards. Comprehensive reports are generated identifying critical areas, displacement/stress outputs, and countermeasures. Correlation with physical test results is also provided.
This document discusses self-driving or autonomous vehicles. It provides an introduction to autonomous cars and their ability to sense surroundings using sensors and computer vision. The document outlines some of the technologies used in autonomous vehicles, including radar, lidar, GPS, cameras, ultrasonic sensors and more. It describes how components like ABS, electronic stability control, adaptive high beams, night vision and parking sensors contribute to autonomous functionality. The document discusses advantages such as reduced accidents and improved mobility for disabled/elderly, as well as disadvantages including job loss and hacking risks. It concludes that autonomous vehicles could significantly reduce traffic and avoid accidents by 2020.
Three sentences summarizing the document:
The document discusses vehicle safety evaluation and certification processes. It covers crash worthiness testing and reviews of accident data, and provides details on various safety standards and regulations regarding occupant protection, crash testing facilities, and crash dummies. Terminology related to crashworthiness is defined.
Idle start stop system( i3s) in India Aditya DeshpandeAditya Deshpande
Idle start stop system( i3s) in India- for two wheeler introduced for curbing pollution problem by automatically switching off engine at idle and starting with the help of clutch thus saving fuel
Just what is that thing on top of the Google Car? What does adaptive cruise control with lane assist mean? When are these things going to be ready? The answer to these questions and more in a technology overview that unravels just how these vehicles are going to work. Presented at the 2017 D-STOP Symposium.
This document discusses active suspension systems for vehicles. It provides information on different types of active suspension technologies used by various car manufacturers. These include magnetic ride control used in Cadillacs, electronic air suspension in Range Rovers, and active body control in Mercedes Benz cars. The document also covers quarter car models, optimal control approaches like LQR control, and active suspension control strategies. Key active suspension technologies are described in detail, including how they work and their benefits in improving ride comfort and vehicle handling.
Advanced driver assistance systems are designed to increase car safety and road safety overall. They help the driver in the driving process to enable safe and relaxed driving. Some examples of driver assistance systems that maximize safety include antilock braking systems, adaptive cruise control, blind spot detection, driver drowsiness detection, electronic stability control, emergency braking systems, hill descent control, intelligent speed assistance, lane departure warning systems, pedestrian detection, rear cross traffic alert, and traffic sign recognition. These systems alert drivers to hazards, help maintain safe distances and speeds, and in some cases automatically apply brakes to avoid collisions.
Adaptive cruise control (ACC) provides assistance to the driver in the task of longitudinal control of their vehicle during motorway driving within limited acceleration ranges. The system controls the accelerator, engine powertrain and vehicle brakes to maintain a desired time-gap to the vehicle ahead.
The document presents information on autonomous or self-driving cars. It discusses the concept of autonomous vehicles that can sense their environment and navigate without human input. It outlines the equipment used in autonomous cars, including LIDAR, radar, cameras and GPS. It describes how these sensors work together with an electronic control unit and software to process information and control actuators that move the steering wheel, brakes and throttle. The document also covers some advantages and disadvantages of autonomous vehicles.
This document provides information on various automobile safety features, including airbags, anti-lock braking systems, traction control, and electronic stability control. It discusses how airbags work by inflating rapidly during a collision to cushion occupants from impact. Anti-lock braking systems use sensors and microprocessors to monitor wheel speed and prevent skidding during braking. Traction control builds on ABS to control engine and brake functions to prevent wheel slip on low traction surfaces. Electronic stability control uses sensors and individual braking of wheels to augment directional stability and limit understeering and oversteering during maneuvers. Global automakers spend billions annually on new safety technologies to protect occupants.
The document discusses several technologies expected to be implemented in autonomous vehicles by 2020, including vehicle-to-vehicle communication allowing cars to share information to avoid accidents, augmented reality windshields displaying information about surrounding locations, energy-storing body panels to improve battery efficiency, and personalized presets tailored to individual drivers. While autonomous vehicles may reduce accidents and traffic and increase accessibility, challenges include liability issues, reluctance to give up control, software reliability, and the need to establish legal frameworks for regulation. Public opinion surveys show growing acceptance of self-driving car technology, with some major automakers expecting to offer fully autonomous vehicles by 2020.
the recent trends in embedded systems in automobiles and also about the basic bus of communication have been given space, and for better understanding of BUS channel,i had compared BUS to MINIMILITIA , where we play it in a hotspot network (a channel of communication to communicate among diff palyers in the same game ) similar to a BUS
and at the end a fabulous drawing distinguishing about the present days automobiles
Study of Influence of Different Parameters of Head- Restraints on Energy Abso...AM Publications
Head Restraints are provided to safeguard occupant head and neck from injuries during rear impact.
According to the study made by organizations like ECE (Economic commission of Europe) and NHTSA (National
Highway Traffic Safety Administration USA) on different accidents, many safety regulations are developed for
passenger cars coming on roads. ECER17 and FMVSS202a are the regulations made to test and ensure safety of seat
headrestraints. One of the most important tests according to these regulations is energy absorption test. In this testsetup
the Head Form with mass 6.8kg, diameter 165mm and velocity of 24.1km/hr hits the Head restraint. The passing
criteria of the test is such that the headform should not experience deceleration more than 80 times gravitation for the
period more than or equal to 3ms. Also during impact, there should not be excess lifting of the headrest. Different
parameters of the headrest assembly such as angle of inclination of the front face of headrest, radius of curvature of
headrest rod, Notch depth of notches on headrest rod and stiffness variation of the headrest plastic part have
influence on the test results. In this paper, influence of these parameters is studied on the energy absorption test
mainly on the lifting of the headrest.
The presentation consists of the 5 modern trends in automobile sector. The history, working, and recent development of these trends are discussed in the presentation along with the images which help in understanding.
This document discusses autonomous vehicles and provides information on their different levels, from level 0 with no automation to level 5 with full automation. It describes the hardware and software components needed for autonomy, including sensors, actuators, perception, planning and control software. Countries actively working on autonomous vehicle technology are listed, along with some of the top companies in the field. Potential benefits are outlined, such as reduced traffic and increased road capacity, though challenges like software reliability, cybersecurity and job losses are also noted. The document concludes that vehicle-to-everything communication will allow autonomous cars to be even more effective at avoiding crashes and congestion.
This presentation discusses auto pilot technology for vehicles. It introduces auto pilot technology as a way to enable self-driving vehicles that can steer, park and drive themselves on highways without human control. The key components that enable auto pilot include display units, radars, sensors and advanced GPS mapping systems. Radars detect objects up to 180 feet away while sensors monitor road conditions and angles to help the control unit navigate safely. Auto pilot technology aims to reduce accidents by taking over driving tasks but hackers changing routes and sensor failures present risks. The presentation concludes that fully implementing auto pilot could significantly reduce accidents and work towards an accident-free world.
IRJET- Study of Automated Highway SystemIRJET Journal
1. The document discusses an automated highway system (AHS) which aims to increase both the safety and efficiency of highways by automating vehicles. Sensors and microprocessors would allow vehicles to sense their environment and react without driver input, reducing accidents caused by human error.
2. An AHS would have four key components - lateral motion control to keep vehicles in lanes, longitudinal motion control to maintain distance and speed between vehicles, and obstacle detection and avoidance capabilities. Sensors like cameras, radar and sonar would be used to detect lanes, other vehicles, and obstacles.
3. An AHS could significantly increase road capacity by allowing vehicles to travel closer together at higher speeds. It may also reduce fuel consumption,
Advanced Driver Assistance System using Vehicle to Vehicle CommunicationIRJET Journal
This document describes a proposed intelligent collision avoidance warning system using vehicle-to-vehicle communication. It involves developing an Android application for authentication to prevent cyberattacks. A virtual car environment is created using QT to test the system under realistic traffic conditions. Vehicles communicate over Wi-Fi to share parameters like location, speed, and direction. Safety zones are created around each vehicle based on size and braking distance. An algorithm analyzes overlapping safety zones to predict collisions and provide drivers with warnings. The system was tested and able to detect lane change, rear-end, front-end, and intersection collisions through vehicle communication and safety zone analysis.
Advanced Driver Assistance System using Vehicle to Vehicle CommunicationIRJET Journal
This document describes a proposed intelligent collision avoidance warning system using vehicle-to-vehicle communication. It involves developing an Android application for authentication to prevent cyberattacks. A virtual car environment is created using QT to test the collision avoidance algorithm in realistic traffic scenarios. Vehicles communicate over Wi-Fi to share location, speed and other data. An optimized algorithm analyzes overlapping "safety zones" to predict collisions and provide drivers with warnings. The system was tested and able to detect lane change, rear-end, front-end and intersection collisions through vehicle information sharing and safety zone analysis.
This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
IRJET- Build and Integrate Perception Features on Freescale PlatformIRJET Journal
This document describes a project to integrate lane departure warning and vehicle detection features on a Freescale S32V234 evaluation board platform. The project aims to optimize algorithms for these advanced driver assistance system functionalities. Lane departure warning monitors when a vehicle departs its lane without signaling. Vehicle detection identifies other vehicles in the road using bounding boxes. The document outlines the system components, software, and methodology. Code will be written and compiled using the S32DS vision IDE to transfer video from a computer to the board and run algorithms to perform lane and vehicle analysis in real-time.
A Survey of Autonomous Driving CommonPractices and Emerging.docxdaniahendric
A Survey of Autonomous Driving: Common
Practices and Emerging Technologies
Ekim Yurtsever∗, Jacob Lambert∗, Alexander Carballo∗, Kazuya Takeda∗†
Abstract—Automated driving systems (ADSs) promise a safe,
comfortable and efficient driving experience. However, fatalities
involving vehicles equipped with ADSs are on the rise. The full
potential of ADSs cannot be realized unless the robustness of
state-of-the-art improved further. This paper discusses unsolved
problems and surveys the technical aspect of automated driving.
Studies regarding present challenges, high-level system architec-
tures, emerging methodologies and core functions: localization,
mapping, perception, planning, and human machine interface,
were thoroughly reviewed. Furthermore, the state-of-the-art was
implemented on our own platform and various algorithms were
compared in a real-world driving setting. The paper concludes
with an overview of available datasets and tools for ADS
development.
I. INTRODUCTION
ACCORDING to a recent technical report by the NationalHighway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), 94%
of road accidents are caused by human errors [1]. Automated
driving systems (ADSs) are being developed with the promise
of preventing accidents, reducing emissions, transporting the
mobility-impaired and reducing driving related stress [2].
Annual social benefits of ADSs are projected to reach nearly
$800 billion by 2050 through congestion mitigation, road ca-
sualty reduction, decreased energy consumption and increased
productivity caused by the reallocation of driving time [3].
Eureka Project PROMETHEUS [4] was carried out in Eu-
rope between 1987-1995, and it was one of the earliest major
automated driving studies. The project led to the development
of VITA II by Daimler-Benz, which succeeded in automat-
ically driving on highways [5]. DARPA Grand Challenge,
organized by the US Department of Defense in 2004, was
the first major automated driving competition where all of the
attendees failed to finish the 150-mile off-road parkour. The
difficulty of the challenge was due to the rule that no human
intervention at any level was allowed during the finals. Another
similar DARPA Grand Challenge was held in 2005. This time
five teams managed to complete the off-road track without any
human interference [6].
Fully automated driving in urban scenes was seen as the
biggest challenge of the field since the earliest attempts.
During DARPA Urban Challenge [7], held in 2007, many
different research groups around the globe tried their ADSs
in a test environment that was modeled after a typical urban
scene. Six teams managed to complete the event. Even though
∗E. Yurtsever, J. Lambert, A. Carballo and K. Takeda are with Nagoya
University, Furo-cho, Nagoya, 464-8603, JAPAN
† K. Takeda is also with Tier4 Inc. Nagoya, JAPAN.
Corresponding author: Ekim Yurtsever, [email protected]
this competition was the biggest and most significant event
up to that time, the test environment lacke ...
A Survey of Autonomous Driving CommonPractices and Emerging.docxronak56
A Survey of Autonomous Driving: Common
Practices and Emerging Technologies
Ekim Yurtsever∗, Jacob Lambert∗, Alexander Carballo∗, Kazuya Takeda∗†
Abstract—Automated driving systems (ADSs) promise a safe,
comfortable and efficient driving experience. However, fatalities
involving vehicles equipped with ADSs are on the rise. The full
potential of ADSs cannot be realized unless the robustness of
state-of-the-art improved further. This paper discusses unsolved
problems and surveys the technical aspect of automated driving.
Studies regarding present challenges, high-level system architec-
tures, emerging methodologies and core functions: localization,
mapping, perception, planning, and human machine interface,
were thoroughly reviewed. Furthermore, the state-of-the-art was
implemented on our own platform and various algorithms were
compared in a real-world driving setting. The paper concludes
with an overview of available datasets and tools for ADS
development.
I. INTRODUCTION
ACCORDING to a recent technical report by the NationalHighway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), 94%
of road accidents are caused by human errors [1]. Automated
driving systems (ADSs) are being developed with the promise
of preventing accidents, reducing emissions, transporting the
mobility-impaired and reducing driving related stress [2].
Annual social benefits of ADSs are projected to reach nearly
$800 billion by 2050 through congestion mitigation, road ca-
sualty reduction, decreased energy consumption and increased
productivity caused by the reallocation of driving time [3].
Eureka Project PROMETHEUS [4] was carried out in Eu-
rope between 1987-1995, and it was one of the earliest major
automated driving studies. The project led to the development
of VITA II by Daimler-Benz, which succeeded in automat-
ically driving on highways [5]. DARPA Grand Challenge,
organized by the US Department of Defense in 2004, was
the first major automated driving competition where all of the
attendees failed to finish the 150-mile off-road parkour. The
difficulty of the challenge was due to the rule that no human
intervention at any level was allowed during the finals. Another
similar DARPA Grand Challenge was held in 2005. This time
five teams managed to complete the off-road track without any
human interference [6].
Fully automated driving in urban scenes was seen as the
biggest challenge of the field since the earliest attempts.
During DARPA Urban Challenge [7], held in 2007, many
different research groups around the globe tried their ADSs
in a test environment that was modeled after a typical urban
scene. Six teams managed to complete the event. Even though
∗E. Yurtsever, J. Lambert, A. Carballo and K. Takeda are with Nagoya
University, Furo-cho, Nagoya, 464-8603, JAPAN
† K. Takeda is also with Tier4 Inc. Nagoya, JAPAN.
Corresponding author: Ekim Yurtsever, [email protected]
this competition was the biggest and most significant event
up to that time, the test environment lacke.
This presentation talks about Software Defined Vehicles, Automotive Standards including Cyber Security and Safety, Agile Methods like SAFe/Less , Continuous Delivery best practices.
IRJET - A Review on Multi-Functional Multi-Ability Electric VehicleIRJET Journal
This document reviews technologies for electric vehicles that provide multiple functions and abilities. It discusses adjusting vehicle ground clearance for different speeds using active or semi-active suspension systems. It also describes parallel parking systems that use sensors and controllers to autonomously steer a vehicle into a parking space. Technologies for zero turning radius are presented which allow a vehicle to rotate in place using four-wheel steering.
This document describes a proposed collision avoidance system for automobiles using embedded systems. It involves using ultrasonic sensors to detect objects in front of a vehicle and signal a microcontroller to automatically apply the brakes if an object gets too close. The system aims to actively avoid accidents by maintaining a safe distance from other vehicles and objects. It discusses the conceptual design of the collision avoidance system, which would use sensors to detect obstacles, a control module to process the sensor data, and actuators to enable automatic braking if needed based on the control logic in the microcontroller. The goal is to develop an active safety system to help reduce traffic accidents and injuries.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
IRJET- Automatic Reverse Breaking System for TrolleyIRJET Journal
This document describes a proposed automatic reverse braking system for vehicles. The system uses sensors to detect obstacles behind a vehicle in reverse and automatically applies the brakes to prevent collisions. It is meant to address the problem of accidents that occur during reversing due to difficulties detecting objects or careless driving. The system would process sensor data and control the vehicle brakes to maintain a safe distance from any detected objects. It proposes implementing the control logic on an FPGA (field programmable gate array) microcontroller. The goal is to design a reliable automatic braking system that prevents injuries from reversing collisions by quickly detecting obstacles and braking the vehicle.
Advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) use sensors and software to help drivers park and avoid collisions. They incorporate computer vision and sensor fusion to support applications like automatic emergency braking, lane keeping assist, and blind spot detection. As ADAS technology advances toward more automated vehicles, it aims to reduce human error and prevent accidents, injuries, and fatalities on the road.
IRJET- Intelligent Vehicle Control SystemIRJET Journal
This document proposes an intelligent vehicle control system using haptic shared control of the steering mechanism and braking system. It begins with an introduction to the increasing road accidents in India and need for driver assistance systems. It then discusses existing driver assistance systems like adaptive cruise control, lane departure warning, emergency braking assist. The proposed system uses haptic control through torque feedback on the steering wheel to guide the human driver. It calculates time to collision using vehicle position and trajectory to determine when brakes need to be applied. The system aims to reduce accidents by smooth collaboration between human and vehicle controls through mutual communication in the form of touch.
This document discusses car automation using Internet of Things technologies. It describes how sensors like ultrasonic sensors, GPS receivers, and IR sensors can be used with microcontrollers like Arduino and Raspberry Pi to monitor and control aspects of a vehicle. This allows for features like obstacle detection, speed control, automatic parking, and remote monitoring. The document also reviews several related works involving platforms for autonomous vehicles and discusses methods, results and applications of car automation systems.
Obstacle Detection and Collision Avoidance SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes an obstacle detection and collision avoidance system. It begins by introducing the topic of obstacle detection and how accidents can often be avoided. It then describes the design of an obstacle detector that can detect discontinuities in terrain and alert users of potential hazards. Key components discussed include using MATLAB, a camera, a PIC controller, and image processing techniques. The document reviews related literature on vision-based vehicle detection and classification methods. It also discusses adaptive cruise control systems using ultrasonic sensors and nonlinear coordinated control strategies for autonomous vehicles. Motion planning and trajectory planning frameworks are described for generating collision-free paths.
Seminar on Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS).pptxMohit Nayal
Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) use sensors and computer vision algorithms to detect objects, warn drivers of potential accidents, and take actions to avoid collisions. ADAS applications have evolved from simple cruise control in the 1950s to now include lane keeping, automatic emergency braking, and other systems. As ADAS becomes more advanced with 64-bit processors and neural networks, vehicles are progressing toward full autonomy. The goal of ADAS is to reduce the over 90% of accidents caused by human error by assisting drivers or taking control in dangerous situations.
A TECHNICAL REVIEW ON USE OF VEHICLE MONITORING SYSTEM IN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRYIRJET Journal
This document provides a technical review of using vehicle monitoring systems in the construction industry. It discusses the challenges currently faced in construction such as monitoring vehicles, fuel waste, safety issues, and increasing demand for technologies to address these problems. It then proposes implementing a vehicle tracking system using an Arduino chip, GPS receiver, and GSM modem to continuously monitor vehicle location, speed, distance traveled and send this data to users via SMS or a mobile app/website. The literature review covers previous research on GPS tracking systems and their use in industries like mining, oil/gas and transportation. It also discusses the methodology and components of the proposed system like the GPS receiver obtaining location from satellites and sending it to the GSM modem. The conclusion is
The mainstream adoption of ADAS (Advanced DriverAssistance Systems) technology is having a dramatic
impact on how windscreens are fixed and replaced. ADAS
are developed to automate, adapt, and enhance vehicle
technology for improved safety and driving. Each leap
forward is creating a safer environment on the road, with
motorists receiving a growing list of active safety support
features.
According to the ADAS scale devised by Society of
Automotive Engineers (SAE), the market is approximately
3/5th of the way to full autonomy. The shift towards
autonomous driving is changing the way that repairs are
conducted. This article aims to explore the current, and
future, influence of ADAS technology across the automotive
industry, and the resulting implications for drivers, fitters,
and insurers.
Similar to Advance Vehicle Advanced Driver Assistance Systems: Working & Features ADAS A Path towards Intelligent Vehicles (20)
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study analyzing the effect of camber, position of camber, and angle of attack on the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils. Sixteen modified asymmetric NACA airfoils were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by varying the camber, camber position, and angle of attack. The results showed the relationship between these parameters and the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and lift to drag ratio. This provides insight into how changes in airfoil geometry impact aerodynamic performance.
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the progress and challenges of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes and applications. It discusses how various aluminum MMCs have been developed using reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides to improve mechanical and wear properties. These composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high-strength and corrosion resistance properties. The document also examines recent advancements in fabrication techniques for aluminum MMCs and their growing applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive. However, it notes that challenges remain around issues like improper mixing of reinforcements and reducing reinforcement agglomeration.
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on using graph neural networks (GNNs) for dynamic optimization of public transportation networks in real-time. GNNs represent transit networks as graphs with nodes as stops and edges as connections. The GNN model aims to optimize networks using real-time data on vehicle locations, arrival times, and passenger loads. This helps increase mobility, decrease traffic, and improve efficiency. The system continuously trains and infers to adapt to changing transit conditions, providing decision support tools. While research has focused on performance, more work is needed on security, socio-economic impacts, contextual generalization of models, continuous learning approaches, and effective real-time visualization.
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project that aims to compare the structural performance of conventional slab and grid slab systems in multi-story buildings using ETABS software. The study will analyze both symmetric and asymmetric building models under various loading conditions. Parameters like deflections, moments, shears, and stresses will be examined to evaluate the structural effectiveness of each slab type. The results will provide insights into the comparative behavior of conventional and grid slabs to help engineers and architects select appropriate slab systems based on building layouts and design requirements.
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes and reviews a research paper on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without infill walls. It discusses how infill walls can improve or reduce the seismic performance of RC buildings, depending on factors like wall layout, height distribution, connection to the frame, and relative stiffness of walls and frames. The reviewed research paper analyzes the behavior of infill walls, effects of vertical irregularities, and seismic performance of high-rise structures under linear static and dynamic analysis. It studies response characteristics like story drift, deflection and shear. The document also provides literature on similar research investigating the effects of infill walls, soft stories, plan irregularities, and different
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes temperature and precipitation trends in Asosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 based on data from the local meteorological station. The results show:
1) The average maximum and minimum annual temperatures have generally decreased over time, with maximum temperatures decreasing by a factor of -0.0341 and minimum by -0.0152.
2) Mann-Kendall tests found the decreasing temperature trends to be statistically significant for annual maximum temperatures but not for annual minimum temperatures.
3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD ProIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and analysis of pre-engineered building (PEB) framed structures using STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of PEBs, including that they are designed off-site with building trusses and beams produced in a factory. STAAD Pro is identified as a key tool for modeling, analyzing, and designing PEBs to ensure their performance and safety under various load scenarios. The document outlines modeling structural parts in STAAD Pro, evaluating structural reactions, assigning loads, and following international design codes and standards. In summary, STAAD Pro is used to design and analyze PEB framed structures to ensure safety and code compliance.
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on innovative fiber integration methods for reinforcing concrete structures. It discusses studies that have explored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with recycled plastic aggregates to develop more sustainable strengthening techniques. It also examines using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete to improve shear strength in beams. Additional topics covered include the dynamic responses of FRP-strengthened beams under static and impact loads, and the performance of preloaded CFRP-strengthened fiber reinforced concrete beams. The review highlights the potential of fiber composites to enable more sustainable and resilient construction practices.
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey on securing patient healthcare data in cloud-based systems. It discusses using technologies like facial recognition, smart cards, and cloud computing combined with strong encryption to securely store patient data. The survey found that healthcare professionals believe digitizing patient records and storing them in a centralized cloud system would improve access during emergencies and enable more efficient care compared to paper-based systems. However, ensuring privacy and security of patient data is paramount as healthcare incorporates these digital technologies.
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridgesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes several studies that have been conducted on widening existing concrete bridges. It describes a study from China that examined load distribution factors for a bridge widened with composite steel-concrete girders. It also outlines challenges and solutions for widening a bridge in the UAE, including replacing bearings and stitching the new and existing structures. Additionally, it discusses two bridge widening projects in New Zealand that involved adding precast beams and stitching to connect structures. Finally, safety measures and challenges for strengthening a historic bridge in Switzerland under live traffic are presented.
React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
The document describes the architecture of an educational technology web application built using the MERN stack. It discusses the frontend developed with ReactJS, backend with NodeJS and ExpressJS, and MongoDB database. The frontend provides dynamic user interfaces, while the backend offers APIs for authentication, course management, and other functions. MongoDB enables flexible data storage. The architecture aims to provide a scalable, responsive platform for online learning.
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to help implement objectives of India's National Education Policy (NEP) in the education sector. The paper discusses how blockchain could be used for secure student data management, credential verification, and decentralized learning platforms. IoT devices could create smart classrooms, automate attendance tracking, and enable real-time monitoring. Blockchain would ensure integrity of exam processes and resource allocation, while smart contracts automate agreements. The paper argues this integration has potential to revolutionize education by making it more secure, transparent and efficient, in alignment with NEP goals. However, challenges like infrastructure needs, data privacy, and collaborative efforts are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on the performance of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. It summarizes several studies that tested different volume fractions and lengths of coconut fibres in concrete mixtures with varying compressive strengths. The studies found that coconut fibre improved properties like tensile strength, toughness, crack resistance, and spalling resistance compared to plain concrete. Volume fractions of 2-5% and fibre lengths of 20-50mm produced the best results. The document concludes that using a 4-5% volume fraction of coconut fibres 30-40mm in length with M30-M60 grade concrete would provide benefits based on previous research.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses optimizing business management processes through automation using Microsoft Power Automate and artificial intelligence. It provides an overview of Power Automate's key components and features for automating workflows across various apps and services. The document then presents several scenarios applying automation solutions to common business processes like data entry, monitoring, HR, finance, customer support, and more. It estimates the potential time and cost savings from implementing automation for each scenario. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of AI and automation tools on business processes and the need for ongoing optimization.
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
The document describes the seismic design of a G+5 steel building frame located in Roorkee, India according to Indian codes IS 1893-2002 and IS 800. The frame was analyzed using the equivalent static load method and response spectrum method, and its response in terms of displacements and shear forces were compared. Based on the analysis, the frame was designed as a seismic-resistant steel structure according to IS 800:2007. The software STAAD Pro was used for the analysis and design.
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...IRJET Journal
This research paper explores using plastic waste as a sustainable and cost-effective construction material. The study focuses on manufacturing pavers and bricks using recycled plastic and partially replacing concrete with plastic alternatives. Initial results found that pavers and bricks made from recycled plastic demonstrate comparable strength and durability to traditional materials while providing environmental and cost benefits. Additionally, preliminary research indicates incorporating plastic waste as a partial concrete replacement significantly reduces construction costs without compromising structural integrity. The outcomes suggest adopting plastic waste in construction can address plastic pollution while optimizing costs, promoting more sustainable building practices.
Solving Linear Differential Equations with Constant CoefficientsIRJET Journal
1) The document discusses methods for finding the solutions to linear differential equations with constant coefficients. It defines such an equation and explains that the complete solution is the combination of the complementary function (C.F.) and particular integral (P.I.).
2) Various methods are presented for determining the C.F. depending on whether the roots of the auxiliary equation are real, imaginary, repeated, etc.
3) Rules are provided for obtaining the P.I. based on the type of function involved (exponential, trigonometric, power, etc.). Examples are worked through to demonstrate the full solution process.
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...IJECEIAES
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
Low power architecture of logic gates using adiabatic techniquesnooriasukmaningtyas
The growing significance of portable systems to limit power consumption in ultra-large-scale-integration chips of very high density, has recently led to rapid and inventive progresses in low-power design. The most effective technique is adiabatic logic circuit design in energy-efficient hardware. This paper presents two adiabatic approaches for the design of low power circuits, modified positive feedback adiabatic logic (modified PFAL) and the other is direct current diode based positive feedback adiabatic logic (DC-DB PFAL). Logic gates are the preliminary components in any digital circuit design. By improving the performance of basic gates, one can improvise the whole system performance. In this paper proposed circuit design of the low power architecture of OR/NOR, AND/NAND, and XOR/XNOR gates are presented using the said approaches and their results are analyzed for powerdissipation, delay, power-delay-product and rise time and compared with the other adiabatic techniques along with the conventional complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) designs reported in the literature. It has been found that the designs with DC-DB PFAL technique outperform with the percentage improvement of 65% for NOR gate and 7% for NAND gate and 34% for XNOR gate over the modified PFAL techniques at 10 MHz respectively.
Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapte...University of Maribor
Slides from talk presenting:
Aleš Zamuda: Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapter and Networking.
Presentation at IcETRAN 2024 session:
"Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS
Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation"
IEEE Slovenia GRSS
IEEE Serbia and Montenegro MTT-S
IEEE Slovenia CIS
11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONIC AND COMPUTING ENGINEERING
3-6 June 2024, Niš, Serbia