This document discusses various automobile safety systems. It begins by introducing automobile safety and some early studies on improving vehicle safety through seat belts and padded dashboards. It then describes several key active and passive safety systems used in modern vehicles, including airbags, seat belts, anti-lock braking systems, collision warning systems, blind spot detectors, electronic stability control, and cruise control. For each system, it provides a brief explanation of its purpose and functioning to enhance road safety and prevent injuries during accidents.

1. PRESENTED BY:
Avinash.reddi

2. CONTENTS
1)INTRODUCTION
2) TYPES OF SAFETY SYSTEMS
 AIR BAGS
 SEAT BELT
 ANTI LOCK BRACKING SYSTEM
 COLLISION WARNING SYSTEM
 BLIND SPOT DETECTOR
 ELECTRONIC STABILITY CONTROL
 CRUISE CONTROL
 VECHILE BLIND SPOT

3. INTRODUCTION
 WHAT?
 WHY?
 WHEN?
 WHAT IS AUTOMOBILE SAFETY SYSTEM?
 WHY IT IS SO MUCH IMPORTANT OR WHY
SHOULD WE ADOPT IT?
 WHEN IT WAS FIRST STARTED TO ENHANCE
SAFETY SYSTEM?

4.  Automobile safety is the study and practice of design,
construction, equipment and regulation to minimize the
occurrence and consequences of traffic collisions. Road traffic
safety more broadly includes roadway design.
 However, automobile accidents have still been the leading
cause of injuries and death in most countries. Car safety also
pertains to necessary car safety features. This is incorporated
in our car to protect us and other passengers from injury and
death during a collision or crash.
 One of the first formal academic studies into improving
vehicle safety was by Cornell Aeronautical Laboratory of
Buffalo, New York. The main conclusion of their extensive
report is the crucial importance of seat belts and padded
dashboards

5. AIRBAGS
 The airbag specified for automobile use traces its
origins to air-filled bladders as early as 1941.
 Airbag is the safety system that is used in automobile
for the purpose to provide the occupants a soft
cushioning and restraint during a crash event to
prevent any impact or impact-caused injuries between
the flailing occupant and the interior of the vehicle.
 The airbag provides an energy absorbing surface
between the vehicle's occupant and a steering wheel,
instrumental panel

6. SEAT BELTS
 Seat belts is a basic safety tool that is used for the
safety purpose of passenger inside the car or vehicle.
 A seat belt functions to reduce the likelihood of death
or serious injury in a traffic collision by reducing the
force of secondary impacts.
 Seat belts were invented by English engineer George
Clayey in the mid-19th century , though Edward J.
Claghorn of New York, was granted the first patent on
February 10, 1885 for a safety belt

7. ABS:- ANTI LOCK BRAKING SYSTEM
 An anti-lock braking system or anti-skid braking
system (ABS) is an automobile safety system that
allows the wheels on a motor vehicle to maintain
tractivecontact with the road surface according to
driver inputs while braking.
 This prevent the wheels from locking up (ceasing
rotation) and avoiding uncontrolled skidding

8. MAIN COMPONENTS OF ABS
 Speed sensors
 Valves
 pump
 Controller

10. COLLISION WARNING SYSTEM
 A surround radar or sometimes laser (lidar) sensor in
the vehicle recognize the danger of the vehicle.
 Based on the distance to the obstacle ahead and
speed.
 Provide maximized braking support by boosting the
brake pressure.

11. BLIND SPOT DETECTOR
 The blind spot monitor is a vehiclebased sensordevice
that detects other vehicles located to the driver’s side
and rear. Warnings can be visual, audible, vibrating, or
tactile.
 Good driver visibility is essential for safe road traffic.
 It is currently implemented in all new upcoming bikes

12. ELECTRONIC STABILITY CONTROL
 ESC integrates Anti lock braking system and Traction
control system. (TCS)
 A function that prevent skidding.
 If the vehicle moves in a different direction under
steering or over steering_ ESC detects the situation
and reacts accordingly.

13. CRUISE CONTROL
 Cruise control (sometimes known as speed control or
autocruise, or tempomat in some countries) is a
system that automatically controls the speed of a
motor vehicle. The system is a servomechanism that
takes over the throttle of the car to maintain a steady
speed as set by the driver.

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