The document discusses the mechanisms and regulation of acid-base balance in the body, highlighting buffer systems such as bicarbonate, phosphate, and protein buffers. It also addresses conditions of acid-base disturbances like acidosis and alkalosis, including their causes and related physiological changes. Additionally, it outlines the impact of hydrogen ion concentration on pH levels in solutions.

1. ACID BASE BALANCES
SAKEENA ASMI
MSc BIOTECHNOLOGY

3. https://www.omega.ca/pptst_eng/PHH221_PHH222.html

4. ACID BASE BALANCE
BLOOD BUFFER SYSTEM
- Bicarbonate buffer
system
- Phosphate buffer
system
- Protein buffer system
RESPIRATORY
MECHANISM
- By removal of CO2
RENAL
MECHANISM
- By excreting H+ ions
along with phosphate
and ammonia
REGULATION OF ACID BASE BALANCE

5. http://www.biologydiscussion.com/respiration/bu
ffer-systems-of-blood-biochemistry/42670

6. DISTURBANCES OF ACID BASE BALANCE
ACIDOSIS ALKALOSIS
Respiratory acidosis
Increase in pCO2
Due to :
Hypoventilation as
in :
Respiratory diseases
and neural diseases.
Metabolic acidosis
Decrease in HCO3
-
As in :
Lactic acidosis
Diarrhea
Respiratory alkalosis
decrease in pCO2
Due to :
Hyperventilation as
in :
Hypoxia
Neural disorders and
psychological
disorders
Metabolic alkalosis
Decrease in H+
As in :
Vomiting and
treatment with
diuretics

7. When there is a high hydrogen ion concentration , then the solution
has ________ pH.
Acidic solutions have a ______ pH and basic solutions have
_____ pH.
When there is a low hydrogen ion concentration, then the
solutions has ______ pH.
low
low
high
high
QUESTIONS