This document discusses different types of tires. There are two main types - tubed tires which have an inner tube, and tubeless tires which do not have an inner tube. Tubeless tires have advantages like lesser weight, better cooling, lower rolling resistance, and more comfortable ride. The document also describes different tire constructions - cross-ply/bias ply tires which have fabric plies laid across each other at alternating angles, radial ply tires which have fabric arcs from bead to bead at 90 degree angles, and belted bias ply tires which have belt plies reinforced with wire. Radial ply tires provide benefits like better shock absorption and fuel efficiency compared to cross-ply tires.

1. TYRE TYPES

2. Tyre cross-section

4. Tyre cross-section

5. Tire Cutaway

6. Types of Tyres

7. Types of tyres
Conventional tubed tyre.
Tubeless tyre.

8. Tubed tyre

9. Tubeless tyre

10. Advantages of tubeless tyres
Lesser unsprung weight.
Better cooling.
Lesser rolling resistance.
Comfortable ride.
Slower leakage of air.
Simpler assembly.
Improved safety.

11. Tyre Construction
OR
Types of carcass(Tread)

12. Types of carcass(Tread)
OR
Tyre Construction
Cross ply (or) bias ply type.
Radial ply type.
Belted bias ply type.

13. Cross ply (or) bias ply type.

14. Cross ply (or) bias ply type.

15. Cross – ply
• the construction details are useful to show
how tyre technology has developed.
• Several textile plies are laid across each
other, running from bead to bead in
alternate directions.
• The number of plies depends on the size of
the tyre and the load it has to carry.
• The same number of plies is used on the
crown and the sidewalls.

16. Radial ply type

17. Radial ply type.

18. Radial – Ply
• Radial – Ply tyres consist of a carcass ply
formed by textile arcs running from one
bead to the other.
• Each ply which is laid in an arc at an angle
of 90 degrees to the direction the tyre
rolls.
• At the top of the tyre crown (under the
tread), there is a belt made up of several
plies reinforced with metal wire, laid on
top of the carcass ply.
• These crown plies, laid one on top of the
other, overlap at an angle determined by
the type of the tyre.

19. • Remember the tyre tread depth must be not less than 1.6mm over the central
three-quarters of the tyre and must go all the way round the circumference in
an continuous unbroken band with no bald patches anywhere on the tyre tread.
• If radial and cross-ply tyres are fitted to the same vehicle, the radial-ply tyres
must only be fitted to the rear.
• Cross-ply and radial ply tyres must never be fitted to the same axle.
• Tyre pressures must be set to the manufactures recommendations.
• The tread and side wall must be free from large cuts, abrasions or bubbles

20. Belted bias ply type

22. Comparison of radial and Cross-ply Tyres
Advantages of radial ply Tyres:-
 The side walls can be bend readily ,its shock absorbing
capacity is 25% more than bias ply or cross ply.
 The breaker strips of radial Tyres act independently of
the wall plies unlike in cross ply where there is no
breaker strip.
 Lower rolling resistance and hysteresis loss leads to less
fuel consumption.

23.  Longer tread life because of less heat build in Tyre.
 Breaking efficiency on wet roads is better because of
greater sidewall flexibility and tread stiffness.
 Smaller slip angles and higher cornering power which
results in Better steering characteristics.
 While taking turns it has less tendency to distort and lift
off the road from one side.
 Larger resistance to punctures ,cuts and impacts in the
tread area.