This document provides an overview of suspension systems for automobiles. It discusses the objectives of suspension systems which are to isolate the vehicle from road shocks for ride comfort and stability. It describes the main types of suspension systems including independent suspension, solid axle systems, MacPherson strut, wishbone, and trailing link. Specific suspension designs are detailed such as wishbone and MacPherson strut suspensions. Advantages and disadvantages of independent and rigid suspension systems are given. Various emerging suspension technologies are also summarized such as air, hydroelastic, and hydraulic suspensions.
This document provides an overview of automotive axles, wheels, tires, and steering systems. It defines different types of front and rear axles such as dead axles, live axles, stub axles, and floating axles. It also discusses wheel and tire components as well as steering geometry concepts like camber, caster, toe-in, Ackerman steering and slip angles. Finally, it covers various steering linkages and gear types used in automobiles.
The document provides information about braking systems. It discusses the main functions of braking systems which are to stop the vehicle safely and control the vehicle when descending hills. It describes the two main types of braking system layouts - front/rear hydraulic split and diagonal split. It explains the components of braking systems including the brake pedal, master cylinder, brake lines, and discusses different types of braking systems such as mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic, and discusses components like brake linings. It provides diagrams to illustrate hydraulic and mechanical braking systems.
The document provides information on vehicle suspension systems. It discusses the key components of a suspension system including springs, dampers, and linkages. The goals of a suspension system are to contribute to vehicle handling/braking performance while keeping occupants comfortable by isolating them from road bumps and noise. The suspension supports the vehicle's weight, provides a smooth ride, and protects the vehicle from damage. Common types of suspension systems include dependent systems that link the two wheels and independent systems where each wheel can move independently. Key aspects like sprung mass, unsprung mass, suspension types, and springs are also summarized.
Khushin Lakshkar completed a summer internship at Khandelwal Motor Agencies in Mathura, where he studied wheels and tyres. His report discusses the differences and functions of wheels and tyres, describing tyre construction methods like tube and tubeless tyres. It also covers tyre properties, classifications including radial and bias ply construction, and maintenance like rotation and inspection. Wheel requirements and types including pressed steel, spoked, and light alloy wheels are also summarized.
Tyres have several key functions: providing contact with the road surface, acting as the primary suspension, and allowing vehicles to brake, accelerate and steer. They are made up of plies, beads, treads and sidewalls. Radial tyres have plies that run straight across from bead to bead, providing a stable footprint. Proper tyre pressure and tread depth are important to prevent aquaplaning, where a layer of water builds up between the tyre and road surface causing loss of traction.
The document provides information on rear axle drives and rear axle shafts. It discusses the Hotchkiss drive system which uses leaf springs to locate the rear axle and transmit driving forces. It is a simple and inexpensive design. The document also describes torque tube drives and compares them to Hotchkiss drives. Finally, it discusses different types of rear axle shafts including semi-floating, full-floating, and three-quarter floating axles.
This document provides an overview of suspension systems for automobiles. It discusses the objectives of suspension systems which are to isolate the vehicle from road shocks for ride comfort and stability. It describes the main types of suspension systems including independent suspension, solid axle systems, MacPherson strut, wishbone, and trailing link. Specific suspension designs are detailed such as wishbone and MacPherson strut suspensions. Advantages and disadvantages of independent and rigid suspension systems are given. Various emerging suspension technologies are also summarized such as air, hydroelastic, and hydraulic suspensions.
This document provides an overview of automotive axles, wheels, tires, and steering systems. It defines different types of front and rear axles such as dead axles, live axles, stub axles, and floating axles. It also discusses wheel and tire components as well as steering geometry concepts like camber, caster, toe-in, Ackerman steering and slip angles. Finally, it covers various steering linkages and gear types used in automobiles.
The document provides information about braking systems. It discusses the main functions of braking systems which are to stop the vehicle safely and control the vehicle when descending hills. It describes the two main types of braking system layouts - front/rear hydraulic split and diagonal split. It explains the components of braking systems including the brake pedal, master cylinder, brake lines, and discusses different types of braking systems such as mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic, and discusses components like brake linings. It provides diagrams to illustrate hydraulic and mechanical braking systems.
The document provides information on vehicle suspension systems. It discusses the key components of a suspension system including springs, dampers, and linkages. The goals of a suspension system are to contribute to vehicle handling/braking performance while keeping occupants comfortable by isolating them from road bumps and noise. The suspension supports the vehicle's weight, provides a smooth ride, and protects the vehicle from damage. Common types of suspension systems include dependent systems that link the two wheels and independent systems where each wheel can move independently. Key aspects like sprung mass, unsprung mass, suspension types, and springs are also summarized.
Khushin Lakshkar completed a summer internship at Khandelwal Motor Agencies in Mathura, where he studied wheels and tyres. His report discusses the differences and functions of wheels and tyres, describing tyre construction methods like tube and tubeless tyres. It also covers tyre properties, classifications including radial and bias ply construction, and maintenance like rotation and inspection. Wheel requirements and types including pressed steel, spoked, and light alloy wheels are also summarized.
Tyres have several key functions: providing contact with the road surface, acting as the primary suspension, and allowing vehicles to brake, accelerate and steer. They are made up of plies, beads, treads and sidewalls. Radial tyres have plies that run straight across from bead to bead, providing a stable footprint. Proper tyre pressure and tread depth are important to prevent aquaplaning, where a layer of water builds up between the tyre and road surface causing loss of traction.
The document provides information on rear axle drives and rear axle shafts. It discusses the Hotchkiss drive system which uses leaf springs to locate the rear axle and transmit driving forces. It is a simple and inexpensive design. The document also describes torque tube drives and compares them to Hotchkiss drives. Finally, it discusses different types of rear axle shafts including semi-floating, full-floating, and three-quarter floating axles.
The document discusses various types of automobile suspension systems. It describes independent suspension systems that allow each wheel to move independently and non-independent systems where the wheels are attached to a solid axle. Common types of independent suspension include MacPherson strut suspension, wishbone suspension, and solid rear axle suspension. The document also covers suspension components like springs, shock absorbers, control arms, and sway bars. It provides advantages and disadvantages of different suspension types.
The suspension system connects a vehicle to its wheels and serves two main purposes - contributing to handling and braking safety while also providing a comfortable ride by isolating the vehicle from road bumps and noise. An effective suspension balances these goals. Most modern vehicles use independent front and rear suspension systems with springs, shock absorbers, and linkages to enable each wheel to move independently without affecting the others, improving both ride and handling. The suspension aims to separate the energy of vertical wheel movements from the vehicle body.
This document discusses the steering system of vehicles. It describes the main components of a conventional linkage steering system, including the steering wheel, steering column, steering shaft, steering gearbox, pitman arm, drag link, tie rods, and knuckle arm. It also covers steering geometry concepts such as camber angle, king pin inclination, included angle, and caster angle. The steering system is designed to allow the vehicle to follow the desired path by controlling the direction of the front wheels via the hand-operated steering wheel.
The document provides information about different types of clutches used in transmission systems. It discusses the functions of transmission systems and defines what a clutch is. It then describes various types of clutches in detail, including positive clutches, friction clutches, single plate clutches, multi plate clutches, diaphragm clutches, centrifugal clutches, and free wheel clutches. It also discusses the requirements, location, and actuating mechanisms of clutches.
The document discusses various components that connect the transmission to the drive wheels, including the propeller shaft, universal joints, constant velocity joints, and slip joints. It provides details on the construction and function of each component. The propeller shaft transmits power from the transmission to the rear differential. Universal joints and constant velocity joints allow the shaft to transmit power through varying angles, while slip joints allow adjustments to the shaft length during vehicle movement.
The document discusses the components and operation of a manual transmission clutch system. It describes the main components as the flywheel, clutch disc, pressure plate assembly, and clutch release bearing. The flywheel connects to the engine and the clutch disc connects it to the transmission. The pressure plate squeezes the clutch disc to engage and disengage drive via springs or a diaphragm. The release bearing is used to disengage the clutch via the pedal linkage. Freeplay in the pedal allows full engagement without excess wear.
The air brake system uses compressed air to apply pressure to brake pads to stop large heavy vehicles. It has several main components including a brake valve to control air flow, governors to regulate air pressure, air tanks to store compressed air, air compressors to fill the tanks, brake chambers that use air pressure to engage the brakes, and slack adjusters to ensure proper brake clearance.
automobile drives systems
types of drive systems
front engine front wheel drive
front engine rear wheel drive
rear engine rear wheel drive
four wheel drive
The propeller shaft transmits power from the gearbox to the rear differential. It includes U-joints and a slip joint to adjust for length changes over bumps. There are two main types of propeller shaft: the torque tube type, which fully encloses the shaft in a hollow tube connected to the rear axle housing, and the Hotchkiss type, which absorbs torque through the rear leaf spring using a shaft with universal joints and a sliding joint. Propeller shafts must be dynamically balanced, made of hardened steel to withstand torque loads, and designed to avoid resonance at high speeds.
The document discusses wheel alignment and balancing. It defines wheel alignment as ensuring the wheels are perpendicular to the road surface and parallel to each other for straight and safe driving. Key alignment measurements like camber, caster, and toe are explained. Wheel balancing ensures the wheel and tire assembly spins smoothly at high speeds by equalizing weight distribution to minimize vibration. The benefits of proper alignment and balancing are outlined as reduced tire wear, improved safety and handling, and less stress on vehicle components. Dangers of unbalanced or misaligned wheels such as premature tire wear and vehicle pull are also noted.
The document discusses various aspects of tires and wheels, including their design and components, types of tires, defects to look for, how to read sidewall information, proper inflation and maintenance. It also covers topics like how ABS, stability control, and suspension work with tires to maximize traction. Tire pressure monitoring systems, wheel specifications, and the proper procedure for changing a tire are additionally explained.
The suspension System of an automobile is one which separates the wheel/axle assembly from the body. The primary function of the suspension system is to isolate the vehicle structure from shocks & vibration due to irregularities of the road surface.
Air Suspension System is commonly use in BMW,Mercedes,Audi types luxurious types Cars for protect from damaging, increasing life of the vehicle ,increases the handling , increases comfort of passengers and many more..
So according to me if you remove the suspension system, then you feel like in bull-cart in Audi, Mercedes, BMW type luxurious cars . The only diffrence is speed.
So the scope of Suspension System is Too Bright !!!
The document discusses various components of an automobile steering system. It describes the purpose of a steering system as allowing the driver to guide the vehicle. It then explains different types of steering gears including worm and wheel, worm and sector, cam and lever, recirculating ball, and rack and pinion gears. Each type of steering gear is described in terms of its components and how it converts rotational motion of the steering wheel into linear motion to turn the front wheels.
Wheels and Tyres: Types of Wheels, Construction, Structure and Function, Forces acting on wheels,
Wheel Dimensions, Wheel Balancing, and Wheel Alignment. Structure and Function of Tyres, Static and
Dynamic Properties of Pneumatic Tyres, Types of Tyres, Materials, Tyre Section & Designation, Factors
affecting Tyre Life, Tyre Rotation.
Bearings: Functions; classification of bearings; bearing materials; automotive bearings.
The suspension system connects a vehicle to its wheels using springs, shock absorbers, and linkages. It serves two main purposes - contributing to handling and braking, and protecting the vehicle and passengers from road shocks. Common suspension types include independent front suspensions like MacPherson struts and solid rear axles with leaf springs. Proper suspension provides cushioning, stability, and ride comfort while preventing excess body movement.
This technical seminar presentation summarizes the key components and functions of an automobile differential system. It discusses:
1) The main parts of a differential system including the pinion gear, ring gear, spider gears, differential case assembly, and rear drive axles.
2) How differentials work by allowing the outer wheels to travel farther than the inner wheels when turning, while maintaining equal torque to both wheels.
3) The drawback of a standard open differential which can send all torque to a single slipping wheel, and how limited-slip differentials address this issue.
This document discusses the history and components of automobile steering systems. It describes how early steering systems worked by pulling horse reins to turn buggy wheels. Later, systems were developed using linkages to connect the steering wheel to front wheels. Modern systems use power steering assisted by hydraulic or electric motors. Key components include the steering wheel, column, gear, rack and pinion, and linkages connecting to front knuckles to enable turning. Power steering greatly reduces steering effort for drivers.
The document discusses various types of automotive braking systems. It describes the principles of hydraulic brakes, which use fluid pressure to provide equal braking force to all wheels according to Pascal's law. Drum brakes are also summarized, noting how brake shoes expand outward to contact the rotating drum and slow the wheels. Disc brakes are outlined as having pads that clamp onto a central disc attached to the wheel. Power brakes are mentioned as using engine vacuum pressure to boost braking force applied by the driver.
The document discusses an automatic air suspension system for vehicles. It provides an introduction to air suspension systems and their role in supporting a vehicle's weight while providing a smoother ride. The key components of an air suspension system are the air supply, air bags, and height control valves. It works by using air bags made of rubber and plastic that are inflated or deflated to adjust the vehicle's height and maintain a level position. The advantages listed are excellent suspension and comfort, fully automatic level control, good handling, protection of the vehicle from damage, keeping tires firmly pressed to the ground, and increasing the life of the vehicle.
The document discusses different components of a vehicle's suspension system. It begins by defining sprung mass and unsprung mass. Sprung mass refers to parts of the vehicle supported by the suspension, like the body and frame. Unsprung mass includes components below the suspension like wheels. The document then covers various types of springs used in suspension systems, including leaf springs, coil springs, rubber springs, and torsion bars. It also discusses shock absorbers and their purpose of controlling spring motion. Finally, the key functions of a suspension system are outlined as isolating the vehicle from road shocks and providing stability, comfort, and road handling ability.
The document discusses various types of automobile suspension systems. It describes independent suspension systems that allow each wheel to move independently and non-independent systems where the wheels are attached to a solid axle. Common types of independent suspension include MacPherson strut suspension, wishbone suspension, and solid rear axle suspension. The document also covers suspension components like springs, shock absorbers, control arms, and sway bars. It provides advantages and disadvantages of different suspension types.
The suspension system connects a vehicle to its wheels and serves two main purposes - contributing to handling and braking safety while also providing a comfortable ride by isolating the vehicle from road bumps and noise. An effective suspension balances these goals. Most modern vehicles use independent front and rear suspension systems with springs, shock absorbers, and linkages to enable each wheel to move independently without affecting the others, improving both ride and handling. The suspension aims to separate the energy of vertical wheel movements from the vehicle body.
This document discusses the steering system of vehicles. It describes the main components of a conventional linkage steering system, including the steering wheel, steering column, steering shaft, steering gearbox, pitman arm, drag link, tie rods, and knuckle arm. It also covers steering geometry concepts such as camber angle, king pin inclination, included angle, and caster angle. The steering system is designed to allow the vehicle to follow the desired path by controlling the direction of the front wheels via the hand-operated steering wheel.
The document provides information about different types of clutches used in transmission systems. It discusses the functions of transmission systems and defines what a clutch is. It then describes various types of clutches in detail, including positive clutches, friction clutches, single plate clutches, multi plate clutches, diaphragm clutches, centrifugal clutches, and free wheel clutches. It also discusses the requirements, location, and actuating mechanisms of clutches.
The document discusses various components that connect the transmission to the drive wheels, including the propeller shaft, universal joints, constant velocity joints, and slip joints. It provides details on the construction and function of each component. The propeller shaft transmits power from the transmission to the rear differential. Universal joints and constant velocity joints allow the shaft to transmit power through varying angles, while slip joints allow adjustments to the shaft length during vehicle movement.
The document discusses the components and operation of a manual transmission clutch system. It describes the main components as the flywheel, clutch disc, pressure plate assembly, and clutch release bearing. The flywheel connects to the engine and the clutch disc connects it to the transmission. The pressure plate squeezes the clutch disc to engage and disengage drive via springs or a diaphragm. The release bearing is used to disengage the clutch via the pedal linkage. Freeplay in the pedal allows full engagement without excess wear.
The air brake system uses compressed air to apply pressure to brake pads to stop large heavy vehicles. It has several main components including a brake valve to control air flow, governors to regulate air pressure, air tanks to store compressed air, air compressors to fill the tanks, brake chambers that use air pressure to engage the brakes, and slack adjusters to ensure proper brake clearance.
automobile drives systems
types of drive systems
front engine front wheel drive
front engine rear wheel drive
rear engine rear wheel drive
four wheel drive
The propeller shaft transmits power from the gearbox to the rear differential. It includes U-joints and a slip joint to adjust for length changes over bumps. There are two main types of propeller shaft: the torque tube type, which fully encloses the shaft in a hollow tube connected to the rear axle housing, and the Hotchkiss type, which absorbs torque through the rear leaf spring using a shaft with universal joints and a sliding joint. Propeller shafts must be dynamically balanced, made of hardened steel to withstand torque loads, and designed to avoid resonance at high speeds.
The document discusses wheel alignment and balancing. It defines wheel alignment as ensuring the wheels are perpendicular to the road surface and parallel to each other for straight and safe driving. Key alignment measurements like camber, caster, and toe are explained. Wheel balancing ensures the wheel and tire assembly spins smoothly at high speeds by equalizing weight distribution to minimize vibration. The benefits of proper alignment and balancing are outlined as reduced tire wear, improved safety and handling, and less stress on vehicle components. Dangers of unbalanced or misaligned wheels such as premature tire wear and vehicle pull are also noted.
The document discusses various aspects of tires and wheels, including their design and components, types of tires, defects to look for, how to read sidewall information, proper inflation and maintenance. It also covers topics like how ABS, stability control, and suspension work with tires to maximize traction. Tire pressure monitoring systems, wheel specifications, and the proper procedure for changing a tire are additionally explained.
The suspension System of an automobile is one which separates the wheel/axle assembly from the body. The primary function of the suspension system is to isolate the vehicle structure from shocks & vibration due to irregularities of the road surface.
Air Suspension System is commonly use in BMW,Mercedes,Audi types luxurious types Cars for protect from damaging, increasing life of the vehicle ,increases the handling , increases comfort of passengers and many more..
So according to me if you remove the suspension system, then you feel like in bull-cart in Audi, Mercedes, BMW type luxurious cars . The only diffrence is speed.
So the scope of Suspension System is Too Bright !!!
The document discusses various components of an automobile steering system. It describes the purpose of a steering system as allowing the driver to guide the vehicle. It then explains different types of steering gears including worm and wheel, worm and sector, cam and lever, recirculating ball, and rack and pinion gears. Each type of steering gear is described in terms of its components and how it converts rotational motion of the steering wheel into linear motion to turn the front wheels.
Wheels and Tyres: Types of Wheels, Construction, Structure and Function, Forces acting on wheels,
Wheel Dimensions, Wheel Balancing, and Wheel Alignment. Structure and Function of Tyres, Static and
Dynamic Properties of Pneumatic Tyres, Types of Tyres, Materials, Tyre Section & Designation, Factors
affecting Tyre Life, Tyre Rotation.
Bearings: Functions; classification of bearings; bearing materials; automotive bearings.
The suspension system connects a vehicle to its wheels using springs, shock absorbers, and linkages. It serves two main purposes - contributing to handling and braking, and protecting the vehicle and passengers from road shocks. Common suspension types include independent front suspensions like MacPherson struts and solid rear axles with leaf springs. Proper suspension provides cushioning, stability, and ride comfort while preventing excess body movement.
This technical seminar presentation summarizes the key components and functions of an automobile differential system. It discusses:
1) The main parts of a differential system including the pinion gear, ring gear, spider gears, differential case assembly, and rear drive axles.
2) How differentials work by allowing the outer wheels to travel farther than the inner wheels when turning, while maintaining equal torque to both wheels.
3) The drawback of a standard open differential which can send all torque to a single slipping wheel, and how limited-slip differentials address this issue.
This document discusses the history and components of automobile steering systems. It describes how early steering systems worked by pulling horse reins to turn buggy wheels. Later, systems were developed using linkages to connect the steering wheel to front wheels. Modern systems use power steering assisted by hydraulic or electric motors. Key components include the steering wheel, column, gear, rack and pinion, and linkages connecting to front knuckles to enable turning. Power steering greatly reduces steering effort for drivers.
The document discusses various types of automotive braking systems. It describes the principles of hydraulic brakes, which use fluid pressure to provide equal braking force to all wheels according to Pascal's law. Drum brakes are also summarized, noting how brake shoes expand outward to contact the rotating drum and slow the wheels. Disc brakes are outlined as having pads that clamp onto a central disc attached to the wheel. Power brakes are mentioned as using engine vacuum pressure to boost braking force applied by the driver.
The document discusses an automatic air suspension system for vehicles. It provides an introduction to air suspension systems and their role in supporting a vehicle's weight while providing a smoother ride. The key components of an air suspension system are the air supply, air bags, and height control valves. It works by using air bags made of rubber and plastic that are inflated or deflated to adjust the vehicle's height and maintain a level position. The advantages listed are excellent suspension and comfort, fully automatic level control, good handling, protection of the vehicle from damage, keeping tires firmly pressed to the ground, and increasing the life of the vehicle.
The document discusses different components of a vehicle's suspension system. It begins by defining sprung mass and unsprung mass. Sprung mass refers to parts of the vehicle supported by the suspension, like the body and frame. Unsprung mass includes components below the suspension like wheels. The document then covers various types of springs used in suspension systems, including leaf springs, coil springs, rubber springs, and torsion bars. It also discusses shock absorbers and their purpose of controlling spring motion. Finally, the key functions of a suspension system are outlined as isolating the vehicle from road shocks and providing stability, comfort, and road handling ability.
The document discusses various components and types of vehicle suspension systems. It describes solid axle, double wishbone, and MacPherson strut suspensions. For each type it provides the advantages and disadvantages. It explains key suspension terminology like camber, caster, roll center, and discusses how suspension serves to isolate passengers from road vibrations while improving vehicle control and mobility.
The suspension system connects a vehicle to its wheels and serves two main purposes. It contributes to the vehicle's handling and braking while also protecting the vehicle and passengers from damage caused by bumps and vibrations in the road. The basic components of a suspension system include control arms, ball joints, springs, shock absorbers, and other linkages which work together to support the vehicle's weight and allow for steering and a smooth ride. Modern systems often use coil springs and shock absorbers in independent designs for each wheel.
The document describes the internal combustion engine. It defines an internal combustion engine as one that converts chemical energy from fuel into heat then mechanical energy. It lists the five required events for operation as air-fuel intake, compression, ignition, expansion of the burning mixture, and exhaust removal. It describes the typical components of an engine like the cylinders, pistons, valves, camshaft, and crankshaft. It explains the four-stroke cycle as intake, compression, power, and exhaust strokes and how a full cycle involves four piston strokes and two crankshaft revolutions. It provides a brief overview of the two-stroke cycle engine and its operation involving fuel-air intake and compression in one stroke and power and
The document describes an air suspension system for vehicles. It discusses how air suspension works by using pressurized air bags to carry vehicle loads, providing a smooth ride over varied load conditions. The system uses electronic controls to automatically adjust air pressure in the bags to maintain consistent ride height. It then outlines the chapters to follow, which will cover suspension system history and types, active air suspension system components and design, and fabrication of an active air suspension system.
The document discusses different types of steering gearboxes used to convert the rotary motion of a steering wheel into linear motion to turn the wheels of a vehicle. It describes 9 common types: worm and roller, worm and sector, cam and roller, reciprocating ball, rack and pinion, cam and lever, screw and nut, cam and peg, and worm and ball bearing. Each type uses different mechanical linkages and components like worms, sectors, cams, rollers, nuts, racks, pins, and balls to transfer the rotational force from the steering shaft to steering components that turn the wheels.
This document is a design project report for an unsprung mass assembly for a Formula SAE racecar. It includes sections on literature review of relevant suspension geometry concepts, a design summary of the brake disc, hub, and upright, design calculations for braking forces and bearing selection, a design analysis, and a discussion of sustainability considerations for different material choices. The goal is to design a competitive suspension system that meets Formula SAE rules and provides optimal handling and cornering performance.
The document outlines a design project to redesign a front unsprung assembly to reduce weight by 30% while maintaining strength. Key parts redesigned included the brake disc, hub, and upright. Finite element analysis was conducted and showed the redesigned upright weighed 735g with a safety factor of 9.77, meeting the weight reduction and strength objectives. 3D models of the redesigned parts indicated further weight savings. The objectives of reducing weight while maintaining strength were achieved with the redesigned assembly.
The purpose of a vehicle suspension system is to isolate passengers from road shocks and vibrations while keeping the tires in contact with the road surface. There are different types of suspension systems, including solid axles where movement on one side transfers to the other, and independent suspension where wheels can move independently to reduce body movement. Shock absorbers dampen spring oscillations by forcing oil through small holes to absorb energy from spring motions. Vehicle ride and handling are improved by keeping unsprung mass like wheels and brakes as low as possible. Air suspension uses air pressure to inflate bellows and raise the chassis from the axle, providing a smooth ride. Magnetorheological fluid suspensions change viscosity in a magnetic field to control damping.
This document discusses an electro hydraulic braking system. It begins by classifying brakes based on actuation, operation, and which wheels they act upon. It then compares traditional brakes to electro hydraulic braking systems, noting the elimination of traditional control elements and an increased operating pressure as key differences. The document outlines that an electro hydraulic braking system works by using an electric motor to activate the master cylinder, which is then regulated by a control unit based on sensor input regarding braking force. The system provides advantages of being lighter, more compact, and allowing for quicker activation than conventional braking systems. It concludes by listing various applications that could utilize an electro hydraulic braking system.
Hydraulic brakes and anti lock braking system(ABS)Krupal Vithlani
This is a presentation on Hydraulic Brakes and Antilock Braking Systems(ABS) used in majority of Vehicles now a days and one of the most technologically advanced systems in automobile or automotive sector from very basic concepts such as Hydraulics Introduction and Pascal's Law
The document discusses the suspension system of vehicles. The suspension system uses various components like springs, shock absorbers, and linkages to connect a vehicle to its wheels. It serves to protect the vehicle and passengers from road shocks and improve riding comfort while contributing to handling and braking abilities. The key components are springs that absorb shocks and dampers that restrict bouncing. Common types of springs include leaf springs, coil springs, torsion bars, and air springs. Suspension systems can be conventional, independent, air, or hydrolastic. In conclusion, suspension systems are important for protecting vehicles and providing comfortable rides.
PPT on Suspension system in automobiles By Pukhraj palariyapukhraj palariya
The document discusses different types of suspension systems used in automobiles. It describes conventional suspension systems which use rigid axles connected to leaf springs. Independent suspension systems are also covered, including MacPherson strut, double wishbone, and multi-link designs which allow individual wheel movement. Air suspension uses air bags and compressors to maintain vehicle height. Hydroelastic and hydragas suspensions connect front and rear systems using fluid to better level the vehicle.
The suspension system connects a vehicle to its wheels and serves two purposes - contributing to handling and braking while protecting the vehicle and cargo from damage. There are different types of suspension systems including conventional, independent, air, and hydraulic systems. An independent suspension system allows each wheel to move independently of the other wheels, improving ride quality. Common independent front systems are MacPherson strut and double wishbone suspensions.
The document discusses the suspension system of a vehicle, describing its basic parts like control arms, ball joints, springs, and shock absorbers, and explaining how they work together to support the vehicle's weight, provide a smooth ride, and allow for steering and cornering. It also covers different types of suspension systems like independent and non-independent suspensions, as well as how to inspect and maintain key suspension components.
Automotive braking systems use friction to convert kinetic energy into heat and slow or stop a moving vehicle. There are two main types of brakes: disk brakes and drum brakes. Disk brakes use calipers to squeeze brake pads against a rotor to create friction, while drum brakes use expanding shoe components inside a drum. Hydraulic systems multiply the force applied to the brake pedal to provide braking force at the wheels. Anti-lock braking systems help maintain steering control under heavy braking by modulating brake pressure to prevent wheel lockup.
This document discusses the propeller shaft and differential in vehicles. It provides details on:
1) The purpose of the propeller shaft is to transmit power from the transmission to the axle while allowing for changes in length and angle. Special materials are used to withstand torque loads.
2) The differential receives engine power from the propeller shaft and transfers it to the rear wheels, allowing them to rotate at different speeds during turns. It uses bevel and planetary gears to distribute torque.
3) The differential gear mechanism allows the outside wheel to rotate faster during turns by allowing the side gears to rotate at different speeds, proportional to the load on each side. This permits the vehicle to turn smoothly.
The suspension system connects a vehicle to its wheels and acts as a cushion for passengers. It supports the vehicle's weight, provides a smoother ride, protects the vehicle from damage, and keeps the wheels firmly pressed to the ground. A suspension system consists of springs, shock absorbers, and linkages that isolate road shocks and vibrations from being transferred to passengers. It allows each wheel to move up and down independently to navigate road imperfections. Common suspension types include independent and non-independent setups for both the front and rear of a vehicle.
The suspension system connects a vehicle to its wheels and acts as a cushion for passengers. It supports the vehicle's weight, provides a smoother ride, protects the vehicle from damage, and keeps the wheels firmly pressed to the ground. A suspension system consists of springs, shock absorbers, and linkages that isolate road shocks and vibrations from being transferred to passengers. It allows each wheel to move up and down independently to navigate road imperfections. Common suspension types include independent and non-independent setups for both the front and rear of a vehicle.
The suspension system connects a vehicle to its wheels using springs, shock absorbers, and linkages. It supports the vehicle's weight, provides a smoother ride by cushioning passengers from road shocks and vibrations, and keeps the wheels firmly pressed to the ground for better traction and control. The suspension system aims to maximize the ratio of sprung to unsprung weight to minimize the effect of road imperfections on passengers. Key components include springs, dampers like shock absorbers and struts, and anti-sway bars. Independent and non-independent suspension designs differ in how the wheels attach to the frame and affect factors like handling.
1) Suspension is the term given to the
system of springs, shock absorbers and
linkages that connect a vehicle to its
wheels
3) Serve a dual purpose – contributing to the
car's handling and braking.
2) Protects the vehicle itself and any cargo or
luggage from damage and wear
The document discusses the components and functions of modern vehicle suspension systems. It describes the basic components including springs, shock absorbers, stabilizer bars, control arms, and bushings. It explains how each component works to support the vehicle's weight, maintain proper wheel alignment, and reduce shock over irregular road surfaces to provide a comfortable ride. The document focuses on different types of springs used in suspensions like coil springs, leaf springs, air springs, and torsion bars. It also discusses how shock absorbers, stabilizer bars, strut rods, and bushings work within the suspension system.
This document discusses active suspension systems. It begins by introducing traditional suspension systems and their purposes. It then defines active suspension systems as using onboard control systems rather than just road inputs to control wheel movement. The document outlines the main functions of active suspensions in isolating vehicle bodies from road disturbances and maintaining tire contact. It provides details on sensors, controllers and actuators that allow active suspensions to change damping characteristics without mechanical parts. The document compares advantages of active suspensions like improved handling, braking and ride quality to disadvantages like increased complexity and cost.
The document discusses suspension systems, providing details on key components and types. It defines a suspension system as connecting a vehicle to its wheels to provide a smooth ride while protecting the vehicle from damage. Common components are described like springs, shock absorbers, control arms and ball joints. Two main types of suspensions are highlighted: independent, which allows individual wheels to move without affecting the other; and non-independent/rigid suspensions where both wheels are attached to the same solid axle. The McPherson strut and double wishbone suspensions are given as examples of independent suspensions.
The suspension system supports the vehicle, protects it from damage, and maintains proper wheel alignment. It has several key components, including springs, shock absorbers, control arms, and bushings. The suspension's functions are to maintain correct ride height, reduce shock forces, control vehicle direction, and keep the tires in contact with the road.
The Active suspension system
is a type of
automotive suspension system
which controls
the vertical movement
of the wheels
with respect to
the chassis and the vehicle body
1. Passive Suspensions
2. Self Leveling Suspensions
3. Semi-Active Suspension - Slow Active
- Low Bandwidth
- High Bandwidth
4. Full Active Suspension System
Independent suspension allows each wheel on the same axle to move vertically independently of the other. It is common for modern vehicles to have independent front suspension (IFS) and some to have independent rear suspension (IRS) as well. Independent suspension offers better ride quality and handling due to lower unsprung weight and each wheel's ability to react individually to the road. Some common independent suspension system types are MacPherson strut, double wishbone, and multi-link systems.
The document discusses various vehicle chassis and suspension system types. It describes ladder, backbone, and monocoque chassis designs. It also outlines independent and dependent suspension systems such as MacPherson strut, double wishbone, and beam axle designs. Finally, it discusses hydraulic, pneumatic, mechanical, electronic, and vacuum brake systems as well as steering system types like recirculating ball gearbox, power steering hydraulic, and power steering electro-hydraulic.
The suspension system connects a vehicle to its wheels and serves two main purposes. It contributes to the vehicle's handling and braking while also protecting the vehicle and passengers from damage caused by bumps and vibrations in the road. The basic components of a suspension system include control arms, ball joints, springs, shock absorbers, and other linkages which work together to support the vehicle's weight and allow for steering and a smooth ride. Modern systems often use coil springs and shock absorbers in independent designs for each wheel.
The suspension system connects a vehicle to its wheels and serves two main purposes. It contributes to the vehicle's handling and braking while also protecting the vehicle and passengers from damage caused by bumps and vibrations in the road. The basic components of a suspension system include control arms, ball joints, springs, shock absorbers, and other linkages which work together to support the vehicle's weight and allow for steering and a smooth ride. Modern systems often use coil springs and independent suspension for each wheel.
This document discusses an intelligent active suspension system for a two-wheeler vehicle. It begins by defining an active suspension system and its main functions of isolating the vehicle body from road disturbances and maintaining contact between the tires and road. It then describes the basic components of a suspension system, including springs, dampers, and how an active suspension differs by controlling damping characteristics electronically. The document provides details on various suspension properties, a mathematical model, and discusses advantages like improved handling and braking while also addressing higher costs as a disadvantage.
This document discusses suspension systems for vehicles. It begins by defining suspension systems and their dual purposes of contributing to vehicle handling/safety while providing passenger comfort. It then describes some of the key design conflicts around suspension geometry. Specifically, it discusses how cornering forces can cause the contact patch to deform in undesirable ways. It provides examples of different suspension geometries and how they affect camber angle and contact patch deformation during turns and over bumps. The document outlines the objectives of reducing passenger discomfort, improving safety, and reducing slip during corners. It concludes by describing various properties of suspension systems that are important to consider in the design process such as spring rate, wheel rate, weight transfer, travel, damping, and more.
The suspension system connects a vehicle to its wheels using springs, shock absorbers, and linkages. It serves two purposes - contributing to handling and braking while also protecting the vehicle and cargo from road shocks. There are two main types of suspension systems - rigid/non-independent and independent. Rigid suspension connects both sides of the axle together while independent suspension allows each wheel to move independently. Common components of suspension systems include coil springs, shock absorbers, control arms, and sway bars which help provide cushioning, stability, and ride comfort.
The document discusses the suspension system in automobiles. It defines the suspension system as the system of springs, shock absorbers, and linkages that connect a vehicle to its wheels. The suspension system serves two main purposes - to contribute to the vehicle's handling and braking, and to protect the vehicle and any cargo from damage. The document goes on to describe the different components of the suspension system, including control arms, ball joints, springs, and shock absorbers. It also discusses the two main types of suspension systems - independent and non-independent suspension.
The document discusses suspension systems in vehicles. It defines a suspension system as the system of springs, shock absorbers, and linkages that connect a vehicle to its wheels. Suspension systems serve two main purposes - contributing to a vehicle's handling and braking ability, and protecting the vehicle and passengers from damage caused by road conditions. The key components of a suspension system are described as control arms, ball joints, springs, and shock absorbers. Different types of springs and suspensions systems like independent suspensions and types of stub axles are also outlined.
The document discusses different types of vehicle suspension systems. It describes how suspension systems like leaf springs, independent suspension, wishbone suspension, and air suspension work to isolate passengers from road vibrations and maintain vehicle stability. It also covers types of tires, factors that affect tire life, and the purpose of wheel alignment in directing the wheels for stability and smooth rolling.
Fleet management these days is next to impossible without connected vehicle solutions. Why? Well, fleet trackers and accompanying connected vehicle management solutions tend to offer quite a few hard-to-ignore benefits to fleet managers and businesses alike. Let’s check them out!
Implementing ELDs or Electronic Logging Devices is slowly but surely becoming the norm in fleet management. Why? Well, integrating ELDs and associated connected vehicle solutions like fleet tracking devices lets businesses and their in-house fleet managers reap several benefits. Check out the post below to learn more.
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2. INTRODUCTION
Suspension system is the term given to the system of
springs, shock absorbers and linkages that connects a
vehicle to its wheels . It is basically cushion for
passengers protects the luggage or any cargo and also
itself from damage and wear.
Sir William Brush is the father of suspension system in
automobiles.
3. ROLE OF SUSPENSION
SYSTEM
The main role of suspension system are as follows:
It supports the weight of vehicle .
Provides smoother ride for the driver and passengers i.e. acts as
cushion.
Protects your vehicle from damage and wear .
It also plays a critical role in maintaining self driving conditions.
It also keeps the wheels pressed firmly to the ground for traction .
It isolates the body from road shocks and vibrations which would
otherwise be transferred to the passengers and load.
4. PRINCIPLE OF SUSPENSION
Principle :-When a tire hits an obstruction, there is a
reaction force. The size of this reaction force depends on the
unsprung mass at each wheel assembly.
In general, the larger the ratio of sprung weight to
unsprung weight, the less the body and vehicle occupants
are affected by bumps, dips, and other surface imperfections
such as small bridges. A large sprung weight to unsprung
weight ratio can also impact vehicle control.
5. DEFINITIONS OF
SPRUNG &UNSPRUNG MASS
Sprung mass :-Sprung mass (weight) refers to vehicle
parts supported on the suspension system, such as the
body, frame, engine, the internal
components, passengers, and cargo.
Unsprung mass :- Unsprung mass
refers to the components that follow
the road contours, such as wheels, tires,brake assemblies,
and any part of the steering and suspension not supported by
the springs.
6. WORKING OF SUSPENSION
SYSTEM
No road is perfectly flat i.e. without irregularities. Even a freshly
paved highways have subtle imperfections that can be interact
with vehicle’s wheels. These are the imperfections that apply
forces on wheels.
According to Newton ‘s law of motion all forces have
both magnitude and direction.
A bump in the road causes the wheel to move up and
down perpendicular to the road surface. The magnitude of
course ,depends on whether the wheel is striking a giant
bump or a tiny speck. Thus, either the wheel experiences a
vertical acceleration as it passes over an imperfection.
8. PARTS OF TYPICAL
SUSPENSION
The suspension of a car is actually part of the chassis,
which comprises all of the important systems located
beneath the car's body. These system include :
Frame
Suspension system
Steering system
Tires or Wheels
14. • Anti-sway Bars:- Anti-sway
bars (also known as anti-
roll bars) are used along
with shock absorbers or
struts to give a moving
automobile additional
stability. An anti-sway bar
is a metal rod that spans
the entire axle and
effectively joins each side
of the suspension
together.
17. ADVANTAGES
Comfort to passengers
Good handling
Shields the vehicle from damage
Increases life of vehicle
Keeps the tires pressed firmly to ground
20. CONCLUSION
From the whole discussion in suspension system, I observe that
suspension system is like a white blood cell .As white blood cell
provides energy to our body to fight against diseases or viruses
which try to destroy or try to decrease our life ,in the similar way
suspension system provides the energy to a vehicle to protect
itself from damaging, increasing life of the vehicle ,increases the
handing,increases comfort of passengers and many more.
So, according to me if you remove the suspension system, then
you feel like in bull- cart in Audi , Mercedes types luxurious cars.
The only difference is speed.
So, the scope of Suspension System is Too Bright.