This document provides an overview of suspension systems for automobiles. It discusses the objectives of suspension systems which are to isolate the vehicle from road shocks for ride comfort and stability. It describes the main types of suspension systems including independent suspension, solid axle systems, MacPherson strut, wishbone, and trailing link. Specific suspension designs are detailed such as wishbone and MacPherson strut suspensions. Advantages and disadvantages of independent and rigid suspension systems are given. Various emerging suspension technologies are also summarized such as air, hydroelastic, and hydraulic suspensions.

1. SEMINAR
ON
SUSPENSION SYSTEMS

2. INTRODUCTION
The automobile chassis is mounted on axles,not
direct but through some form of springs. This is
done to isolate the vehicle body from the road
shocks which may be in the form of bounce, roll or
sway &pitch. These all are gives to rise to an
uncomfortable ride and also cause to additional
stress in automobile frame and body .All the parts
which perform the function of isolating automobile
vehicle from the road shocks are collectively called
a suspension system.

3. To prevent the road shocks and from being
transmitted to the vehicle components.
To safeguard the occupants from road shocks.
To preserve the stability of vehicle in pitching
or rolling , vehicle in motion.
OBJECTIVES

4. CONCE
PT
Suspension is the term given to the system of
springs, shock absorbers and linkages that connects a
vehicle to its wheels.
Serve a dual purpose – contributing to the vehicle
handling and braking.
Protects the vehicle itself and any cargo or
luggage from damage and wear

5. typesSuspension system
INDEPENDENT SUSPENSION
SYSTEM
NON-INDEPENDENT OR
RIGID SUSPENSION
MAC PHERSON STRUT
WISHBONE
VERTICLE GUIDE
TRAILING LINK
SWING HALF AXLES
SOLID AXLE LEAF SPRING
SOLID AXLE COIL SPRING
AIR
SUSPENSION
HYDRO ELASTIC
SUSPENSION

6. Non-independent/Rigid suspension has both right
and left wheel attached to the
same solid axle. When one wheel hits a bump in the
road, its upward movement
causes a slight tilt of the other wheel.
RIGID
SUSPENSION

7. ANIMATI
ON

8. This system is simple construction but less
comfort due to low sprung & unsprung
weight.
It is used in truck’s front and rear axle
suspension and also used in car’s rear wheel
suspension.
It is used in heavy duty vehicle suspension
system.
SOLID AXLE
LEAF SPRING SOLID AXLE COIL
SPRING

9. Independent suspension
Independent suspension allows one wheel to move
up and down with minimal
effect to the other.
It is always used in front axle suspension system.

10. ANIMATIO
N

11. Better stability and steering
More ride comfort
Better road holding capacity to helps to better
handling and cornering .
More complex design.
More maintenance cost.
More wear and tear.
Less overall strength.
ADVANTAG
ES
DISADVAN
TAGES

12. TYPES
WISHBONE TYPE SUSPENSION
This is also called as parallel link type suspension
system. This system is the most popular
suspension system. This system used coil springs in
common for this type suspension .

13. The upper and lower wishbone arms are pivoted to
frame .
The spring is placed between the lower wishbone
and under side of the cross member.
The vehicle weight is transmitted from the body
and cross member to the coil spring through the
lower wishbone.
The shock absorber is placed inside the coil spring
and it is attached to cross member and lower
wishbone.
The upper wishbone member is shorter than the
lower wishbone member .

14. MAC PHERSON STRUT
In this system used only lower wishbone only ,So it
is also called as single wishbone suspension system.
This system is simple construction rather than
others.
This system used in maruthi-800cc cars.
This system is contain roll bar to provides increase
road safety ,improve ride comfort ,light and self
stabilizing steering.

15. VERTICAL GUIDE SUSPENSION
In this suspension the king pin is directly attached
to the cross member of the frame.
It can be slide up or down corresponding to the
motion of the wheel and there by compressing or
elongation the springs .
In this system ,the wheel track ,the wheel base and
wheel altitude remains unchanged.
This system is only disadvantages is less stability.

16. TRAILING LINK SUSPENSION
In this type of suspension ,a helical coil spring is arranged in
horizontal position rather then the vertical position .
One end of the spring is fixed to cross member of the spring
and other end with one end of trailing link.
The other end of the trailing link is attached to the shaft
which carries wheel hub.
When the wheel moves up and down ,it winds and unwinds
the helical spring to absorb shocks due to road irregularities .
To check the vibrations of the spring by multi-plate shock
absorber is located at the end of the cross member .

17. SWINGING HALF AXLES SUSPENSION
In this type of suspension system the wheels are
rigidly fixed on the half axles, so it is called as the
swinging half axles suspension.
The half axles are pivoted on chassis member at the
centre of the car .
The half axles are connected with the coil spring
and shock absorber to frame .
It is very simple construction but main disadvantage
is to vary the chamber angle .

18. • Comprises of compressor , supplying air to air tank
• Pressure maintained – 5.6 to 7 kg/sq.m
• As load applied , air bags compressed actuating the
levelling valve .
• Air from the tank fills the compressrd air bag &
hence raise the level of the frame.
• Air from air bag gets released as load on chassis
decreases .
AIR SUSPENSION

19. HYDROLASTIC SUSPENSION
• a system where the front and rear suspension
systems were connected together in order to better
level the car when driving.
• The front and rear suspension units have
Hydrolastic displacers, one per side.
• These are interconnected by a small bore pipe.
Each displacer incorporates a rubber spring
• Damping of the system is achieved by rubber valves.

20. ADVANTAGES
It provides softer motion of vehicle .
It reduces wheel wobbling (rocking motion )or
unsteady motion .
It provides more space for engine
accommodation .
During the steering operation to provide low
unsprung weight.
The movement of the spring on one wheel is
not transmitted to other wheel.
To reduce shocks of road irregularities.

21. DISADVANTAGE
S
Cost of the automobile vehicle is increased .
Design is complicated.
Low strength.
APPLICATIONS
Applications of the suspension system
are the automobile vehicles

22. CONCLUSION
Finally we conclude the suspension system is
more important for automobile vehicles .you
choose better suspension system for designing
automobile
All the best for the all design mechanical
engineers…….