Unit IV Reciprocating pump with air vessel
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An air vessel is fitted to reciprocating pumps to provide continuous and uniform fluid flow. It contains compressed air above liquid and has an opening where liquid can flow in and out. This allows the pump to run at high speeds without separation. The document also describes equations to calculate head loss due to friction in suction and delivery pipes at different points in the stroke, as well as equations for pressure head in the cylinder.
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Okay, let's solve this step-by-step:
* Pressure ratio (R) = 5
* Air consumption (m) = 30 kg/s
* Inlet temperature (T1) = 15°C = 288 K
* Inlet pressure (P1) = 1 bar = 100 kPa
* Isentropic efficiency (ηis) = 0.85
* For an isentropic process:
P2/P1 = R
* Using the isentropic relation:
T2/T1 = (P2/P1)^((γ-1)/γ)
* Where γ for air = 1.4
* T2 = 288 * 5
Similar to Unit IV Reciprocating pump with air vessel (20)
Cooling Tower:-By Using More Efficient Equipment Increase Efficiency
Cooling Tower:-By Using More Efficient Equipment Increase Efficiency
Flow phenomena of a siphonic roof outlet anqip format
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Turbo jet engine
The document discusses different types of jet engines. It describes the basic workings of a turbo jet engine including its thermodynamic cycle and performance characteristics. It then compares the turbo jet to turbo prop and turbo fan engines. The turbo prop combines a jet engine with a propeller, driven by a reduction gearbox, allowing for better fuel efficiency at lower speeds but adding complexity. The turbo fan divides the air into primary and secondary streams, using some of the air to bypass the engine for additional thrust at lower velocities than a turbo jet alone.
Unit v
The document summarizes the key components and operation of a liquid propellant rocket engine. It discusses that a liquid propellant rocket engine uses liquid fuel (like refined petrol or liquid hydrogen) and liquid oxygen that are pumped into a combustion chamber along with a preheated fuel-oxidizer mixture. The combustion of this mixture in the chamber produces high pressure and temperature gases that are expanded through a nozzle to produce high velocity thrust. Some advantages are reusability, controllability, and high specific impulse for long range operations. Disadvantages include more complex construction, higher costs, safety issues, larger size, and need for vibration insulation.
Unit ii Flow through circular pipes
The document discusses flow through circular pipes. It considers a horizontal pipe of radius R with a fluid element of radius r sliding through the viscous fluid. An equation is derived for the velocity profile by equating shear stress and rate of deformation. The equation contains an integration constant C which is determined using the boundary condition that velocity is 0 at the pipe wall (r=R). This allows determining the maximum velocity Umax at the center of the pipe (r=0). The flow rate per second through an elementary ring is also defined. Finally, the drop in pressure over the length of the pipe is mentioned.
Unit IV Centriufugal and reciprocating pump
This document discusses centrifugal pumps and reciprocating pumps. It describes the key parts and working of a centrifugal pump, including the impeller, casing, suction and delivery pipes. The impeller rotates and increases the kinetic energy and pressure of the fluid. Characteristic curves showing variations in head, power and discharge with speed are also explained. For reciprocating pumps, the mechanical energy is converted to hydraulic energy by a piston moving back and forth in a cylinder.
Unit ii Process Planning
This document discusses process planning. It defines process planning as systematically determining how a product will be manufactured economically. The objectives are to prepare instructions for manufacturing a product and its parts along with specifications. Process planning activities include analyzing part requirements, determining operation sequences, selecting equipment, calculating times, and documenting plans. Common approaches are manual and computer-aided process planning (CAPP), which can be retrieval-based or generative.
Unit ii usm
Ultrasonic machining uses abrasive slurry and a vibrating tool to remove small chips of metal from a workpiece. It consists of an oscillator, transducer, tool, and slurry system. The oscillator converts electrical energy to high-frequency mechanical vibrations in the transducer. These vibrations are transmitted to the tool via the transducer cone and tool holder. As the tool vibrates at ultrasonic frequencies, abrasive particles in the slurry remove material from the workpiece through abrasion. The metal removal rate depends on factors like the abrasive grain size, material, slurry concentration, vibration amplitude, and frequency.
Chm & ecm
This document discusses chemical and electrochemical energy based machining processes. It describes chemical machining (CHM) where material is removed through controlled etching, and electrochemical machining (ECM) where material is removed via ion displacement in a chemical solution. Specific processes covered include CHM, ECM, electrochemical grinding (ECG), electrochemical honing (ECH), and electrochemical deburring (ECD). The document provides details on the construction, working principles, and applications of these various chemical and electrochemical energy based machining techniques.
Electrical discharge machining
The document discusses Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM). EDM is a manufacturing process where a desired shape is obtained by removing material from a workpiece using electrical discharges between two electrodes separated by a dielectric liquid. As the distance between the electrodes is reduced, current flows due to dielectric breakdown causing material removal from both electrodes. EDM was invented in the 1940s and has since improved, increasing machining speeds and reducing costs. EDM can machine hard metals and intricate shapes without needing to soften the material. The main components of an EDM system are the power supply, dielectric medium, workpiece and tool electrodes, and servo control unit. Material is removed through the formation and collapse of plasma channels between the electrodes during
Dielectric
1) Dielectric fluids used in EDM must provide an oxygen-free environment for machining, have strong dielectric resistance to prevent electrical breakdown, and ionize during sparking. Common dielectric fluids are kerosene and deionized water.
2) Electrode materials for EDM tools must have high electrical and thermal conductivity for efficient sparking and less tool wear, and high melting points to prevent material removal from the tool. Common materials are graphite, copper, and brass.
3) Proper flushing of dielectric fluid is important to remove debris from the spark gap and prevent short-circuiting, improving surface finish and material removal rate. Common flushing techniques are pressure, reverse, suction, jet
Wjm unit ii
Water jet machining uses high-pressure water to cut soft, non-metallic materials. It works by converting the kinetic energy of the water jet into pressure energy when it strikes the material, inducing stresses that exceed the material's shear strength and loosening small chips. The water jet machining system consists of a pump to pressurize water, which is then accelerated through a nozzle to cut the material. It allows clean, precise cutting without thermal damage and is suitable for cutting intricate contours in materials like paper, plastics, wood and rubber.
Unit ii ajm
The document discusses abrasive jet machining (AJM). It describes the principle, construction, working, advantages, disadvantages, applications, characteristics and factors affecting the material removal rate in AJM. The key points are:
1. AJM uses a high-speed stream of abrasive particles mixed with compressed air or gas to machine hard, brittle materials.
2. It consists of a mixing chamber, nozzle, pressure gauge and other components to mix and direct the abrasive particles.
3. AJM can machine intricate shapes without heat or contact, but has a low material removal rate and requires dust collection.
CE 6451 FMM Unit 1 Properties of fluids
Dr. A. Asha
Professor Mechanical Engineering
Kamaraj College of Engineering & Technology, July 2017
MG 6863 FORMULA SHEET ENGINEERING ECONOMICS
Dr. A. Asha
Professor/Mechanical Engineering
Kamaraj College of Engineering & Technology
virudhunagar
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Department of Mechanical Engineering
Kamaraj College of engineering & Technology, Virudhunagar
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Professor/Mechanical Engineering
Kamaraj College of Engineering & Technology
Virudhunagar
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The document discusses various types of maintenance including corrective, scheduled, preventive, and predictive maintenance. It defines each type and provides examples. Preventive maintenance aims to detect and prevent failures through systematic inspection and minor repairs. The objectives are to keep equipment available and maintain production efficiency. Predictive maintenance uses sensors to predict issues before failure. Replacement analysis considers when to replace assets based on factors like deterioration, obsolescence, and cost. Various replacement problems are examined, including economic life and choosing between existing and new assets.
UNIT – I.ppt
This document provides an introduction to economics. It defines economics as the study of how limited resources are used to satisfy unlimited human wants. The objectives of economics are outlined as a high level of employment, price stability, efficiency, an equitable distribution of income, and growth. The flow of goods, services, resources and money payments in a simple economy is described involving households, business firms, and the payments between them. The law of supply and demand and the factors influencing supply and demand are explained. Engineering economics is introduced as analyzing alternatives within a project to compare monetary returns. The concepts of cost, revenue, profit, break even analysis, and margin of safety are defined in the context of economics.
UNIT V DEPRECIATION
This document discusses various methods of depreciation including straight line, declining balance, sum of years digits, sinking fund, and service output methods. It provides definitions and formulas for calculating depreciation and book value under each method. Examples are given to demonstrate how to use the formulas to calculate depreciation and book value for different time periods and asset information. Causes of depreciation and evaluation of public alternatives are also briefly covered.
MG 6863- ENGG ECONOMICS UNIT II VALUE ENGINEERING
This document discusses value engineering interest formulas and their applications. It begins by defining value analysis and its aims to critically analyze costs and design of components. Different types of values like cost, exchange and use values are explained. Interest formulas for single payment compound amount, present worth amount and uniform gradient series are provided along with examples. The key steps in value engineering procedure are outlined. Effective interest rate calculation is also demonstrated with an example.
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Null Bangalore | Pentesters Approach to AWS IAM
#Abstract:
- Learn more about the real-world methods for auditing AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management) as a pentester. So let us proceed with a brief discussion of IAM as well as some typical misconfigurations and their potential exploits in order to reinforce the understanding of IAM security best practices.
- Gain actionable insights into AWS IAM policies and roles, using hands on approach.
#Prerequisites:
- Basic understanding of AWS services and architecture
- Familiarity with cloud security concepts
- Experience using the AWS Management Console or AWS CLI.
- For hands on lab create account on [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
# Scenario Covered:
- Basics of IAM in AWS
- Implementing IAM Policies with Least Privilege to Manage S3 Bucket
- Objective: Create an S3 bucket with least privilege IAM policy and validate access.
- Steps:
- Create S3 bucket.
- Attach least privilege policy to IAM user.
- Validate access.
- Exploiting IAM PassRole Misconfiguration
-Allows a user to pass a specific IAM role to an AWS service (ec2), typically used for service access delegation. Then exploit PassRole Misconfiguration granting unauthorized access to sensitive resources.
- Objective: Demonstrate how a PassRole misconfiguration can grant unauthorized access.
- Steps:
- Allow user to pass IAM role to EC2.
- Exploit misconfiguration for unauthorized access.
- Access sensitive resources.
- Exploiting IAM AssumeRole Misconfiguration with Overly Permissive Role
- An overly permissive IAM role configuration can lead to privilege escalation by creating a role with administrative privileges and allow a user to assume this role.
- Objective: Show how overly permissive IAM roles can lead to privilege escalation.
- Steps:
- Create role with administrative privileges.
- Allow user to assume the role.
- Perform administrative actions.
- Differentiation between PassRole vs AssumeRole
Try at [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
smart pill dispenser is designed to improve medication adherence and safety f...
Smart Pill Dispenser that boosts medication adherence, empowers patients, enables remote monitoring, enhances safety, reduces healthcare costs, and contributes to data-driven healthcare improvements
Height and depth gauge linear metrology.pdf
Height gauges may also be used to measure the height of an object by using the underside of the scriber as the datum. The datum may be permanently fixed or the height gauge may have provision to adjust the scale, this is done by sliding the scale vertically along the body of the height gauge by turning a fine feed screw at the top of the gauge; then with the scriber set to the same level as the base, the scale can be matched to it. This adjustment allows different scribers or probes to be used, as well as adjusting for any errors in a damaged or resharpened probe.
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AI + Data Community Tour - Build the Next Generation of Apps with the Einstei...
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Build the Next Generation of Apps with the Einstein 1 Platform.
Rejoignez Philippe Ozil pour une session de workshops qui vous guidera à travers les détails de la plateforme Einstein 1, l'importance des données pour la création d'applications d'intelligence artificielle et les différents outils et technologies que Salesforce propose pour vous apporter tous les bénéfices de l'IA.Applications of artificial Intelligence in Mechanical Engineering.pdf
Historically, mechanical engineering has relied heavily on human expertise and empirical methods to solve complex problems. With the introduction of computer-aided design (CAD) and finite element analysis (FEA), the field took its first steps towards digitization. These tools allowed engineers to simulate and analyze mechanical systems with greater accuracy and efficiency. However, the sheer volume of data generated by modern engineering systems and the increasing complexity of these systems have necessitated more advanced analytical tools, paving the way for AI.
AI offers the capability to process vast amounts of data, identify patterns, and make predictions with a level of speed and accuracy unattainable by traditional methods. This has profound implications for mechanical engineering, enabling more efficient design processes, predictive maintenance strategies, and optimized manufacturing operations. AI-driven tools can learn from historical data, adapt to new information, and continuously improve their performance, making them invaluable in tackling the multifaceted challenges of modern mechanical engineering.
AI-Based Home Security System : Home security
Home security is of paramount importance in today's world, where we rely more on technology, home
security is crucial. Using technology to make homes safer and easier to control from anywhere is
important. Home security is important for the occupant’s safety. In this paper, we came up with a low cost,
AI based model home security system. The system has a user-friendly interface, allowing users to start
model training and face detection with simple keyboard commands. Our goal is to introduce an innovative
home security system using facial recognition technology. Unlike traditional systems, this system trains
and saves images of friends and family members. The system scans this folder to recognize familiar faces
and provides real-time monitoring. If an unfamiliar face is detected, it promptly sends an email alert,
ensuring a proactive response to potential security threats.
Object Oriented Analysis and Design - OOAD
This ppt gives detailed description of Object Oriented Analysis and design.
Call For Paper -3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence Advan...
* Registration is currently open *
Call for Research Papers!!!
Free – Extended Paper will be published as free of cost.
3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence Advances (AIAD 2024)
July 13 ~ 14, 2024, Virtual Conference
Webpage URL: https://aiad2024.org/index
Submission Deadline: June 22, 2024
Submission System URL:
https://aiad2024.org/submission/index.php
Contact Us:
Here's where you can reach us : aiad@aiad2024.org (or) aiadconference@yahoo.com
WikiCFP URL: http://wikicfp.com/cfp/servlet/event.showcfp?eventid=180509©ownerid=171656
#artificialintelligence #softcomputing #machinelearning #technology #datascience #python #deeplearning #tech #robotics #innovation #bigdata #coding #iot #computerscience #data #dataanalytics #engineering #robot #datascientist #software #automation #analytics #ml #pythonprogramming #programmer #digitaltransformation #developer #promptengineering #generativeai #genai #chatgpt #artificial #intelligence #datamining #networkscommunications #robotics #callforsubmission #submissionsopen #deadline #opencall #virtual #conference
Supermarket Management System Project Report.pdf
Supermarket management is a stand-alone J2EE using Eclipse Juno program.
This project contains all the necessary required information about maintaining
the supermarket billing system.
The core idea of this project to minimize the paper work and centralize the
data. Here all the communication is taken in secure manner. That is, in this
application the information will be stored in client itself. For further security the
data base is stored in the back-end oracle and so no intruders can access it.
Use PyCharm for remote debugging of WSL on a Windo cf5c162d672e4e58b4dde5d797...
This document serves as a comprehensive step-by-step guide on how to effectively use PyCharm for remote debugging of the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) on a local Windows machine. It meticulously outlines several critical steps in the process, starting with the crucial task of enabling permissions, followed by the installation and configuration of WSL.
The guide then proceeds to explain how to set up the SSH service within the WSL environment, an integral part of the process. Alongside this, it also provides detailed instructions on how to modify the inbound rules of the Windows firewall to facilitate the process, ensuring that there are no connectivity issues that could potentially hinder the debugging process.
The document further emphasizes on the importance of checking the connection between the Windows and WSL environments, providing instructions on how to ensure that the connection is optimal and ready for remote debugging.
It also offers an in-depth guide on how to configure the WSL interpreter and files within the PyCharm environment. This is essential for ensuring that the debugging process is set up correctly and that the program can be run effectively within the WSL terminal.
Additionally, the document provides guidance on how to set up breakpoints for debugging, a fundamental aspect of the debugging process which allows the developer to stop the execution of their code at certain points and inspect their program at those stages.
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Software Engineering and Project Management - Introduction, Modeling Concepts...
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Building the Analysis Models: Requirement Analysis, Analysis Model Approaches, Data modeling Concepts, Object Oriented Analysis, Scenario-Based Modeling, Flow-Oriented Modeling, class Based Modeling, Creating a Behavioral Model.
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODEL
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
一比一原版(CalArts毕业证)加利福尼亚艺术学院毕业证如何办理
CalArts毕业证学历书【微信95270640】CalArts毕业证’圣力嘉学院毕业证《Q微信95270640》办理CalArts毕业证√文凭学历制作{CalArts文凭}购买学历学位证书本科硕士,CalArts毕业证学历学位证【实体公司】办毕业证、成绩单、学历认证、学位证、文凭认证、办留信网认证、（网上可查，实体公司，专业可靠）
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1.高仿业务:【本科硕士】毕业证,成绩单（GPA修改）,学历认证（教育部认证）,大学Offer,,ID,留信认证,使馆认证,雅思,语言证书等高仿类证书；
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3.技术服务：钢印水印烫金激光防伪凹凸版设计印刷激凸温感光标底纹镭射速度快。
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1客户提供办理信息：姓名生日专业学位毕业时间等（如信息不确定可以咨询顾问：我们有专业老师帮你查询）；
2开始安排制作毕业证成绩单电子图；
3毕业证成绩单电子版做好以后发送给您确认；
4毕业证成绩单电子版您确认信息无误之后安排制作成品；
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-办理真实使馆公证（即留学回国人员证明）
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-全套服务：毕业证成绩单真实使馆公证真实教育部认证。让您回国发展信心十足！
（详情请加一下 文凭顾问+微信:95270640）欢迎咨询！子小伍玩小伍比山娃小一岁虎头虎脑的很霸气父亲让山娃跟小伍去夏令营听课山娃很高兴夏令营就设在附近一所小学山娃发现那所小学比自己的学校更大更美操场上还铺有塑胶跑道呢里面很多小朋友一班一班的快快乐乐原来城里娃都藏这儿来了怪不得平时见不到他们山娃恍然大悟起来吹拉弹唱琴棋书画山娃都不懂却什么都想学山娃怨自己太笨什么都不会斟酌再三山娃终于选定了学美术当听说每月要交元时父亲犹豫了山娃也说爸算了吧咱学校一学期才转
LLM Fine Tuning with QLoRA Cassandra Lunch 4, presented by Anant
Slides for the 4th Presentation on LLM Fine-Tuning with QLoRA Presented by Anant, featuring DataStax Astra
原版制作(Humboldt毕业证书)柏林大学毕业证学位证一模一样
原件一模一样【微信：bwp0011】《(Humboldt毕业证书)柏林大学毕业证学位证》【微信：bwp0011】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
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4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Prediction of Electrical Energy Efficiency Using Information on Consumer's Ac...
Energy efficiency has been important since the latter part of the last century. The main object of this survey is to determine the energy efficiency knowledge among consumers. Two separate districts in Bangladesh are selected to conduct the survey on households and showrooms about the energy and seller also. The survey uses the data to find some regression equations from which it is easy to predict energy efficiency knowledge. The data is analyzed and calculated based on five important criteria. The initial target was to find some factors that help predict a person's energy efficiency knowledge. From the survey, it is found that the energy efficiency awareness among the people of our country is very low. Relationships between household energy use behaviors are estimated using a unique dataset of about 40 households and 20 showrooms in Bangladesh's Chapainawabganj and Bagerhat districts. Knowledge of energy consumption and energy efficiency technology options is found to be associated with household use of energy conservation practices. Household characteristics also influence household energy use behavior. Younger household cohorts are more likely to adopt energy-efficient technologies and energy conservation practices and place primary importance on energy saving for environmental reasons. Education also influences attitudes toward energy conservation in Bangladesh. Low-education households indicate they primarily save electricity for the environment while high-education households indicate they are motivated by environmental concerns.
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Software Engineering and Project Management - Introduction, Modeling Concepts...
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODEL
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODEL
LLM Fine Tuning with QLoRA Cassandra Lunch 4, presented by Anant
LLM Fine Tuning with QLoRA Cassandra Lunch 4, presented by Anant
Prediction of Electrical Energy Efficiency Using Information on Consumer's Ac...
Prediction of Electrical Energy Efficiency Using Information on Consumer's Ac...
Unit IV Reciprocating pump with air vessel
- 1. RECIPROCATING PUMP WITH AIR VESSEL
- 3. AIR VESSEL • An air vessel is a closed chamber containing compressed air in the top portion and liquid in the bottom of the chamber. • At the base of the vessel there is a opening where the liquid can flow in and out of the vessel. • Air vessel is fitted for the following reasons (a) To obtain continuous supply of fluid at a uniform rate (b) To save a considerable amount of work in overcoming the frictional resistance in the suction and delivery pipe. (c) To run the pump at a high speed without separation
- 10. EFFECT OF ACCELERATION AND FRICTION IN SUCTION AND DELIVERY PIPES DUE TO FRICTION • The loss of head due to friction at the beginning of the suction stroke and delivery stroke (i.e) θ = 00 hfs = 0 • The loss of head due to friction at the middle of the suction and delivery stroke (i.e) θ = 900 hfs = 4𝑓𝑙 𝑠 2𝑔𝑑 𝑠 ( 𝐴𝜔𝑟 𝑎 𝑠 )2 • The loss of head due to friction at the end of the suction and delivery stroke (i.e) θ = 1800 hfs = 0
- 11. PRESSURE HEAD IN THE CYLINDER • Pressure head in the cylinder at the beginning of the suction stroke = 10.3-(hs+has) • Pressure head in the cylinder at the middle of the suction stroke = 10.3-(hs+hfs) • Pressure head in the cylinder at the end of the suction stroke = 10.3-(hs-has) • Pressure head in the cylinder at the beginning of the delivery stroke = 10.3+(hd+had) • Pressure head in the cylinder at the middle of the delivery stroke = 10.3+(hd+hfd) • Pressure head in the cylinder at the end of the delivery stroke = 10.3+(hd-had)