This document discusses types of classifiers used in mineral processing. There are two main types - wet classification and dry classification. Wet classifiers separate minerals based on differences in settling velocities in water, and include spiral classifiers, hydraulic classifiers, and hydrocyclones. Dry classifiers separate minerals using air flow and centrifugal forces, and include gravitational, centrifugal, and gravitational inertial classifiers. The document provides details on how different classifier types operate and the size ranges they can be used to separate.
Ores are typically sorted to increase the efficiency of other refining processes, by reducing the amount of material to be processed while simultaneously increasing its purity. This module explains the ore separation processes.
MAGNETIC TYPES. ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION, Electrostatic separation advantages over any other processes ,types of equipment ,Application Electrostatic separation.
Mineral Processing
Jaw crusher
gyratory Crusher
beneficiaton
roll crusher
screening separation classifier
grinding crushing law dry grinding wet grinding Ned university My-203
Dense Medium Separation is Gravity Separation Method in Mineral Processing. It is widely used in coal cleaning technology and Coal preparation and in other ores like lead, zinc, manganese, fluorspar, diamond.
Ores are typically sorted to increase the efficiency of other refining processes, by reducing the amount of material to be processed while simultaneously increasing its purity. This module explains the ore separation processes.
MAGNETIC TYPES. ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION, Electrostatic separation advantages over any other processes ,types of equipment ,Application Electrostatic separation.
Mineral Processing
Jaw crusher
gyratory Crusher
beneficiaton
roll crusher
screening separation classifier
grinding crushing law dry grinding wet grinding Ned university My-203
Dense Medium Separation is Gravity Separation Method in Mineral Processing. It is widely used in coal cleaning technology and Coal preparation and in other ores like lead, zinc, manganese, fluorspar, diamond.
Treatments of ores to concentrate their valuable constituents (minerals) into products (concentrate) of smaller bulk, and simultaneously to collect the worthless material (gangue) into discardable waste (tailing), are called as ore dressing/ mineral processing methods. This module explains the methods adopted in mineral processing.
Mineral Processing: Crusher and Crushing; Secondary and Tertiary Crushing Circuits; Types of Crusher; Types of Crushing; Types of Jaw Crushers; Impact Crusher; Types of Cone Crushers; Ball Mill; BEST STONE MANUFACTURERS; Local Quality and High quality ; International and Country/Hand made
Classification Equipment
This cone crusher is suitable for crushing various kinds of ores and rocks with medium over hardness and it has the features of reliable structure, high production efficiency, convenient adjustment and economic use. The spring safety system is the overload protection device which is able to make the iron go through the crushing chamber without damaging machine.
Solution Mining; Technology of the Salt Production; Rock salt (NaCl); Sylvinite; Solution mining of carnallitite with; two wells; selective dissolution; hot leaching; Methods to control the size of the caverns; INTRODUCTION; TECHNOLOGY OF SOLUTION MINING; FRASCH PROCESS-SULFUR PRODUCTION; TECHNOLOGY OF THE SALT PRODUCTION; What is Rock salt ?; Evaporite deposits ; Rock salt; Sylvinite; Carnallite; HEAP LEACHING; Heap leach production model; Important parameters during metallurgical testing; Staged Approach to Heap Leach Testwork and Design; Uranium Heap Leaching; Uranium Ore Minerals; Basic Geochemistry of Uranium Minerals; Copper Heap Leaching; Layout of copper bio-heap pilot plant; Laterite heap leaching; Nickel Laterite Deposits; Proposed counter-current heap leach arrangement; Neutralizing potential of laterites in 6 meter column; Advantages and Problems of Solution Mining
Treatments of ores to concentrate their valuable constituents (minerals) into products (concentrate) of smaller bulk, and simultaneously to collect the worthless material (gangue) into discardable waste (tailing), are called as ore dressing/ mineral processing methods. This module explains the methods adopted in mineral processing.
Mineral Processing: Crusher and Crushing; Secondary and Tertiary Crushing Circuits; Types of Crusher; Types of Crushing; Types of Jaw Crushers; Impact Crusher; Types of Cone Crushers; Ball Mill; BEST STONE MANUFACTURERS; Local Quality and High quality ; International and Country/Hand made
Classification Equipment
This cone crusher is suitable for crushing various kinds of ores and rocks with medium over hardness and it has the features of reliable structure, high production efficiency, convenient adjustment and economic use. The spring safety system is the overload protection device which is able to make the iron go through the crushing chamber without damaging machine.
Solution Mining; Technology of the Salt Production; Rock salt (NaCl); Sylvinite; Solution mining of carnallitite with; two wells; selective dissolution; hot leaching; Methods to control the size of the caverns; INTRODUCTION; TECHNOLOGY OF SOLUTION MINING; FRASCH PROCESS-SULFUR PRODUCTION; TECHNOLOGY OF THE SALT PRODUCTION; What is Rock salt ?; Evaporite deposits ; Rock salt; Sylvinite; Carnallite; HEAP LEACHING; Heap leach production model; Important parameters during metallurgical testing; Staged Approach to Heap Leach Testwork and Design; Uranium Heap Leaching; Uranium Ore Minerals; Basic Geochemistry of Uranium Minerals; Copper Heap Leaching; Layout of copper bio-heap pilot plant; Laterite heap leaching; Nickel Laterite Deposits; Proposed counter-current heap leach arrangement; Neutralizing potential of laterites in 6 meter column; Advantages and Problems of Solution Mining
This work deals with the application of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) for cyclone modeling on three-dimensional unstructured mesh using the Reynolds Stress turbulence model, a standard k-ε or a k-É model and Large Eddy simulation. Large-eddy simulations (LES) is performed on the gas flow in a cyclone at Re = 280,000. Numerical analysis of flow characteristics and separation efficiency in a high-efficiency cyclone is carried out. The model is only estimated the cyclone's performance under the limited environments; it is difficult to obtain a general model for all the types of cyclones. The purpose of this study is to find out the flow characteristics and separation efficiency numerically using ANSYS Fluent software. The Reynolds stress model (RSM), standard k-ε model and Large Eddy simulations are used in this work to know the flow separation characteristics. The models represent the 3-D, time-dependent flow analysis. CFD velocity profiles, and pressure drops for all the time-dependent flows are compared and discussed. Some details of the flow in the relatively small region in the vicinity of the inlet have strong influence on the separation process is checked with the simulations. The cyclone flow field pattern is simulated and analyzed with the aid of velocity components and static pressure contour plots.
This ppt explains the Soild-Liquid Seperation process and the interceptors used for them.The whole presentations explains the introduction of Solid Waste Management with the help of interceptors.
Batch sedimentation
What is sedimentation…?
Goals of gravity s sedimentation
Applications of sedimentation
zone settling velocity
Factors affecting zone settling velocity
Design of Zone Settling Tanks
What is Thickener and Clarifiers…?
Thickener Area Calculation
Types of clarifier
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
3. INTRODUCTION
Mineral processing is that crushes and separates ore
into valuable substance and waste or gaunge by a
variety of techniques i.e beneficiation, mineral
dressing, ore processing, mineral extraction etc……..
This mineral processing plays a major role in
Extractive metallurgy.
This Extractive metallurgy has been defined as the
science and art of extracting metals from their ores,
refining them and preparing them for use.
In extractive metallurgy there are commonly occurs
as
Mineral processing
Pyro metallurgy
electro metallurgy
Hydro metallurgy.
4. ORE DRESSING
Ore dressing is also called as beneficiation
Ore dressing is a primary stage in the
extraction of a metal from an ore in which as
much gangue is removed and the ore is
prepared for smelting, refining etc.
Ore dressing is also called as concentration
of ores ,washing of ores, reduction ores
etc……
5. CLASSIFICATION
Classification is define as a method of
separating mixtures of mineral particles into
two or more products according to their settling
velocities in water or air.
Classification is performed on the basis of
velocity with which the material particles fall
through a fluid medium i.e water or air
The velocity of particles in a fluid medium is
dependent not only in the size but also in
specific gravity and shape of the particles
6. TYPES OF CLASSIFIERS
Based on their separation principles classifiers are
classified into two types
Wet classification
Mechanical classifiers
Spiral classifiers
Hydraulic classifier
Hydro cyclone classifiers
Dry classification
Gravitational classifiers
Gravitational inertial classifiers
Centrifugal classifiers
7. WET CLASSIFICATION
Wet classifiers are based on the principle that separation of coarse
particles from fine particles by water or any other liquid.
In wet classifiers coarse particles move faster than fine particles at equal
density.
High density particles move faster than low density particles at equal size.
Industrial classification may be carried out in different types of classifiers
and these classifiers are normally
(i) hydraulic classifiers,
(ii) mechanical classifiers, and
(iii) cyclones.
Basically they all work according to the principle that the particles are
suspended in water which has a slight upward movement relative to the
particles.
Particles below a certain size and density are carried away with the water-
flow, whereas the coarser and heavier particles settle.
8. SPIRAL CLASSIFIER
The spiral classifier is also called as helical
classifier
Spiral classifier is also comes under
mechanical classifier
Spiral can be of single pitch or double pitch.
Single pitch spirals consist of one continuous
spiral ribbon.
The double pitch spiral has twice the raking
capacity of a single pitch assembly and consists
of two duplicate spiral ribbons.
9. CONT.……………..
It is made by combining a gravity settler of rectangular section with a
sloped transport spiral for the sediment. It consists of a semi
cylindrical trough (a trough which is semi-circular in cross- section)
inclined to the horizontal.
The spiral rotates about the axis with in the tank.
The sediments, at the lower end are collected by the spiral, and lifted
upwards.
If the spiral rotates in the clockwise direction from the top end, then
the sediments will move upwards.
There are three designs of semi cylindrical troughs are available.
Straight side design is generally suitable for coarse separations.
Modified flare design increases pool area for intermediate to fine
separations and for washing and dewatering.
Full flare design provides maximum pool area for fine to very fine
separations and for washing and dewatering where large volumes of
water are to be handled.
wet classification with spiral classifiers using separation by gravity
typically covers the size range of 100 micrometers to 1000
10.
11. HYDRO CYCLONE CLASSIFIER
Hydro-cyclones are used by in mining industry to separate minerals
based on size and density.
Slurry is given a vigorous rotation in the cyclone which generates a
radial force field.
Large/dense particles are driven to the outer regions and underflow,
while small and light particles are attracted to the core and overflow.
Wet classification with hydro-cyclones for using separation centrifugal
force covering the size range of 10 micrometers to 100 micrometers.
Although the hydro cyclone by nature is a size controlling machine
the number of applications in mineral are many such as
(i) classification in grinding circuits,
(ii) dewatering and thickening,
(iii) desliming and washing,
(iv) enrichment of heavy minerals (dense media separation
12.
13. HYDRAULIC CLASSIFIER
Hydraulic classifier is a device used to
concentrate an ore based on difference
between the densities of ore and gangue
particles. This process is called levigation.
The powered ore is feed into a conical
reservoir. A strong current of water agitates
the powered ore, lighter gangue particles rise
up while heavier ore particle sink down.
14.
15. DRY CLASSIFICATION
Dry classifiers are based on the air fluidization.
Air classification is a process of separating categories of
materials by way differences in their respective aerodynamic
characteristics.
Dry classification using separation by centrifugal force typically
covers the range of 5 micrometers to 150 micrometers.
The process consists of interaction of a moving stream air ,
material particles, and the gravitational force within a confined
volume .
The confined volume in which the separation takes place is called
an Air classifier.
Air classifiers may be one of a number of designs. The three
principle group of designs are horizontal , inclined ,vertical .
Gravitational, centrifugal, gravitational inertial classifiers comes
under Dry classifications.
16. GRAVITATIONAL CLASSIFIER
Gravitational classifier are design for coarser separation
in the range of 12 mesh size 100 mesh size.
The feed material is spread over the width of the
classifiers and drops as continuous feed curtain through
the top of the classifier.
Low velocity air enters the classifier through the front
inlet and is drawn through the feed curtain which is
dropping in front of the angled vanes on the air outlet. The
air stream enters the feed curtain perpendicularly and
draws the finer particles from the curtain of material. The
air current then draws the particles up almost vertical
through the vane rack.
Gravitational classifiers are suitable for closing grinding
circuits, de-dusting of coarser feeds, reducing a high feed
loading rate to a finer classifier and it can also be used as
a density separator.
17.
18. GRAVITATIONAL INERTIAL CLASSIFIERS
The feed material enters the top of the classifier in a
downward
The primary air enters the top of the classifier in a
downward direction
The air makes a 120° change in direction and exits
through the vanes carrying fine particles with it
The coarse particles, too heavy to make the turn, fall
to the bottom to be discharged by a valve.
Secondary air, injected below the vanes, passes
through the curtain of falling particles. Those particles
near cut point in size are diverted by the secondary air
stream into an eddy current within the heart-shaped
chamber. The fines, some captured as they enter the
unit and others drawn from the eddy, are carried by
the exiting air to a fabric filter or cyclone for final
recovery.
19.
20. CENTRIFUGAL CLASSIFIERS
The centrifugal classifier utilizes centrifugal forces in a
similar way to cyclones to in- duce fine particle
separation
The classifier has widespread acceptance in industrial
minerals, cement and fly ash applications where its high
degree of separation accuracy and exceptionally low
maintenance requirements exceeds operator
expectations.
The classifier is used in conjunction with a dust collector
and system fan.
Systems can have an open or closed loop dependent
on application and numerous dust collector and silo
21.
22. CONCLUSION
Ore dressing is a primary stage in the extraction
of a metal from an ore in which as much gangue
is removed and the ore is prepared for smelting,
refining etc.
Classification is the method of separating
minerals mixtures of minerals into two or more
products on the basis of velocity with which the
grains the fall through a fluid medium the fluid
medium is usually water and wet classification is
applied to mineral particles which are considered
too fine to be sorted.
There are so many types of classifiers which is
23. REFERENCES
Mineral Processing by Pryore.J
Course of mining Geology by
R.N.P.Arogyaswamy
Basics in Mineral Processing
Ore dressing by Robert H. Richards, S.B