This document discusses different methods of transportation used in underground mines. It describes various systems used for ore transportation including rope haulages, conveyor belts, shuttle cars and locomotives. Rope haulages can be direct, endless or use a main and tail configuration. Conveyor belts include standard belt conveyors as well as scraper and rigid chain variants. The document also covers different means of transporting miners, specifically man riding chair lifts and car systems, providing examples of specifications from mines in India.
TRANSPOTATION SYSTEM
. C o n f i d e n t i a l TRANSPORT SYSTEM The main methods of transport are as follows: A. Rope Haulage 1. Direct rope haulage
. C o n f i d e n t i a l ROPE HAULAGE
. C o n f i d e n t i a l Direct Rope Haulage Simplest system
TRANSPOTATION SYSTEM
. C o n f i d e n t i a l TRANSPORT SYSTEM The main methods of transport are as follows: A. Rope Haulage 1. Direct rope haulage
. C o n f i d e n t i a l ROPE HAULAGE
. C o n f i d e n t i a l Direct Rope Haulage Simplest system
rock excavation, different open cast or open pit excavation machinery, application, limitations, highwall miner, bucket wheel excavatorr, bucket chain excavator, shovels
In this pdf one can get the different types of equipment used in surface mines which is very important from the examination point of view. important regulations are also included in this .
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This mine having two Incline, one is used for haulage roadways and other as traveling road ways,
Coal is transported from underground to surface with the help of direct haulage
Coal produced is transported to Sorani Thermal power station either by road or by railways near by board gauge riding
Daily out put is 250 tones
5. It is situated near half km from Parasiya and about 26 km from Chhindwara
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4. Rope haulages
Direct rope haulages
Endless rope haulages
Main and tail rope haulages
5. Direc rope haulage
Consist of one pulling rope and one haulage drum for hauling minerals in tubs or
mine cars up a gradient which is generally steeper than 1 in 10.
The haulage engine is situated at the top of an inclined roadway.
The train of tubs is attached to one end of the rope, the other end being fixed to
the haulage drum
The empty tubs attached to the end of the haulage rope travel on the down
gradient by their own weight and do not require power from the haulage engine
6. Direct rope haulage and track layout
http://www.aphmel.com/images/inner/man-riding-car-system-
img2.jpg
7. End less rope haulages
In this system there are two parallel tracks side by side.
One for loaded tubs and another for empty tubs and the endless rope passing
from the driving drum located at out bye end of the haulage road to the in bye end
and back again via a tension bogey.
The tubs loaded as well as empties are attached to the rope with regular interval
with the help of clips so that the entire rope length has tubs on it at intervals
9. Main and tail rope haulage
The hauling engine is provided with two separate drums one for the main rope,
which haul the full train out and one for the tail which haul for the empty train in.
When one drum is in gear, the other revolves freely on the shaft but controlled
when necessary, by the brake to keep the rope taut.
The main rope is approximately equal to the length of the plane and the tail ropes
twice this length.
Only one track is required.
10. Main and tail rope
https://www.google.co.in/search?q=main+and+tail+rope+haulage&espv=2&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUK
Ewjq28LCgpXMAhXCGqYKHUIKD4sQ_AUIBygB&biw=1920&bih=971#imgrc=FxkiRdIV2zg9cM%3A
12. Diesel locomotive
It is commonly used. Their weight ranges from 3 to 15 te and the power from 15 to
75 KW
The power unit is a diesel engine with 2,3 or 4 cylinders of 4 stroke cycle,
compression ignition type.
Heavy duty locos are of 6 cylinders
The intake air going to the engine passes first through a filter and then through a
flame trap. Similar flame trap is fitted on the exhaust side of the diesel engine
14. Electric battery locomotive
The power unit is a DC electric motor receiving its current from a storage battery
carried in a casing on the upper part of the chasis.
It is for light and medium duties as they are less powerful, though battery locos of
13 te weight available in our country.
It is quiet in operation and produces no objectionable fumes, produces less heat,
can meet an appreciable overload of short duration.
Range is from 4 – 70 KW continuous rating.
16. Over head wire locomotive
It is equipped with electric motor fed with current from overhead electric wire
through a long pole which is kept pressed against the overhead conductor by
spring tension.
Only direct current is supplied to the overhead wires though in some foreign
countries A.C. is permitted
The D.C supply to overhead wires is at 250 volts.
It is used in coal mines near Kurasia colliery and few other coal mines of degree-1
gassiness
19. BELT CONVEYNOR
The belt conveyor is basically an endless belt in a straight line
stretched between two drums, one driving the system and the
other acting as a return drum.
In coal mines and other mines of stratified deposits, where the
underground mineral if won by longwall method, the transport
media often consists of conveyor .
20. SCRAPER CHAIN CONVEYNOR
The capacity of a commonly used scraper chain conveyor is 30 to 40 tph on a level
roadway, nearly 50 m long and the drive motor is of 12- 15 KW.
The main application of scraper chain conveyors in underground is transportation
at the face and adjoining short workings, where they are ready to withstand
mining condition.
They are also used to haul the coal along gate roads over short distances before it
is feed to gate belt conveyor.
They are also used for transporting on inclines having an angle of inclination
exceeding 180 where belt conveyors are not used.
They are also used on the surface for conveying coal from shaft to bunker as well
as in screening and washing plants.
21. Rigid chain conveyor
A rigid chain conveyor essentially consists of stationary steel troughs, each usually
2m long, connected together end to end, and an endless chain with flights moving
in the troughs.
Adjacent troughs are secured together and to the frame underway both
The capacity is 30- 40 tph on a level roadway, nearly 50m long and 15KW motor.
23. Shuttle cars
A shuttle car is a pneumatic tire mounted, electrically driven and low-height
transport vehicle of 5-7 te capacity with an open topped and open-ended body,
used for transport of mineral from face to a central loading point.
One shuttle car operating within 90 m range and fed by a 4 te/min mechanical
loader is capable of transporting nearly 150 te of coal per shift.
24.
25. Men transportation
Man riding systems
i) man riding chair lift system
ii) man riding car system
26. Man Riding Chair Lift or Ski Lift System
Two way men riding simultaneously.
The pulley carriages are spaced at 11 m interval in a roadway.
A distance of 15 m is maintained between two chairs.
Electric motor upto 70 KW.
Gradients upto 300 and distances upto 2500 m.
28. Chair lift man riding systems used in GDK
mines:-
It negotiates a curve of 30 degree gradient
2000 m long.
2m wide roadway
Speed of 2 m/s
Transport 100 men/h
29. Man riding chair
A rope hauled monorail system embodies an overhead I section rail suspended
from roadway supports or roof bolts carrying a train of trolleys, lifting beams or
man riding cabins or chairlift man riders which run on the bottom flanges with
captive rollers engaging the web.
One end of the endless rope is attached to the trolleys etc. whilst the other
terminates at a rope storage drum attached to and forming part of the train of
trolleys.
31. Man riding car system specifications used in
GDK mines:-
Type of Man riding System : Chair Car
Cost of the Project : 211 lakhs.
Length of the road way : 1.2 k.m.
Speed of the rope : 8 kmph
Total cycle time / 1 trip : 22 min.
Capacity of Man Riding System / Hour : 84 x 3 = 252 persons
