This is collage training presentation about Indian Railways,History of Railway, about Northern Railway, Components of train coaches ,special systems of coaches , breaking system in coaches,specila checking techniques,
Nuclear reactors were first developed for naval propulsion in the 1940s and the first nuclear-powered submarine, the USS Nautilus, launched in 1955. Over 140 ships have since been powered by more than 180 small nuclear reactors, accumulating over 12,000 reactor years of operation at sea. Nuclear power is well-suited for naval vessels that need to operate for long periods without refueling or for powerful submarine propulsion. Reactors contain over 100 tons of shielding and use steam to drive turbines that power the ship and propellers, operating independently of the atmosphere to allow extended underwater missions. Naval reactors undergo repeated power changes and meet high safety and quality standards for long-term operation with inaccessible internals.
The traction motor shed was established in 1973 to meet the maintenance needs of electric locomotive motors for Indian Railways. It performs reclamation, rewinding, and manufacturing of traction motor armatures, staters, and auxiliary machines. The shed has different sections for auxiliary motors, testing, millwright work, armature winding, stator winding, and coil manufacturing. It overhauls traction motors which use dynamic braking to generate electricity during braking and supply auxiliary loads in electric locomotives.
The document discusses an alternative propulsion system called APS that uses electric motors instead of diesel engines. It provides advantages like reduced vibration, noise and emissions. The APS allows for innovative energy sources like solar, wind and natural gas. It also enables different propulsion modes like silent night mode. An example installation on an 85-foot Benetti yacht demonstrated smooth operation at 5-6 knots without noise or vibration. A new concept called Auxilia improves on previous APS designs with larger electric motors that can interface with any engine or gearbox type.
The document discusses electric propulsion systems for marine vessels. It provides an overview of conventional power plants and their disadvantages. It then discusses the history and development of electric propulsion systems, including early experimental systems from the late 19th century through modern commercial applications starting in the 1920s. The document outlines several types of electric propulsion systems and their components. It discusses the advantages of electric propulsion systems, including improved efficiency, emissions reductions, and operational flexibility compared to conventional systems.
The document summarizes the Hyperloop transportation system, which is a proposed mode of transportation that would transport passengers at 760 mph in floating pods through a near-vacuum tube. Key points include that it is being developed by Elon Musk as a faster and more energy efficient alternative to existing modes like trains, planes and cars. The Hyperloop works by accelerating pods with magnetic acceleration in an airless tube, allowing them to glide at speeds over 600 mph. It has potential advantages of being faster, cheaper, and more environmentally friendly than existing options.
The diesel engine was invented in the year 1893, by a young German Engineer, called Rudolf Diesel. But it was only nineteen years later, that the first Diesel locomotive came into existence.
Nuclear reactors were first developed for naval propulsion in the 1940s and the first nuclear-powered submarine, the USS Nautilus, launched in 1955. Over 140 ships have since been powered by more than 180 small nuclear reactors, accumulating over 12,000 reactor years of operation at sea. Nuclear power is well-suited for naval vessels that need to operate for long periods without refueling or for powerful submarine propulsion. Reactors contain over 100 tons of shielding and use steam to drive turbines that power the ship and propellers, operating independently of the atmosphere to allow extended underwater missions. Naval reactors undergo repeated power changes and meet high safety and quality standards for long-term operation with inaccessible internals.
The traction motor shed was established in 1973 to meet the maintenance needs of electric locomotive motors for Indian Railways. It performs reclamation, rewinding, and manufacturing of traction motor armatures, staters, and auxiliary machines. The shed has different sections for auxiliary motors, testing, millwright work, armature winding, stator winding, and coil manufacturing. It overhauls traction motors which use dynamic braking to generate electricity during braking and supply auxiliary loads in electric locomotives.
The document discusses an alternative propulsion system called APS that uses electric motors instead of diesel engines. It provides advantages like reduced vibration, noise and emissions. The APS allows for innovative energy sources like solar, wind and natural gas. It also enables different propulsion modes like silent night mode. An example installation on an 85-foot Benetti yacht demonstrated smooth operation at 5-6 knots without noise or vibration. A new concept called Auxilia improves on previous APS designs with larger electric motors that can interface with any engine or gearbox type.
The document discusses electric propulsion systems for marine vessels. It provides an overview of conventional power plants and their disadvantages. It then discusses the history and development of electric propulsion systems, including early experimental systems from the late 19th century through modern commercial applications starting in the 1920s. The document outlines several types of electric propulsion systems and their components. It discusses the advantages of electric propulsion systems, including improved efficiency, emissions reductions, and operational flexibility compared to conventional systems.
The document summarizes the Hyperloop transportation system, which is a proposed mode of transportation that would transport passengers at 760 mph in floating pods through a near-vacuum tube. Key points include that it is being developed by Elon Musk as a faster and more energy efficient alternative to existing modes like trains, planes and cars. The Hyperloop works by accelerating pods with magnetic acceleration in an airless tube, allowing them to glide at speeds over 600 mph. It has potential advantages of being faster, cheaper, and more environmentally friendly than existing options.
The diesel engine was invented in the year 1893, by a young German Engineer, called Rudolf Diesel. But it was only nineteen years later, that the first Diesel locomotive came into existence.
The document provides information on various underground transport methods used in mines, including:
1) Rope haulage systems like direct rope haulage, main and tail rope haulage, and endless rope haulage.
2) Locomotive haulage using diesel, electric, or compressed air locomotives.
3) Conveyor systems like belt and chain conveyors.
4) Gravity or self-acting haulage which uses the weight of loaded carts to pull empty carts uphill.
This document provides information about different transport systems and their speeds and time taken to cover 100 km. It then discusses the Hyperloop transport concept unveiled by Elon Musk. It describes the key components of a Hyperloop system including an electromagnetic motor, compressor fan, air bearings, and solar panels. It outlines proposed Hyperloop projects for the UAE and India, providing details on routes, speeds, travel times, costs, and comparisons to bullet trains. It concludes with encouragement to never give up.
The document summarizes the Hyperloop transportation system proposed by Elon Musk. The Hyperloop would use reduced-pressure tubes to enable pressurized capsules to ride on an air cushion and be propelled at airline speeds using linear induction motors and air compressors. The key components of the Hyperloop system include capsules that can carry 28 passengers at speeds up to 1200km/hr, tubes that are partially evacuated to reduce air resistance, and propulsion via advanced linear motors. The Hyperloop aims to provide fast, affordable transportation that is safer, faster, lower cost and more convenient than existing options. Additional testing and research is still needed to further develop the control mechanisms and station designs.
This document proposes a new mode of transportation called a hyperloop. A hyperloop would use pods that travel inside low pressure tubes propelled by linear electric motors. It could achieve average speeds of 800 kmph and top speeds of 1600 kmph. The key components would be capsules for passengers, low pressure tubes supported by pylons, an air compressor and air caster on each capsule for movement, and solar power. Advantages include higher speed, lower costs, sustainability, and safety. Challenges include maintaining low pressure in long tubes and developing efficient turns.
The document describes the concept of a vactrain, which is a magnetically levitated train that would run inside an evacuated tunnel or pipe with no air resistance. This would allow the train to consume very low power and travel at extremely high speeds of up to 5000 mph. The document provides a history of related concepts like pneumatic tube transport and discusses modern proposals like the Hyperloop. It also describes the working principles, potential advantages like speed and energy efficiency, and disadvantages like risks of puncturing the tunnel. Simulation results are presented showing the aerodynamic challenges of high-speed travel in a tube.
The Mt. Washington Cog Railway in New Hampshire has introduced its first diesel locomotive to complement its historical fleet of coal-fired steam locomotives. The new biodiesel locomotive, powered by a John Deere engine, aims to offer visitors a cleaner and more cost-effective travel option while also helping to preserve the steam engines by reducing costs. It was built by the Cog railway's own shop crew following a long tradition. The diesel locomotive uses a hydrostatic powertrain featuring Parker hydraulic components to drive the locomotive up the mountain. This new technology is hoped to monitor the locomotive's position and better coordinate train schedules while maintaining the historical experience for visitors.
Hyperloop is a proposed method of transportation that would transport people in pods or capsules traveling inside vacuum tubes at over 700 mph. The pods would be supported by air bearings and accelerated by linear induction motors inside the tubes. Key features include the tubes, which would be made of steel and supported by pylons; the capsules, which would be aerodynamically designed and hold up to 28 passengers; and the propulsion and levitation systems, which use compressors, air bearings, and linear induction motors to move the pods at high speeds while keeping them aloft. Proponents argue Hyperloop could provide fast, affordable, safe, and sustainable transportation between cities.
The document provides an overview of inplant training at Chennai Port Trust. It describes various aspects of port operations including diesel locomotives used to transport cargo, electric cranes used to load and unload containers, fuel transport via pipelines, substations and their components. It also discusses navigation lights, cameras and other electronics onboard ships. The conclusion emphasizes that the hands-on practical training was a valuable experience that enhanced theoretical knowledge of port operations.
It is very basic power point presentation that illustrates the basic idea about hyperloop.
Since a ppt must contains as less words as possible , it is designed in that way only.
For complete information about this hyperloop ppt you have to watch "coldfusion hyperloop" video on youtube.
This document provides an overview of the Hyperloop high-speed transit system concept proposed by Elon Musk. It describes Hyperloop as consisting of passenger or freight pods that would travel within low pressure tubes and be propelled using linear accelerators and magnetic levitation. Key points include that Hyperloop would be the fastest transit option and use renewable energy. The document outlines the proposed components, working principles, and specifications of Hyperloop systems, as well as discussing proposed construction projects and the potential advantages and disadvantages.
Hyperloop is a proposed method of transportation that would transport people in pods or capsules traveling inside vacuum tubes at high speeds, reducing travel times significantly. The document discusses the key components of a Hyperloop system including the tube construction, capsules, compressor fans, air bearings, propulsion via linear induction motors, and air suspension. Hyperloop aims to provide faster travel that is more convenient and environmentally friendly compared to existing high-speed trains or airplanes. Some advantages mentioned are reduced travel times, no traffic issues, solar power, ability to operate in all weather, lower costs than other modes of transport, minimal disruption along the route, and resistance to earthquakes.
The document discusses the Hyperloop, a proposed method of transportation involving capsules traveling at high speeds through low pressure tubes. It is described as the fifth mode of transportation and aims to be faster and cheaper than existing options like rail, road, air, and water. Key components of the Hyperloop system include tubes, capsules, air bearings, propulsion via linear induction motors, and low pressures within the tubes. Advantages include higher speeds, lower costs, reduced pollution, and increased safety over traditional transportation methods. The concept was originally invented in the 1800s but has since been developed by Elon Musk and others.
The document proposes a new transportation system called Hyperloop to connect Los Angeles and San Francisco. Hyperloop would use low-pressure tubes and magnetic acceleration to move pods carrying passengers at airline speeds for a fraction of the cost of high-speed rail. Key aspects of the proposed Hyperloop design include pressurized pods that glide on a cushion of air, solar-powered propulsion via linear electric motors, and an elevated structure to minimize land impacts and protect against earthquakes. The estimated total cost is under $6 billion and travel time would be around 30 minutes each way.
Transportation is essential for delivering coal from mines to energy plants. There are various transportation methods used depending on factors like cost, efficiency, and terrain. The main types of transport systems are continuous systems like conveyor belts, and non-continuous systems using trucks, trains, barges, ships, and slurry pipelines. Each method has advantages and drawbacks around costs, environmental impacts, and flexibility to access different locations. Safety is a primary concern in transporting coal.
The document provides a report on vocational training received by four students at various Indian Railway locations. It summarizes their visits to Sealdah station power house and substation where they observed feeders, transformers, and the 25kV autotransformer system. It also describes visits to Barasat car shed where they learned about overhead electrification systems, pantographs, and traction motors. Their final visit was to Narkeldanga car shed where they examined equipment like pantographs, transformers, rectifiers, and protection circuits used in electric multiple unit trains.
The document presents an overview of the Hyperloop transportation system. It describes Hyperloop as consisting of low pressure tubes that contain capsules transported at low and high speeds. The key components are the low pressure tube, capsule, electromagnetic launch system, axial compressor, and suspension. It discusses the technical aspects like tube pressure, capsule payload, and propulsion. The document concludes that Hyperloop has advantages of being faster, lower cost, and more sustainable than existing transportation while also having technical challenges to overcome.
Ship Propulsion Systems. Maximum Fuel Economy Through SimulationYann Rageul
Ship Propulsion and Auxiliary machinery optimisation through simulation tools. Capable of optimising marine propulsion architecture including hybrid system (energy storage, fuel cell, gas turbine, diesel engines, etc.) under different operating conditions (slow steaming, high hotel load, rapid response, etc.)
The document discusses electric locomotives. It provides a brief history, noting the first electric locomotive was built in 1837 powered by batteries. It then gives an overview of electric locomotives, explaining they run on electricity from overhead lines or third rails using pantographs. The main internal parts of an electric locomotive are identified as transformers, rectifiers, traction motors, and air compressors. Some advantages of electric locomotives are they do not produce smoke or as much heat and noise as diesel locomotives, and have simpler engines making them more efficient.
Hyperloop is a proposed method of high-speed ground transportation, proposed by Elon Musk, that would transport passengers at airline speeds but using magnetically levitated capsules or pods within a near-vacuum tube. The presentation details the Hyperloop system, which would use solar-powered electric propulsion and air bearings to enable estimated travel times between Los Angeles and San Francisco of just 30 minutes at speeds up to 800 mph. Key aspects include the tube design, low-pressure environment, linear motor accelerators, and potential stations along the proposed route between the two cities. However, some experts believe the estimated $6 billion cost is too low given the challenges of developing an entirely new transportation system.
The document summarizes the history and development of maglev trains. It discusses how the first ideas for an electromagnetic levitation train were conceived in 1922 in Germany. The first full-scale functioning maglev train was built in 1969 by a government research project. In the late 1980s and 1990s, the Transrapid 07 maglev train was developed and set speed records, traveling over 248,000 miles by 1996. The document also describes the basic principles and differences between electromagnetic suspension (EMS) and electrodynamic suspension (EDS) systems for maglev trains.
The document provides information about a summer training project conducted from June 11 to July 10, 2015 at the Electric Loco Shed in Kanpur, India. It discusses the history and components of Indian Railways and the Kanpur loco shed. Specifically, it covers the types of locomotives held at the Kanpur shed, the main sections of the shed, locomotive symbols and gauges, bogie and spring components, and analyzes the failure of springs in locomotives.
The document provides information on various underground transport methods used in mines, including:
1) Rope haulage systems like direct rope haulage, main and tail rope haulage, and endless rope haulage.
2) Locomotive haulage using diesel, electric, or compressed air locomotives.
3) Conveyor systems like belt and chain conveyors.
4) Gravity or self-acting haulage which uses the weight of loaded carts to pull empty carts uphill.
This document provides information about different transport systems and their speeds and time taken to cover 100 km. It then discusses the Hyperloop transport concept unveiled by Elon Musk. It describes the key components of a Hyperloop system including an electromagnetic motor, compressor fan, air bearings, and solar panels. It outlines proposed Hyperloop projects for the UAE and India, providing details on routes, speeds, travel times, costs, and comparisons to bullet trains. It concludes with encouragement to never give up.
The document summarizes the Hyperloop transportation system proposed by Elon Musk. The Hyperloop would use reduced-pressure tubes to enable pressurized capsules to ride on an air cushion and be propelled at airline speeds using linear induction motors and air compressors. The key components of the Hyperloop system include capsules that can carry 28 passengers at speeds up to 1200km/hr, tubes that are partially evacuated to reduce air resistance, and propulsion via advanced linear motors. The Hyperloop aims to provide fast, affordable transportation that is safer, faster, lower cost and more convenient than existing options. Additional testing and research is still needed to further develop the control mechanisms and station designs.
This document proposes a new mode of transportation called a hyperloop. A hyperloop would use pods that travel inside low pressure tubes propelled by linear electric motors. It could achieve average speeds of 800 kmph and top speeds of 1600 kmph. The key components would be capsules for passengers, low pressure tubes supported by pylons, an air compressor and air caster on each capsule for movement, and solar power. Advantages include higher speed, lower costs, sustainability, and safety. Challenges include maintaining low pressure in long tubes and developing efficient turns.
The document describes the concept of a vactrain, which is a magnetically levitated train that would run inside an evacuated tunnel or pipe with no air resistance. This would allow the train to consume very low power and travel at extremely high speeds of up to 5000 mph. The document provides a history of related concepts like pneumatic tube transport and discusses modern proposals like the Hyperloop. It also describes the working principles, potential advantages like speed and energy efficiency, and disadvantages like risks of puncturing the tunnel. Simulation results are presented showing the aerodynamic challenges of high-speed travel in a tube.
The Mt. Washington Cog Railway in New Hampshire has introduced its first diesel locomotive to complement its historical fleet of coal-fired steam locomotives. The new biodiesel locomotive, powered by a John Deere engine, aims to offer visitors a cleaner and more cost-effective travel option while also helping to preserve the steam engines by reducing costs. It was built by the Cog railway's own shop crew following a long tradition. The diesel locomotive uses a hydrostatic powertrain featuring Parker hydraulic components to drive the locomotive up the mountain. This new technology is hoped to monitor the locomotive's position and better coordinate train schedules while maintaining the historical experience for visitors.
Hyperloop is a proposed method of transportation that would transport people in pods or capsules traveling inside vacuum tubes at over 700 mph. The pods would be supported by air bearings and accelerated by linear induction motors inside the tubes. Key features include the tubes, which would be made of steel and supported by pylons; the capsules, which would be aerodynamically designed and hold up to 28 passengers; and the propulsion and levitation systems, which use compressors, air bearings, and linear induction motors to move the pods at high speeds while keeping them aloft. Proponents argue Hyperloop could provide fast, affordable, safe, and sustainable transportation between cities.
The document provides an overview of inplant training at Chennai Port Trust. It describes various aspects of port operations including diesel locomotives used to transport cargo, electric cranes used to load and unload containers, fuel transport via pipelines, substations and their components. It also discusses navigation lights, cameras and other electronics onboard ships. The conclusion emphasizes that the hands-on practical training was a valuable experience that enhanced theoretical knowledge of port operations.
It is very basic power point presentation that illustrates the basic idea about hyperloop.
Since a ppt must contains as less words as possible , it is designed in that way only.
For complete information about this hyperloop ppt you have to watch "coldfusion hyperloop" video on youtube.
This document provides an overview of the Hyperloop high-speed transit system concept proposed by Elon Musk. It describes Hyperloop as consisting of passenger or freight pods that would travel within low pressure tubes and be propelled using linear accelerators and magnetic levitation. Key points include that Hyperloop would be the fastest transit option and use renewable energy. The document outlines the proposed components, working principles, and specifications of Hyperloop systems, as well as discussing proposed construction projects and the potential advantages and disadvantages.
Hyperloop is a proposed method of transportation that would transport people in pods or capsules traveling inside vacuum tubes at high speeds, reducing travel times significantly. The document discusses the key components of a Hyperloop system including the tube construction, capsules, compressor fans, air bearings, propulsion via linear induction motors, and air suspension. Hyperloop aims to provide faster travel that is more convenient and environmentally friendly compared to existing high-speed trains or airplanes. Some advantages mentioned are reduced travel times, no traffic issues, solar power, ability to operate in all weather, lower costs than other modes of transport, minimal disruption along the route, and resistance to earthquakes.
The document discusses the Hyperloop, a proposed method of transportation involving capsules traveling at high speeds through low pressure tubes. It is described as the fifth mode of transportation and aims to be faster and cheaper than existing options like rail, road, air, and water. Key components of the Hyperloop system include tubes, capsules, air bearings, propulsion via linear induction motors, and low pressures within the tubes. Advantages include higher speeds, lower costs, reduced pollution, and increased safety over traditional transportation methods. The concept was originally invented in the 1800s but has since been developed by Elon Musk and others.
The document proposes a new transportation system called Hyperloop to connect Los Angeles and San Francisco. Hyperloop would use low-pressure tubes and magnetic acceleration to move pods carrying passengers at airline speeds for a fraction of the cost of high-speed rail. Key aspects of the proposed Hyperloop design include pressurized pods that glide on a cushion of air, solar-powered propulsion via linear electric motors, and an elevated structure to minimize land impacts and protect against earthquakes. The estimated total cost is under $6 billion and travel time would be around 30 minutes each way.
Transportation is essential for delivering coal from mines to energy plants. There are various transportation methods used depending on factors like cost, efficiency, and terrain. The main types of transport systems are continuous systems like conveyor belts, and non-continuous systems using trucks, trains, barges, ships, and slurry pipelines. Each method has advantages and drawbacks around costs, environmental impacts, and flexibility to access different locations. Safety is a primary concern in transporting coal.
The document provides a report on vocational training received by four students at various Indian Railway locations. It summarizes their visits to Sealdah station power house and substation where they observed feeders, transformers, and the 25kV autotransformer system. It also describes visits to Barasat car shed where they learned about overhead electrification systems, pantographs, and traction motors. Their final visit was to Narkeldanga car shed where they examined equipment like pantographs, transformers, rectifiers, and protection circuits used in electric multiple unit trains.
The document presents an overview of the Hyperloop transportation system. It describes Hyperloop as consisting of low pressure tubes that contain capsules transported at low and high speeds. The key components are the low pressure tube, capsule, electromagnetic launch system, axial compressor, and suspension. It discusses the technical aspects like tube pressure, capsule payload, and propulsion. The document concludes that Hyperloop has advantages of being faster, lower cost, and more sustainable than existing transportation while also having technical challenges to overcome.
Ship Propulsion Systems. Maximum Fuel Economy Through SimulationYann Rageul
Ship Propulsion and Auxiliary machinery optimisation through simulation tools. Capable of optimising marine propulsion architecture including hybrid system (energy storage, fuel cell, gas turbine, diesel engines, etc.) under different operating conditions (slow steaming, high hotel load, rapid response, etc.)
The document discusses electric locomotives. It provides a brief history, noting the first electric locomotive was built in 1837 powered by batteries. It then gives an overview of electric locomotives, explaining they run on electricity from overhead lines or third rails using pantographs. The main internal parts of an electric locomotive are identified as transformers, rectifiers, traction motors, and air compressors. Some advantages of electric locomotives are they do not produce smoke or as much heat and noise as diesel locomotives, and have simpler engines making them more efficient.
Hyperloop is a proposed method of high-speed ground transportation, proposed by Elon Musk, that would transport passengers at airline speeds but using magnetically levitated capsules or pods within a near-vacuum tube. The presentation details the Hyperloop system, which would use solar-powered electric propulsion and air bearings to enable estimated travel times between Los Angeles and San Francisco of just 30 minutes at speeds up to 800 mph. Key aspects include the tube design, low-pressure environment, linear motor accelerators, and potential stations along the proposed route between the two cities. However, some experts believe the estimated $6 billion cost is too low given the challenges of developing an entirely new transportation system.
The document summarizes the history and development of maglev trains. It discusses how the first ideas for an electromagnetic levitation train were conceived in 1922 in Germany. The first full-scale functioning maglev train was built in 1969 by a government research project. In the late 1980s and 1990s, the Transrapid 07 maglev train was developed and set speed records, traveling over 248,000 miles by 1996. The document also describes the basic principles and differences between electromagnetic suspension (EMS) and electrodynamic suspension (EDS) systems for maglev trains.
The document provides information about a summer training project conducted from June 11 to July 10, 2015 at the Electric Loco Shed in Kanpur, India. It discusses the history and components of Indian Railways and the Kanpur loco shed. Specifically, it covers the types of locomotives held at the Kanpur shed, the main sections of the shed, locomotive symbols and gauges, bogie and spring components, and analyzes the failure of springs in locomotives.
Training report on railways (all workshop)anand prasad
The document discusses corrosion in Indian railway coaches. Corrosion is a major problem that reduces structural integrity and needs to be addressed during periodic overhauls. Key areas prone to corrosion include sole bars, body pillars, turn unders, and areas below lavatories. During overhauls, all underframe members are inspected for corrosion and repaired using approved steel sheets, electrodes, primers, and other treatments as specified by standards.
The document summarizes a seminar report on vacuum trains (vactrains). Key points:
- Vactrains use maglev trains in an evacuated tunnel to achieve very high speeds, such as traveling from New York to London in under an hour.
- The technology involves constructing prefabricated tube sections that are anchored to the ocean floor and joined together to form an airtight tunnel. Vacuum pumps are then used to evacuate the air from the tunnel.
- Maglev trains use magnets for levitation, propulsion and guidance allowing them to travel without friction. Calculations show accelerating from 0-5000 mph in 5 minutes would result in a transverse g-force of 0.76
The document summarizes the design and development of the Southern Railway's C-C Booster Electric Class 70 Locomotive. It describes the locomotive's Co-Co wheel arrangement, segmented bearing bogie design influenced by O.V.S Bulleid, and its electrical system including a unique booster control system designed by Alfred Raworth to provide continuous tractive effort despite gaps in the third rail power supply. The locomotive had three builds between 1936-1948 with improvements incorporated based on experience. The booster system drew from earlier work by Heilmann and Ward Leonard to effectively control the locomotive using intermittent third rail power.
Electric traction involves using electric power for traction systems like railways and trams. It provides advantages over steam and diesel traction like higher power-to-weight ratio, regenerative braking, and lower emissions. Common voltages used include 1.5kV DC, 25kV AC. Traction motors are usually DC or induction types. Electrification requires overhead wires or third rails to transmit power. India uses mainly 25kV AC overhead systems like other large networks. Electric traction is more energy efficient and reduces dependence on fossil fuels.
This training report summarizes information about Chittaranjan Locomotive Works (CLW) in India. CLW is one of the largest locomotive manufacturers in the world. It produces various types of electric locomotives for Indian Railways, including freight locomotives like the WAG-9 and WAG-7, and passenger locomotives such as the WAP-7, WAP-5, and WAP-4. The report describes the key components of electric locomotives, CLW's manufacturing process across its various shops, and provides specifications for different locomotive types.
DESIGN OF MINE SHAFT ELEVATOR design guideSuresh Ramarao
This document discusses the design of a mine shaft elevator. It begins by providing background on the history and types of elevators. It then describes design considerations for mine shaft elevators, including options for shaft design (circular vs. horizontal) and parameters like speed, motor selection, suspension ropes, and guide rails. Calculations are shown for selecting these components for a case study mine shaft elevator with a lifting capacity of 32 tons and a height of 730 meters. Key parameters of the elevator design are presented in a table. The conclusions compare the computer-calculated design values to standard parameters.
Hyperloop is a proposed method of transportation that would transport people at high speeds through low pressure tubes. It was conceptualized by Elon Musk in 2012 as a solar-powered system that could achieve average speeds of 598 mph using magnetic levitation. Pods would accelerate gradually using linear electric motors and glide above their track within the tube. With the low air pressure and lack of contact with the track, hyperloop aims to more efficiently transport people long distances at speeds faster than traditional rail but lower than an airplane.
This document discusses different methods of transportation used in underground mines. It describes various systems used for ore transportation including rope haulages, conveyor belts, shuttle cars and locomotives. Rope haulages can be direct, endless or use a main and tail configuration. Conveyor belts include standard belt conveyors as well as scraper and rigid chain variants. The document also covers different means of transporting miners, specifically man riding chair lifts and car systems, providing examples of specifications from mines in India.
The document discusses electric locomotives, including their history, components, and advantages. It begins with definitions of electric locomotives and traction systems. It then covers the history of electric locomotives, including the first in 1837 and their introduction in India in 1925. The document outlines the components of electric locomotives like pantographs, transformers, and inverters. It discusses advantages like regenerative braking and environmental benefits. In conclusion, traction systems are important to modern transportation.
The document describes the Hyperloop high-speed transportation concept. It was proposed by Elon Musk as a fifth mode of transportation that would be both fast and inexpensive. The Hyperloop consists of passenger or freight pods that travel at airline speeds through a low pressure tube system using magnetic levitation. It has the potential to revolutionize long-distance travel by providing a safer, faster, cheaper and more sustainable alternative to existing options like air, rail and road.
1) Maglev trains use powerful electromagnets and magnetic levitation to float above a guideway and propel trains at speeds over 300 mph without friction from wheels on tracks.
2) There are two main types of maglev systems - electromagnetic suspension systems which use electromagnets to levitate the train, and electrodynamic suspension systems which use superconducting electromagnets and levitate higher.
3) The first commercial maglev line opened in Shanghai in 2003 and connects the city center to the airport in under 10 minutes, while a new line is planned between Shanghai and Hangzhou.
This document provides an overview of maglev and hyperloop transportation technologies. It discusses how maglev trains use magnetic levitation to float above a guideway, with two main types being electromagnetic suspension (EMS) and electrodynamic suspension (EDS). The hyperloop concept proposes using linear induction motors and air bearings in low pressure tubes to enable passenger or cargo capsules to travel at faster-than-airline speeds. Key components of a hyperloop system include the low pressure tube, capsules for passengers/cargo, propulsion via linear accelerators along the tube, and an air bearing suspension system to support the capsules with minimal friction.
Railway Electrification -
Electricity is used to eliminate smoke and take advantage of the high efficiency of electric motors; however, the cost of railway electrification means that usually only heavily-used lines can be electrified.
the power for electric locomotives can come from clean and/or renewable sources, including geothermalpower, hydroelectric power, nuclear power, solar power and wind turbines.
Electric locomotives benefit from the high efficiency of electric motors, often above 90%. Additional efficiency can be gained from regenerative braking, which allows kinetic energy to be recovered during braking to put some power back on the line. Newer electric locomotives use AC motor-inverter drive systems that provide for regenerative braking.
Thank you.
Maglev trains use electromagnetic force to levitate above the track and propel the train forward at high speeds without friction. They have the potential to reach speeds comparable to aircraft of 500 to 580 km/h. While maglev trains offer safety and efficiency advantages over conventional trains, their construction costs are very high. Recent government funding in countries like China and Japan support expanding maglev networks, but high costs remain a challenge for widespread adoption of the technology.
The Millau Viaduct in southern France is the highest road bridge in the world at 300m tall. It has 7 pillars and spans the Tarn Valley. British architect Norman Foster designed the bridge to appear delicate like a butterfly. Construction involved raising the huge concrete pillars with a climbing system. The 36,000 ton steel deck was then launched section by section onto the pillars. Steel pylons weighing 650 tons each were erected on top of the pillars to support cables. The privately financed bridge cost €394 million to build and opened in 2004, cutting travel time across the region.
The document provides an overview of a hyperloop system for high-speed transportation. It describes a hyperloop as a sealed tube or system of tubes through which a pod can travel free of air resistance at high speeds using magnetic levitation. It then discusses the basic concepts like capsules, tubes, propulsion methods and levitation. The document notes that a hyperloop aims to provide transportation that is faster than existing options while being efficient and reducing emissions. It highlights benefits like reducing cars, pollution and providing an alternative to other transportation systems.
The document summarizes information about Diesel Shed Ratlam, located in Madhya Pradesh, India. It was established in 1967 and maintains diesel locomotives. It discusses the types of locomotives - steam, diesel-electric, and electric. Diesel-electric locomotives became widely used because they don't produce smoke and have higher efficiency than steam. Traction motors, the main components of locomotives, are also described in terms of their construction, ratings, and operating principle.
A SYSTEMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT APPROACH FOR SECURING THE SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEMSIJNSA Journal
The smart irrigation system represents an innovative approach to optimize water usage in agricultural and landscaping practices. The integration of cutting-edge technologies, including sensors, actuators, and data analysis, empowers this system to provide accurate monitoring and control of irrigation processes by leveraging real-time environmental conditions. The main objective of a smart irrigation system is to optimize water efficiency, minimize expenses, and foster the adoption of sustainable water management methods. This paper conducts a systematic risk assessment by exploring the key components/assets and their functionalities in the smart irrigation system. The crucial role of sensors in gathering data on soil moisture, weather patterns, and plant well-being is emphasized in this system. These sensors enable intelligent decision-making in irrigation scheduling and water distribution, leading to enhanced water efficiency and sustainable water management practices. Actuators enable automated control of irrigation devices, ensuring precise and targeted water delivery to plants. Additionally, the paper addresses the potential threat and vulnerabilities associated with smart irrigation systems. It discusses limitations of the system, such as power constraints and computational capabilities, and calculates the potential security risks. The paper suggests possible risk treatment methods for effective secure system operation. In conclusion, the paper emphasizes the significant benefits of implementing smart irrigation systems, including improved water conservation, increased crop yield, and reduced environmental impact. Additionally, based on the security analysis conducted, the paper recommends the implementation of countermeasures and security approaches to address vulnerabilities and ensure the integrity and reliability of the system. By incorporating these measures, smart irrigation technology can revolutionize water management practices in agriculture, promoting sustainability, resource efficiency, and safeguarding against potential security threats.
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressionsVictor Morales
K8sGPT is a tool that analyzes and diagnoses Kubernetes clusters. This presentation was used to share the requirements and dependencies to deploy K8sGPT in a local environment.
Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...IJECEIAES
Medical image analysis has witnessed significant advancements with deep learning techniques. In the domain of brain tumor segmentation, the ability to
precisely delineate tumor boundaries from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
scans holds profound implications for diagnosis. This study presents an ensemble convolutional neural network (CNN) with transfer learning, integrating
the state-of-the-art Deeplabv3+ architecture with the ResNet18 backbone. The
model is rigorously trained and evaluated, exhibiting remarkable performance
metrics, including an impressive global accuracy of 99.286%, a high-class accuracy of 82.191%, a mean intersection over union (IoU) of 79.900%, a weighted
IoU of 98.620%, and a Boundary F1 (BF) score of 83.303%. Notably, a detailed comparative analysis with existing methods showcases the superiority of
our proposed model. These findings underscore the model’s competence in precise brain tumor localization, underscoring its potential to revolutionize medical
image analysis and enhance healthcare outcomes. This research paves the way
for future exploration and optimization of advanced CNN models in medical
imaging, emphasizing addressing false positives and resource efficiency.
TIME DIVISION MULTIPLEXING TECHNIQUE FOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEMHODECEDSIET
Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) is a method of transmitting multiple signals over a single communication channel by dividing the signal into many segments, each having a very short duration of time. These time slots are then allocated to different data streams, allowing multiple signals to share the same transmission medium efficiently. TDM is widely used in telecommunications and data communication systems.
### How TDM Works
1. **Time Slots Allocation**: The core principle of TDM is to assign distinct time slots to each signal. During each time slot, the respective signal is transmitted, and then the process repeats cyclically. For example, if there are four signals to be transmitted, the TDM cycle will divide time into four slots, each assigned to one signal.
2. **Synchronization**: Synchronization is crucial in TDM systems to ensure that the signals are correctly aligned with their respective time slots. Both the transmitter and receiver must be synchronized to avoid any overlap or loss of data. This synchronization is typically maintained by a clock signal that ensures time slots are accurately aligned.
3. **Frame Structure**: TDM data is organized into frames, where each frame consists of a set of time slots. Each frame is repeated at regular intervals, ensuring continuous transmission of data streams. The frame structure helps in managing the data streams and maintaining the synchronization between the transmitter and receiver.
4. **Multiplexer and Demultiplexer**: At the transmitting end, a multiplexer combines multiple input signals into a single composite signal by assigning each signal to a specific time slot. At the receiving end, a demultiplexer separates the composite signal back into individual signals based on their respective time slots.
### Types of TDM
1. **Synchronous TDM**: In synchronous TDM, time slots are pre-assigned to each signal, regardless of whether the signal has data to transmit or not. This can lead to inefficiencies if some time slots remain empty due to the absence of data.
2. **Asynchronous TDM (or Statistical TDM)**: Asynchronous TDM addresses the inefficiencies of synchronous TDM by allocating time slots dynamically based on the presence of data. Time slots are assigned only when there is data to transmit, which optimizes the use of the communication channel.
### Applications of TDM
- **Telecommunications**: TDM is extensively used in telecommunication systems, such as in T1 and E1 lines, where multiple telephone calls are transmitted over a single line by assigning each call to a specific time slot.
- **Digital Audio and Video Broadcasting**: TDM is used in broadcasting systems to transmit multiple audio or video streams over a single channel, ensuring efficient use of bandwidth.
- **Computer Networks**: TDM is used in network protocols and systems to manage the transmission of data from multiple sources over a single network medium.
### Advantages of TDM
- **Efficient Use of Bandwidth**: TDM all
Literature Review Basics and Understanding Reference Management.pptxDr Ramhari Poudyal
Three-day training on academic research focuses on analytical tools at United Technical College, supported by the University Grant Commission, Nepal. 24-26 May 2024
Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapte...University of Maribor
Slides from talk presenting:
Aleš Zamuda: Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapter and Networking.
Presentation at IcETRAN 2024 session:
"Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS
Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation"
IEEE Slovenia GRSS
IEEE Serbia and Montenegro MTT-S
IEEE Slovenia CIS
11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONIC AND COMPUTING ENGINEERING
3-6 June 2024, Niš, Serbia
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...IJECEIAES
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
A review on techniques and modelling methodologies used for checking electrom...nooriasukmaningtyas
The proper function of the integrated circuit (IC) in an inhibiting electromagnetic environment has always been a serious concern throughout the decades of revolution in the world of electronics, from disjunct devices to today’s integrated circuit technology, where billions of transistors are combined on a single chip. The automotive industry and smart vehicles in particular, are confronting design issues such as being prone to electromagnetic interference (EMI). Electronic control devices calculate incorrect outputs because of EMI and sensors give misleading values which can prove fatal in case of automotives. In this paper, the authors have non exhaustively tried to review research work concerned with the investigation of EMI in ICs and prediction of this EMI using various modelling methodologies and measurement setups.
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODELgerogepatton
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
3. In 15th century stone slabs or wooden baulks were laid flush wit
h the road surface for carriage of heavy goods loaded on carts and drawn
by animal. These were called ‘Tram ways’. These tram ways were extensi
vely used in 16th century in means in central Europe for carriage of coal
and others minerals.
The timber baulks were replaced by iron plates to reduce wear a
nd these were called ‘plate ways’. William Jessop in of U.K. in 1789 repla
ced iron plates with cast iron beams having stone supports at end of batt
er working .
HISTORY OF RAILWAY
4. Carriage and Wagon Workshop,Jagadhri
Jagadhri Workshop is a Periodic Over
Hauling(POH) unit under ministry of
Railway.
Jagadhri workshop was founded in 1865
and it is one of the oldest C & W worksho
p in india.
The foundation stone of this workshop w
as laid on 8-12-1952 with bare minimum
facilities for undertaking the POH work for
3 unit of coaching stock and 9 unit of
goods stock per day
5. Body:
The body of the vehicle usually has a
continuous under frame for carrying
the weight of the body and the
commodities passengers. The body
comprising of the under frame,
sidewalls, and end walls and its
dimensions also the interior is
designed according to its use.
IMPORTANT SYSTEMS & COMPONENTS OF ROLLING STOCK
6. Coaches:
Vehicles designed for carrying
passengers are called coaches.
In addition, certain other
vehicles attached to
passenger trains are also
covered under the coaches.
COACHES:
7. Wagons:
Vehicles designed for carrying
various commodities are called
wagons. These may be open,
covered, flat, tank or other
types depending upon the
commodity to be transported
WAGON:
8. LOCOMOTIVE:
Traditionally, locomotives pulled
trains from the front.
However, push-pull operation has
become common, where the train
may have a locomotive (or
locomotives) at the front, at the
rear, or at each end
LOCOMOTIVE
9. Train:
Train is the group of
Vehicles and one or more
locomotives moving on
rail which needs line clear
to enter a block Section.
TRAIN:
10. Diesel Multiple
Unit:
This is similar to the EMU concept
except that these are powered by a
Diesel engine for operation on non-
electrified routes.
DIESEL MULTIPLE UNIT:
11. ELECTRIC MULTIPLE UNT:
ELECTRIC
MULTIPLE UNIT:
An EMU is usually formed of two
or more semi-permanently
coupled carriages, but electrically
powered single-unit railcars are
also generally classed as EMUs.
12. Bogies:
Super structure of any rolling stock
normally rests on bogies through the
medium of center pivot and side
bearers on the bogie bolster; the
bolster normally is supported on the
bogie frame. This arrangement
provides independence of movement
between the super structure
BOGGIES:
13. Wheels:
These may be solid or fitted with
types of special heat treated steel
shrink fitted on to the vehicle. With
conical surface and negotiate the
permanent way. These carry the
way load of vehicle. These can be
either cast or forged.
WHEELS:
23. 8.QUALITY
CIRCLE SHOP
A) ROCK WELL HARDNESS MACHINE
B) MICROSCOPIC MACHINE
C) COMPORATOR GAUGE
D) BRINELL HARDNESS MACHINE
E) TENSILE TESTING MACHINE
QUALITY CIRCLE SHOP:
24. Ultrasonic Rays:
Are those rays whose frequency range is beyond hearing range i.e. greater than 20,000 cycles p
er sec.
Principle:
This test is based on the principle of piezoelectric effect i.e. if a material is subjected to mec
hanical vibrations their will be an e.m.f. generated at both surface or vice -versa.
ULTRASONIC TEST FOR AXLE
26. As the term indicats vacuum is the moving is the working medium. The equipment consists of a vac
uum brake cylinder with piston and brake rigging provided under each vehicle. The amount of vacu
um maintained on one side of piston in the vacuum cylinder to operate the brake System IS about th
e 29 Inch of mercury which gives an effective working pressure of about 100 Lbs per Square inch on
the piston when brake are applied. The 'vacuums, Cylinder are designed to give the required amount
of brake power at the wheel the vacuum cylinders are continuously evacuated by exhausters provid
ed the locomotive.
VACUUM BREAK SYSTEM:
27. In it, compressed air is used for operating the brake system. The locomotive compressor charg
es the feed pipe and the brake pipes throughout the length of the train,. The feed pipe is conne
cted to the auxiliary reservoir and the brake pipe is connected to the brake cylinder through the
distributor valve. Brake application takes place by dropping the pressure in the brake pipe
AIR BRAEK SYSTEM: