The Earth Spheres.ppt
•Download as PPT, PDF•
0 likes•71 views
The Earth is made up of four major interconnected systems: the atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and geosphere. The atmosphere is made primarily of nitrogen and oxygen and surrounds the planet. The biosphere includes all living things and organic matter. The hydrosphere contains all of Earth's water, including oceans, lakes, rivers, ice caps, and water vapor. The geosphere is the solid part of Earth, including its interior layers and crust composed mainly of oxygen, silicon, and magnesium. Earth system science studies how changes in one system can impact the others through their constant interactions.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
The Rock and its types.
Rocks are divided into three main categories: igneous rocks form when magma cools and hardens, sedimentary rocks form from compressed layers of sediment, and metamorphic rocks undergo physical and chemical changes from heat and pressure. Metamorphic rocks can change form, such as gneiss.
Properties of water and its global distribution
The total volume of water on Earth is estimated at 1.386 billion km³ (333 million cubic miles), with 97.5% being salt water and 2.5% being fresh water. Of the fresh water, only 0.3% is in liquid form on the surface. In addition, the lower mantle of inner earth may hold as much as 5 times more water than all surface water combined (all oceans, all lakes, all rivers).
Sea level change
This document summarizes different types of coastal landforms including those formed by changes in sea level: rias are flooded river valleys with gently sloping sides; fjords are steep-walled glacial valleys flooded after ice melt; and raised beaches and abandoned coastlines provide evidence of higher former sea levels. Eustatic sea level changes are global in scale due to ice volume changes, while isostatic changes are local and caused by land level changes from glacial rebound or subsidence under ice weight.
Rock Cycle
The document discusses the three main types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Igneous rocks form from cooling lava. Sedimentary rocks form through the compression of sediments and can include limestone, sandstone, and shale. Metamorphic rocks form from existing igneous and sedimentary rocks undergoing heat and pressure, changing their composition, such as limestone becoming marble through metamorphism. The rock cycle illustrates how rocks continuously change between these three types through geological processes over millions of years.
Weathering & it types
This document summarizes the key concepts of weathering. It defines weathering as the physical, chemical, and biological breakdown of rocks due to atmospheric forces like wind, water, and glaciers. The three main types of weathering are physical, chemical, and biological. Physical weathering breaks rocks into smaller pieces through frost wedging, wetting and drying, exfoliation, and abrasion. Chemical weathering alters the composition of rocks through oxidation, hydration, carbonation, and acid rain. Biological weathering is caused by organisms like lichens. Over time, weathering and erosion form soil from broken down rock materials.
Karst topography
This document provides an overview of karst topography and the geological processes involved in its formation. Karst topography is shaped by the dissolution of soluble bedrock like limestone by mildly acidic water. This causes features like caves, sinkholes, stalactites, stalagmites, and disappearing streams. The water dissolves along fractures in the bedrock, enlarging openings underground and forming drainage systems. Over thousands of years, this process creates characteristic karst landforms.
Exogenous processes on earth
This document discusses exogenous processes on Earth. It describes how rocks undergo weathering through physical and chemical processes which break them down. The products of weathering are then eroded by forces like water, wind, and ice and transported elsewhere. Eroded materials are eventually deposited through sedimentation, accumulating at the bottom of bodies of water or other areas. Mass wasting also occurs as large slabs of rock detach and move downslope due to gravity, posing risks.
Rock Cycle PowerPoint
The document discusses the three main rock groups: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Igneous rocks form from cooling magma, either underground (intrusive) or above ground (extrusive). Sedimentary rocks form through the compaction and cementation of sediments. Metamorphic rocks are formed from existing rocks undergoing heat and pressure without melting. The rock cycle diagram shows how rocks continuously change between these three types through various geologic processes.
Recommended
The Rock and its types.
Rocks are divided into three main categories: igneous rocks form when magma cools and hardens, sedimentary rocks form from compressed layers of sediment, and metamorphic rocks undergo physical and chemical changes from heat and pressure. Metamorphic rocks can change form, such as gneiss.
Properties of water and its global distribution
The total volume of water on Earth is estimated at 1.386 billion km³ (333 million cubic miles), with 97.5% being salt water and 2.5% being fresh water. Of the fresh water, only 0.3% is in liquid form on the surface. In addition, the lower mantle of inner earth may hold as much as 5 times more water than all surface water combined (all oceans, all lakes, all rivers).
Sea level change
This document summarizes different types of coastal landforms including those formed by changes in sea level: rias are flooded river valleys with gently sloping sides; fjords are steep-walled glacial valleys flooded after ice melt; and raised beaches and abandoned coastlines provide evidence of higher former sea levels. Eustatic sea level changes are global in scale due to ice volume changes, while isostatic changes are local and caused by land level changes from glacial rebound or subsidence under ice weight.
Rock Cycle
The document discusses the three main types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Igneous rocks form from cooling lava. Sedimentary rocks form through the compression of sediments and can include limestone, sandstone, and shale. Metamorphic rocks form from existing igneous and sedimentary rocks undergoing heat and pressure, changing their composition, such as limestone becoming marble through metamorphism. The rock cycle illustrates how rocks continuously change between these three types through geological processes over millions of years.
Weathering & it types
This document summarizes the key concepts of weathering. It defines weathering as the physical, chemical, and biological breakdown of rocks due to atmospheric forces like wind, water, and glaciers. The three main types of weathering are physical, chemical, and biological. Physical weathering breaks rocks into smaller pieces through frost wedging, wetting and drying, exfoliation, and abrasion. Chemical weathering alters the composition of rocks through oxidation, hydration, carbonation, and acid rain. Biological weathering is caused by organisms like lichens. Over time, weathering and erosion form soil from broken down rock materials.
Karst topography
This document provides an overview of karst topography and the geological processes involved in its formation. Karst topography is shaped by the dissolution of soluble bedrock like limestone by mildly acidic water. This causes features like caves, sinkholes, stalactites, stalagmites, and disappearing streams. The water dissolves along fractures in the bedrock, enlarging openings underground and forming drainage systems. Over thousands of years, this process creates characteristic karst landforms.
Exogenous processes on earth
This document discusses exogenous processes on Earth. It describes how rocks undergo weathering through physical and chemical processes which break them down. The products of weathering are then eroded by forces like water, wind, and ice and transported elsewhere. Eroded materials are eventually deposited through sedimentation, accumulating at the bottom of bodies of water or other areas. Mass wasting also occurs as large slabs of rock detach and move downslope due to gravity, posing risks.
Rock Cycle PowerPoint
The document discusses the three main rock groups: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Igneous rocks form from cooling magma, either underground (intrusive) or above ground (extrusive). Sedimentary rocks form through the compaction and cementation of sediments. Metamorphic rocks are formed from existing rocks undergoing heat and pressure without melting. The rock cycle diagram shows how rocks continuously change between these three types through various geologic processes.
Weathering
Mechanical and chemical weathering break down rocks into smaller pieces. Mechanical weathering causes physical disintegration through processes like frost wedging, plant roots, and temperature changes without altering the rock's chemical composition. Chemical weathering alters rocks through chemical reactions with water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and acids. Water is the main agent of chemical weathering, dissolving minerals and rocks through hydrolysis and hydration. Carbon dioxide forms carbonic acid, which breaks down minerals like limestone. Oxidation also contributes to chemical weathering.
Geologic time scale
The document summarizes the geologic time scale which divides Earth's history into sections called eons, eras, periods, and epochs based on major changes. It describes several important periods including the Precambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic eras. The Paleozoic era saw the first appearance of hard-shelled animals and plants colonizing land. It ended in a mass extinction event. The Mesozoic era was dominated by reptiles such as dinosaurs, until another mass extinction wiped them out. The current Cenozoic era is when mammals and eventually humans evolved.
Origin of ocean basins
The reason for the occurrence of such a huge mass of water on the globe, is still a myth and reality. The reason goes back to the Origin of Earth itself. The exact mode of origin is not precisely known. Scientists assume, both Primary and secondary sources would have given rise to all both air and water on the earth. Two possible sources as internal source (or) external source have been proposed so far. Some of them are attributed towards the theories of origin of the earth.
Biosphere
The document summarizes the major biomes and ecological zones of Earth. It describes 13 different environments: biosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, temperature deciduous forest, coniferous forest, tropical forest, grassland, tundra, desert, inland waters, oceanic environments including rocky intertidal zone, rocky subtidal zone, nearshore soft sediments, deep-sea sediments, hydrothermal vents, and pelagic realm. Each environment is characterized by its climate, dominant plant and animal species, and ecological features.
Ocean floor-topography
Ocean floor-topography.
Topograpgy
Continental margins and its types
Abyssal plain
Abyssal hills
Canyons
Trenches
Seamounts
Gayots
Hydrothermal vents
etc
Types of coral reefs and its distribution
Coral reefs are underwater structures composed of calcium carbonate secreted by tiny animals called coral polyps. Coral polyps have stinging tentacles and live in symbiosis with algae. This mutualistic relationship provides nutrients and protection. Coral reefs occupy less than 1% of the ocean but support 25% of marine species. They act as barriers, provide habitat, sequester carbon, and have significant economic importance through tourism, fisheries, and medicine. The largest reefs are the Great Barrier Reef and Belize Barrier Reef.
5.0 Rock Cycle
This document discusses the three main types of rocks - igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic - and the rock cycle. It explains that igneous rocks form from cooling magma, sedimentary rocks form through compaction or cementation of sediments, and metamorphic rocks form from extreme heat and pressure changing existing rocks. The rock cycle is also summarized, noting that geological forces cause rocks to change forms over time, passing through the different types.
Plate Tectonic Theory
Plate tectonics developed from Alfred Wegener's theory of continental drift in the early 20th century. Wegener noticed coastlines of Africa and South America fit together and proposed all continents were once joined in a supercontinent called Pangaea. Later, scientists proposed mantle convection and sea floor spreading caused by convection currents in the mantle to explain plate movement. Today, plate tectonics theory describes the lithosphere broken into rigid plates that move across Earth's surface due to mantle convection and other forces, forming boundaries and landscape features.
Ocean floor topography
This document discusses various topics related to ocean floor topography including continental margins, oceanic divisions, submarine canyons, ocean currents, the Coriolis effect, tidal currents, ocean waves, and how waves can cause coastal erosion. It describes key features of passive and active continental margins and how the ocean floor transitions from the continental shelf to deeper ocean basins and trenches.
geochronolgy and age of earth
This document provides information about geochronology and dating the age of the Earth. It discusses how the Earth is estimated to be 4.6 billion years old based on dating of meteorites and the oldest Earth rocks. It describes the principles of relative dating methods like superposition and cross-cutting relationships. It also explains numerical dating techniques using radioactive isotopes like potassium-argon and uranium-lead dating to assign absolute ages to rocks in millions or billions of years. Finally, it briefly discusses isostatic adjustment and two hypotheses about isostasy proposed by J.H. Pratt and G.B. Airy.
Plate Tectonics
The document discusses plate tectonics and the structure and dynamics of the Earth's interior. It describes how the crust is broken into plates that move atop the mantle due to convection currents, and the three types of plate boundaries: divergent where plates move apart, convergent where they move together, and transform where they slide past each other. It provides examples of associated geological features like mid-ocean ridges, subduction zones, volcanoes, and earthquakes.
Chapter 3: the composition and structure of the earth
The document summarizes key aspects of Earth's structure and composition. It describes Earth's distinct atmospheric layers and how pressure decreases with altitude. It also outlines Earth's internal layering, including the crust, mantle, and core. The crust is divided into continental and oceanic types based on differences in density and thickness. The mantle conveys heat via convection currents. The liquid outer core generates Earth's magnetic field through the geodynamo process.
geomorphic process
This document provides an overview of geomorphological processes and environments. It begins with defining geomorphology as the scientific study of landforms and the processes that shape them. It then discusses various landform features seen on Earth's surface and how geomorphology seeks to understand the processes behind their formation. The document outlines different agents of geomorphic processes like rivers, wind, glaciers and waves. It categorizes geomorphic processes into terrestrial and extra-terrestrial processes, with terrestrial processes further divided into exogenetic and endogenetic processes. Key exogenetic processes discussed include weathering, erosion, transportation, deposition and mass movement, while endogenetic processes include faulting, folding, volcanism, earthquakes, land
Types of Rock
This document provides information about different types of rocks including their formation processes. It discusses igneous rocks such as granite and basalt which form from the cooling of magma. It also describes sedimentary rocks like limestone and coal which are formed by the accumulation and cementation of sediments. Additionally, it outlines metamorphic rocks such as marble and gneiss that form from the alteration of existing rocks through heat, pressure, and stress in the Earth. Key factors such as texture, mineral composition, and cooling rate influence the characteristics of igneous rocks, while layering and fossil content are important for sedimentary rocks. Metamorphic rocks exhibit foliated or non-foliated structures depending on the degree of recry
Rock Types
There are three main types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Igneous rocks form when magma cools and crystallizes, either underground or on the surface. Sedimentary rocks form through the compaction and cementation of sediments, usually deposited by water. Metamorphic rocks were originally igneous or sedimentary rocks, but were changed by extreme heat and pressure within the Earth's crust, altering their structure. Rocks can be transformed between these types through the rock cycle as they are weathered, eroded, deposited, buried deep within the Earth, and sometimes melted.
Weathering & it's types
This document defines and describes the main types of weathering processes that occur at the Earth's surface: mechanical, chemical, and biological. Mechanical weathering involves physical breakdown through processes like frost wedging and abrasion without changing the rock's chemical composition. Chemical weathering decomposes rocks through reactions with substances like carbon dioxide, water, and oxygen. Biological weathering disintegrates rocks through organism activities like plant roots, lichen/algae growth, and burrowing. Different rock types and climates result in variable weathering rates.
Paleomagnetism
Paleomagnetism is the study of ancient magnetic fields preserved in rocks. When rocks form, magnetic minerals within them align with the Earth's magnetic field at that time, recording its orientation. Studying the orientation of these magnetic minerals in rocks from different locations and time periods allows scientists to map changes in the Earth's magnetic field through time and reconstruct movements of tectonic plates. Paleomagnetism provides strong evidence for plate tectonic theory, showing that continents have moved over Earth's history by matching the magnetic signatures of separated landmasses and revealing symmetrical magnetic patterns on either side of mid-ocean ridges from sea floor spreading.
Features of earth`s surface
The document describes different types of landforms and features found on Earth's surface, as well as processes that shape them. It explains that landforms include mountains, hills, valleys, and plateaus. Bodies of water and glaciers also shape landforms by eroding and depositing material. Volcanoes and earthquakes cause rapid changes through erupting lava and shifting crustal plates, which further alter the landscape over time.
Rocks; types of rocks
Rocks are aggregates of minerals. Rocks are of three types i.e., Igneous Rock, Sedimentary Rocks & Metamorphic Rocks
Fundamental and concept of environmental geology
Environmental geology is the study of how natural systems interact with human activities. It aims to minimize environmental degradation and maximize beneficial land use. Key aspects of study include natural hazards, landscape analysis, earth materials, hydrology, and geological processes. The fundamental concepts are that humans impact geology; the earth is unique and closed; materials and energy cycle; geology affects lives; human and geological timescales differ; hazards are natural; risk is inherent; modern society relies on limited earth resources; and pollution remains on earth. Environmental management requires managing human behavior.
The Subsystem.pptx
The document discusses the four major spheres that make up the Earth system: the atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and geosphere. It provides details on the composition and features of each individual sphere. The document then explains that Earth system science studies how these four spheres interact with and influence each other, providing examples of these interactions and their effects, such as volcanoes emitting gases into the atmosphere and hurricanes causing damage on land and in the ocean.
Earth Systems
The document discusses the four main Earth systems: the atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and geosphere. It provides details on the composition and features of each system. Earth system science studies how these four spheres interact continuously, with each system affecting the others through examples of interactions like volcanoes erupting and hurricanes forming.
More Related Content
What's hot
Weathering
Mechanical and chemical weathering break down rocks into smaller pieces. Mechanical weathering causes physical disintegration through processes like frost wedging, plant roots, and temperature changes without altering the rock's chemical composition. Chemical weathering alters rocks through chemical reactions with water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and acids. Water is the main agent of chemical weathering, dissolving minerals and rocks through hydrolysis and hydration. Carbon dioxide forms carbonic acid, which breaks down minerals like limestone. Oxidation also contributes to chemical weathering.
Geologic time scale
The document summarizes the geologic time scale which divides Earth's history into sections called eons, eras, periods, and epochs based on major changes. It describes several important periods including the Precambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic eras. The Paleozoic era saw the first appearance of hard-shelled animals and plants colonizing land. It ended in a mass extinction event. The Mesozoic era was dominated by reptiles such as dinosaurs, until another mass extinction wiped them out. The current Cenozoic era is when mammals and eventually humans evolved.
Origin of ocean basins
The reason for the occurrence of such a huge mass of water on the globe, is still a myth and reality. The reason goes back to the Origin of Earth itself. The exact mode of origin is not precisely known. Scientists assume, both Primary and secondary sources would have given rise to all both air and water on the earth. Two possible sources as internal source (or) external source have been proposed so far. Some of them are attributed towards the theories of origin of the earth.
Biosphere
The document summarizes the major biomes and ecological zones of Earth. It describes 13 different environments: biosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, temperature deciduous forest, coniferous forest, tropical forest, grassland, tundra, desert, inland waters, oceanic environments including rocky intertidal zone, rocky subtidal zone, nearshore soft sediments, deep-sea sediments, hydrothermal vents, and pelagic realm. Each environment is characterized by its climate, dominant plant and animal species, and ecological features.
Ocean floor-topography
Ocean floor-topography.
Topograpgy
Continental margins and its types
Abyssal plain
Abyssal hills
Canyons
Trenches
Seamounts
Gayots
Hydrothermal vents
etc
Types of coral reefs and its distribution
Coral reefs are underwater structures composed of calcium carbonate secreted by tiny animals called coral polyps. Coral polyps have stinging tentacles and live in symbiosis with algae. This mutualistic relationship provides nutrients and protection. Coral reefs occupy less than 1% of the ocean but support 25% of marine species. They act as barriers, provide habitat, sequester carbon, and have significant economic importance through tourism, fisheries, and medicine. The largest reefs are the Great Barrier Reef and Belize Barrier Reef.
5.0 Rock Cycle
This document discusses the three main types of rocks - igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic - and the rock cycle. It explains that igneous rocks form from cooling magma, sedimentary rocks form through compaction or cementation of sediments, and metamorphic rocks form from extreme heat and pressure changing existing rocks. The rock cycle is also summarized, noting that geological forces cause rocks to change forms over time, passing through the different types.
Plate Tectonic Theory
Plate tectonics developed from Alfred Wegener's theory of continental drift in the early 20th century. Wegener noticed coastlines of Africa and South America fit together and proposed all continents were once joined in a supercontinent called Pangaea. Later, scientists proposed mantle convection and sea floor spreading caused by convection currents in the mantle to explain plate movement. Today, plate tectonics theory describes the lithosphere broken into rigid plates that move across Earth's surface due to mantle convection and other forces, forming boundaries and landscape features.
Ocean floor topography
This document discusses various topics related to ocean floor topography including continental margins, oceanic divisions, submarine canyons, ocean currents, the Coriolis effect, tidal currents, ocean waves, and how waves can cause coastal erosion. It describes key features of passive and active continental margins and how the ocean floor transitions from the continental shelf to deeper ocean basins and trenches.
geochronolgy and age of earth
This document provides information about geochronology and dating the age of the Earth. It discusses how the Earth is estimated to be 4.6 billion years old based on dating of meteorites and the oldest Earth rocks. It describes the principles of relative dating methods like superposition and cross-cutting relationships. It also explains numerical dating techniques using radioactive isotopes like potassium-argon and uranium-lead dating to assign absolute ages to rocks in millions or billions of years. Finally, it briefly discusses isostatic adjustment and two hypotheses about isostasy proposed by J.H. Pratt and G.B. Airy.
Plate Tectonics
The document discusses plate tectonics and the structure and dynamics of the Earth's interior. It describes how the crust is broken into plates that move atop the mantle due to convection currents, and the three types of plate boundaries: divergent where plates move apart, convergent where they move together, and transform where they slide past each other. It provides examples of associated geological features like mid-ocean ridges, subduction zones, volcanoes, and earthquakes.
Chapter 3: the composition and structure of the earth
The document summarizes key aspects of Earth's structure and composition. It describes Earth's distinct atmospheric layers and how pressure decreases with altitude. It also outlines Earth's internal layering, including the crust, mantle, and core. The crust is divided into continental and oceanic types based on differences in density and thickness. The mantle conveys heat via convection currents. The liquid outer core generates Earth's magnetic field through the geodynamo process.
geomorphic process
This document provides an overview of geomorphological processes and environments. It begins with defining geomorphology as the scientific study of landforms and the processes that shape them. It then discusses various landform features seen on Earth's surface and how geomorphology seeks to understand the processes behind their formation. The document outlines different agents of geomorphic processes like rivers, wind, glaciers and waves. It categorizes geomorphic processes into terrestrial and extra-terrestrial processes, with terrestrial processes further divided into exogenetic and endogenetic processes. Key exogenetic processes discussed include weathering, erosion, transportation, deposition and mass movement, while endogenetic processes include faulting, folding, volcanism, earthquakes, land
Types of Rock
This document provides information about different types of rocks including their formation processes. It discusses igneous rocks such as granite and basalt which form from the cooling of magma. It also describes sedimentary rocks like limestone and coal which are formed by the accumulation and cementation of sediments. Additionally, it outlines metamorphic rocks such as marble and gneiss that form from the alteration of existing rocks through heat, pressure, and stress in the Earth. Key factors such as texture, mineral composition, and cooling rate influence the characteristics of igneous rocks, while layering and fossil content are important for sedimentary rocks. Metamorphic rocks exhibit foliated or non-foliated structures depending on the degree of recry
Rock Types
There are three main types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Igneous rocks form when magma cools and crystallizes, either underground or on the surface. Sedimentary rocks form through the compaction and cementation of sediments, usually deposited by water. Metamorphic rocks were originally igneous or sedimentary rocks, but were changed by extreme heat and pressure within the Earth's crust, altering their structure. Rocks can be transformed between these types through the rock cycle as they are weathered, eroded, deposited, buried deep within the Earth, and sometimes melted.
Weathering & it's types
This document defines and describes the main types of weathering processes that occur at the Earth's surface: mechanical, chemical, and biological. Mechanical weathering involves physical breakdown through processes like frost wedging and abrasion without changing the rock's chemical composition. Chemical weathering decomposes rocks through reactions with substances like carbon dioxide, water, and oxygen. Biological weathering disintegrates rocks through organism activities like plant roots, lichen/algae growth, and burrowing. Different rock types and climates result in variable weathering rates.
Paleomagnetism
Paleomagnetism is the study of ancient magnetic fields preserved in rocks. When rocks form, magnetic minerals within them align with the Earth's magnetic field at that time, recording its orientation. Studying the orientation of these magnetic minerals in rocks from different locations and time periods allows scientists to map changes in the Earth's magnetic field through time and reconstruct movements of tectonic plates. Paleomagnetism provides strong evidence for plate tectonic theory, showing that continents have moved over Earth's history by matching the magnetic signatures of separated landmasses and revealing symmetrical magnetic patterns on either side of mid-ocean ridges from sea floor spreading.
Features of earth`s surface
The document describes different types of landforms and features found on Earth's surface, as well as processes that shape them. It explains that landforms include mountains, hills, valleys, and plateaus. Bodies of water and glaciers also shape landforms by eroding and depositing material. Volcanoes and earthquakes cause rapid changes through erupting lava and shifting crustal plates, which further alter the landscape over time.
Rocks; types of rocks
Rocks are aggregates of minerals. Rocks are of three types i.e., Igneous Rock, Sedimentary Rocks & Metamorphic Rocks
Fundamental and concept of environmental geology
Environmental geology is the study of how natural systems interact with human activities. It aims to minimize environmental degradation and maximize beneficial land use. Key aspects of study include natural hazards, landscape analysis, earth materials, hydrology, and geological processes. The fundamental concepts are that humans impact geology; the earth is unique and closed; materials and energy cycle; geology affects lives; human and geological timescales differ; hazards are natural; risk is inherent; modern society relies on limited earth resources; and pollution remains on earth. Environmental management requires managing human behavior.
What's hot (20)
Chapter 3: the composition and structure of the earth
Chapter 3: the composition and structure of the earth
Similar to The Earth Spheres.ppt
The Subsystem.pptx
The document discusses the four major spheres that make up the Earth system: the atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and geosphere. It provides details on the composition and features of each individual sphere. The document then explains that Earth system science studies how these four spheres interact with and influence each other, providing examples of these interactions and their effects, such as volcanoes emitting gases into the atmosphere and hurricanes causing damage on land and in the ocean.
Earth Systems
The document discusses the four main Earth systems: the atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and geosphere. It provides details on the composition and features of each system. Earth system science studies how these four spheres interact continuously, with each system affecting the others through examples of interactions like volcanoes erupting and hurricanes forming.
earth systems spheres use.ppt
The document discusses the four major spheres of Earth: the atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and geosphere. It provides details on the composition and key features of each sphere. The atmosphere contains different layers and is mostly nitrogen and oxygen. The biosphere is the zone of life on Earth, structured through food chains. The hydrosphere contains all water on the planet, including oceans, lakes, ice, and vapor. The geosphere is the solid part of Earth from the core outward, including rocks and minerals. Earth system science studies how these spheres interact constantly, affecting one another.
earth systems spheres use.ppt
The document discusses the four major spheres of Earth: the atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and geosphere. It provides details on the composition and key features of each sphere. The atmosphere contains different layers and is mostly nitrogen and oxygen. The biosphere is the zone of life on Earth, structured through food chains. The hydrosphere contains all water on the planet, including oceans, lakes, ice, and vapor. The geosphere is the solid part of Earth from the core outward, including rocks and minerals. Earth system science studies how these spheres interact constantly, affecting one another.
earth systems spheres use.ppt
The document discusses the four major spheres of Earth: the atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and geosphere. It provides details on the composition and key features of each sphere. The atmosphere contains different layers and is mostly nitrogen and oxygen. The biosphere is the region that supports life through food chains. The hydrosphere contains all water on Earth, including oceans, lakes, ice, and vapor. The geosphere is the solid part of Earth, including rocks and minerals. Earth system science studies how these spheres interact, such as how volcanoes can impact the atmosphere, biosphere, and surrounding area.
The Earth Spheres.ppt
The document describes the four main spheres that make up the Earth system - the atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and geosphere. It provides details on the composition and key aspects of each sphere. The atmosphere contains nitrogen and oxygen gases. The biosphere is the living part of Earth and includes all organisms. The hydrosphere contains all of Earth's water, both liquid and vapor. The geosphere is the solid part of Earth, made up of different layers including the crust, mantle, outer core and inner core. The document also explains how the four spheres interact with each other through examples like volcanoes and hurricanes.
Earths Spheres PPT.pdf
The Earth is made up of four interacting spheres: the atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere. The document examines each sphere in detail, describing their composition and important roles. It also discusses how human actions can positively and negatively impact each sphere, and provides examples of how a change in one sphere can affect the other spheres through the constant exchange of matter and energy between all parts of the Earth system.
Earths Systens PPT.pdf
The Earth is made up of four interacting spheres: the atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere. The atmosphere contains gases, regulates temperature, and facilitates heat transfer. The biosphere encompasses living things and their habitats. The hydrosphere is composed of the planet's water. The lithosphere constitutes Earth's solid and rocky materials. These spheres constantly influence one another through exchanges of matter and energy, such as in the water and carbon cycles. Changes in one sphere can trigger effects in the others through complex interactions that exemplify Earth's interconnected systems.
Earth's spheres
The Earth is made up of four interacting spheres: the atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere. The atmosphere contains gases, regulates temperature, and facilitates the water cycle. The biosphere encompasses living things and food webs. The hydrosphere includes all water on Earth. The lithosphere is the solid portion including the crust and mantle. These spheres constantly influence each other through exchange of matter and energy, like carbon and water cycles. Changes in one sphere can impact the others, such as volcanic eruptions releasing gases into the air and lava onto land and forests.
earth systems spheres use.ppt
The document discusses the four major spheres of Earth: the atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and geosphere. It provides details on the composition and key features of each sphere. For example, it notes the atmosphere contains different layers and is mostly nitrogen and oxygen, the biosphere is the zone of life on Earth structured through food chains, and the hydrosphere contains all water on the planet including oceans, lakes, and groundwater. The document also explains how Earth system science studies the interactions between these four spheres, like volcanic eruptions releasing gases into the air and affecting surrounding forests.
Earth's spheres
The document describes the four major interacting components that make up the Earth system: the atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and geosphere. It provides details on the composition and layers of the atmosphere. It then summarizes the geosphere as the solid Earth, the biosphere as the zone supporting life, and the hydrosphere as all of Earth's water. It concludes that Earth system science studies how changes in one component can affect the others, providing examples of how the geosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere interact.
Spheres of the Earth
The document discusses Earth's four major interacting spheres - the atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and geosphere. It provides details on each sphere, including that the atmosphere consists of four layers and is composed primarily of nitrogen and oxygen. The biosphere is defined as the life zone of Earth containing all living organisms. The hydrosphere contains all of Earth's water, including surface water, groundwater, atmospheric water vapor, and frozen water. The geosphere is the solid part of Earth, including rocks, minerals, and resources mined from it. It concludes that Earth system science studies how these four spheres continually interact and affect one another.
4 earth sytem of the earth
The Earth is a complex system consisting of four major interacting spheres: the geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere. The geosphere includes the solid Earth and its interior. The hydrosphere contains all of Earth's water. The atmosphere is the gaseous envelope surrounding the planet. The biosphere comprises all living organisms and organic matter. These spheres constantly interact through biogeochemical cycles and energy exchanges. For example, volcanoes can emit gases into the atmosphere while damaging forests and human settlements.
Earth-Subsystems.ppt
The Earth as a close system is composed of four main subsystems namely the geosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere and the biosphere.
The 4 Spheres
The document discusses the four main spheres that make up the Earth's systems - the atmosphere, biosphere, lithosphere, and hydrosphere. It aims to define each sphere and explain how they interact with each other. For example, it notes that volcanoes erupt, sending ash and gases into the atmosphere and biosphere. The document also provides definitions for key terms like weather, climate, and the layers of the atmosphere.
EarthSystem.ppt
Here are two examples of interactions between Earth system components:
1. Volcanic eruptions (geosphere) emit gases like sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere, impacting global climate. Ash and lava (geosphere) can also damage ecosystems (biosphere) on land and in the ocean.
2. Forest fires (biosphere) release smoke and particulate matter into the atmosphere, impacting air quality. Ash deposited on the ground (geosphere) and in water bodies (hydrosphere) can impact the environment.
The parts involved in the scenarios are:
1. Wind blows a sailboat across a lake.
- Atmosphere (wind) and hydrosphere (lake)
2. A
Earth SubSystem.ppt
Here are two examples of interactions between Earth system components:
1. Volcanic eruptions (geosphere) eject gases and ash into the atmosphere. Ash and gases can impact the biosphere by damaging plant life.
2. Evaporation (hydrosphere and atmosphere) is driven by solar energy and transports water from the oceans inland, where it falls as precipitation and supplies freshwater to ecosystems (biosphere).
The scenarios involve:
1. Wind (atmosphere) moving a sailboat (biosphere) across a lake (hydrosphere).
2. A bear (biosphere) digging under a log (biosphere, originally from geosphere) in search of food (biosphere
EarthSystemFinal-1ploxo5.ppt
Here are two examples of interactions between Earth system components:
1. Volcanic eruptions (geosphere) emit gases like sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere, impacting global climate. Ash and lava (geosphere) can also damage ecosystems (biosphere) on land and in the ocean.
2. Forest fires (biosphere) release smoke and particulate matter into the atmosphere, impacting air quality. Ash deposited on the ground (geosphere) and in water bodies (hydrosphere) can impact the environment.
The parts involved in the scenarios are:
1. Wind blows a sailboat across a lake.
- Atmosphere (wind) and hydrosphere (lake)
2. A
CBSE Class IX Chemistry Natural resources
This document provides information about various natural resources. It discusses key natural resources like water, air, plants, fossil fuels, rocks, minerals, forestry, soil, oceans, lakes, groundwater, and rivers. For each resource, it provides a brief definition and relevant details. It emphasizes that natural resources are extremely important for human survival and that we must work to save and conserve them.
Material cycles in nature
Biogeochemical Cycles In this section, we examine three material cycles of
nature: cycles of water, carbon, and nitrogen--substances central to maintaining
life on Earth. The three material cycles consist of the transfer of chemicals from
biological systems to geological systems and are therefore called
biogeochemical cycles. Processes that affect these transfers are biological
processes such as respiration, transpiration, photosynthesis, and
decomposition, as well as geological processes such as weathering, soil
formation, and sedimentation. As materials cycle through, we note that the total
quantity (mass) of matter remains the same, and energy that is put in changes
to work (often to rearrange forms of matter) and is eventually lost to the
surroundings.
Similar to The Earth Spheres.ppt (20)
More from KimberlyAnnePagdanga1
chapter-14.ppt
This document provides an introduction to fundamentals of electrochemistry, including:
1. Redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons between chemical species and can be monitored by measuring electric current.
2. A redox titration uses the transfer of electrons between analyte and titrant for analytical purposes. Reduction occurs when a substance gains electrons and oxidation occurs when a substance loses electrons.
3. Galvanic cells use spontaneous redox reactions to generate electricity by separating the half-cell reactions and allowing electrons to flow through an external circuit.
ch15.ppt
1) Thermodynamics is the branch of physics that deals with heat and work. The first law of thermodynamics states that the change in internal energy of a system equals the heat added to the system minus the work done by the system.
2) The second law of thermodynamics states that heat cannot spontaneously flow from a cooler body to a hotter body. All real-world processes are irreversible and cause the entropy of the universe to increase.
3) Heat engines use heat to perform work. The efficiency of heat engines is limited by the temperatures of the hot and cold reservoirs according to the Carnot efficiency formula. Refrigerators and heat pumps operate according to similar principles but use work to transfer
M3_Digestion Interaction with other Organ Systems.pptx
The document discusses the interactions between the digestive, circulatory, respiratory, and excretory systems. The digestive system breaks down food and absorbs nutrients into the bloodstream. The circulatory system then transports these nutrients and oxygen from the lungs to all the body's cells. The respiratory system supplies oxygen for cells to metabolize and the excretory system and respiratory system remove waste products from the body and cells. These systems are interdependent as the circulatory system connects them all and allows for the exchange of nutrients, oxygen, waste.
chapter31.ppt
This document discusses chemical equilibrium. It begins by explaining that many chemical reactions do not go to completion, but rather reach a state of dynamic equilibrium where the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal. This equilibrium state occurs when the concentrations of reactants and products remain constant over time.
It then introduces the equilibrium constant expression (K), which relates the concentrations or pressures of products and reactants at equilibrium. The value of K is unique to a particular chemical reaction at a given temperature. Examples are provided to demonstrate how K is calculated from experimental equilibrium concentrations. The summary concludes by noting that K can be expressed in terms of either molar concentrations (Kc) or partial pressures (Kp), and the relationship between these two expressions
chapter-14.ppt
1. The document discusses fundamentals of electrochemistry, including redox reactions, galvanic cells, and standard reduction potentials.
2. Key concepts covered include how redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons between oxidizing and reducing agents, and how this electron transfer can be harnessed to produce electric currents in batteries and cells.
3. The Nernst equation is introduced to calculate cell potentials under non-standard conditions when concentrations vary from standard values. This allows electrochemical cells to be used as probes of chemical equilibria.
WHAT MAKES THE earth's interior hot.pptx
The Earth's interior is hot due to two main sources of heat: primordial heat generated during Earth's formation from the condensation of gas and dust particles, and radioactive heat generated by the long-term radioactive decay of uranium, thorium, and other radioactive elements in Earth's core. These heat sources have not dissipated completely, accounting for about 10% of total heat still inside the Earth and causing volcanic eruptions at the surface.
ch12temp.pdf
This document discusses intermolecular forces and the physical properties of liquids and solids. It covers topics such as the different types of intermolecular forces, how these forces determine properties of liquids like viscosity and vapor pressure, crystal structure of solids, and phase changes between the different states of matter. The key points are that intermolecular forces are weaker than ionic or covalent bonds but still significantly impact properties, liquids and solids exist as a result of these intermolecular interactions, and phase changes occur with the addition or removal of heat to overcome these attractive forces.
Chapter-6-Colligative-Properties.ppt
This document discusses several colligative properties of solutions including boiling point elevation, freezing point depression, vapor pressure lowering, and osmotic pressure. It defines key terms like mole fraction, molality, and van't Hoff factor. It explains that in dilute solutions, molality and molarity are nearly equivalent. The document also covers conversions between solution properties, Raoult's law, and how dissociation of solutes is related to the van't Hoff factor and impacts freezing point depression and boiling point elevation.
Concentration of Solutions.pptx
The document provides information on different ways of expressing the concentration of solutions, including percent by mass, mole fraction, molarity, molality, percent by volume, and parts per million (ppm). It discusses an activity where students are asked to mix a substance with water and observe whether the mixture is uniform or non-uniform. Finally, it defines key terms related to solution concentration such as solution, solute, solvent, concentration, solubility, miscible, and immiscible.
Drrr2 - DISASTER IN DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES.pptx
This document discusses different perspectives on disasters: physical, psychological, socio-cultural, and economic. It instructs readers to describe disasters from each perspective, how to deal with the disaster, and provide real-life examples of how disasters impact each perspective. It then provides prompts for a group activity involving discussing disasters from these different angles.
Biomolecules of life.pptx
This document discusses the key biomolecules that make up living things: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. It explains that carbohydrates and lipids are made up of monomers and serve as energy sources, while proteins and nucleic acids are made of monomers and have a variety of functions including building muscles, strengthening the immune system, coding for traits, and catalyzing chemical reactions through enzymes. Enzymes are protein catalysts that speed up reactions and work best under certain pH and temperature conditions.
GROUP QUIZ.pptx
The document contains questions and answers about the electron configurations of various elements including calcium, chlorine, oxygen, bromine, and sodium. Specifically, it provides information on the number of electrons and neutrons in calcium, the electron configurations of chlorine and oxygen written in full and core notation, the number of valence electrons in oxygen and sodium, and the quantum numbers associated with the outer electron configurations of oxygen and sodium.
CHARLE'S LAW.ppt
Charles' Law states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature when pressure is kept constant. It describes the observation that heating a gas causes its particles to move faster, collide with the container walls more frequently and forcefully, thereby increasing the gas's volume. The document provides an example problem demonstrating how to use the mathematical expression of Charles' Law to calculate a new temperature given an initial temperature, volume, and change in volume. It also explains Charles' Law at the molecular level, describing how increased particle speed and more forceful collisions due to higher temperatures cause gases to expand in volume.
BOYLE'S LAW.ppt
Boyle's law and Charles' law are both gas laws that describe the behavior of gases at different temperatures and pressures. Here are the key relationships:
- Boyle's law describes the inverse relationship between the pressure and volume of a gas at constant temperature - as pressure increases, volume decreases and vice versa.
- Charles' law describes the direct relationship between the volume and temperature of a gas at constant pressure - as temperature increases, volume increases and vice versa.
So in summary:
- Boyle's law examines how pressure and volume change at constant temperature.
- Charles' law examines how volume and temperature change at constant pressure.
They are related in that both laws look at how gas properties change when one variable is
M2_Lesson 1_Concept of Motion.pptx
1) The document discusses Aristotelian and Galilean views of motion, including vertical, horizontal, and projectile motion. It provides examples of free fall and projectiles.
2) Key figures discussed are Aristotle, who believed heavier objects fall faster, and Galileo, who argued that falling bodies experience constant acceleration regardless of weight through experiments.
3) The acceleration due to gravity near the Earth's surface is approximately 9.8 m/s2. Motion concepts laid by Aristotle and Galileo helped progress science, despite their opposing views.
M1_Lesson 1_How greeks know that earth is spherical.pptx
The Greeks knew the Earth was spherical based on several observations and arguments:
- Aristotle argued that a sphere is a perfect shape, and that pieces of Earth falling towards the center would form a round shape. He also noted that the Earth's shadow on the Moon in an eclipse is always circular.
- Navigation observations found that ships sailing away seemed to disappear behind the horizon, which wouldn't occur if the Earth was flat.
- Eratosthenes used recorded eclipse data to calculate the circumference of the Earth, providing evidence that it was spherical rather than flat.
Physics 1809 Fall 2012 Heat and Temperature.ppt
This document describes four activities to measure heat transfer and specific heat capacities:
1) Calibrate a temperature probe using ice and warm water baths.
2) Determine the power output of a heating element by measuring temperature changes in heated water.
3) Measure the specific heat of isopropyl alcohol using the calibrated heater power.
4) Determine the specific heat of brass by cooling a disc in liquid nitrogen and monitoring its temperature increase in water.
2 Biological Change.ppt
The document discusses several key topics related to evolution:
1. It describes common descent and provides evidence from DNA, RNA, amino acid sequences, and fossils.
2. It discusses Charles Darwin's contributions including his voyage on the HMS Beagle and publishing On the Origin of Species in 1859 introducing natural selection.
3. It provides examples of adaptations through structures like camouflage and mimicry as well as physiological adaptations in bacteria that provide evidence of evolution.
phy1.ppt
Sound waves are caused by vibrations that create regions of high and low pressure in air molecules. Longitudinal waves propagate through fluids by relying on pressure forces between molecules. The speed of sound depends on the elasticity of the medium - more elastic media allow sound to travel faster. Pitch is perceived as the frequency of a sound wave, while loudness depends on the amplitude. Timbre, which allows distinction between sounds of the same pitch and loudness, is influenced most by the harmonic content or overtones present in the sound waveform.
Thermodynamics - History.ppt
Carnot's idealized steam engine cycle showed that a heat engine cannot convert all heat into work and some heat must be rejected. This led to the second law of thermodynamics. Rudolf Clausius defined entropy as the "transformation content" of a body and introduced the concept that heat cannot spontaneously flow from cold to hot. Ludwig Boltzmann described entropy on a molecular level in terms of molecular kinetic energy. Josiah Willard Gibbs defined available energy, now called Gibbs free energy, as the maximum work obtainable from a system at constant temperature and pressure.
More from KimberlyAnnePagdanga1 (20)
M3_Digestion Interaction with other Organ Systems.pptx
M3_Digestion Interaction with other Organ Systems.pptx
M1_Lesson 1_How greeks know that earth is spherical.pptx
M1_Lesson 1_How greeks know that earth is spherical.pptx
Recently uploaded
Male reproduction physiology by Suyash Garg .pptx
Physiology of Male reproduction.
Video mentioned at page no. 23 as summary for better understanding
Authoring a personal GPT for your research and practice: How we created the Q...
Thematic analysis in qualitative research is a time-consuming and systematic task, typically done using teams. Team members must ground their activities on common understandings of the major concepts underlying the thematic analysis, and define criteria for its development. However, conceptual misunderstandings, equivocations, and lack of adherence to criteria are challenges to the quality and speed of this process. Given the distributed and uncertain nature of this process, we wondered if the tasks in thematic analysis could be supported by readily available artificial intelligence chatbots. Our early efforts point to potential benefits: not just saving time in the coding process but better adherence to criteria and grounding, by increasing triangulation between humans and artificial intelligence. This tutorial will provide a description and demonstration of the process we followed, as two academic researchers, to develop a custom ChatGPT to assist with qualitative coding in the thematic data analysis process of immersive learning accounts in a survey of the academic literature: QUAL-E Immersive Learning Thematic Analysis Helper. In the hands-on time, participants will try out QUAL-E and develop their ideas for their own qualitative coding ChatGPT. Participants that have the paid ChatGPT Plus subscription can create a draft of their assistants. The organizers will provide course materials and slide deck that participants will be able to utilize to continue development of their custom GPT. The paid subscription to ChatGPT Plus is not required to participate in this workshop, just for trying out personal GPTs during it.
The cost of acquiring information by natural selection
This is a short talk that I gave at the Banff International Research Station workshop on Modeling and Theory in Population Biology. The idea is to try to understand how the burden of natural selection relates to the amount of information that selection puts into the genome.
It's based on the first part of this research paper:
The cost of information acquisition by natural selection
Ryan Seamus McGee, Olivia Kosterlitz, Artem Kaznatcheev, Benjamin Kerr, Carl T. Bergstrom
bioRxiv 2022.07.02.498577; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.07.02.498577
Sexuality - Issues, Attitude and Behaviour - Applied Social Psychology - Psyc...
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...
Current descriptions of immersive learning cases are often difficult or impossible to compare. This is due to a myriad of different options on what details to include, which aspects are relevant, and on the descriptive approaches employed. Also, these aspects often combine very specific details with more general guidelines or indicate intents and rationales without clarifying their implementation. In this paper we provide a method to describe immersive learning cases that is structured to enable comparisons, yet flexible enough to allow researchers and practitioners to decide which aspects to include. This method leverages a taxonomy that classifies educational aspects at three levels (uses, practices, and strategies) and then utilizes two frameworks, the Immersive Learning Brain and the Immersion Cube, to enable a structured description and interpretation of immersive learning cases. The method is then demonstrated on a published immersive learning case on training for wind turbine maintenance using virtual reality. Applying the method results in a structured artifact, the Immersive Learning Case Sheet, that tags the case with its proximal uses, practices, and strategies, and refines the free text case description to ensure that matching details are included. This contribution is thus a case description method in support of future comparative research of immersive learning cases. We then discuss how the resulting description and interpretation can be leveraged to change immersion learning cases, by enriching them (considering low-effort changes or additions) or innovating (exploring more challenging avenues of transformation). The method holds significant promise to support better-grounded research in immersive learning.
Mending Clothing to Support Sustainable Fashion_CIMaR 2024.pdf
Ozturkcan, S., Berndt, A., & Angelakis, A. (2024). Mending clothing to support sustainable fashion. Presented at the 31st Annual Conference by the Consortium for International Marketing Research (CIMaR), 10-13 Jun 2024, University of Gävle, Sweden.
Mechanisms and Applications of Antiviral Neutralizing Antibodies - Creative B...
Neutralizing antibodies, pivotal in immune defense, specifically bind and inhibit viral pathogens, thereby playing a crucial role in protecting against and mitigating infectious diseases. In this slide, we will introduce what antibodies and neutralizing antibodies are, the production and regulation of neutralizing antibodies, their mechanisms of action, classification and applications, as well as the challenges they face.
ESA/ACT Science Coffee: Diego Blas - Gravitational wave detection with orbita...
ESA/ACT Science Coffee: Diego Blas - Gravitational wave detection with orbita...Advanced-Concepts-Team
Presentation in the Science Coffee of the Advanced Concepts Team of the European Space Agency on the 07.06.2024.
Speaker: Diego Blas (IFAE/ICREA)
Title: Gravitational wave detection with orbital motion of Moon and artificial
Abstract:
In this talk I will describe some recent ideas to find gravitational waves from supermassive black holes or of primordial origin by studying their secular effect on the orbital motion of the Moon or satellites that are laser ranged.(June 12, 2024) Webinar: Development of PET theranostics targeting the molecu...
(June 12, 2024) Webinar: Development of PET theranostics targeting the molecu...Scintica Instrumentation
Targeting Hsp90 and its pathogen Orthologs with Tethered Inhibitors as a Diagnostic and Therapeutic Strategy for cancer and infectious diseases with Dr. Timothy Haystead.Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths Forward
We will metaverse into the essence of immersive learning, into its three dimensions and conceptual models. This approach encompasses elements from teaching methodologies to social involvement, through organizational concerns and technologies. Challenging the perception of learning as knowledge transfer, we introduce a 'Uses, Practices & Strategies' model operationalized by the 'Immersive Learning Brain' and ‘Immersion Cube’ frameworks. This approach offers a comprehensive guide through the intricacies of immersive educational experiences and spotlighting research frontiers, along the immersion dimensions of system, narrative, and agency. Our discourse extends to stakeholders beyond the academic sphere, addressing the interests of technologists, instructional designers, and policymakers. We span various contexts, from formal education to organizational transformation to the new horizon of an AI-pervasive society. This keynote aims to unite the iLRN community in a collaborative journey towards a future where immersive learning research and practice coalesce, paving the way for innovative educational research and practice landscapes.
fermented food science of sauerkraut.pptx
This ppt contains the production of a fermented food name - sauerkraut
在线办理(salfor毕业证书)索尔福德大学毕业证毕业完成信一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(salfor毕业证书)索尔福德大学毕业证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
HUMAN EYE By-R.M Class 10 phy best digital notes.pdf
Class 10 human eye notes physics
Handwritten best quality
Gadgets for management of stored product pests_Dr.UPR.pdf
Insectsplayamajorroleinthedeteriorationoffoodgrainscausingbothquantitativeandqualitativelosses
Wellprovedthatnogranariescanbefilledwithgrainswithoutinsectsastheharvestedproducecontainegg(or)larvae(or)pupae(or)adultinsectinthembecauseoffieldcarryoverinfestationwhichcannotbeavoidedindevelopingcountrieslikeIndia
Simpletechnologiesfortimelydetectionofinsectsinthestoredproduceandtherebyplantimelycontrolmeasures
Candidate young stellar objects in the S-cluster: Kinematic analysis of a sub...
Context. The observation of several L-band emission sources in the S cluster has led to a rich discussion of their nature. However, a definitive answer to the classification of the dusty objects requires an explanation for the detection of compact Doppler-shifted Brγ emission. The ionized hydrogen in combination with the observation of mid-infrared L-band continuum emission suggests that most of these sources are embedded in a dusty envelope. These embedded sources are part of the S-cluster, and their relationship to the S-stars is still under debate. To date, the question of the origin of these two populations has been vague, although all explanations favor migration processes for the individual cluster members. Aims. This work revisits the S-cluster and its dusty members orbiting the supermassive black hole SgrA* on bound Keplerian orbits from a kinematic perspective. The aim is to explore the Keplerian parameters for patterns that might imply a nonrandom distribution of the sample. Additionally, various analytical aspects are considered to address the nature of the dusty sources. Methods. Based on the photometric analysis, we estimated the individual H−K and K−L colors for the source sample and compared the results to known cluster members. The classification revealed a noticeable contrast between the S-stars and the dusty sources. To fit the flux-density distribution, we utilized the radiative transfer code HYPERION and implemented a young stellar object Class I model. We obtained the position angle from the Keplerian fit results; additionally, we analyzed the distribution of the inclinations and the longitudes of the ascending node. Results. The colors of the dusty sources suggest a stellar nature consistent with the spectral energy distribution in the near and midinfrared domains. Furthermore, the evaporation timescales of dusty and gaseous clumps in the vicinity of SgrA* are much shorter ( 2yr) than the epochs covered by the observations (≈15yr). In addition to the strong evidence for the stellar classification of the D-sources, we also find a clear disk-like pattern following the arrangements of S-stars proposed in the literature. Furthermore, we find a global intrinsic inclination for all dusty sources of 60 ± 20◦, implying a common formation process. Conclusions. The pattern of the dusty sources manifested in the distribution of the position angles, inclinations, and longitudes of the ascending node strongly suggests two different scenarios: the main-sequence stars and the dusty stellar S-cluster sources share a common formation history or migrated with a similar formation channel in the vicinity of SgrA*. Alternatively, the gravitational influence of SgrA* in combination with a massive perturber, such as a putative intermediate mass black hole in the IRS 13 cluster, forces the dusty objects and S-stars to follow a particular orbital arrangement. Key words. stars: black holes– stars: formation– Galaxy: center– galaxies: star formation
Recently uploaded (20)
Juaristi, Jon. - El canon espanol. El legado de la cultura española a la civi...
Juaristi, Jon. - El canon espanol. El legado de la cultura española a la civi...
Authoring a personal GPT for your research and practice: How we created the Q...
Authoring a personal GPT for your research and practice: How we created the Q...
Clinical periodontology and implant dentistry 2003.pdf
Clinical periodontology and implant dentistry 2003.pdf
The cost of acquiring information by natural selection
The cost of acquiring information by natural selection
Sexuality - Issues, Attitude and Behaviour - Applied Social Psychology - Psyc...
Sexuality - Issues, Attitude and Behaviour - Applied Social Psychology - Psyc...
Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...
Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...
Mending Clothing to Support Sustainable Fashion_CIMaR 2024.pdf
Mending Clothing to Support Sustainable Fashion_CIMaR 2024.pdf
Mechanisms and Applications of Antiviral Neutralizing Antibodies - Creative B...
Mechanisms and Applications of Antiviral Neutralizing Antibodies - Creative B...
ESA/ACT Science Coffee: Diego Blas - Gravitational wave detection with orbita...
ESA/ACT Science Coffee: Diego Blas - Gravitational wave detection with orbita...
Microbiology of Central Nervous System INFECTIONS.pdf
Microbiology of Central Nervous System INFECTIONS.pdf
(June 12, 2024) Webinar: Development of PET theranostics targeting the molecu...
(June 12, 2024) Webinar: Development of PET theranostics targeting the molecu...
Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths Forward
Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths Forward
HUMAN EYE By-R.M Class 10 phy best digital notes.pdf
HUMAN EYE By-R.M Class 10 phy best digital notes.pdf
Gadgets for management of stored product pests_Dr.UPR.pdf
Gadgets for management of stored product pests_Dr.UPR.pdf
Candidate young stellar objects in the S-cluster: Kinematic analysis of a sub...
Candidate young stellar objects in the S-cluster: Kinematic analysis of a sub...
The Earth Spheres.ppt
- 1. Draw a tree map in your journal like the one below: Look for information to complete your tree map. The Earth System __________________________ ______________________________ ___________________________ _________________________
- 2. Earth Systems Overview The Earth is a system consisting of four major parts: the atmosphere, the biosphere, the hydrosphere, and the geosphere
- 3. The Atmosphere The Earth is surrounded by a blanket of air, called the atmosphere. The atmosphere is primarily composed of nitrogen (N) and oxygen (O).
- 4. The Biosphere The biosphere is the living part of the Earth, and includes all living organisms (including humans), and all organic matter that has not yet decomposed. Living organisms are made mainly of Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O) and Nitrogen (N)
- 5. Hydrosphere The hydrosphere contains all the water (H20) found on our planet. • Water found on the surface of our planet includes the ocean as well as water from lakes and rivers, streams, and creeks. • Water found under the surface of our planet includes water trapped in the soil and groundwater. • Water found in our atmosphere includes water vapor. • Frozen water on our planet includes ice caps and glaciers. • Only about 3% of the water on Earth is “fresh” water, and about 70% of the fresh water is frozen in the form of glacial ice.
- 6. Geosphere (also called Lithosphere) The geosphere is the solid Earth that includes the continental and ocean crust as well the various layers of Earth’s interior. • 94% of the Earth is composed of the elements oxygen, silicon, and magnesium. • The surface of the geosphere is is in a constantly changing. • Mineral resources are mined from the geosphere.
- 7. Earth System Science Earth System Science is the study of how the four spheres of the Earth system interact continually, each affecting the others. Let’s look at a couple of examples of how a change in one system (or sphere) affects other Earth systems.
- 8. System Interactions Volcanoes (geosphere) erupt, sending ash and gases into the air (atmosphere) and sending lava and ash down onto surrounding forests (biosphere) and human habitations (biosphere). Geosphere Atmosphere Biosphere
- 9. System Interactions Hurricanes (atmosphere) sweep across the ocean (hydrosphere) and onto the land (geosphere), damaging the dwellings of people (biosphere) who live along the coast. Atmosphere Hydrosphere Geosphere Biosphere
- 10. System Interactions Earthquakes (geosphere) can damage buildings which may kill people (biosphere), as well as cause fires which release gases into the air (atmosphere). Earthquakes in the ocean may cause a tsunami (hydrosphere) which can eventually hit land and kill both animals and people (biosphere). Geosphere Biosphere Atmosphere Hydrosphere
- 11. System Interactions: Think of your own examples using the sentence stems. Write them in your journal. 1.The atmosphere interacts with the biosphere when……………….. 2. The hydrosphere interacts with the geosphere when………….