The challenge in the recovery process and solutions for the future, Takuya ITO
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6th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2016 Integrative Risk Management - Towards Resilient Cities. 28 August - 01 September 2016 in Davos, Switzerland
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The challenge in the recovery process and solutions for the future, Takuya ITO
- 1. Copyright © Pacific Consultants Co., LTD. 5 Years from the 11 March 2011 East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami Lessons learnt in the recovery process and solutions for the future Pacific Consultants Co., Ltd. Disaster Reduction and Water Development Department Overseas Division Takuya Ito (Consultant)
- 2. Copyright © Pacific Consultants Co., LTD. Urban Infrastructure Design Project planning Urban Planning Infrastructure management Energy Environment Disaster Risk Reduction Low-carbon society Transportation ICT technology Provide Service and Solution based on profession in various fields and more・・
- 3. Copyright © Pacific Consultants Co., LTD. Contents of the Presentation Response to the disaster Solutions based on the lessons learnt from the disaster Contribution to the Global discussion
- 4. Copyright © Pacific Consultants Co., LTD. Overview of our response 02:46 March 11, 2011 The Great East Japan Earth quake and tsunami March, 2011 Establishment of disaster Response task force May, 2011 Involved in recovery project in 4 municipalities June - July, 2011 Establishment of on-site office for recovery project 2012 Establishment of on-site office as involved in more projects Nearly 300 staffs involved in over 700 recovery projects Google map
- 5. Copyright © Pacific Consultants Co., LTD. We have been supporting the recovery process from various aspects Regional Community Policies Formulation of new urban areaPlanning / Design Emergence Response Consultation for Recovery Plan Tsunami Simulation for land use plan Support local government for coordination Coordination for relocation Infrastructure recovery (Road, Water Supply, River, costal facility, harbor, farmland) Investigation of damage to infrastructure Resilient infrastructure design Construction Management (Supporting local government) Other Disaster waste treatment
- 6. Copyright © Pacific Consultants Co., LTD. Solutions based on the lessons learnt from the disaster
- 7. Copyright © Pacific Consultants Co., LTD. Case (1) How do we deal with extreme disaster
- 8. Copyright © Pacific Consultants Co., LTD. (1) Protect the city from frequent tsunami by structural measures Lessons learnt (2) Protect human life for historical tsunami by non-structural measures Effective evacuation plan Land use planning including relocation
- 9. Copyright © Pacific Consultants Co., LTD. Situation of the worst case Solution for implementation Inundation Depth 0 2 4 6 8 10 Road Heightening Embankment With structural measures
- 10. Copyright © Pacific Consultants Co., LTD. Solution for implementation Land use planning based on simulation Residential area Industrial area Agricultural area Parks and Forest Memorial facilities
- 11. Copyright © Pacific Consultants Co., LTD. Applying the idea learnt in Japan (JICA Project) The Urgent Development Study on The Project on Rehabilitation and Recovery from Typhoon Yolanda
- 12. Copyright © Pacific Consultants Co., LTD. (1) Protect the city from frequent disaster (Structural Measures) (2) Protect lives from historical disaster (Non-Structural Measures) Idea from the Japanese recovery process was applied
- 13. Copyright © Pacific Consultants Co., LTD. Structural measures Applied in 3 sections in Tacloban city Source: The Urgent Development Study on the Project on Rehabilitation and Recovery from Typhoon Yolanda in the Philippines Final Report (Japan International Cooperation Agency) Worst case 50 years Return period Inundation Depth (m) 0 0.3 1 2 3 4 5
- 14. Copyright © Pacific Consultants Co., LTD. Non-structural measures Community evacuation plan Evacuation was accomplished by community to a certain degree In the case of Typhoon Ruby (Dec. 2015) Source: The Urgent Development Study on the Project on Rehabilitation and Recovery from Typhoon Yolanda in the Philippines Final Report (Japan International Cooperation Agency)
- 15. Copyright © Pacific Consultants Co., LTD. Case (2) How to prepare for coming disasters
- 16. Copyright © Pacific Consultants Co., LTD. Lessons learnt (fact) Municipality out of affected area Disaster affected area Storage Car depot Evacuation facility Electricity back up Source: Tono asletic park use plan (Tono city) Affected costal areas Assistance
- 17. Copyright © Pacific Consultants Co., LTD. Comprehensive solution for disaster recovery and preparedness Coordination among regions for disaster response City Planning “Back Up City”
- 18. Copyright © Pacific Consultants Co., LTD. (2) Role of each municipality (3) Plan resilient infrastructure network in disaster period Coordination among regions for disaster response and prepardness Backup center for disaster response Disaster prone Coastal areas to be backed up by back up center Prevent isolation from the supporting network in rural area High capacity response center for supporting urban areas (1) Who should we coordinate with Source: Chiba prefecture Bosai assistance network basic plan (Chiba pref. Feb. 2014)
- 19. Copyright © Pacific Consultants Co., LTD. City planning Planning to integrate economy revitalization with preparedness for disaster Coastal Urban area Inland rural area Network to connect the region Logistics Base Tsunami prone No tsunami hazard Agricultural production City characteristics Disaster risk Back up Promotion & revitalization of the economy Back up Landslide prone Few landslide hazard 【 Example 】
- 20. Copyright © Pacific Consultants Co., LTD. City planning considering network and coordination Nagoya Toyohashi Hamamatsu Iida High way High way Source: Creation of City, People, and Work visualize the “2050 Grand design” and utilize capacity of the organization and strategy of MLIT (MLIT 2014) Coordination in regional level Infrastructure to network rural area and urban area Integrating the market by branding strategy Coordination for disaster response
- 21. Copyright © Pacific Consultants Co., LTD. Contribution to the Global discussion What private sector can provide
- 22. Copyright © Pacific Consultants Co., LTD. Providing our solution to Global discussion • Presenting our solution in the the 3rd UN World Conference on DRR Public forum and exhibition Supporting Tohoku Univ. for the organization of the UN conference Continuous support to the follow up activities of the UN conference in Tohoku Univ. Providing Solutions Supporting organization of global initiative
- 23. Copyright © Pacific Consultants Co., LTD. Thank you so much for allowing us to make a presentation.
Editor's Notes
- Good morning, I am Takuya Ito from Pacific Consultants and today I would like to talk about the lessons learnt in the recovery process and solution for the future.
- Pacific consultants is a consulting engineer which have been contributed to the planning and design of urban infrastructure and public service since 1951, with over 1500 professionals in various fields.
- Todays presentation will consist of 3 part. First is our response to the 2011 disaster. Second is solutions based on the lessons learnt from the disaster And at last our contribution to the global discussions.
- After the disaster happened in march 11 2011, we established a disaster response task force in Tokyo and Sendai. And in May we made contract with 4 local government to support their recovery process. Since then we have established 11 on-site office to work closely with the affected area. Nearly 300 staffs were involved in over 700 projects related to the recovery of the area.
- We have been involved in the recovery process from the emergence response stage to the planning design and the formulation of new urban areas. We were involved in the recovery of infrastructure and regional community policies and other activities such as disaster waste treatment.
- Now I would like to talk about some samples of solution, which is based on the lessons learnt from the disaster.
- Case 1, How do we deal with extreme disaster.
- In Japan, the government decided to face tsunami disaster in 2 stages. Is to protect the city with structural measures such as levee. Is to protect human life by non structural measures from historical disaster such as the 2011 Tsunami. Non structural measures include effective evacuation plan or land use planning including relocation to higher area.
- So, based on the idea we planned the design of the structural measures base on simulation of inundation area caused by the worse case tsunami and how it will change. You can see that around this area the height of the tsunami have been decreased by newly designed coastal embankment and heightening of existing roads. This is the photo of the construction site.
- And based on this simulation, the government decided the recovery plan of their city. They placed the residential area in area with the inundation depth below 2m. And non residential industrial area and agricultural area more near the sea. And area estimated to have high inundation depth will be utilized as park and forest or memorial facilities to remember the disaster.
- And this idea was applied to the JICA project in Philippines.
- In Philippines huge typhoon Yolanda or Haiyan caused storm serge which washed away the area leaving more the 6000 peopled killed. And as a recovery project, idea from the Japanese recovery process was applied.
- First to consider structural measures JICA have made a precise hazard map in the area in couple of cases. The worst case scenario and the case of storm serge that happen once in 50 years. Based on the simulation, JICA team have adivised the Philipinnes government to construct structural measures to prevent the damage of strom serge that happen once in 50 years. And it was applied in 3 sections of the city.
- Still, because we could not prevent the damage caused by the worst case. JICA team developed a community evacuation plan which is precisely planned by recognizing population in each village and providing enough evacuation facility, and providing people the information for evacuation route. And this evacuation plan was tested when another typhoon hit the area. And some of the community actually managed the evacuation plan very well.
- Next I would like to talk about the next case. How to prepare for coming disasters.
- This is an example in Iwate prefecture, a lot of assistance was provided to the affected coastal areas. However if the assistance is provided separately, it is not efficient and it might not fit the needs of the affected areas. But, in this case, Tono city which is located near the affected area but not affected so much acted as a center to provide supports to the affected area by integrating and coordinating the support coming from all over Japan.
- Based in that lessons, we are now emphasizing a comprehensive solution for disaster recovery and preparedness. It is called back up city and it is a concept to integrate coordination among regions for disaster response and city planning.
- This is an example in Chiba prefecture, which locates in the east of Tokyo. In this area two hazard is As this area is estimated to have a tsunami hazard. Inland area indicated in green is defined to be the back up center when the disaster happens and the red area is focused on providing enough capacity for response since it is an urban area with high population density. And the blue and purple area should be backed up by green area in case a tsunami occurs. So the elements of the coordination among regions for preparedness will be to plan who we should coordinate with and the role of each municipality or area and plus, plan for resilient infrastructure network which will not be disrupted by disasters.
- From the city planning perspective we can consider to integrate economy revitalization with preparedness for disasters. This is an example of the coordination between inland rural area and coastal urbanized area. By networking the two region, it will provide the inland city can broaden there market by promotion of products to the connected city and also the urban area might have better access to good quality agricultural production. Plus fro the disaster risk, because the two city is prone to different kind of disaster it is able to back up each other.
- For more specific case this is a case in the region near Nagoya which locates in the central area of Japan. By making infrastructure network from rural area to urban area this region can benefit from it.