The axilla is a pyramidal space bounded by bones and muscles that provides a passage for vessels and nerves to the upper limb. It contains the brachial plexus, axillary artery and vein, lymph nodes, and connective tissue. The axillary artery gives off branches including the thoracoacromial, lateral thoracic, anterior and posterior circumflex humeral, and subscapular arteries. The axillary vein receives tributaries that generally follow the arterial branches. Axillary lymph nodes are arranged in five groups - apical, pectoral, subscapular, humeral, and central - that drain lymph from different regions.
Thigh - Anterior Compartment Anatomy contains many muscles and important Triangle the Femoral triangle. This slide gives you a diagramatic representation of the Ant.Compt and also Apllied anatomy facilitating Integrated Teaching.
Thigh - Anterior Compartment Anatomy contains many muscles and important Triangle the Femoral triangle. This slide gives you a diagramatic representation of the Ant.Compt and also Apllied anatomy facilitating Integrated Teaching.
The femoral triangle is a wedge-shaped area located within the superomedial aspect of the anterior thigh. The femoral triangle is a hollow region located in the supero-medial part of the anterior thigh.
The femoral triangle is a wedge-shaped area located within the superomedial aspect of the anterior thigh. The femoral triangle is a hollow region located in the supero-medial part of the anterior thigh.
Anatomy of axilla with Dr- Ameera Al-Humidi .pptxAmeera Al-Humidi
The axilla is the anatomical region under the shoulder joint where the arm connects to the shoulder.
The axilla has five anatomic borders: superior, anterior, posterior, lateral, and medial walls.
The borders of the axilla are composed of muscles, including the serratus anterior, coracobrachialis, and short head of the biceps
The axillary walls are used as landmarks by surgeons to prevent damage to the neurovascular structures within the axilla during surgery
The contents of the axilla include muscles, nerves, vessels, and lymphatics
The axillary artery and vein, brachial plexus, and axillary lymph nodes are some of the neurovascular structures found in the axilla
Seminar presentation on arterial supply of human head & neck - carotid artery, maxillary artery, ophthalmic artery
post-graduate level
MDS- oral & maxillofacial surgery
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
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Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
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Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
The Gram stain is a fundamental technique in microbiology used to classify bacteria based on their cell wall structure. It provides a quick and simple method to distinguish between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, which have different susceptibilities to antibiotics
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
2. • The axilla is the gateway to the upper limb,
providing an area of transition between the
neck and the arm.
• Formed by the clavicle, the scapula, the upper
thoracic wall, the humerus, and related
muscles.
• The axilla is an irregularly shaped pyramidal
space with:
• four sides/walls
• an inlet/apex and
• a floor (base).
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3. • The axillary inlet is continuous superiorly
with the neck, and the lateral part of the
floor opens into the arm.
• The shape and size of the axilla varies
depending on the position of the arm; it
almost disappears when the arm is fully
abducted.
• The axilla provides a passageway for
vessels and nerves to reach the upper
limb.
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6. BOUNDARIES
• The walls of the axilla are as follows;
anterior, posterior, medial and lateral
walls.
A. ANTERIOR WALL;
Formed by the pectorialis major muscle
Clavipectoral fascia
Pectorialis minor muscle
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7. B. Posterior wall;
Formed by the subscapularis muscle
Latissimus dorsi
Teres major
C. Medial wall;
Formed by the serattus anterior covering
the upper part of the lateral thoracic wall
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8. D. Lateral wall;
Is a narrow wall formed by the shaft of the
humerus of arm
Coracobrachialis muscle
Short head of biceps brachii muscle
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9. E. Apex;
Is triangular and directed upwards and
medially towards the root of the neck.
It is bounded by the clavicle bone
anteriorly,
First rib medially and
Upper border of scapula posteriorly
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10. • Major vessels and nerves pass between the
neck and the axilla by crossing over the lateral
border of rib I and through the axillary inlet.
• The subclavian artery, the major blood vessel
supplying the upper limb, becomes the
axillary artery as it crosses the lateral margin
of 1st rib and enters the axilla.
2/10/2014
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11. • Similarly, the axillary vein becomes the
subclavian vein as it passes over the lateral
margin of rib I and leaves the axilla to enter
the neck.
• At the axillary inlet, the axillary vein is anterior
to the axillary artery, which, in turn, is anterior
to the trunks of the brachial plexus.
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12. F. The base/floor;
The floor of the axilla is formed by fascia and a
dome of skin that spans the distance between
the inferior margins of the walls.
It is supported by the clavipectoral fascia.
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14. AXILLARY CONTENTS
• Contents of the axilla includes;
1. The three cords of the brachial plexus and
their branches
2. The axillary arteries and its branches
3. The axillary vein and its tributaries
4. The axillary lymph nodes
5. Fibro-fatty tissue
6. The axillary tail of Spence of mammary
gland in females
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15. Axillary artery
• The axillary artery supplies the walls of
the axilla and related regions, and
continues as the major blood supply to
the more distal parts of the upper limb.
• The subclavian artery in the neck
becomes the axillary artery at the lateral
margin of 1st rib and passes through the
axilla, becoming the brachial artery at the
inferior margin of the teres major muscle.
2/10/2014
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16. • The axillary artery is separated into three parts by
the pectoralis minor muscle, which crosses
anteriorly to the vessel.
the first part is proximal to pectoralis minor
(extends from the lateral border of 1st rib to
medial border of P.minor)
the second part is posterior to pectoralis minor
(behind the P. minor)
the third part is distal to pectoralis minor (the
longest part, extending from the lateral border of
P.minor to the lower border of teres major muscle.
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18. Branches
• Generally, six branches arise from the axillary
artery: one from the first part, two from the
second part and three from the third part.
• First part; a) Superior thoracic artery, a small
branch supplying first intercostal space.
• Second part; b) the thoraco-acromial branch
which pieces the clavipectorial fascia and
divides into four branches thus;
i. The deltoid branch which lies in deltopectoral groove.
2/10/2014
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19. ii. The clavicular branch which supplies
sternoclavicular joint and subclavius muscle
iii. The pectoral branch which supplies the
pectoral muscles
iv. The acromion branch which takes part in the
anastomosis over the acromial process
2/10/2014
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21. c) The lateral thoracic artery, which runs along
the lateral border of the P. minor muscle and
supplies the anterior and medial walls. In females
branches emerge from the inferior border of the P.
major and contribute in the supply of the breast.
2/10/2014
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23. • Third part; d) the anterior circumflex
humeral artery, It passes anterior to the
surgical neck of the humerus and anastomoses
with the posterior circumflex humeral artery.
• Supplies branches to surrounding tissues,
which include the glenohumeral joint and the
head of the humerus.
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24. e) The posterior circumflex humeral artery; a much
larger artery than the anterior circumflex humeral
and accompanies the axillary nerve through the
quadrangular space.
Supplies the glenohumeral joint and surrounding
muscles i.e teres major, minor and long head of
triceps brachii.
f) The subscapular artery; is the largest branch of
the axillary artery and is the major blood supply to
the posterior wall of the axilla.
• It also contributes to the blood supply of the
posterior scapular region.
• It divides into its two terminal branches, the
circumflex scapular artery and the thoracodorsal
artery.
2/10/2014
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26. AXILLARY VEIN
• The axillary vein begins at the lower margin of
the teres major muscle and is the continuation of
the basilic vein, which is a superficial vein that
drains the posteromedial surface of the hand and
forearm and penetrates the deep fascia in the
middle of the arm.
• The axillary vein passes through the axilla medial
and anterior to the axillary artery and becomes the
subclavian vein as the vessel crosses the lateral
border of 1st rib at the axillary inlet.
• Tributaries of the axillary vein generally follow
the branches of the axillary artery. Other
tributaries include brachial veins that follow the
brachial artery, and the cephalic vein.
2/10/2014
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27. • The cephalic vein is a superficial vein that drains the lateral
and posterior parts of the hand, the forearm, and the arm.
• In the area of the shoulder, it passes into an inverted
triangular cleft (the clavipectoral triangle) between the
deltoid muscle, pectoralis major muscle, and the clavicle.
• In the superior part of the clavipectoral triangle, the cephalic
vein passes deep to the clavicular head of the pectoralis
major muscle and pierces the clavipectoral fascia to join the
axillary vein.
• Many patients who are critically unwell have lost blood or
fluid, which requires replacement. Access to a peripheral
vein is necessary to replace the fluid. The typical sites for
venous access are the cephalic vein adjacent to the
anatomical snuffbox or the antecubital veins, which lie within
the superficial tissues of the cubital fossa.
2/10/2014
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29. Axillary Lymph Nodes
• The fibrofatty connective tissue of the axilla has
many lymph nodes.
• They are arranged in five principal groups: apical,
pectoral, subscapular, humeral, and central.
• Apical group; consists of lymph nodes at the
apex of the axilla.
• Located along the medial side of the axillary vein
and the first part of the axillary artery.
• It receives lymph from all other groups of axillary
lymph nodes.
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30. • Pectoral (anterior) group;
• Consists of three to five lymph nodes that
lie along the medial wall of the axilla,
around the lateral thoracic vein and the
inferior border of the pectoralis minor.
• The pectoral group of nodes receives
lymph mainly from the anterior thoracic
wall including the breast.
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31. • The subscapular (posterior) group;
• Consists of six or seven lymph nodes that
lie along the posterior axillary fold and
subscapular blood vessels.
• This group of lymph nodes receives
lymph from the posterior aspect of the
thoracic wall and scapular region.
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32. • The humeral (lateral) group;
• Consists of four to six lymph nodes that lie
along the lateral wall of the axilla, medial and
posterior to the axillary vein.
• This group of lymph nodes receives nearly all
the lymph from the upper limb, except that
carried by lymphatic vessels accompanying the
cephalic vein, which drains to the central and
apical axillary nodes.
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33. • Central group;
• The central group of axillary lymph nodes
consists of three or four large lymph nodes
situated deep to the pectoralis minor near the
base of the axilla, in association with the
second part of the axillary artery.
• As its name indicates, the central group
receives lymph from the pectoral, subscapular,
and humeral groups of axillary lymph nodes.
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