This document discusses concepts related to social stratification and inequality. It begins by defining social mobility as the process by which individuals move between different levels in a stratification system. It then discusses different theories of social stratification, including functionalist views which see it as necessary for societies to function, and conflict theories which see it as benefiting some groups at the expense of others. The document also examines concepts like social class, status, and life chances as defined by Max Weber, and looks at cross-country differences in inequality using measures like the Gini index.