Social realism
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Social Realism was an art movement from 1929 to the late 1950s that depicted realistic representations of the working class and poor during times of economic hardship like the Great Depression. Artists aimed to bring awareness to social issues through paintings, photographs and other media showing the lives and conditions of everyday people. Some notable artists included Grant Wood, Edward Hopper, Diego Rivera, and Charles White. The movement influenced later generations of artists and continued addressing themes of social and political issues.
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Social realism
- 2. Beginnings ● Started in 1929; ended in the late 1950’s ● Influenced by European Realism ● Became an important art movement during the Great Depression in America ● Artists had socialist political views ● Focused on the social, economic and political conditions during the time, especially on the lives of the working class and poor ● “Works that portrayed the truth of society” ● Paintings, photographs, films, print
- 3. Key Ideas And Concepts ● Depicts figurative and realistic image of the masses of the time ● Artists envision themselves as part of the working class, often wearing overalls to symbolize unity with the working class ● Artists believed themselves to be the critical thinking members of society rather than the upper class ● Artists focused on the human figure and condition during that time
- 4. Leading Artists ● Grant Wood ● Edward Hopper ● David Alfaro Siqueiros ● Diego Rivera ● Charles Wilbert White
- 5. Artist: Grant Wood Title: American Gothic Year: 1930 Medium: Oil on beaverboard Size: 30 ¾ x 25 ¾ in Location: Art Institute of Chicago
- 6. Grant Wood painted the American Gothic in 1930. The paintings shows a farmer standing beside a woman, whom people interpret to be either his wife or daughter. The figures were modeled by Wood's sister and their dentist. This painting served as Wood’s big break - he instantly became famous after its release.
- 7. Artist: Edward Hopper Title: Nighthawks Year: 1942 Medium: Oil on canvas Size: 33 ⅛ x 60 in Location: Art Institute of Chicago
- 8. The scene was supposedly inspired by a diner (which is has now been demolished) in Greenwich Village, Hopper's neighborhood in Manhattan. The red haired customer in the painting was modeled after Hopper’s wife, Jo. Hopper stated, “unconsciously, probably, I was painting the loneliness of a large city.”
- 9. Artist: Edward Hopper Title: New York Movie Year: 1939 Medium: Oil on canvas Size: 33 ⅛ x 60 in Location: Museum of Modern Art
- 10. Hopper’s wife, Jo, was the model for the woman in the painting. To pose for the painting, Jo stood under a lamp in their apartment. Hopper is known for playing with light in his paintings, which is again evident in this painting.
- 11. Artist: David Alfaro Siqueiros Title: Portrait of Present Day Mexico Year: 1932 Medium: Mural Size: unknown Location: Private collection
- 12. Artist: Diego Rivera Title: Frozen Assets Year: 1931 Medium: Mural Size: 94 ⅛ x 74 3/16 Location: Museo Dolores Olmedo
- 13. Artist: Charles Wilbert White Title: Our War Year: 1948 Medium: Print Size: unknown
- 14. Artist: Elizabeth Catlett Title: I Have Special Reservations Year: 1946 Medium: Linoleum cut Size: 6 5/16 x 6 ¼, 13 ¾ x 10 Location: Museum of Modern Art
- 15. Later Developments ● Social Realism was not used as much towards the late 1940’s and 1950’s ● Social Realism never completely died out and is still part of contemporary art ● There has been a resurgence in interest in Social Realism in the 1980’s
- 16. Influence and Legacy ● It made people socially aware of what was happening around them ● It shed light on issues of the working class ● More artists started using it as a form of reform and political expression ● Even after its peak, artists continued to make art relating to social realism (even in the present day)
- 17. Influence on Philippine Art Artist: Antipas Delotavo Title: Easterly Winds Year: 2009 Medium: Oil on canvas Size: 60 x 48 in Location: unknown
- 18. Influence on Philippine Art This piece talks about the Filipino farmers and other agricultural workers.
- 19. Influence on Philippine Art Artist: Imelda Cajipe-Endaya Title: Pasyong Bayan Year: 1983 Medium: Oil on canvas, collage on sawali mounted on plywood (3 pieces total) Size: 70 x 207.28 in Location: Metropolitan Museum of Manila
- 20. Influence on Philippine Art “Expresses the people’s rage against the human-rights violations perpetrated by a dictatorial regime (Martial Law) that resulted in the loss of our democratic freedoms.” -Endaya
- 21. Influence on Philippine Art Artist: Neil Doloricon Title: Force of Production Year: 2014 Medium: Woodcut Size: 15.5 x 35.5 in Location: unknown
- 22. Influence on Philippine Art This work represents the injustice and reality of workers who work in dehumanizing and harsh working conditions.
- 23. Group’s Evaluation of the Art Movement ● Social Realism is meant to inspire the masses to work hard to continue the functioning society ● The art movement is very expressive and depicts the reality of the people’s lives ● The art exposes the truth of how society functions with the help of the working class