Elements and Principles of Art and Design
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This document outlines various elements and principles of art and design, including concepts like symmetry, asymmetry, radial balance, contrast in size, color and value, emphasis through location and value, use of space, grouping, movement and rhythm through techniques like motion lines, medium disturbance, anticipated movement, and multiple images. It also discusses unity through conceptual and gestalt approaches, use of materials, and repetition through patterns that can be regular, random, alternating or flowing.
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Ancient Non-Western Art - Oceania and India
Oceanic art comprises works created by native peoples across Oceania, including Hawaii and Easter Island. Two groups settled the region at different times - Australo-Melanesians 40,000-60,000 years ago, and Austronesians 30,000 years ago. The Lapita culture emerged around 1500 BC and dispersed across more remote Oceanic islands by 1000 BC. Artistic traditions vary across Oceania and include tattooing, petroglyphs, wood carvings, masks, and monumental stone figures like Easter Island's moai.
Mesopotamian Architecture
Mesopotamian architecture was characterized by massive monumental structures like ziggurats and palaces. Ziggurats were large stepped towers built out of mudbricks that served both practical and religious purposes. They dominated cities and symbolized the rule of gods. Some notable ziggurats included those at Uruk, Borsippa, and Ur. Palaces were also grand architectural feats, such as Sargon's palace at Dur-Sharrukin in Assyria and the structures built by Persian kings at Pasargadae and Persepolis, including the Apadana palace and Hall of 100 Columns.
Social realism
Social Realism was an art movement from 1929 to the late 1950s that depicted realistic representations of the working class and poor during times of economic hardship like the Great Depression. Artists aimed to bring awareness to social issues through paintings, photographs and other media showing the lives and conditions of everyday people. Some notable artists included Grant Wood, Edward Hopper, Diego Rivera, and Charles White. The movement influenced later generations of artists and continued addressing themes of social and political issues.
Minimalism
Minimalism started in the 1960s in New York and aimed to remove elements of self-expression from art. Minimalist artists used industrial materials and focused on simple geometric forms and colors to create artworks that referred only to themselves. Some notable minimalist artists mentioned include Sol LeWitt, Donald Judd, Frank Stella, and Carl Andre. LeWitt's modular cubes and Stella's bright geometric paintings exemplified the movement. Minimalism emphasized neutrality and influenced later modern architecture through figures like Mies van der Rohe. Some Filipino artists also explored minimalism, like Constancio Bernardo's abstract meditative works.
Postmodernism
Postmodernism began as a reaction against modernism in art in the 20th century. It questioned master narratives and ideas of single meanings, instead seeing the viewer as helping determine a work's meaning. It included styles like conceptual art, minimalism, video art, performance art, and installation art. Key artists mentioned include Justin Michael Jenkins, Max Book, and Aydin Aghdashloo. Important works discussed are Roy Lichtenstein's Whaam!, Damien Hirst's Away from the Flock, and Jeff Koons' New Hoover Convertibles. Postmodernism has had influence beyond art and tried to replace ideas of the future with an eternal present.
Abstract Expressionism
Abstract Expressionism was a post-World War II art movement developed by American painters in New York in the 1940s-1950s. It emphasized spontaneous, emotional expression and the unconscious through gestural brushstrokes and pouring paint onto large canvases. Leading artists included Jackson Pollock, Willem de Kooning, Mark Rothko, and Barnett Newman. Their works, such as Pollock's No. 5, 1948 and de Kooning's Woman II, had a significant impact and established New York as the new center of modern art. Filipino artists like Jose Joya and Frederick Agustin also participated in the abstract expressionist movement.
Art Deco
The document provides information about Art Deco, including its origins in the 1920s Paris Exposition, key characteristics like simple clean shapes and geometric ornamentation, and examples of iconic Art Deco architecture like the Empire State Building. It also profiles some influential Art Deco artists such as Erté, Tamara de Lempicka, and Emile-Jacques Ruhlmann, and discusses materials and designs commonly used in Art Deco furnishings. Later in the document, it outlines the decline of Art Deco during WWII and its legacy as a source of inspiration for modern design styles.
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Ancient Non-Western Art - Oceania and India
Oceanic art comprises works created by native peoples across Oceania, including Hawaii and Easter Island. Two groups settled the region at different times - Australo-Melanesians 40,000-60,000 years ago, and Austronesians 30,000 years ago. The Lapita culture emerged around 1500 BC and dispersed across more remote Oceanic islands by 1000 BC. Artistic traditions vary across Oceania and include tattooing, petroglyphs, wood carvings, masks, and monumental stone figures like Easter Island's moai.
Mesopotamian Architecture
Mesopotamian architecture was characterized by massive monumental structures like ziggurats and palaces. Ziggurats were large stepped towers built out of mudbricks that served both practical and religious purposes. They dominated cities and symbolized the rule of gods. Some notable ziggurats included those at Uruk, Borsippa, and Ur. Palaces were also grand architectural feats, such as Sargon's palace at Dur-Sharrukin in Assyria and the structures built by Persian kings at Pasargadae and Persepolis, including the Apadana palace and Hall of 100 Columns.
Social realism
Social Realism was an art movement from 1929 to the late 1950s that depicted realistic representations of the working class and poor during times of economic hardship like the Great Depression. Artists aimed to bring awareness to social issues through paintings, photographs and other media showing the lives and conditions of everyday people. Some notable artists included Grant Wood, Edward Hopper, Diego Rivera, and Charles White. The movement influenced later generations of artists and continued addressing themes of social and political issues.
Minimalism
Minimalism started in the 1960s in New York and aimed to remove elements of self-expression from art. Minimalist artists used industrial materials and focused on simple geometric forms and colors to create artworks that referred only to themselves. Some notable minimalist artists mentioned include Sol LeWitt, Donald Judd, Frank Stella, and Carl Andre. LeWitt's modular cubes and Stella's bright geometric paintings exemplified the movement. Minimalism emphasized neutrality and influenced later modern architecture through figures like Mies van der Rohe. Some Filipino artists also explored minimalism, like Constancio Bernardo's abstract meditative works.
Postmodernism
Postmodernism began as a reaction against modernism in art in the 20th century. It questioned master narratives and ideas of single meanings, instead seeing the viewer as helping determine a work's meaning. It included styles like conceptual art, minimalism, video art, performance art, and installation art. Key artists mentioned include Justin Michael Jenkins, Max Book, and Aydin Aghdashloo. Important works discussed are Roy Lichtenstein's Whaam!, Damien Hirst's Away from the Flock, and Jeff Koons' New Hoover Convertibles. Postmodernism has had influence beyond art and tried to replace ideas of the future with an eternal present.
Abstract Expressionism
Abstract Expressionism was a post-World War II art movement developed by American painters in New York in the 1940s-1950s. It emphasized spontaneous, emotional expression and the unconscious through gestural brushstrokes and pouring paint onto large canvases. Leading artists included Jackson Pollock, Willem de Kooning, Mark Rothko, and Barnett Newman. Their works, such as Pollock's No. 5, 1948 and de Kooning's Woman II, had a significant impact and established New York as the new center of modern art. Filipino artists like Jose Joya and Frederick Agustin also participated in the abstract expressionist movement.
Art Deco
The document provides information about Art Deco, including its origins in the 1920s Paris Exposition, key characteristics like simple clean shapes and geometric ornamentation, and examples of iconic Art Deco architecture like the Empire State Building. It also profiles some influential Art Deco artists such as Erté, Tamara de Lempicka, and Emile-Jacques Ruhlmann, and discusses materials and designs commonly used in Art Deco furnishings. Later in the document, it outlines the decline of Art Deco during WWII and its legacy as a source of inspiration for modern design styles.
Surrealism
Surrealism was an artistic movement that began in the early 1920s. It aimed to release the creative potential of the unconscious mind and rejected logic and reason. Artists used techniques like automatic writing to create strange and illogical combinations of images. Leading surrealist artists included Salvador Dali, Joan Miro, and Rene Magritte. They created works like Dali's The Persistence of Memory that combined everyday objects in dreamlike scenes. Surrealism has had a worldwide influence and spread quickly, influencing later artistic movements like abstract expressionism.
Futurism
Futurism was an early 20th century avant-garde art movement founded by Filippo Tommaso Marinetti in 1909. It celebrated speed, technology, youth, violence and modern objects while rejecting traditional forms of culture. Key Futurist artists included Umberto Boccioni, Giacomo Balla, and Natalia Goncharova, whose works used techniques like divisionism and cubism to depict motion and modern life. While initially an Italian movement, Futurism later influenced other art forms and 20th century art movements globally.
Dadaism
Dadaism originated in Zürich, Switzerland as an art movement that represented frustration with nationalism and conformity after World War 1. It used diverse art forms like sculpture, painting and poetry to promote anti-authoritarian and anti-art ideals. Notable Dadaist artists included Marcel Duchamp, Max Ernst, and Kurt Schwitters. While controversial, Dadaism had a significant influence on later art movements and styles like Surrealism, Pop Art, and Conceptual art.
Pop art
Pop art emerged in the 1950s in America and Britain, drawing inspiration from popular and commercial culture. It featured imagery from everyday life and objects rather than traditional artistic themes. Leading pop artists included Andy Warhol, Roy Lichtenstein, James Rosenquist, and Claes Oldenburg, known for works depicting celebrities, comics, advertisements, and consumer goods. While critically acclaimed, pop art was also accused of lacking originality. It brought popular culture and advertising into the realm of fine art and influenced later generations of artists.
Constructivism
Constructivism originated in Russia in the 1920s as an art movement that combined mechanical objects into abstract structural forms and influenced architecture and design. It rejected art for art's sake and instead promoted social ideas and practices. Key figures included Tatlin, considered the founder, and Rodchenko, Popova, and Gabo, who pioneered Constructivist sculpture, painting, photography and more. The movement emphasized dynamic human experience and possibilities over static forms but was limited by its association with Communism. It influenced modern design and architecture through its use of industrial materials and bold shapes.
De Stijl
The document provides an overview of De Stijl, a Dutch artistic movement founded in 1917 that advocated pure abstraction and simplicity using only primary colors, black, white, and straight horizontal and vertical lines. Key figures included Piet Mondrian, Theo van Doesburg, and Gerrit Rietveld. The movement sought to remake society after WWI through a utopian vision of universal order in art. It emphasized form, construction and function, influencing later International Style architecture of the 1920s-30s. Mondrian's later works like Broadway Boogie-Woogie showed the influence of New York on his more energetic rhythmic style.
Fauvism
Fauvism was a style of French painting from 1898 to 1906 characterized by vivid, raw colors applied in broad flat areas. Led by artists like Matisse, Derain, and Vlaminck, Fauvism emphasized spontaneity and expressiveness over realism. It was influenced by Post-Impressionism and a teacher, Gustave Moreau, and in turn influenced later movements like Expressionism and abstract art. While short-lived, Fauvism marked an experimental shift away from academic color theory towards emotion-driven use of color.
Post impressionism
Post-Impressionism emerged in the late 1880s as younger artists rejected Impressionism's emphasis on light and color over subject matter. The term was coined by art critic Roger Fry in 1910 to describe diverse styles including Pointillism, Cloisonnism, Synthetism and others. Key figures included Paul Cezanne, Vincent van Gogh, Paul Gauguin and Georges Seurat, who concentrated on subjective expression over optical effects. Their works laid the foundation for later avant-garde styles like Cubism and Expressionism. Japanese woodblock prints also strongly influenced these artists through their asymmetrical designs, flat forms and emphasis on nature.
Feminism and Art
The feminist art movement began in the 1960s as women artists sought to define and express their experiences, which had long been ignored or trivialized in the male-dominated art world. Key events and groups in the 1970s helped promote feminist art and address the lack of opportunities for women artists. While feminist art brought greater recognition to women's experiences and perspectives, it also faced criticism for issues like an essentialist view of women's experiences. The movement significantly influenced later generations by questioning artistic norms and canonical views of art history.
Alienation Effect
The V-effekt, or alienation effect, was a dramatic theory developed by German playwright Bertolt Brecht that used techniques to distance the audience from emotional involvement in a play. This was meant to make the audience think critically rather than experience catharsis. Examples included explanatory captions, actors breaking character, and unusual stage designs that exposed the theatrical elements. Brecht's goal was for viewers to see the "real world" reflected on stage and question the production's relationship to real-life events and history. He opposed dramatic forms that elicited emotion over analysis.
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This document provides a history of komiks in the Philippines. It discusses early beginnings in the 1920s with satirical magazines. Formal komiks started in 1929 with Kenkoy. Tony Velasquez is considered the father of Philippine komiks. Popular komiks creators from the 1950s-1970s included Mars Ravelo who created Lastikman and Captain Barbell. Bomba komiks peaked in popularity in the late 1960s. Realist komiks dealt with contemporary issues while romantic komiks featured handsome male characters. The komiks industry declined due to monopolization and creators found work elsewhere. Komiks have left a legacy but more can be done to continue that legacy.
Postmodern art
This document provides an overview of postmodernism across various artistic disciplines from the 1960s onward. It summarizes some of the key characteristics and qualities of postmodernist works, including extreme self-reflexivity, the breakdown of boundaries between high and low cultural forms, a questioning of grand narratives, and a focus on visuality, simulacra, and temporal experimentation. Various postmodern artists and artworks are referenced as examples that demonstrate these postmodern concepts and traits.
Medieval Aesthetics
The document discusses medieval aesthetics and key philosophers, including Augustine, Aquinas, and Dante. It provides background on their views of beauty, including that beauty emanates from God for Augustine and involves properties like proportion and harmony for Aquinas. It also discusses how Dante's Divine Comedy was influenced by Aquinas' philosophy and used allegory to reveal the true essence of individuals.
Art Nouveau
The document summarizes Art Nouveau, an avant-garde art movement that originated in Belgium in the late 19th century and spread throughout Europe. Some key points:
- It rejected academic traditions in favor of nature-inspired designs with flowing, organic forms. Materials like metal and glass were often combined.
- Major figures included Victor Horta, Hector Guimard, Alphonse Mucha, Emile Gallé, and René Lalique, who worked in architecture, graphics, furniture, glassware, and other mediums.
- Art Nouveau emphasized sensuality and femininity through themes of nature, curved lines, and themes of life seen in works featuring plants, dragons, and mer
Expressionsism
Expressionism was an early 20th century art movement characterized by subjective expression over objective reality. Two major German groups were Die Brücke and Der Blaue Reiter. Die Brücke, formed in Dresden in 1905, sought to reject academic styles through emotional use of color and distortion. Key members included Kirchner, Heckel, and Schmidt-Rottluff. Der Blaue Reiter, led by Kandinsky and Franz Marc from 1911-1914, was more focused on abstraction and the spiritual expression of color. Both groups made significant contributions to the development of modern abstract art before being disrupted by World War I.
Impressionism
The document discusses the influence of Japanese art, known as Japonisme, on Western art in the late 19th century. It began when trade opened with Japan in 1854, exposing Western artists to woodblock prints, which were popularized in Paris exhibitions and shops in the 1860s. Artists admired the prints' flatness, asymmetry, and emphasis on nature over symmetry. Many Impressionist and Post-Impressionist artists, such as Manet, Degas, Van Gogh, and Gauguin, were influenced by these styles and incorporated elements of them into their own works.
Pre- Raphaelites
The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood was a group of English painters and poets founded in 1848 who aimed to reject dramatic and stylized academic painting styles of the time. They sought to emulate the art of pre-Renaissance painters through accurate depictions of nature, medieval culture and religious subjects. Key characteristics included bright colors, intricate detail, sincerity and moral messages. The founders' goal was to transmit messages of artistic renewal and moral reform through works emphasizing personal responsibility over dogma.
Realism
The document summarizes Realism, the first major art movement of the modern period from 1848-late 1800s. It rejected Romanticism in favor of depicting ordinary people and contemporary life realistically and accurately, including the unpleasant aspects, through techniques like close observation of modern subjects. Major Realist artists included Courbet, who declared Realism through his independent exhibitions, and Manet, whose Realist works shocked audiences by depicting modern life and ordinary people. Realism developed alongside trends in photography, which allowed for realistic depictions, and literary Naturalism.
Romanticism
Romanticism was an artistic and intellectual movement that originated in the late 18th century. It emphasized emotion, individualism, freedom of imagination and the exploration of the supernatural. Major themes in Romantic art and literature included a love of nature, fascination with death, and nostalgia for the past. The movement emerged in reaction to Enlightenment rationalism and neoclassicism, placing greater importance on emotion and intuition over reason. Romanticism influenced art, music, literature and political thought and had its peak in Europe from 1800 to 1840.
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Surrealism
Surrealism was an artistic movement that began in the early 1920s. It aimed to release the creative potential of the unconscious mind and rejected logic and reason. Artists used techniques like automatic writing to create strange and illogical combinations of images. Leading surrealist artists included Salvador Dali, Joan Miro, and Rene Magritte. They created works like Dali's The Persistence of Memory that combined everyday objects in dreamlike scenes. Surrealism has had a worldwide influence and spread quickly, influencing later artistic movements like abstract expressionism.
Futurism
Futurism was an early 20th century avant-garde art movement founded by Filippo Tommaso Marinetti in 1909. It celebrated speed, technology, youth, violence and modern objects while rejecting traditional forms of culture. Key Futurist artists included Umberto Boccioni, Giacomo Balla, and Natalia Goncharova, whose works used techniques like divisionism and cubism to depict motion and modern life. While initially an Italian movement, Futurism later influenced other art forms and 20th century art movements globally.
Dadaism
Dadaism originated in Zürich, Switzerland as an art movement that represented frustration with nationalism and conformity after World War 1. It used diverse art forms like sculpture, painting and poetry to promote anti-authoritarian and anti-art ideals. Notable Dadaist artists included Marcel Duchamp, Max Ernst, and Kurt Schwitters. While controversial, Dadaism had a significant influence on later art movements and styles like Surrealism, Pop Art, and Conceptual art.
Pop art
Pop art emerged in the 1950s in America and Britain, drawing inspiration from popular and commercial culture. It featured imagery from everyday life and objects rather than traditional artistic themes. Leading pop artists included Andy Warhol, Roy Lichtenstein, James Rosenquist, and Claes Oldenburg, known for works depicting celebrities, comics, advertisements, and consumer goods. While critically acclaimed, pop art was also accused of lacking originality. It brought popular culture and advertising into the realm of fine art and influenced later generations of artists.
Constructivism
Constructivism originated in Russia in the 1920s as an art movement that combined mechanical objects into abstract structural forms and influenced architecture and design. It rejected art for art's sake and instead promoted social ideas and practices. Key figures included Tatlin, considered the founder, and Rodchenko, Popova, and Gabo, who pioneered Constructivist sculpture, painting, photography and more. The movement emphasized dynamic human experience and possibilities over static forms but was limited by its association with Communism. It influenced modern design and architecture through its use of industrial materials and bold shapes.
De Stijl
The document provides an overview of De Stijl, a Dutch artistic movement founded in 1917 that advocated pure abstraction and simplicity using only primary colors, black, white, and straight horizontal and vertical lines. Key figures included Piet Mondrian, Theo van Doesburg, and Gerrit Rietveld. The movement sought to remake society after WWI through a utopian vision of universal order in art. It emphasized form, construction and function, influencing later International Style architecture of the 1920s-30s. Mondrian's later works like Broadway Boogie-Woogie showed the influence of New York on his more energetic rhythmic style.
Fauvism
Fauvism was a style of French painting from 1898 to 1906 characterized by vivid, raw colors applied in broad flat areas. Led by artists like Matisse, Derain, and Vlaminck, Fauvism emphasized spontaneity and expressiveness over realism. It was influenced by Post-Impressionism and a teacher, Gustave Moreau, and in turn influenced later movements like Expressionism and abstract art. While short-lived, Fauvism marked an experimental shift away from academic color theory towards emotion-driven use of color.
Post impressionism
Post-Impressionism emerged in the late 1880s as younger artists rejected Impressionism's emphasis on light and color over subject matter. The term was coined by art critic Roger Fry in 1910 to describe diverse styles including Pointillism, Cloisonnism, Synthetism and others. Key figures included Paul Cezanne, Vincent van Gogh, Paul Gauguin and Georges Seurat, who concentrated on subjective expression over optical effects. Their works laid the foundation for later avant-garde styles like Cubism and Expressionism. Japanese woodblock prints also strongly influenced these artists through their asymmetrical designs, flat forms and emphasis on nature.
Feminism and Art
The feminist art movement began in the 1960s as women artists sought to define and express their experiences, which had long been ignored or trivialized in the male-dominated art world. Key events and groups in the 1970s helped promote feminist art and address the lack of opportunities for women artists. While feminist art brought greater recognition to women's experiences and perspectives, it also faced criticism for issues like an essentialist view of women's experiences. The movement significantly influenced later generations by questioning artistic norms and canonical views of art history.
Alienation Effect
The V-effekt, or alienation effect, was a dramatic theory developed by German playwright Bertolt Brecht that used techniques to distance the audience from emotional involvement in a play. This was meant to make the audience think critically rather than experience catharsis. Examples included explanatory captions, actors breaking character, and unusual stage designs that exposed the theatrical elements. Brecht's goal was for viewers to see the "real world" reflected on stage and question the production's relationship to real-life events and history. He opposed dramatic forms that elicited emotion over analysis.
Philippine Komiks
This document provides a history of komiks in the Philippines. It discusses early beginnings in the 1920s with satirical magazines. Formal komiks started in 1929 with Kenkoy. Tony Velasquez is considered the father of Philippine komiks. Popular komiks creators from the 1950s-1970s included Mars Ravelo who created Lastikman and Captain Barbell. Bomba komiks peaked in popularity in the late 1960s. Realist komiks dealt with contemporary issues while romantic komiks featured handsome male characters. The komiks industry declined due to monopolization and creators found work elsewhere. Komiks have left a legacy but more can be done to continue that legacy.
Postmodern art
This document provides an overview of postmodernism across various artistic disciplines from the 1960s onward. It summarizes some of the key characteristics and qualities of postmodernist works, including extreme self-reflexivity, the breakdown of boundaries between high and low cultural forms, a questioning of grand narratives, and a focus on visuality, simulacra, and temporal experimentation. Various postmodern artists and artworks are referenced as examples that demonstrate these postmodern concepts and traits.
Medieval Aesthetics
The document discusses medieval aesthetics and key philosophers, including Augustine, Aquinas, and Dante. It provides background on their views of beauty, including that beauty emanates from God for Augustine and involves properties like proportion and harmony for Aquinas. It also discusses how Dante's Divine Comedy was influenced by Aquinas' philosophy and used allegory to reveal the true essence of individuals.
Art Nouveau
The document summarizes Art Nouveau, an avant-garde art movement that originated in Belgium in the late 19th century and spread throughout Europe. Some key points:
- It rejected academic traditions in favor of nature-inspired designs with flowing, organic forms. Materials like metal and glass were often combined.
- Major figures included Victor Horta, Hector Guimard, Alphonse Mucha, Emile Gallé, and René Lalique, who worked in architecture, graphics, furniture, glassware, and other mediums.
- Art Nouveau emphasized sensuality and femininity through themes of nature, curved lines, and themes of life seen in works featuring plants, dragons, and mer
Expressionsism
Expressionism was an early 20th century art movement characterized by subjective expression over objective reality. Two major German groups were Die Brücke and Der Blaue Reiter. Die Brücke, formed in Dresden in 1905, sought to reject academic styles through emotional use of color and distortion. Key members included Kirchner, Heckel, and Schmidt-Rottluff. Der Blaue Reiter, led by Kandinsky and Franz Marc from 1911-1914, was more focused on abstraction and the spiritual expression of color. Both groups made significant contributions to the development of modern abstract art before being disrupted by World War I.
Impressionism
The document discusses the influence of Japanese art, known as Japonisme, on Western art in the late 19th century. It began when trade opened with Japan in 1854, exposing Western artists to woodblock prints, which were popularized in Paris exhibitions and shops in the 1860s. Artists admired the prints' flatness, asymmetry, and emphasis on nature over symmetry. Many Impressionist and Post-Impressionist artists, such as Manet, Degas, Van Gogh, and Gauguin, were influenced by these styles and incorporated elements of them into their own works.
Pre- Raphaelites
The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood was a group of English painters and poets founded in 1848 who aimed to reject dramatic and stylized academic painting styles of the time. They sought to emulate the art of pre-Renaissance painters through accurate depictions of nature, medieval culture and religious subjects. Key characteristics included bright colors, intricate detail, sincerity and moral messages. The founders' goal was to transmit messages of artistic renewal and moral reform through works emphasizing personal responsibility over dogma.
Realism
The document summarizes Realism, the first major art movement of the modern period from 1848-late 1800s. It rejected Romanticism in favor of depicting ordinary people and contemporary life realistically and accurately, including the unpleasant aspects, through techniques like close observation of modern subjects. Major Realist artists included Courbet, who declared Realism through his independent exhibitions, and Manet, whose Realist works shocked audiences by depicting modern life and ordinary people. Realism developed alongside trends in photography, which allowed for realistic depictions, and literary Naturalism.
Romanticism
Romanticism was an artistic and intellectual movement that originated in the late 18th century. It emphasized emotion, individualism, freedom of imagination and the exploration of the supernatural. Major themes in Romantic art and literature included a love of nature, fascination with death, and nostalgia for the past. The movement emerged in reaction to Enlightenment rationalism and neoclassicism, placing greater importance on emotion and intuition over reason. Romanticism influenced art, music, literature and political thought and had its peak in Europe from 1800 to 1840.
The Art of Valuation (Teaching Art Appraisal)
This document provides information on art appraisals, including what an art appraisal is, factors that affect the value of artwork, common appraisal methods, and recommendations for art valuation in the Philippines. An art appraisal is a formal estimate of the value of a work of art by a qualified professional appraiser. Key factors that influence an artwork's value include the artist, condition, provenance, comparables, and demand. Common appraisal methods include examining the piece, researching comparable sales, and considering connoisseurship opinions. The document recommends that the Philippines develop art appraisal education programs and standards to professionalize the industry.
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哪里办理(sjsu毕业证书)美国圣何塞州立大学毕业证硕士文凭证书原版一模一样
原版定制【微信:bwp0011】《(sjsu毕业证书)美国圣何塞州立大学毕业证硕士文凭证书》【微信:bwp0011】成绩单 、雅思、外壳、留信学历认证永久存档查询，采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信bwp0011】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信bwp0011】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）】
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
A Brief Introduction About Hanying Chen_
Vancouver-based artist Hanying Chen boasts extensive skills in writing, directing, producing, and singing, reflecting her diverse talents in the performing arts. As she looks ahead, Hanying is driven to craft a fulfilling career path that harmonizes with her deep passion for artistic expression. In the coming years, she envisions cultivating a balanced life, blending her professional aspirations with her desire to foster meaningful connections in her vibrant urban community.
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哪里购买(ucr毕业证书)美国加州大学河滨分校毕业证研究生文凭证书原版一模一样
原版定制【微信:bwp0011】《(ucr毕业证书)美国加州大学河滨分校毕业证研究生文凭证书》【微信:bwp0011】成绩单 、雅思、外壳、留信学历认证永久存档查询，采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信bwp0011】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信bwp0011】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）】
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
ARNAUVALERY RECORD STORE SCAVENGER HUNT.
This is my presentation for the Record Store Scavenger Hunt.
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Matka Guessing Satta Matta Matka Kalyan Chart Indian Matka Dpboss
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Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matta Matka Kalyan Chart Indian Matka
Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matta Matka Kalyan Chart Indian Matka
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❼❷⓿❺❻❷❽❷❼❽ Dpboss Kalyan Satta Matka Guessing Matka Result Main Bazar chart
❼❷⓿❺❻❷❽❷❼❽ Dpboss Matka ! Fix Satta Matka ! Matka Result ! Matka Guessing ! ...
❼❷⓿❺❻❷❽❷❼❽ Dpboss Matka ! Fix Satta Matka ! Matka Result ! Matka Guessing ! ...
➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐ Satta Matka Dpboss Matka Guessing Indian Matka
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Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matta Matka Kalyan Chart Indian Matka
Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matta Matka Kalyan Chart Indian Matka
Elements and Principles of Art and Design
- 1. ELEMENTS AND PRINCIPLES OF ART & DESIGN By Gari R. Apolonio DF, SDA, CSB
- 4. SYMMETRICAL
- 10. ASYMMETRICAL
- 14. RADIAL BALANCE
- 18. CONTRAST
- 19. SIZE
- 21. VALUE CONTRAST
- 22. EMPHASIS
- 23. LOCATION
- 24. VALUE CONTRAST
- 25. COLOR
- 26. SPACE
- 27. GROUPING
- 29. MOTION LINES
- 32. MULTIPLE IMAGES
- 33. TRANSPARENCY
- 34. BLURRED OUTLINES
- 35. FORCE OF LINES
- 36. OPTICAL MOVEMENT
- 37. OPTICAL ILLUSION
- 38. UNITY
- 43. CONCEPTUAL UNITY
- 44. GESTALT UNITY
- 45. MATERIALS
- 47. REPETITION
- 48. REGULAR RHYTHM
- 50. RANDOM PATTERN
- 52. FLOWING PATTERN
- 53. END THANK YOU!