I've adapted this from an original presentation that wasn't mine; adding a few more slides. Serves as an excellent introduction to Art History and its methodology.
I've adapted this from an original presentation that wasn't mine; adding a few more slides. Serves as an excellent introduction to Art History and its methodology.
Look at the works of modern and contemporary artists and their works. Analyze works using the elements of art and Edmund Feldman's methods. Learn how to look.
HUMAN100: Introduction to Humanities --- The Visual Arts: Painting. This Includes the ff:
1. History of Painting
2. Styles/ Art Movements in Painting
3. Famous Painters (Renaissance to Modern Art)
Look at the works of modern and contemporary artists and their works. Analyze works using the elements of art and Edmund Feldman's methods. Learn how to look.
HUMAN100: Introduction to Humanities --- The Visual Arts: Painting. This Includes the ff:
1. History of Painting
2. Styles/ Art Movements in Painting
3. Famous Painters (Renaissance to Modern Art)
Panchayat Season 3 - Official Trailer.pdfSuleman Rana
The dearest series "Panchayat" is set to make a victorious return with its third season, and the fervor is discernible. The authority trailer, delivered on May 28, guarantees one more enamoring venture through the country heartland of India.
Jitendra Kumar keeps on sparkling as Abhishek Tripathi, the city-reared engineer who ends up functioning as the secretary of the Panchayat office in the curious town of Phulera. His nuanced depiction of a young fellow exploring the difficulties of country life while endeavoring to adjust to his new environmental factors has earned far and wide recognition.
Neena Gupta and Raghubir Yadav return as Manju Devi and Brij Bhushan Dubey, separately. Their dynamic science and immaculate acting rejuvenate the hardships of town administration. Gupta's depiction of the town Pradhan with an ever-evolving outlook, matched with Yadav's carefully prepared exhibition, adds profundity and credibility to the story.
New Difficulties and Experiences
The trailer indicates new difficulties anticipating the characters, as Abhishek keeps on wrestling with his part in the town and his yearnings for a superior future. The series has reliably offset humor with social editorial, and Season 3 looks ready to dig much more profound into the intricacies of rustic organization and self-awareness.
Watchers can hope to see a greater amount of the enchanting and particular residents who have become fan top picks. Their connections and the one of a kind cut of-life situations give a reviving and interesting portrayal of provincial India, featuring the two its appeal and its difficulties.
A Mix of Humor and Heart
One of the signs of "Panchayat" is its capacity to mix humor with sincere narrating. The trailer features minutes that guarantee to convey giggles, as well as scenes that pull at the heartstrings. This equilibrium has been a critical calculate the show's prosperity, resounding with crowds across different socioeconomics.
Creation Greatness
The creation quality remaining parts first rate, with the beautiful setting of Phulera town filling in as a scenery that upgrades the narrating. The meticulousness in portraying provincial life, joined with sharp composition and solid exhibitions, guarantees that "Panchayat" keeps on hanging out in the packed web series scene.
Expectation and Delivery
As the delivery date draws near, expectation for "Panchayat" Season 3 is at a record-breaking high. The authority trailer has previously created critical buzz, with fans enthusiastically anticipating the continuation of Abhishek Tripathi's excursion and the new undertakings that lie ahead in Phulera.
All in all, the authority trailer for "Panchayat" Season 3 recommends that watchers are in for another drawing in and engaging ride. Yet again with its charming characters, convincing story, and ideal mix of humor and show, the new season is set to enamor crowds. Write in your schedules and prepare to get back to the endearing universe of "Panchayat."
Young Tom Selleck: A Journey Through His Early Years and Rise to Stardomgreendigital
Introduction
When one thinks of Hollywood legends, Tom Selleck is a name that comes to mind. Known for his charming smile, rugged good looks. and the iconic mustache that has become synonymous with his persona. Tom Selleck has had a prolific career spanning decades. But, the journey of young Tom Selleck, from his early years to becoming a household name. is a story filled with determination, talent, and a touch of luck. This article delves into young Tom Selleck's life, background, early struggles. and pivotal moments that led to his rise in Hollywood.
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Early Life and Background
Family Roots and Childhood
Thomas William Selleck was born in Detroit, Michigan, on January 29, 1945. He was the second of four children in a close-knit family. His father, Robert Dean Selleck, was a real estate investor and executive. while his mother, Martha Selleck, was a homemaker. The Selleck family relocated to Sherman Oaks, California. when Tom was a child, setting the stage for his future in the entertainment industry.
Education and Early Interests
Growing up, young Tom Selleck was an active and athletic child. He attended Grant High School in Van Nuys, California. where he excelled in sports, particularly basketball. His tall and athletic build made him a standout player, and he earned a basketball scholarship to the University of Southern California (U.S.C.). While at U.S.C., Selleck studied business administration. but his interests shifted toward acting.
Discovery of Acting Passion
Tom Selleck's journey into acting was serendipitous. During his time at U.S.C., a drama coach encouraged him to try acting. This nudge led him to join the Hills Playhouse, where he began honing his craft. Transitioning from an aspiring athlete to an actor took time. but young Tom Selleck became drawn to the performance world.
Early Career Struggles
Breaking Into the Industry
The path to stardom was a challenging one for young Tom Selleck. Like many aspiring actors, he faced many rejections and struggled to find steady work. A series of minor roles and guest appearances on television shows marked his early career. In 1965, he debuted on the syndicated show "The Dating Game." which gave him some exposure but did not lead to immediate success.
The Commercial Breakthrough
During the late 1960s and early 1970s, Selleck began appearing in television commercials. His rugged good looks and charismatic presence made him a popular brand choice. He starred in advertisements for Pepsi-Cola, Revlon, and Close-Up toothpaste. These commercials provided financial stability and helped him gain visibility in the industry.
Struggling Actor in Hollywood
Despite his success in commercials. breaking into large acting roles remained a challenge for young Tom Selleck. He auditioned and took on small parts in T.V. shows and movies. Some of his early television appearances included roles in popular series like Lancer, The F.B.I., and Bracken's World. But, it would take a
In the vast landscape of cinema, stories have been told, retold, and reimagined in countless ways. At the heart of this narrative evolution lies the concept of a "remake". A successful remake allows us to revisit cherished tales through a fresh lens, often reflecting a different era's perspective or harnessing the power of advanced technology. Yet, the question remains, what makes a remake successful? Today, we will delve deeper into this subject, identifying the key ingredients that contribute to the success of a remake.
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From Slave to Scourge: The Existential Choice of Django Unchained. The Philos...Rodney Thomas Jr
#SSAPhilosophy #DjangoUnchained #DjangoFreeman #ExistentialPhilosophy #Freedom #Identity #Justice #Courage #Rebellion #Transformation
Welcome to SSA Philosophy, your ultimate destination for diving deep into the profound philosophies of iconic characters from video games, movies, and TV shows. In this episode, we explore the powerful journey and existential philosophy of Django Freeman from Quentin Tarantino’s masterful film, "Django Unchained," in our video titled, "From Slave to Scourge: The Existential Choice of Django Unchained. The Philosophy of Django Freeman!"
From Slave to Scourge: The Existential Choice of Django Unchained – The Philosophy of Django Freeman!
Join me as we delve into the existential philosophy of Django Freeman, uncovering the profound lessons and timeless wisdom his character offers. Through his story, we find inspiration in the power of choice, the quest for justice, and the courage to defy oppression. Django Freeman’s philosophy is a testament to the human spirit’s unyielding drive for freedom and justice.
Don’t forget to like, comment, and subscribe to SSA Philosophy for more in-depth explorations of the philosophies behind your favorite characters. Hit the notification bell to stay updated on our latest videos. Let’s discover the principles that shape these icons and the profound lessons they offer.
Django Freeman’s story is one of the most compelling narratives of transformation and empowerment in cinema. A former slave turned relentless bounty hunter, Django’s journey is not just a physical liberation but an existential quest for identity, justice, and retribution. This video delves into the core philosophical elements that define Django’s character and the profound choices he makes throughout his journey.
Link to video: https://youtu.be/GszqrXk38qk
Meet Crazyjamjam - A TikTok Sensation | Blog EternalBlog Eternal
Crazyjamjam, the TikTok star everyone's talking about! Uncover her secrets to success, viral trends, and more in this exclusive feature on Blog Eternal.
Source: https://blogeternal.com/celebrity/crazyjamjam-leaks/
Skeem Saam in June 2024 available on ForumIsaac More
Monday, June 3, 2024 - Episode 241: Sergeant Rathebe nabs a top scammer in Turfloop. Meikie is furious at her uncle's reaction to the truth about Ntswaki.
Tuesday, June 4, 2024 - Episode 242: Babeile uncovers the truth behind Rathebe’s latest actions. Leeto's announcement shocks his employees, and Ntswaki’s ordeal haunts her family.
Wednesday, June 5, 2024 - Episode 243: Rathebe blocks Babeile from investigating further. Melita warns Eunice to stay clear of Mr. Kgomo.
Thursday, June 6, 2024 - Episode 244: Tbose surrenders to the police while an intruder meddles in his affairs. Rathebe's secret mission faces a setback.
Friday, June 7, 2024 - Episode 245: Rathebe’s antics reach Kganyago. Tbose dodges a bullet, but a nightmare looms. Mr. Kgomo accuses Melita of witchcraft.
Monday, June 10, 2024 - Episode 246: Ntswaki struggles on her first day back at school. Babeile is stunned by Rathebe’s romance with Bullet Mabuza.
Tuesday, June 11, 2024 - Episode 247: An unexpected turn halts Rathebe’s investigation. The press discovers Mr. Kgomo’s affair with a young employee.
Wednesday, June 12, 2024 - Episode 248: Rathebe chases a criminal, resorting to gunfire. Turf High is rife with tension and transfer threats.
Thursday, June 13, 2024 - Episode 249: Rathebe traps Kganyago. John warns Toby to stop harassing Ntswaki.
Friday, June 14, 2024 - Episode 250: Babeile is cleared to investigate Rathebe. Melita gains Mr. Kgomo’s trust, and Jacobeth devises a financial solution.
Monday, June 17, 2024 - Episode 251: Rathebe feels the pressure as Babeile closes in. Mr. Kgomo and Eunice clash. Jacobeth risks her safety in pursuit of Kganyago.
Tuesday, June 18, 2024 - Episode 252: Bullet Mabuza retaliates against Jacobeth. Pitsi inadvertently reveals his parents’ plans. Nkosi is shocked by Khwezi’s decision on LJ’s future.
Wednesday, June 19, 2024 - Episode 253: Jacobeth is ensnared in deceit. Evelyn is stressed over Toby’s case, and Letetswe reveals shocking academic results.
Thursday, June 20, 2024 - Episode 254: Elizabeth learns Jacobeth is in Mpumalanga. Kganyago's past is exposed, and Lehasa discovers his son is in KZN.
Friday, June 21, 2024 - Episode 255: Elizabeth confirms Jacobeth’s dubious activities in Mpumalanga. Rathebe lies about her relationship with Bullet, and Jacobeth faces theft accusations.
Monday, June 24, 2024 - Episode 256: Rathebe spies on Kganyago. Lehasa plans to retrieve his son from KZN, fearing what awaits.
Tuesday, June 25, 2024 - Episode 257: MaNtuli fears for Kwaito’s safety in Mpumalanga. Mr. Kgomo and Melita reconcile.
Wednesday, June 26, 2024 - Episode 258: Kganyago makes a bold escape. Elizabeth receives a shocking message from Kwaito. Mrs. Khoza defends her husband against scam accusations.
Thursday, June 27, 2024 - Episode 259: Babeile's skillful arrest changes the game. Tbose and Kwaito face a hostage crisis.
Friday, June 28, 2024 - Episode 260: Two women face the reality of being scammed. Turf is rocked by breaking
Meet Dinah Mattingly – Larry Bird’s Partner in Life and Loveget joys
Get an intimate look at Dinah Mattingly’s life alongside NBA icon Larry Bird. From their humble beginnings to their life today, discover the love and partnership that have defined their relationship.
Create a Seamless Viewing Experience with Your Own Custom OTT Player.pdfGenny Knight
As the popularity of online streaming continues to rise, the significance of providing outstanding viewing experiences cannot be emphasized enough. Tailored OTT players present a robust solution for service providers aiming to enhance their offerings and engage audiences in a competitive market. Through embracing customization, companies can craft immersive, individualized experiences that effectively hold viewers' attention, entertain them, and encourage repeat usage.
As a film director, I have always been awestruck by the magic of animation. Animation, a medium once considered solely for the amusement of children, has undergone a significant transformation over the years. Its evolution from a rudimentary form of entertainment to a sophisticated form of storytelling has stirred my creativity and expanded my vision, offering limitless possibilities in the realm of cinematic storytelling.
Tom Selleck Net Worth: A Comprehensive Analysisgreendigital
Over several decades, Tom Selleck, a name synonymous with charisma. From his iconic role as Thomas Magnum in the television series "Magnum, P.I." to his enduring presence in "Blue Bloods," Selleck has captivated audiences with his versatility and charm. As a result, "Tom Selleck net worth" has become a topic of great interest among fans. and financial enthusiasts alike. This article delves deep into Tom Selleck's wealth, exploring his career, assets, endorsements. and business ventures that contribute to his impressive economic standing.
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Early Life and Career Beginnings
The Foundation of Tom Selleck's Wealth
Born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, Tom Selleck grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. His journey towards building a large net worth began with humble origins. , Selleck pursued a business administration degree at the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. But, his interest shifted towards acting. leading him to study at the Hills Playhouse under Milton Katselas.
Minor roles in television and films marked Selleck's early career. He appeared in commercials and took on small parts in T.V. series such as "The Dating Game" and "Lancer." These initial steps, although modest. laid the groundwork for his future success and the growth of Tom Selleck net worth. Breakthrough with "Magnum, P.I."
The Role that Defined Tom Selleck's Career
Tom Selleck's breakthrough came with the role of Thomas Magnum in the CBS television series "Magnum, P.I." (1980-1988). This role made him a household name and boosted his net worth. The series' popularity resulted in Selleck earning large salaries. leading to financial stability and increased recognition in Hollywood.
"Magnum P.I." garnered high ratings and critical acclaim during its run. Selleck's portrayal of the charming and resourceful private investigator resonated with audiences. making him one of the most beloved television actors of the 1980s. The success of "Magnum P.I." played a pivotal role in shaping Tom Selleck net worth, establishing him as a major star.
Film Career and Diversification
Expanding Tom Selleck's Financial Portfolio
While "Magnum, P.I." was a cornerstone of Selleck's career, he did not limit himself to television. He ventured into films, further enhancing Tom Selleck net worth. His filmography includes notable movies such as "Three Men and a Baby" (1987). which became the highest-grossing film of the year, and its sequel, "Three Men and a Little Lady" (1990). These box office successes contributed to his wealth.
Selleck's versatility allowed him to transition between genres. from comedies like "Mr. Baseball" (1992) to westerns such as "Quigley Down Under" (1990). This diversification showcased his acting range. and provided many income streams, reinforcing Tom Selleck net worth.
Television Resurgence with "Blue Bloods"
Sustaining Wealth through Consistent Success
In 2010, Tom Selleck began starring as Frank Reagan i
Scandal! Teasers June 2024 on etv Forum.co.zaIsaac More
Monday, 3 June 2024
Episode 47
A friend is compelled to expose a manipulative scheme to prevent another from making a grave mistake. In a frantic bid to save Jojo, Phakamile agrees to a meeting that unbeknownst to her, will seal her fate.
Tuesday, 4 June 2024
Episode 48
A mother, with her son's best interests at heart, finds him unready to heed her advice. Motshabi finds herself in an unmanageable situation, sinking fast like in quicksand.
Wednesday, 5 June 2024
Episode 49
A woman fabricates a diabolical lie to cover up an indiscretion. Overwhelmed by guilt, she makes a spontaneous confession that could be devastating to another heart.
Thursday, 6 June 2024
Episode 50
Linda unwittingly discloses damning information. Nhlamulo and Vuvu try to guide their friend towards the right decision.
Friday, 7 June 2024
Episode 51
Jojo's life continues to spiral out of control. Dintle weaves a web of lies to conceal that she is not as successful as everyone believes.
Monday, 10 June 2024
Episode 52
A heated confrontation between lovers leads to a devastating admission of guilt. Dintle's desperation takes a new turn, leaving her with dwindling options.
Tuesday, 11 June 2024
Episode 53
Unable to resort to violence, Taps issues a verbal threat, leaving Mdala unsettled. A sister must explain her life choices to regain her brother's trust.
Wednesday, 12 June 2024
Episode 54
Winnie makes a very troubling discovery. Taps follows through on his threat, leaving a woman reeling. Layla, oblivious to the truth, offers an incentive.
Thursday, 13 June 2024
Episode 55
A nosy relative arrives just in time to thwart a man's fatal decision. Dintle manipulates Khanyi to tug at Mo's heartstrings and get what she wants.
Friday, 14 June 2024
Episode 56
Tlhogi is shocked by Mdala's reaction following the revelation of their indiscretion. Jojo is in disbelief when the punishment for his crime is revealed.
Monday, 17 June 2024
Episode 57
A woman reprimands another to stay in her lane, leading to a damning revelation. A man decides to leave his broken life behind.
Tuesday, 18 June 2024
Episode 58
Nhlamulo learns that due to his actions, his worst fears have come true. Caiphus' extravagant promises to suppliers get him into trouble with Ndu.
Wednesday, 19 June 2024
Episode 59
A woman manages to kill two birds with one stone. Business doom looms over Chillax. A sobering incident makes a woman realize how far she's fallen.
Thursday, 20 June 2024
Episode 60
Taps' offer to help Nhlamulo comes with hidden motives. Caiphus' new ideas for Chillax have MaHilda excited. A blast from the past recognizes Dintle, not for her newfound fame.
Friday, 21 June 2024
Episode 61
Taps is hungry for revenge and finds a rope to hang Mdala with. Chillax's new job opportunity elicits mixed reactions from the public. Roommates' initial meeting starts off on the wrong foot.
Monday, 24 June 2024
Episode 62
Taps seizes new information and recruits someone on the inside. Mary's new job
From the Editor's Desk: 115th Father's day Celebration - When we see Father's day in Hindu context, Nanda Baba is the most vivid figure which comes to the mind. Nanda Baba who was the foster father of Lord Krishna is known to provide love, care and affection to Lord Krishna and Balarama along with his wife Yashoda; Letter’s to the Editor: Mother's Day - Mother is a precious life for their children. Mother is life breath for her children. Mother's lap is the world happiness whose debt can never be paid.
Maximizing Your Streaming Experience with XCIPTV- Tips for 2024.pdfXtreame HDTV
In today’s digital age, streaming services have become an integral part of our entertainment lives. Among the myriad of options available, XCIPTV stands out as a premier choice for those seeking seamless, high-quality streaming. This comprehensive guide will delve into the features, benefits, and user experience of XCIPTV, illustrating why it is a top contender in the IPTV industry.
240529_Teleprotection Global Market Report 2024.pdfMadhura TBRC
The teleprotection market size has grown
exponentially in recent years. It will grow from
$21.92 billion in 2023 to $28.11 billion in 2024 at a
compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 28.2%. The
teleprotection market size is expected to see
exponential growth in the next few years. It will grow
to $70.77 billion in 2028 at a compound annual
growth rate (CAGR) of 26.0%.
4. • Because of WWII, the global art capital shifted from Paris to New York City
First major avant-garde art style to be developed in the United States.
• Two main processes of Abstract Expressionism: gestural abstraction and chromatic
abstraction
• Pollock and De Kooning are generally considered gestural abstraction painters (action
painters)
• Newman and Rothko are recognized as chromatic abstraction painters (COLOR!)
Abstract Expressionism
5. Abstract Expressionism was the first
truly American style of painting
• GI bill created a newly educated
middle class (eager to buy art)
• Influence of Surrealism and para-
rational thought
• Rebellious individual celebrated (the
artist becomes the new rebel)
ACTION PAINTING
6. Existentialism: hero is aware of the absurdities of
life and realizes that all decisions are absurd and
purposeless ultimately (i.e. choosing what to wear)
• We live in a meaningless world; so, we
create meaning where it doesn’t exist
through our individual activities
• Think of Sisyphus
• We must derive meaning only from
ourselves
• Sartre: “existence comes before
essence…we must begin from the
subjective”
• we must define ourselves through
behavior and actions (existence creates
essence)
• feelings of anguish and despair, also
abandonment (no one can help me)
New York School: created works that questioned the human existence and the
presence of a divine, omnipotent power
7. JACKSON POLLOCK
Number 1, 1950 (Lavender Mist), 1950 , Oil, enamel, and aluminum paint on canvas, 7’ 3” x 9‘
8. • Created paintings by using a raw,
unprimed canvas on the floor; Pollock
would splash, fling, drip, pour, paint
and used paintbrushes sand, glass,
sticks, etc. to create art (stepped on the
canvas, cigarette butts, etc.)
• Gave him the feeling of being in
the painting, in “action”
• Many violations against tradition
• No hidden messages or
meaning/symbols
• Records of bodily movements and
gestures only
• Physical manifestation of feelings
deep in the subconscious (Jung)
• conscious, unconscious,
collective unconscious
nonrepresentational style; no special
recession
Gestural abstraction: the
expressive application of
paint leaving visible and
often chaotic brushstrokes
(also called Action
painting)
9. Willem de Kooning
Two Women
1954
pastel charcoal and pencil on paper
14 3/4 x 14 1/2 in.
DE KOONING
Dutch immigrant to the US
• Never became completely abstract,
figures appear in his work
Expressed inner thoughts and emotions
through visible brush and painter’s knife
strokes
• often reworked canvases (wiped off
paint to start over, painted over
another part, etc.)
• sometimes worked a canvas
through (made holes in it)
10. Willem de Kooning
Woman I
1950-52
oil on canvas
6 ft. 3 7/8 in x 58 in.
Series of colossal female figures
• Feminine features recognizable
• Think Woman of
Willendorf, i.e. what
makes a woman a
woman?
• Based on advertising
(overemphasis of feminine
features to appeal to men and
women alike)
Woman seated (reference to woman at
vanity mirror? Traditional portrait
painting?)
11. Willem de Kooning
Woman I (detail)
1950-52
oil on canvas
6 ft. 3 7/8 in x 58 in.
Grin (based on toothpaste and Camel
cigarette ads)
• appropriating mass media for use
in art: modernism
Abstraction of form and energetic
application of paint action painting
• Slashing movement of paint
creates a sense of violence
(violence against women? a
violation of woman?)
What’s the point of all this?
• References to traditional and contemporary images
• Interest in the vulgarity of women in pop culture
• Building on and advancing the conventions of the way the
female body is portrayed
13. Newman used color to express complex feelings about humanity and its relationship to the
universe
• Interest in the sublime
“Zips”: stripes that run vertically through the canvas’ height (background is usually one
color)
• Large monochromatic canvas = infinite universe and the zips = finite
• Finite existence of human beings in the infinite universe
Latin title = “Man: Heroic and Sublime” (creates sense of history, authority in the work)
• Very large, dwarfs the viewer (17’ wide) (feeling of sublime)
• zips give a sense of cadence and rhythm; trying to capture the sublime without “props”
(traditional, religious symbols)
14. Mark Rothko
Number 19
1961
oil on canvas
91 x 71 in.
Chromatic abstraction:
lacks the energetic
application of paint but
uses blocks and lines of
color to express
complex feelings about
the universe (also called
Color field painting)
15. Rothko, Number 14, 1961
Expression of feeling through the colors
• If you only observe the colors of the
painting, you miss the deep
“religious” experience he had while
creating them
• Life is a cycle of tragic times and
happy times (express the cycle
through colors)
• “basic human emotions – tragedy,
ecstasy, doom”
Works evoke the feeling of landscape painting
(different layers)
• Tension between geometric shapes
and formlessness (material vs.
immaterial worlds)
• Put “weight” at the bottom
16. 16
Post-Painterly Abstraction
• Described by Clement Greenberg (an influential art critic) as the cool and rational
• Used same techniques as Ab-Ex artists (like Pollock), but did not put intentional
subconscious expression into the paintings (also called Hard Edge)
– Ab-Ex without the spiritual element
– Some call it the 2nd generation of Ab-Ex
– Avoid build up of paint; use pure colors; avoid tactile surface effects;
psychological detachment
17. Frank Stella
Mas o Menos (More or Less)
1964
oil on canvas
9’10” x 13’8”
“Pinstripe paintings”: canvases of solid color separated by areas
of bare canvas (emphasize the flatness and no sense of recessional
space)
• “What you see is what you see”
• Often works were on a deep stretcher to emphasize the role of
the canvas as an art object
18. Helen Frankenthaler
The Bay
1963
acrylic on canvas
6’ 8 7/8” x 6’ 9 7/8”
COLOR FIELD PAINTING: Technique
• Diluted oil paints with
turpentine and watercolors
with water so the paint was
very thin and could be
poured very easily onto a
raw, unprimed canvas
• Colors soaked into the
material, creating a “color
stain” or “soak stain” (think
of juice soaked up by a
paper towel)
Evocative of landscape painting
very flat (no third dimension)
19. David Smith
Cubi XIX
1964
Stainless Steel
9’ 4 ¾” X 4’ 10 ¼” X 3’ 4”.
Welded pieces of metal together in
abstract compositions (influence of
Cubist sculptors)
Cubi series in the 1960s: basic
geometric shapes (rectangles,
squares, circles, etc.) welded together
to make them appear to be
precariously balancing
• Stainless steel; burnished
(marked) to give texture (a la
Pollock)
• Praised for their evocation of
human qualities
(precariousness of human
life, for example)
• Resemble totem poles
20. SCULPTURE
Minimalism: a predominantly sculptural movement and its emphasis on
objecthood.
Minimalism: emphasize the shapes and straight edges of their creations; no surface
decoration, elements, figures, or other imagery
• “Getting rid of the things that people used to think were essential to art”
• Sought to remove any visible signs of themselves in their art
Personality of the artist is completely suppressed
• Opposed to sculpture like Cubist (relationship of parts to a whole)
• Sought to create multipiece sculptures that represent a whole (not just the parts)
• Influenced by Newman’s zips that extend into infinity
21. Donald Judd
Untitled
1969
Brass and colored fluorescent Plexiglass on steel brackets, 10 units
6 1/8” x 2’ x 2’ 3” each
Series of boxes
• Arranged in a vertical composition, attached
• Boxes with space in between them: interplay between
solids and voids, shadows and light, etc.
• Interest in mechanical and precise forms
23. One arm points to the Lincoln Memorial, the other to the Washington Monument
• Black granite: reflective (viewers see themselves in the names)
• Simplicity criticized: Does this reflect an attitude about American involvement in the
War?
• Memorial cuts into the ground, but the grass continues to grow
• Its like a scar in the earth -- War is a scar in society
• Simplicity allows viewer to ponder the war and soldiers
V-shaped monument cut into the
earth with 60,000 casualties of the
Vietnam War listed in the order
they were killed and reported
missing
• Starts at the ground and
increases to 10 feet tall,
then recedes back into the
ground
• Very geometric in
appearance
24. POP Art (1960s)
Pop Art: reaction against Ab-Ex; make art something recognizable (use
imagery from “pop”ular culture: ads, comics, products, celebrities, etc.)
• 1950s: consumer based societies and “throw-away” culture
• Art becomes a commodity to be sold just like everything else;
production methods reflect that sensibility
Rejects many Ab-Ex ideas:
• psychological undertones
• Emotional
• heroic artist, not an expression of personality (uses found images)
• use of industrial methods and media
25. Richard Hamilton
Just what is it that makes
today’s
homes so different, so
appealing?
1956
collage on paper
10 1/4 x 9 3/4 in.
Used in the exhibition “What is
Tomorrow?”
• In England, about
American culture
• Newest technologies
showcased
• Show the “traditional”
American family; ironic,
humorous spin on
American culture
• images mean
something different
from their original
intent (very
Duchampian)
26. Mass marketing of products = Pop Art precursor
• Put together in collage: Armor ham, Ford,
Tootsie “Pop”, etc.
• Almost Surrealist arrangement: woman
with headlights for breasts wearing a
lampshade, romance comic book as framed
painting, etc.
• Media references: TV, newspaper, theater
marquee
• Celebrities: bodybuilder Charles Atlas and
image from an erotic magazine
Ab-Ex painting/notebook cover as the rug;
photograph of the moon/earth is ceiling art
• contemporary details abound
27. Jasper Johns
Flag
1954-55
encaustic, oil and collage on
fabric mounted on plywood
3 ft. 6 1/4 in. x 5 ft. 5/8 in.
Works contain objects
people recognize but
look at twice to
consider the meaning
and relationship of the
objects
Recognizable imagery (flag) placed in an unusual context
• newspaper clippings under the painted flag (encaustic paint:
translucent so the viewer can see the newspaper)
• encaustic used for an “iconic” image (like Byzantine icons)
• medium that conceals and reveals simultaneously (almost
like language – newspaper)
• the flag is a revealing icon which we “conceal” (ignore, pass by)
28. Jasper Johns
Three Flags
1958
encaustic on canvas
78.4 x 115.6 x 12.7 cm
Flags in all government buildings, but we often fail to notice them (too
familiar)
• Iconplaced in a museum so we are forced to consider it
• abided by rules for displaying the flag (at the time)
• shows reverence
• some complained about the flag being used in art
• representation of the flag, not THE flag (e.g. “This is
not a pipe.”)
• doesn’t defile the flag for this reason
29. Robert Rauschenberg
Canyon
1959
combine painting
219.7 x 179.1 x 57.8 cm
Gathered scraps of newspaper,
photos, discarded materials to make
assemblages
• collected them in NYC from
the street usually
• “Paintings relate to both art
and life. Neither can be
made. (I try to act in the gap
between the two).”
30. Combines: assemblage paintings
Multiple levels of meaning in his works of
art and strange juxtapositions
• stuffed eagle placed on a pedestal
connected with the pillow (one
covered with feathers, the other
stuffed with them)
• photograph of a young man with
his hand held aloft, just like the
Statue of Liberty (photo of it on
there too)
31. Roy Lichtenstein
Hopeless
1963
oil on canvas
3 ft. 8 in. x 3 ft. 8 in.
stylistic elements
• Benday dots: named for Benjamin
Day; printing process uses the
pointillist technique of colored
dots from a limited palette placed
closely together to achieve more
colors and subtle shading
• heavy black lines frame areas of
unmodulated flat color
• primary colors
• frames inspired by comics
• hard, precise drawing
Moment of transition or crisis is the
subject
• use of “found” images (comic
books, etc.)
32. • Benday dots: named for Benjamin Day; printing process uses
the pointillist technique of colored dots from a limited palette
placed closely together to achieve more colors and subtle
shading
33. Roy Lichtenstein
Little Big Painting
1965
oil and synthetic polymer paint on canvas
68 x 80 in.
Series of paintings on the history of art
(Classical, modernist styles like Cubism,
etc.)
• icons of art rendered in the
comic-book style
Ab-Ex painting
• House-painting brushes used:
broad strokes rendered w/o
passion (outlined, frozen,
background of benday dots,
etc.)
• Emptied of value
(interiority, connection
with humanity)
• Ironic because it’s still
painting
Hand-painted benday
dots still contain the
“mark of the artist”
(appears mechanical,
unlike Ab-Ex)
34. Andy Warhol
Brillo Box
1968
silkscreen ink and synthetic polymer paint on wood
17 1/8 x 17 x 14 in.
Andy Warhol
Pop Art object himself; persona
that was marketed (celebrity and
“15 minutes of fame”)
• design school: newspaper
ads for consumer goods
(shoes, for example);
• developed an art of
commodities (objects
that are bought and sold)
35. Andy Warhol
Marilyn Diptych
1962
silkscreen ink and synthetic polymer paint on canvas
6 ft. 10 in. x 6 ft. 9 ft..
Graphic arts techniques: photographic
transfer, silkscreen (method of using
premade shapes)
• allowed for multiple copies of
consumer items
• studio named “The Factory”:
efficient place of production
36. Interest in the issues of celebrity
• public face: highlighted by bold, artificial colors
• private persona submerged beneath the public face
• celebrity marketed the same way a product is (commodity, like soup)
• repetition numbs the viewer and distances the viewer from the subject
Social characteristics magnified: brilliant blonde hair, heavy lipstick, seductive look, etc.
37. Claes Oldenburg
The Store
1960
sculptor who collaborated with his wife, Coosjie
Van Bruggen
“The Store” was a gallery where art is bought and
sold
• used consumer materials: polyester, vinyl,
canvas, etc.
39. Claes Oldenburg
Installation at Greene Gallery
1962
created large soft sculptures
of everyday food items
• reflected the food of
diners, developing fast
food market: popular
culture
• not tromp l’oeil
other everyday objects in soft
sculpture: light switch, toilet,
etc.
40. Claes Oldenburg and
Coosje van Bruggen
Spoonbridge and Cherry
Minneapolis, Minnesota
1985-88
Aluminum, stainless steel and paint
29 ft. 6 in. x 51 ft. 6 in. x 13 ft. 6 in.
Also made hard sculptures of
food or everyday items
Later he made large, outdoor
sculptures: lipstick, ice cream
cone dropped on ground
42. Christo and Jean-Claude
Surrounded Islands
Florida
1982
Pink fabric
Temporary works of art
started with “wrappings” (motorcycles, etc.)
• extended into wrapping the environment
• essential to the work is that the art does
not damage nature or the ecology must be
returned to the way it was found
afterwards
• works not patronized
Later, the wrapping became curtains (NYC
Central Park project)
This “wrapping” was of 11 man-made islands
off the coast of Miami in Biscayne Bay
• flamingo pink fabric an appropriate
choice
• concerned that the fabric might affect
manatees (didn’t)
43. ROBERT SMITHSON
Spiral Jetty,
1970
Great Salt Lake, Utah,
earthworks: efforts to preserve nature; incorporating natural materia
in outdoor locations; site specific works
wanted to capture the beauty of earth in the outdoor space
some works done indoors, but involved taking materials from outside
inside (dirt, rocks, sand, etc.): “non-site” works
• used mirrors in indoor works to create infinite feeling
44. Coil of rock growing into the Great Salt Lake; remote and inaccessible area
• walking on the jetty changes the participants view (constantly curving and changing)
• jetty: pier into the water (transformed into a curl of rocks sitting silently in the vast
wilderness)
• similar to the North American earthworks (Serpent Mound, etc.)
• became like a legend because from 1972 to the present, it is only visible in times of
drought (submerged underwater)
low-level
scanning:
search for
inspiration in
a specific site
45. RICHARD SERRA
Tilted Arc
1981.
Jacob K. Javits
Federal Plaza,
New York City
infamous work of art
• made of steel
• wanted a work of art to disrupt use of the site
• the power of the piece should disrupt the site (block views, people
unable to cross the plaza, etc.)
• art would dictate the way the site was used
46. Anti-form art: the process is the actual art
became objectionable when it began to disrupt use of the plaza, held trial over its place
• many wanted Serra to move the work, but it is site-specific; it won’t work anywhere else
• removed by the patron (General Services Administration)
• artist filed counter-suits but lost
• brings up issues of patronage and ownership of art: Who owns art: the artist or the
patron? After art is sold, does the artist have a right to it? Legally? Aesthetically?
• no laws to safeguard an artist’s work once it is sold
47. SUPERREALISM (Photorealism)
Superrealism: still life paintings or portraits with photographic accuracy
Often based on photographs
Employed airbrush and grid lines to create realistic images
48. AUDREY FLACK
Marilyn
1977.
Oil over acrylic on canvas,
8’ x 8
Influenced by Dutch vanitas
paintings (tromp l’oeil)
Marilyn was not always the
superficial woman in the
Warhol image
• Norma Jean: elements in
the painting tell of her early
life
• Symbols: fruit (life, peeled
to show transience of life);
hourglass (same); August
calendar page (month when
she died)
• airbrush used to remove
any traces of brush marks;
wanted it to seem like a
photograph
49. CHUCK CLOSE
Big Self-Portrait
1967–1968
Acrylic on canvas
8’ 11” x 6’ 11”
Large, realistic portraits of everyday
people, often friends or himself
• not formal portraits; informal
snapshots
• intimate image
Tried to revive portraits (Ab-Ex had
killed it)
TECHNIQUE: Used a grid over a
photograph to capture the details;
airbrush used to remove traces of
brush
1988-89: became paralyzed
(quadriplegic); can move his arm, but
in limited range
51. Duane Hanson
Sculptor known for images of average
American citizens (tourists, shoppers)
• not ridiculing humanity; celebrating
their worst moments
• continues the tradition of tromp
l’oeil
52. DUANE HANSON
Supermarket Shopper
1970
Polyester resin and
fiberglass polychromed in
oil, with clothing, steel
cart, and groceries
life-size
• life-sized casts of bodies made for
his sculptures (based on real
people’s bodies); also used real hair
and clothing
• often mistaken for real people in
the museum
What was he trying to say about Americans?
• Large middle to upper class society that can afford travel,
eat as much as they please, etc.
• Can’t blend in gracefully with other
53. JUDY CHICAGO
The Dinner Party
1979
Multimedia, including
ceramics and stitchery
48’ x 48’ x 48’
installation: temporary work of art made up
of assemblages created for a particular space,
like an art gallery or museum
FEMINIST ART
Art that addresses issues of sexual
discrimination and subjugation of
women
• changed her last name to
Chicago (where she was born)
because she believed that
women shouldn’t live with the
name given to them by
patriarchy (subjugation)
54. Alludes to 39 women that
Chicago believed should be
recognized
• originally supposed to be
13 women (number in a
witches’ coven, present
at the Last Supper);
inadequate number so it
was tripled
• large equilateral triangle
table (48 foot sides)
• triangle: Mother
Goddess symbol
(Sacred Feminine)
• traditional women’s arts incorporated (ceramics, embroidery,
etc.)
• table settings specific to the woman and meant to resemble
female reproductive organs
55. Barbara Kruger
Untitled (Your Gaze Hits the Side of My Face
1981
Photography with red frame
4’7” x 3’5”
First hints at Post-Modernism
• Modernism is old and outdated by the
80s
• Artists could try to revolutionize,
but that is traditional at this point
in history
• The idea of doing something
new has become old-
fashioned
Key is the appropriation of ideas from the
past, but emptied of their past meaning
• reverse Modernism (implode it)
• deconstructing: implosion,
destruction from within; using
conventions of art against itself
56. Graphic designer: mass media influence;
attempts to deconstruct advertisements
• words placed in as design elements
• large single image with a short, catchy
phrase (like a magazine ad)
Appropriates the images from elsewhere and
adds the text
• using the text to interpolate the viewer
(insert audience into work)
• uses ambiguous pronoun address (ex: you,
who is you?)
• done so many can identify with the
work
• can also be used to indicate the target
audience (seems to address a male
audience usually)
Comment upon the “male gaze” again; women
do not see themselves, they only see
themselves through the heterosexual male gaze
57. CINDY SHERMAN
Untitled Film Still #35
1979
Gelatinsilverprint
10” x 8”
Imitate the way that images of women have
been stereotypically depicted in the movies;
deconstruct the images
1950s = posters outside theater with b&w
photographs from the film
• entices the viewer to see the movie
• not always from the film itself; worked
with the idea of stereotypes (can identify
the protagonist, antagonist of the film,
etc.)
58. Puts herself in the photographs
• dressed in costumes = character portrait (not really who she is)
• the photos imply that there is a narrative, but none exists
• she always looks away from the camera (implies that someone else is in the scene)
• explores clichés of the 50s: woman: business woman (unmarried or widowed)
Criticizes the concept of women as objects to be gazed at
also did a rape series (shows herself victimized), historical portrait series (dressed up like
Marie Antoinette and others), and pornography series (used prosthetic limbs; begs the
question: if there is no real body, is it porn?)
59. GUERRILLA GIRLS, The Advantages of Being A Woman Artist, 1988. Offset print, 17”x22”.
Collection of the artists.