Art Deco
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The document provides information about Art Deco, including its origins in the 1920s Paris Exposition, key characteristics like simple clean shapes and geometric ornamentation, and examples of iconic Art Deco architecture like the Empire State Building. It also profiles some influential Art Deco artists such as Erté, Tamara de Lempicka, and Emile-Jacques Ruhlmann, and discusses materials and designs commonly used in Art Deco furnishings. Later in the document, it outlines the decline of Art Deco during WWII and its legacy as a source of inspiration for modern design styles.
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Art Deco
- 3. Artworks and items that were crafted individually that possessed a sleek anti-traditional elegance that symbolizes the wealthy and sophisticated. Art Deco
- 4. ● Simple, clean shapes ● Sometimes provided a “streamlined” look ● Ornaments are geometrical or stylized ● From expensive materials ● Frequently uses man-made substances with natural ones ● Rarely mass-produced ● Reflected admiration for the modernity of the machine and for the inherent design qualities of machine-made objects Characteristics
- 5. Beginnings
- 6. Beginnings Of Art Deco ● Originated in 1920’s ● Popularized in Western Europe and United States ● Exposition Internationale des Arts Décoratifs et Industriels Modernes ○ Organized by an association of French artists ■ La Societe des Artistes Decorateurs (society of decorator artists) ○ Held in Paris ○ 1925 ● Represented modernism
- 7. Key Ideas and Concepts
- 8. Key Ideas ● Modern style that incorporates functional objects with artistic elements ● Wished to enhance mass-produced products ● Acknowledges and admires the uniqueness and authenticity of handmade objects and featured stylized, organic forms ● Streamline Moderne is a stripped down, American version of the European Art Deco
- 9. Concepts Design ● Italian Futurism influenced the graphic designs in Art Deco ○ Love for speed and machinery ● Utilizes straight and parallel lines Furniture ● Similar to Art Nouveau but less curvy and simplified
- 10. Concepts Architecture ● Hard-edged, often richly embellished designs ● Metal accents ● Emphasizes on vertical lines ○ To draw eyes upward ● Streamline effect used on rectangular, blocky forms that are arranged geometrically
- 14. Artists
- 15. ● Born in Paris on August 28, 1879 ● Started making furniture when he was newly married to use for their apartment ● Early designs reflected the Art Nouveau influence ● Had no formal training in the making of cabinets or furniture ● Ruhlmann’s expenses for his furniture cost more than what he sells them for Emile-Jacques Ruhlmann
- 16. État Macassar ebony, amaranth, ivory, oak, lumber-core plywood, poplar, chestnut, mahogany, silvered brass 50 1/4 x 33 3/4 x 14 in.
- 17. Erté ● Born in Russia on November 23, 1892 ● Real name is Romain de Tirtoff ● Designs included dresses and accessories for women ● Under contract to the American fashion magazine Harper’s Bazaar ● Created costumes that highlighted the Art Deco interior design
- 18. Le Mystere Des Pierreries 22” x 30” in Print
- 19. Tamara de Lempicka ● Born in born Maria Gorska in Warsaw (now Russia) ● Trained by two successful artists during the height of post-Cubist experimentation ● Incorporates geometric, faceted forms of Cubism but emphasizes on soft modeling ● Open minded towards sexuality ● Her artworks are tributes ○ jazz- and flapper-age decadence
- 20. The Sleeper 1932 Paint 20” x 24” in
- 21. Fritz Ferdinand Preiss ● Born in Germany on 13th February 1882 ● Parents died and lived with Philipp Willmann ○ Famous ivory carver ○ Was Trained there ● Earned his living as a modeller ● Founded the company Preiss & Kassler ○ Ivory-carving business ○ Provides workshops ● Specializes in Art Deco cabinet sculptures ○ combined ivory with bronze paint
- 22. Lighter Than Air Sculpture 33 cm in height
- 23. Hildreth Meière ● Muralist ● Pioneered a modern approach to murals ○ Against academic tradition ● Known for her willingness to explore new materials ● Awarded the Fine Arts Medal in 1956 by the American Institute of Architects
- 24. The Red and Orange Banking Room 1931
- 26. Empire State Building Architect: William F. Lamb Date: 1931
- 28. Victoire / Spirit of the Wind Artist: René Lalique Date: 1928
- 29. Jaro Municipal Government Building 1934
- 30. Young Lady With Gloves Artist: Tamara de Lempicka Date: 1930
- 32. Chrysler Building Architect: William Van Alen Date: 1930
- 33. Late Development
- 34. Later Developments ● Occurred during beginning of the Great Depression ● Austerity as core aesthetic ● Streamlined phase by the late 1930's ● Exotic materials were replaced with concrete, glass, and chrome hardware ● The style went out of fashion in most places during World War II ● Rediscovered in the late 1960's
- 35. Influence and Legacy ● Main inspiration for the Memphis Group ● Continues to influence Mid-Century Modern design ● To this day used as source of inspiration
- 37. Strengths of Art Deco ● Purely aesthetic ○ Was not involved in political or philosophical ideologies ● Simplicity ● Incorporated different cultures and art methods but remained unique ● Considered to be safe due to low relief surface decoration
- 38. Weaknesses of Art Deco ● Not mass produced ● The materials were expensive ○ Great Depression ○ the end of the movement, the materials became cheaper ● Stylistic limitation ○ Has a defined/specific look