This document discusses the seminar method of instruction. It defines a seminar as involving a group guided discussion on a theme presented by one or more members. The objectives are to develop higher cognitive abilities like analysis and evaluation, as well as affective objectives like tolerance of other ideas and cooperation. Key roles in a seminar include the organizer, president, speaker, participants, and observers. The seminar method stimulates thinking and develops openness while representing behavioral norms. It is used in higher education to clarify complex topics.
There are different types of teaching methods which can be categorised into three broad types. These are teacher-centred methods, learner-centred methods, content-focused methods and interactive/participative methods.
There are different types of teaching methods which can be categorised into three broad types. These are teacher-centred methods, learner-centred methods, content-focused methods and interactive/participative methods.
Lecture method is the most commonly used method of teaching science. It is a teacher- controlled & information centered approach in which the teacher works as a sole-resource in classroom instruction.
There are different types of teaching methods which can be categorised into three broad types. These are teacher-centred methods, learner-centred methods, content-focused methods and interactive/participative methods.
Project method is one of the modern method of teaching in which, the students point of view is given importance in designing the curricula and content of studies. This method is based on the philosophy of Pragmatism and the principle of ‘Learning by doing’. In this strategy pupils perform constructive activities in natural condition. A project is a list of real life that has been imparted into the school. It demands work from the pupils.
Lecture method is the most commonly used method of teaching science. It is a teacher- controlled & information centered approach in which the teacher works as a sole-resource in classroom instruction.
There are different types of teaching methods which can be categorised into three broad types. These are teacher-centred methods, learner-centred methods, content-focused methods and interactive/participative methods.
Project method is one of the modern method of teaching in which, the students point of view is given importance in designing the curricula and content of studies. This method is based on the philosophy of Pragmatism and the principle of ‘Learning by doing’. In this strategy pupils perform constructive activities in natural condition. A project is a list of real life that has been imparted into the school. It demands work from the pupils.
There are various methods of teaching, and educators often employ a combination of these methods based on the subject matter, learning goals, and student needs. Here are some commonly used teaching methods:
Lecture: This is a traditional method where the teacher presents information to the students through verbal communication. It is useful for delivering large amounts of content efficiently, but it should be complemented with other activities to engage students actively.
Discussion: This method encourages student participation and promotes critical thinking. Teachers facilitate discussions by asking open-ended questions, encouraging students to share their thoughts and ideas, and facilitating debates on specific topics. It promotes collaboration and helps students develop their communication skills.
Cooperative learning: In this approach, students work together in small groups to achieve shared learning goals. They actively engage in problem-solving activities, discussions, and projects, with each member contributing their skills and knowledge. Cooperative learning fosters teamwork, communication, and interpersonal skills.
Inquiry-based learning: This method focuses on encouraging students to ask questions, investigate, and discover knowledge on their own. Teachers provide guidance and support as students explore topics, conduct experiments, and find answers. It promotes curiosity, critical thinking, and problem-solving abilities.
Problem-based learning (PBL): PBL involves presenting students with real-world problems or scenarios that require critical thinking and problem-solving skills. Students work individually or in groups to identify solutions, conduct research, and apply their knowledge in a practical context. PBL enhances critical thinking, collaboration, and application of knowledge.
Project-based learning (PBL): Similar to PBL, this method involves students working on extended projects that require them to delve deeply into a subject, explore various aspects, and create a final product or presentation. It encourages self-directed learning, research skills, and application of knowledge.
Experiential learning: This approach emphasizes learning through hands-on experiences. It may include field trips, simulations, role-playing, and practical activities that allow students to directly engage with the subject matter. Experiential learning promotes active participation, reflection, and the application of knowledge in real-world contexts.
Technology-based learning: With the integration of technology in education, teachers can use various tools such as educational software, multimedia resources, online platforms, and interactive simulations to enhance instruction. Technology-based learning can engage students and provide opportunities for personalized learning experiences.
It's important for teachers to be flexible and adaptable in their approach.
The term group discussion stand for the discussion held within the group, i.e. interchange of ideas between students and the teacher or among a group of students.
the lecture method is a most perfect method to essay understand the topic. the lecture method is the usually to used in education and demonstration, its help to modify the difficult information in essay.
2. INTRODUCTION
A seminar is an instructional
technique which involves generating a
situation for a group to have guided
interaction among themselves on a theme
which is generally presented to the group
by one or more members.
3. DEFINITION
Seminar is an instructional technique of
higher learning which involves paper
reading on a theme and followed by the
group discussion to clarify the complex
aspects of the theme
5. Cognitive objectives
To develops the higher cognitive abilities
that is analysis , synthesis and evaluation.
To develop the ability of responding that
is valuing, organizing etc.
To develop the ability of keen
observation, experience ,feeling and to
present them effectively.
To develop the ability to seek
clarification and defend the ideas of other
effectively.
6. Affective Objectives
To develop the feeling to tolerate the
opposite ideas of other.
To develop the feeling of cooperation.
To develop the emotional stability among
the participants of seminar.
To acquire a good manner of putting
questions and to answer the questions of
other effectives.
7. Roles of Seminar Technique
In organizing a seminar the following roles
are performed:-
ORGANIZER
PRESEDENT OR CHAIRMEN
PARTICIPANT
OBSERVERS
8. ROLE OF ORGANIZER
Responsibility of an organizer is to
Plan and prepare the whole program of
the seminar.
To decide the theme
Assign the parts of theme to different
person
He decides that who will be the speaker
10. ROLE OF SPEAKER
They prepare the topic thoroughly and
Xerox copies of papers are prepared and
distributed among the participants before
the commencement of the topic so the
participants should also prepare
themselves for the topic.
The speaker should be ready to define
the questions
11. ROLE OF PARTICIPANTS
participants should be well acquainted
with theme.
They should appreciate the performance
of the speaker.
They should be able to put questions and
seek clarification
There are 25 -30 participants in seminar.
13. PROCEDURE OF SEMINAR
Organizer select the theme and organize
the seminar
Chairman conduct the activities of
seminar and direct the seminar on theme.
Speaker speaks about the theme.
Group discussion
Participants seeks clarification and put
questions.
Observers observe the activity of
seminar.
15. Mini seminar:-A seminar organized to
discuss a topic in class is known as mini
seminar.
Main seminar:-such seminars are
organized in departmental level or
institutional level.
National seminar:-it is organized by an
association at national level.
International seminar:-such seminars
are organized by UNESCO and other
international organizations.
16. ADVANTAGES OF SEMINAR
METHOD
Stimulation of thinking.
Tolerance of other views develops.
Cooperation with others develops.
Openness of ideas occurs.
Represents the norms of behaviours.
It has great instructional values .
Natural way of learning
17. LIMITATION OF SEMINAR
Seminar cannot be organized on all the
content of subject matter.
Technique cannot be used in all levels of
education
18. Conclusion:
Seminar is a method of teaching
mostly used for higher education. It is an
instructional technique which involves
paper reading on a theme. It includes the
group discussion to clarify the complex
aspect of theme. The students’ learns to
develop the ability of keen observation of
experience and feelings of tolerance to the
opposite ideas of others.
19. BIBLIOGRAPHY:
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Brothers Medical Publisher Ltd,New Delhi,572-575
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1st:2009, AITBS Publisher, Delhi,