The document discusses various teaching-learning methods including lectures, demonstrations, discussions, and seminars. It provides guidelines for selecting teaching methods, outlines the components and purposes of lectures, and describes how to effectively deliver a lecture. Advantages and disadvantages of different methods like lectures, demonstrations, and discussions are also highlighted. The document emphasizes active participation of students to promote learning.
Lecture method is the most commonly used method of teaching science. It is a teacher- controlled & information centered approach in which the teacher works as a sole-resource in classroom instruction.
There are different types of teaching methods which can be categorised into three broad types. These are teacher-centred methods, learner-centred methods, content-focused methods and interactive/participative methods.
the lecture method is a most perfect method to essay understand the topic. the lecture method is the usually to used in education and demonstration, its help to modify the difficult information in essay.
Lecture method is the most commonly used method of teaching science. It is a teacher- controlled & information centered approach in which the teacher works as a sole-resource in classroom instruction.
There are different types of teaching methods which can be categorised into three broad types. These are teacher-centred methods, learner-centred methods, content-focused methods and interactive/participative methods.
the lecture method is a most perfect method to essay understand the topic. the lecture method is the usually to used in education and demonstration, its help to modify the difficult information in essay.
Discussion methods are a variety of forums for open-ended, collaborative exchange of ideas among a teacher and students or among students for the purpose of furthering students thinking, learning, problem solving, understanding, or literary appreciation.
A lesson plan is a teacher's detailed description of the course of instruction or "learning trajectory" for a lesson. A daily lesson plan is developed by a teacher to guide class learning. Details will vary depending on the preference of the teacher, subject being covered, and the needs of the students
There are different types of teaching methods which can be categorised into three broad types. These are teacher-centred methods, learner-centred methods, content-focused methods and interactive/participative methods.
Demonstration method, Special functions of Demonstration, Advantages of demonstration, Limitations of demonstration, Requisites of good demonstration, Planning a demonstration, Criteria for a good demonstration,
Discussion involves two-way communication between participants.
In the classroom situation a teacher and students all participate in discussion.
During discussion, the teacher spends some time listening while the students spend sometimes talking.
The discussion is, therefore, a more active learning experience for the students than the lecture.
Teaching is an intimate contact between teacher and student. In this process of education, teacher helps in developing in the studentâs personality by this intimate contact.
Discussion methods are a variety of forums for open-ended, collaborative exchange of ideas among a teacher and students or among students for the purpose of furthering students thinking, learning, problem solving, understanding, or literary appreciation.
A lesson plan is a teacher's detailed description of the course of instruction or "learning trajectory" for a lesson. A daily lesson plan is developed by a teacher to guide class learning. Details will vary depending on the preference of the teacher, subject being covered, and the needs of the students
There are different types of teaching methods which can be categorised into three broad types. These are teacher-centred methods, learner-centred methods, content-focused methods and interactive/participative methods.
Demonstration method, Special functions of Demonstration, Advantages of demonstration, Limitations of demonstration, Requisites of good demonstration, Planning a demonstration, Criteria for a good demonstration,
Discussion involves two-way communication between participants.
In the classroom situation a teacher and students all participate in discussion.
During discussion, the teacher spends some time listening while the students spend sometimes talking.
The discussion is, therefore, a more active learning experience for the students than the lecture.
Teaching is an intimate contact between teacher and student. In this process of education, teacher helps in developing in the studentâs personality by this intimate contact.
Method of teaching- lecture is the most common method of teaching.It is effective for imparting knowledge up to comprehension level but less effective for higher cognitive levels.
Teaching Strategies and Methodologies for Teaching and LearningMG M
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The term Teaching method refers to the general principles, pedagogy and management strategies used for classroom instruction. Your method depends on what are your goals, your individual style and your schoolâs vision.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
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Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
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Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar âDigital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?â on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus âManaging screen time: How to protect and equip students against distractionâ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective âStudents, digital devices and successâ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
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The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
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This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
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Operation âBlue Starâ is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
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It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using âinvisibleâ attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as âdistorted thinkingâ.
3. Guideline for the selection of
Teaching Method
īMethod should be suited to objective and contents of the
subject matter
īMethod should suit the level of the student.
īMethod should be used creatively
īMethod should suit teachers style.
īMethod should address the challenge.
īSelection should consider available resources.
6. A lecture is an
oral presentation
intended to present
information or
teach people about
a particular subject.
7. Types of Lecture
A. Traditional oral essay
ī The teacher is an orator and the only
speaker.
B. Participatory Lecture
ī begins with learners brainstorming ideas on
the lecture topic on what they have read in
preparation.
8. C. Feedback Lecture
ī Consists with mini lectures with 10-minute
small group discussion
ī opportunity to manipulate the lecture content
D. Mediated Lecture
ī Use of media such as films, slides, Web-
based images along with traditional lecture.
9. Component of Lecture Method
ī1. Introduction of Lecture:
Starting with idea taking
ī2. The Body Of Lecture:
Content matter
ī3.Conclusion:
Feedback with question- Answer
10. Purposes of Lecturing
īLectures can be an efficient means of introducing
learners a new topic.
īIt can be used to stimulate studentsâ interest in a
subject.
īIt can also be used to inspire people.
īTo integrate and synthesize a large body of
knowledge. (Parker, 1993)
īâThe lecture is valuable where knowledge is
advancing and up-to-date textbooks are not
available.â (Jones,1990)
11. Advantages of the
Lecture Method
1. It is economical in terms of student time.
ī A great deal of information can be
communicated in a one hour lecture.
ī More pertinent information can be taught to a
student.
2. The lecturer can supplement a textbook by
enhancing a topic and making it come to life.
12. 3. The teacher serves as a role model for students.
4. Lectures bring enjoyment to the learners.
5. It helps students develop their listening skills.
13. Disadvantages of the
Lecture Method
1. It lends itself to the teaching of the facts while
placing little emphasis on problem solving, decision
making, analytical thinking, or transfer of learning.
(Black. 1993)
2. Lecturing is not conducive to meeting studentsâ
individual needs.
3. Lecturing brings with it the problem of limited
attention span on the part of the learners.
14. Delivering the Lecture
1. Control your anxiety.
ī An effective control mechanism is imaging.
2. Spontaneity
ī Avoid reading to the class.
ī Do not write your lecture out in full sentences.
ī Rehearse the delivery at home.
15. 3. Voice quality
īBeware of lecturing in monotone.
4. Body language
īDo not stand glued to the podium.
īUse your hand for emphasis but not too much.
īBe aware of your body language.
īMaintain eye contact.
16. 4. Speed of delivery
īAffects both the learnerâs comprehension and
enjoyment of the material.
5. Getting of the right foot
īCasual conversation for a minute to establish
rapport
īGive an opening âattention getterâ
17.
18.
19. What is Demonstration?
īDemonstration is
âan act of showing something by giving proof or
evidenceâ
âan instance of some body showing and explaining how
something works or is doneâ
(Oxford Advanced Learnerâs Dictionary)
20. What is Demonstration
Method?
īDemonstration method is a visual approach to
examining information, ideas and processes.
īIt is a teaching method that allows students to see
the teacher actively engaged as a learner and a
model rather than merely telling them what they
need to know.
21. Types of Demonstration
1. Pure Demonstration
- Purely visual method of instruction
2. Demonstration with commentary
- Harmonious blend of visual and verbal modes of
instruction
3. Participative Demonstration
- Allows students to attempt either to replicate all or
parts of demonstrations
22. Steps to carry out effective
Demonstrations
1. Carefully plan the demonstration
2. Practice the demonstration
3. Develop an outline to guide the demonstration
4. Make sure everyone can see the demonstration
5. Introduce the demonstration to focus attention
6. Ask and encourage questions
7. Plan a follow up to the demonstration
24. Advantages
1. This method of teaching serves as model laboratory
instruction.
2. Experiment shown as demonstration points out this matter of
observation and indicates this inference.
3. It makes the pupils familiar with the nature and use of
apparatus.
4. Experiments requiring special skill will merely be shown by the
teacher. In this method no time is wasted.
5. Teacher's time is properly utilized in watching the students
doing experiments.
6. While doing practical, there remains no necessity for
explaining except educating precautions.
7. This method proves more useful if the pupils are told
beforehand that they are going to do practical in the laboratory.
25. Disadvantages
1. There is danger of students being dishonest when
teacher has to play the main role in the discussion and
demonstration of the topic.
2. Teachers may be tempted to lecture rather than to
teach.
3. Teachers do not try for more experiments than those
given in the text book prescribed.
4. Oral discussion may not be encouraged, since it will go
to restrict the demonstration experiment.
5. Practical as required may not go hand in hand with
demonstration work.
27. Introduction
īExchange of ideas between several people is the best
process of learning and teaching from one another.
In the classroom environment ,discussion is the best
way of promoting conducive learning and convenient
teaching situation.
īIt refers to the method of instruction which give
pupils an opportunity to express their views or
opinions orally on certain issues.
28. īOne person speaks at a time,while others are listen. It
doesn't always involve the presentation of new
information and concepts. It also invoves sharing of
ideas and experiences ,solving problems and
promoting tolerance with understanding.
29. Purposes and Advantages of
Discussion Method
1. Give learners an opportunity to apply
principle, concepts, and theories.
2. Clarification of information and concepts
3. Students can learn process of group problem
solving.
4. Attitudes can be changed through discussion.
30. Disadvantages of the
Discussion Method
ī It takes a lot of time.
ī It is effective only to a small group.
ī One person or a few people monopolized the
discussion.
31. Discussion Techniques
1. Make your expectations clear.
2. Set the ground rules.
3. Arrange the physical space.
4. Plan a discussion starter.
5. Facilitate, donât discuss.
6. Encourage quiet group members.
7. Donât allow monopolies.
8. Direct the discussion among members.
9. Keep the discussion on track.
10. Clarify when confusion reigns.
11. Tolerate some silence.
12. Summarize when appropriate
32.
33.
34. īThe seminar method is the most modern and
advanced method of teaching. A seminar is an
advanced group technique which is usually used in
higher education. It is an instructional technique it
involves generating a situation for a group to have a
guided interaction among themselves on a theme.
īIt refers to a structured group discussion what usually
follows a formal lecture or lectures often in the form
of an essay or a paper presentation on a theme.
35. (Basic Principles) to be included in the seminar:
īThis seminar method depends with the lingual, social and
emotional instances and its maturity level.
ī The complex and undefined concept or article must be
read and discussed for the meaningful learning
experiences and new concept.
īThe value and success of the seminar depends on the path
of the learner and their learning experiences through the
discussion.
īBoth the group and learner can transform their ideas and
to derive a new conclusion also be anticipated.
36. ī In the lower level of learning experiences the
concepts are explanatory but in this higher level
of learning experience the theme or concept
centered and need more evidences and
explanations through the discussion.
ī The interactions in this method develop
observation and questioning skills, evaluation
skills using their own learning experience.
37. Advantages and special
features of Seminar Method.
īThis seminar method gives good motivation and
learning experience.
ī Help to evaluate the learn-ability of learners.
ī Regulate the creating and organizing of facts and
information.
ī Develop the self reliance and self confidence.
ī Studentsâ interaction is possible in participation
and production of teaching learning process.
ī Traditional monotony is abolished in this
method.
38. īEnsures the understandability and enhances the
capability of the students learning.
ī Seminar is always subject / theme specific, so
that sufficient knowledge about the concerned
subject can be developed.
ī The presenter or the reader of the article can get
further clarifications in his subject.
ī Develop the questioning skills.
īThe student receives good information from his
teacher and the fellow students.
39. Types of Seminar
īMini seminar : Its coverage and scope are small and simple.
īMajor seminar : The seminar conducted at an institutional or
departmental level for a specific topic or subject
īNational seminar : academic or professional interest or an
organization (Government, Firm, etc.,) conducts the seminar at
National level
īInternational seminar : Usually the seminar conducted by an
international organization or agency
40. Seminar Committee:
1. Chairperson or President / Convenor of Seminar
Naturally, S/he may be the apex person of the Institution /
Department / Government / Firm / Policy maker of the concerned
body or agency.
2. Organizing Secretary of Seminar
Usually he is nominated by the Chair person or President of the
Seminar committee. S/he must be a good administrator and
subject expert in the field proposed theme of the seminar.
3. Chairperson of the Technical Session of seminar
S/he must be the person with expertise in the theme proposed for
the seminar. S/he would have a good experience to perform all the
activities of technical session which is vital to the seminar.
41. ī4. Speaker of Seminar:
S/he is the active participant of seminar presenting his / her
paper among the other participants in the presence of
Chair Person of Technical session of seminar.
ī5. Participants / Paper presenters of seminar
The people who are presenting papers and observing
the paper presentation by participating in the
seminar are termed as Paper presenters and
Participants of the seminar.
42. Steps involved in Seminar:
īThe seminar is a process which allows the persons to
discuss a theme in a peer group with subject experts
in an objective method. The steps of the seminar
method are classified in to following three steps:
- Before seminar (pre seminar phase)
- At the course of seminar (seminar phase)
- After the seminar (post seminar phase)
43. Limitations of Seminar method
īSetting up of a seminar for every topic in the Text is not feasible.
ī The subject area to be taught must be relevant to the theme of the
seminar.
ī The seminar themes must conform the learning experiences to be
inculcated to the students.
ī This method found fit for higher learning only.
ī Implementation of this method for lower classes is boring.
ī Only matured and balanced minded teachers can make this method
successful.
ī The teacher must be resourceful (both in academic and
administrative) in nature.
ī Time management is some what difficult.
44. Seminar method â An example.
īTopic in the Text book to be taught under seminar method:
Water Pollution & its Preventive measures and awareness to
public.
ī Teacher discusses about the topic of seminar and selects the
organizing secretary for the Seminar.
īThe organizing secretary prepares a panel of subject experts
with the help of teacher. With the advice of Head master,
organizing secretary and the teacher form a committee and
select the Chair person for Technical Session and Speakers.
ī The organizing secretary classifies the seminar theme into
sub-themes which are relevant with the learning experiences
with the help of teacher and selected eminent students.
ī The organizing secretary prepares a circular for information
about the Seminar theme and its sub-themes, Venue, Time,
requirements etc.
45. A sample circular:
Dear Student Teacher
I am pleased to furnish below the details of the Seminar
on Water Pollution & its Preventive measures and
awareness to public' to be held on Nov 14th, 2014, at
Gothava.
Your active participation is highly solicited and get the
benefit of this event. I also request you to kindly share
information regarding the Seminar with your friends
of the academic circle. Kindly refer the circular
enclosed for further information.
[Abhishek Jain]
Organizing Secretary
49. Introduction
īPanel Discussion An orderly and logical conversation
on a given topic by 4 or more experts in the presence
of a moderator, in front of an audience.
īTopic is discussed from many angles
īBut not all aspects of the topic are covered
īModerator should keep it logical and balanced
īAudience is passive, except âpanel-forumâ
īA discussion in which few persons ( panel) carry on a
conversation in front of the audience.
50. īLarge group
īBenefit of small discussion group for large
īDifferent point view
īFree exchange of opinion
īNot to solve a problem
īClarify thinking
īRespect others opinion
55. Process :
īIntroduce the panel by name and experience
Announce the topic
īLimit the discussion in specific areas
īStart from a comment or a question towards a
speaker
īOccasional summary
īEncourage different view to express
īGeneral summary and discussions open to the
audience
57. Public panel discussion
īThese are organized for common men problems.
īObjectives:
īTo provide factual information regarding current
problems
īTo determine social values
īTo recreate the common men E.g. annual budget,
educated unemployment , increase in price of things.
58. EDUCATIONAL PANEL DISCUSSIONS
īUsed in educational institutions to provide
factual & conceptual knowledge and
clarification of certain theories and
principles.
īSome times these are organized to find out
the solutions of certain problems
59. Objectives
īTo provide factual information and
conceptual knowledge
īTo give awareness of theories and
principles
īTo provide solution of certain problems
60. Characteristics of panel discussion:
īUsed in university & college level to organize
teaching at reflective level
īDevelops the ability of problem solving
īHelps to understand nature, problem or theme of
discussion
īDevelops ability of presentation of theme and giving
their point of view logically.
īDevelops right type of attitude and ability to tolerate
anti- ideas of others
īHelps in creative thinking
īDevelops manners of putting Qn.s & answering them
61. Advantages
īEncourages social learning
īCognitive and affective objectives are achieved
ī Problem solving ability and logical thinking
īRespect to others ideas and feelings
īOpportunity of assimilation of content
īCreativity as well as criticism
62. Limitations
īDeviation from the theme while discussion
īSome members dominate
īSometimes do not provide a conducive
learning
īenvironment Time consuming
64. Introduction
īSymposium is Series of prepared talks by 2-5
persons with a chair-person, in front of an
audience 10-20 minutes each, on different aspects
of a topic
īAudience is passive except when allowed question
time, âsymposium-is Best for presentation of new
ideas/ controversial topic.
īFormal atmosphere / passive audience
65. Meaning
īâConference on a particular topic.â Meeting
of persons to discuss a problem or theme .
The views on a theme are presented in a
sequence , the specific aspect of a theme is
presented by an expert of the theme .
66. Definition
ī â A meeting or conference for discussion of a
topic, especially one in which the participant from
an audience and make presentationsâ.
ī â A collections of writing on a particular topic, as
in a magazineâ â A conference organized for the
discussion of some particular subjectâ
67. Objectives
īTo identify and understand two various
aspects of theme and problems
īTo identify the ability to take decision and
judgment regarding a problem
īTo develop values and feelings regarding a
problem
69. Characteristics
īBroad understanding of the topic or problem
ī Opportunities are provided to the listeners to
take decision about the problem
īUsed for higher classes for specific themes and
problems
īDevelops the feeling of cooperation and
adjustment
ī Provides different views
70. Purposes
īInvestigate a problem from several points
of view
īMakes the students to study independently
īBoosts the students ability to speak in a
group
71. Technique of symposium
īTeacher should plan the programme ahead of
time
īEach member of the class , as well as the student
speakers should known the Objectives of
symposium and breadth of the topic
īChairman introduces the topic
īThe topic is presented by the students taking 15-
20 min
īConclusion by the chairperson
72. Advantages
īIt is suited to a large group class
īCan be used fluently to present broad topics
īGives deeper insight into the topic
īDirects the students for continues independent
study
īLends itself to the teaching of the clinical subjects
īThis method can be used in the political meetings
73. Disadvantages
īInadequate opportunity for all the students to
participate actively
īThe speech is limited to 15-20 minutes
īLimited audience participation
īPossibility of overlapping of subjects or
information
75. What is a Field Trip
īA field trip is defined as any teaching and
learning excursion outside of the classroom.
īThere are two types of field trips â Physical
and Virtual.
77. īVirtual Field Trip Examples
Ministry Licensed Software The Digital Field Trip to the
Wetlands, Rainforest etc.
īhttp://www.geog.le.ac.uk/cti/virt.html
website will allow you to visit and explore by subject
various educational learning field trips, create your
own field trip or visit other virtual field trips that are
located across the web.Â
78. Advantages
īTo make a connection between reality and theory.
īCan be used as an introduction to a unit .
īTo provide an authentic learning experience
īExciting, children get to meet and interact with
others
īThey can experience all five senses, see, touch, feel,
smell, taste
īChildren remember the field trips because they learn
using different methodology .
79. How to Plan and Run a Successful Physical Field Trip
īPlanned and effectively organized
īCheck for school/board policy on field trips
īChildren to supervisor ratios
īTransportation procedures
īFund raising
īPlan with children as much as possible
īInvolve school principal and vice-principal
īEnsure field trip compliments the curriculum by meeting specific
expectations
īEnsure students have necessary background knowledge prior to field
trip.
īBe sure to visit the site ahead of time, in order to plan for safety,
resources and resource personnel, facility.
īPlan on route activities to enrich their experience during the field trip.
īProvide parents with rationalization for the field trip