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SPRAIN
PURVI SHAH
(B.P.T)
SPRAIN
Sprain is ref to Ligament Injury.
A sprain is an injury to the band of collagen tissue i.e.
a ligament, which connects two or more bones to a joint.
The primary function of a ligament is to provide passive
stabilization of a joint and it plays an important role
in proprioceptive function.
Etiology: A sprain occurs when ligaments (fibers that
connect bones to other bones) are stretched or torn.
Resulting Instability of joint
(Some form of impact or trauma leads to Sprain)
Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3
Mild Moderate Sever
Severity of Soft Tissue Injury
Severity Of Tissue Injury
Grade 1. Ligaments Stretched,
Mild pain at the time of injury or within the first 24 h.
Mild swelling, local tenderness & pain occur when the
tissue is stressed.
Grade 2. Ligaments torn slightly,
Moderate pain Stop activity.
Torn fibers Increased activity.
Stress & palpation of tissue leads to pain.
Grade 3. Ligaments torn completely,
Near complete or complete tear.
Stress of tissue is usually painless.
Most common type of SPRAIN
1.Ankle Sprain: An injury that occurs when the ankle rolls,
twists or turns in an awkward way.
 A sprained ankle causes swelling, pain and limited range of
motion.
2.Sprained Knee: A stretching or tearing of the fibrous tissues
connecting the leg bones at the knee.
A sprained knee can be caused by a sports injury or from
falling down.
Symptoms include pain, swelling, bruising and limited knee
mobility.
3.Strained Thumb: An injury of the tissue (ligament)
connecting the bones at the base of the thumb.
A sprained thumb occurs when a ligament is overextended
or torn while severely stressing a joint.
Common causes include skiing injury or overextension
when playing racket sports, such as tennis.
Symptoms are Thumb weakness
Swelling
Pain
Bruising
4.Sprained Wrist: Stretching or tearing of tissues
(ligaments) connecting bones and joints in the wrist.
A sprained wrist can be caused by a sports injury or
trauma.
Symptoms are Wrist swelling
Bruising
Pain
Tenderness
HOW TO ASSESS SPRAIN ???
Special Test: Stress Test (Depending upon Ligament
injury special test are needed)
Patient’s History & Complain
US
MRI Imaging
KNEE SPECIAL TEST
PHYSIOTHERAPY
AIMS: Prevention of abnormal scar tissue formation, joint
stiffness, muscle weakness.
Restore proprioceptive deficits
Pain relief
Strengthening of the injured region
Improving performance when the client returns to sport,
work or simply daily life.
PHYSIOTHERAPY
Patient education
PRICE protocol (24 to 72 h)
P = Protection
R = Rest
I = Ice Application ( 15 to 20 min)
C = Compression
E = Elevation
Early mobilization & Early weight bearing
Pain Relief: Soft tissue massage, Electrotherapy
ROM Ex (PROM; AAROM;AROM)
strengthening and flexibility Ex
Neuromuscular reeducation (Proprioceptive Training)
Taping & Bracing.
SURGICAL INTERVENTION
Surgical Intervention: A moderate or severe sprain,
particularly of the ankle, may require a hard cast may be
applied.
Surgically repair & reconstruct torn Ligaments.
Thank You

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Purvi shah sprain ppt

  • 2. SPRAIN Sprain is ref to Ligament Injury. A sprain is an injury to the band of collagen tissue i.e. a ligament, which connects two or more bones to a joint. The primary function of a ligament is to provide passive stabilization of a joint and it plays an important role in proprioceptive function.
  • 3. Etiology: A sprain occurs when ligaments (fibers that connect bones to other bones) are stretched or torn. Resulting Instability of joint (Some form of impact or trauma leads to Sprain)
  • 4. Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Mild Moderate Sever Severity of Soft Tissue Injury
  • 5. Severity Of Tissue Injury Grade 1. Ligaments Stretched, Mild pain at the time of injury or within the first 24 h. Mild swelling, local tenderness & pain occur when the tissue is stressed.
  • 6. Grade 2. Ligaments torn slightly, Moderate pain Stop activity. Torn fibers Increased activity. Stress & palpation of tissue leads to pain.
  • 7. Grade 3. Ligaments torn completely, Near complete or complete tear. Stress of tissue is usually painless.
  • 8.
  • 9. Most common type of SPRAIN 1.Ankle Sprain: An injury that occurs when the ankle rolls, twists or turns in an awkward way.  A sprained ankle causes swelling, pain and limited range of motion.
  • 10.
  • 11. 2.Sprained Knee: A stretching or tearing of the fibrous tissues connecting the leg bones at the knee. A sprained knee can be caused by a sports injury or from falling down. Symptoms include pain, swelling, bruising and limited knee mobility.
  • 12. 3.Strained Thumb: An injury of the tissue (ligament) connecting the bones at the base of the thumb. A sprained thumb occurs when a ligament is overextended or torn while severely stressing a joint. Common causes include skiing injury or overextension when playing racket sports, such as tennis. Symptoms are Thumb weakness Swelling Pain Bruising
  • 13. 4.Sprained Wrist: Stretching or tearing of tissues (ligaments) connecting bones and joints in the wrist. A sprained wrist can be caused by a sports injury or trauma. Symptoms are Wrist swelling Bruising Pain Tenderness
  • 14. HOW TO ASSESS SPRAIN ??? Special Test: Stress Test (Depending upon Ligament injury special test are needed) Patient’s History & Complain US MRI Imaging
  • 16. PHYSIOTHERAPY AIMS: Prevention of abnormal scar tissue formation, joint stiffness, muscle weakness. Restore proprioceptive deficits Pain relief Strengthening of the injured region Improving performance when the client returns to sport, work or simply daily life.
  • 17. PHYSIOTHERAPY Patient education PRICE protocol (24 to 72 h) P = Protection R = Rest I = Ice Application ( 15 to 20 min) C = Compression E = Elevation Early mobilization & Early weight bearing
  • 18. Pain Relief: Soft tissue massage, Electrotherapy ROM Ex (PROM; AAROM;AROM) strengthening and flexibility Ex Neuromuscular reeducation (Proprioceptive Training) Taping & Bracing.
  • 19. SURGICAL INTERVENTION Surgical Intervention: A moderate or severe sprain, particularly of the ankle, may require a hard cast may be applied. Surgically repair & reconstruct torn Ligaments.