Radius and ulna upper limb bone (Part-3) Radius and ulna anatomy and clinical anatomy details PPT by Purvi Shah. Like,Comment and share.

1. Radius & Ulna Anatomy
Part-3
By Purvi Shah
BPT

2. Radius

3. Radius
The radius is the lateral bone of the forearm.
It is homologous with the tibia of the lower limb.
It has an upper end, a lower end and a shaft.

4. The Upper End
The Head is disc shaped & is covered with hyaline cartilage
Head of radius fits into a socket formed by radial notch of ulna
and annular ligament, thus forming superior radioulnar joint.
The Neck is enclosed by narrow lower margin of annular
ligament.
The Tuberosity lies just below the medial part of the neck.
It has a rough posterior part and a smooth anterior part.

5. The Upper End

6. The Shaft
It has three borders and three surfaces.
Borders
The Anterior Border
The Posterior Border(mirror image of the anterior border)
The Medial or Interosseous Border(sharpest border)

7. The Shaft
Surfaces
The anterior surface lies between anterior and interosseous
borders.
The posterior surface lies between the posterior and interosseous
borders.
The lateral surface lies between the anterior posterior borders.

8. The Lower End
It is widest part of the bone;it has a five surfaces.
The anterior surface (The radial artery palpated against this
surface)
The posterior surface(Presents 4 grooves for extensors tendons)
The medial surface(occupied by the ulnar notch for the head of
ulna)
The lateral surface (prolonged downwards to from styloid process)
The inferior surface(bears a triangular area for the scaphoid bone;

9. Muscle Attachments
 Biceps attaches to the radial tuberosity.
 Supinator,flexor pollicis longus and the flexor digitorum
superficialis attach to the upper third part of the shaft of the
radius.
EPB,abductor pollicis longus and pronator teres all attach to the
mid shaft of the radius.
Pronator quadratus muscle attach to the distal quarter of the
radial shaft.

10. Muscle Attachments

11. Articulation
Elbow Joint
Wrist Joint

12. Ossification
The shaft ossifies from a primary centre.
The lower end ossifies from a secondary centre.
The Upper end ossifies from a secondary centre.

13. Clinical Anatomy
 The Radius commonly gets fractured about 2 cm above its lower end
Colles’s fracture.
Mechanism of injury: Fall on outstretched hand(FOOSH)
Distal fragments is displaced upwards and backwards.
Reverse of the colles’s fracture: Smith fracture
Distal fragments being palmar flexed rather than dorsiflexion.

14. Distal End Of Radius Fracture

16. Clinical Anatomy
Congenital absence of the radius is rare anomaly.
Resulting gross radial deviation of the hand and the thumb is often
absent.
Radioulnar synostosis is also rare condition in which radius and
ulna are fused together.

17. Ulna

18. Ulna
The ulna is the medial bone of forearm.
It is homologous with fibula of lower limb.
It has a upper end, shaft, lower end.
The ulna is a long bone larger proximally than distally.

19. Upper End
Olecranon process projects upwards from the shaft.
It has superior, anterior, posterior, medial, lateral surfaces.
Coronoid process projects forwards from the shaft just below the
olecranon process.
It has four surfaces; superior, anterior, posterior, medial, lateral
surfaces.
The trochlear notch forms an articular surface.
The radial notch articulate with the head of radius.

20. The Shaft
It has a 3 Borders and 3 surfaces.
Borders
Interosseous border/Lateral border(sharpest)
Anterior border(thick and rounded)
Posterior border(subcutaneous)

21. The Shaft
Surfaces
Anterior surface
Medial surface
Posterior surface

22. Lower End
Head of the ulna
The lateral, distal end of the ulna is the head of the ulna.
 It articulates with the ulnar notch on the radius and with the
triangular articular disc in the Wrist Joint.
Styloid process
It projects downwards from the posteromedial side of lower end of
the ulna.

23. Muscle Attachments
Triceps inserts into the posterior of the olecranon process.
Brachialis inserts to anterior, inferior coronoid process.
Supinator arises from the supinator crest
FDS arises from a tubercle at the upper end of coronoid process.
Pronator teres arises medial margin of the coronoid process.

24. Muscle Attachments
FDP arises from the shaft of ulna.
Pronator quadratus origin from oblique ridge on lower part
anterior surface.
FCU arise from medial side of olecranon process.
ECU arises from posterior border
Anconeus is inserted lateral aspect of olecranon process.

26. Ligament Attachments
Capsular ligament
Annular ligament
Ulna collateral ligament

27. Articulation
Elbow joint
Radio-ulna joint

28. Ossification
The shaft and the most of the upper end ossify from a primary
centre.
The superior part of olecranon ossifies from a secondary centre.
The lower end ossifies from a secondary centre.

29. Clinical Anatomy
Shaft of ulna may fracture either alone or along with that of the
radius.
Fracture of olecranon is common caused by FOOSH
Dislocation of elbow is produced by FOOSH
Madelung’s deformity is dorsal subluxation of lower end of ulna.

30. Clinical Anatomy

31. Thank You