A fracture is a break in a bone caused by physical force exceeding the bone's strength. There are different types of fractures including simple/closed fractures where the skin is intact, compound/open fractures where the skin is broken, and transverse fractures which occur at right angles to the bone. Symptoms include pain, swelling, bruising, inability to move or bear weight on the injured area. Fractures are typically diagnosed through physical exam and imaging tests like x-rays. Treatment involves immobilizing the area with splints, casts, traction, or surgery depending on the fracture type to promote healing.